This year summarizes the experience of industrialization of vacuum glazing in the past twenty years.A series of technical difficulties have been solved to start the first global mass production of high-quality vacuum ...This year summarizes the experience of industrialization of vacuum glazing in the past twenty years.A series of technical difficulties have been solved to start the first global mass production of high-quality vacuum glass.High quality means high performance and long life which are interrelated.A mass production line must be able to achieve these two requirements if it is to produce vacuum glazing products that can be accepted by the society.With a U-value of 0.4 W/m²·K based on Low-E(low emissivity)with an emissivity of 0.03 the door is wide open for further solutions.Time,gradually to improve costs,maximizes output and develops innovative solutions of advanced window and façade systems combining complete new features like smart glasses,intelligent lamella systems in hybrid VG-IG solutions changing the building world towards“Energy plus Houses”.Market demand will rapidly increase with completely new options.Cost saving means to balance additional advantages for savings against system costs of window or façade elements.Due to promotion of energy saving and emission reduction,both,subjective and objective conditions for industrialization of vacuum glasses are perfect;the building world is waiting for it,since long.There is a lot to investigate and to gain for business success.展开更多
Over time,the traditional house in central Iran,which Tehran geographically belongs to,has undergone deep physical and morphological changes as a result of technological,social and economic transformations,passing fro...Over time,the traditional house in central Iran,which Tehran geographically belongs to,has undergone deep physical and morphological changes as a result of technological,social and economic transformations,passing from the characteristics of an introverted house enclosed by walls overlooking an inner courtyard to the multi-storey condominium with an extroverted outlook.Here the façade becomes a key element:it is a threshold between urban and private,outdoor and indoor.The article shows a mosaic of patterns and materials of the new mid-rise residential building façades via photographs and diagrams to emphasize the strict connection between contemporary design and local tradition.展开更多
The present research aims to identify the possibilities of rehabilitation of building facades in the centre of Chisinau, through the use of high-performance materials, use of high-performance technologies in exec...The present research aims to identify the possibilities of rehabilitation of building facades in the centre of Chisinau, through the use of high-performance materials, use of high-performance technologies in execution, reduction of facade renovation costs, etc. In the process of organising the rehabilitation works of historical buildings of architectural value, we are dealing with the following: the value of the rehabilitation works of a historical building is very high, the duration of the rehabilitation is important, the attitude of the society is insufficient, the lack of strategies for the rehabilitation of buildings at the municipality level. In order to achieve this objective, we propose to research the following tasks: definition of the concept of rehabilitation of buildings in the Historic Centre of Chisinau;legislative, normative assurance of rehabilitation of historical heritage in the Republic of Moldova;analysis of the situation in Chisinau on the example of historical buildings with limestone finishes and examination by non-destructive methods of facades;solutions for rehabilitation of facades of historical buildings by comparing two types of technologies. In conclusion, emphasis will be placed on the choice of the most efficient method in terms of material, technology and cost.展开更多
Interior thermal insulation has been widely used to improve energy efficiency and indoor comfort of historic buildings.However,traditional vapour-tight insulation materials strongly influence the hygrothermal behaviou...Interior thermal insulation has been widely used to improve energy efficiency and indoor comfort of historic buildings.However,traditional vapour-tight insulation materials strongly influence the hygrothermal behaviour of facades,which may lead to moisture-related problems.Capillary-active insulation aims to enhance moisture permeance,ensuring the hygrothermal response of the masonry wall is more aligned with that of an uninsulated wall.While some capillary-active systems have proven their efficiency,global climate change and extreme weather conditions introduce additional uncertainties.This study investigates this specific issue.The hygrothermal responses of three massive masonry walls—one with vapour-tight insulation,one with capillary-active insulation,and one uninsulated—are monitored and simulated under real climate conditions in Leuven,Belgium.The simulations,conducted in DELPHIN 6 with monitored climate datasets as boundary conditions,are validated using measured temperature and relative humidity.The validated model is subsequently used with one current and two future climate datasets to compare the impacts of vapour-tight and capillary-active insulation on the hygrothermal behaviours of the masonry walls under climate change.The former exhibited more serious moisture-related risks,offering only marginally better energy performance,while the latter showed a similar hygrothermal behaviour to the uninsulated wall.Exterior climates significantly influence hygrothermal responses:both insulation systems inevitably increase mould growth and frost damage risks,though moisture failures are reduced in warmer outdoor environments.This paper highlights the nuanced balance between energy efficiency and moisture safety for researchers and practitioners.展开更多
Heat gain through the buildings opaque facades significantly contributes to the energy consumption of Heating,Ventilation,and Air Conditioning(HVAC)systems.In the post-construction phase,retrofitting options for reduc...Heat gain through the buildings opaque facades significantly contributes to the energy consumption of Heating,Ventilation,and Air Conditioning(HVAC)systems.In the post-construction phase,retrofitting options for reducing façade heat gain are limited,with cool paints being the prevalent strategy.However,the efficacy of shading systems as an alternative strategy remains underexplored as existing research predominantly focuses on proof-of-concept validation,often overlooking a comprehensive assessment of shading system configurations across diverse climates and building typologies.Moreover,a comparative analysis of the performance and potential synergies between cool paints and shading systems on opaque facades is crucial to understand their actual effectiveness in real-world applications.To address these gaps,our study undertakes an extensive parametric simulation,taking into account variables such as shading configurations,cool paints with varying facade solar absorbance values,facade orientation,diverse climates,and different building typologies.The results demonstrate that the use of shading on opaque facades alone could result in a HVAC energy saving of 8-28%,while the application of cool paints(façade absorptance value of 0.2)alone could reduce the HVAC energy consumption by 10-35%.By combining the use of shading and cool paints,the HVAC energy savings are further increased by 2-5%.The findings of this study offer a novel perspective on the selection of opaque façade technologies,broadening the sustainable design and retrofit options.展开更多
N umerous neurological disorders negatively impact the nervous system,either through loss of neurons or by disrupting the normal functioning of neural networks.These impairments manifest as cognitive defects,memory lo...N umerous neurological disorders negatively impact the nervous system,either through loss of neurons or by disrupting the normal functioning of neural networks.These impairments manifest as cognitive defects,memory loss,behavioral abnormalities,and motor dysfunctions.Decades of research have significantly advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology underlying neurodegene rative diseases,including Alzheimer's disease(AD),Parkinson's disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and others.展开更多
目的:在前期发现琐琐葡萄总黄酮(Flavones from Vitis vinifera L,VTF)可改善APP/PS-1双转基因(Alzheimer's disease,AD)小鼠认知功能的基础上,进一步验证“VTF是否通过重塑肠道菌群-肠-脑轴而发挥神经保护作用”,并阐明其潜在机制...目的:在前期发现琐琐葡萄总黄酮(Flavones from Vitis vinifera L,VTF)可改善APP/PS-1双转基因(Alzheimer's disease,AD)小鼠认知功能的基础上,进一步验证“VTF是否通过重塑肠道菌群-肠-脑轴而发挥神经保护作用”,并阐明其潜在机制。方法:本研究将从天然药物琐琐葡萄中提取活性成分总黄酮VTF,作用于APP/PS-1小鼠,VTF灌胃8周,通过Morris水迷宫实验评估小鼠空间学习能力;ELISA检测小鼠脑组织中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α因子,血清中5-HT、GABA因子的含量;苏木精-伊红(Hematoxylin and eosin staining,HE)染色法观察结肠组织形态,免疫组化法检测Occludin、Claudin、Zo-1、NLRP3蛋白表达;高通量测序检测小鼠粪便肠道菌群;结果:1)水迷宫实验结果显示:VTF低剂量组平均逃逸潜伏期缩短(P<0.05);VTF低、中剂量组有效区域运动距离,运动时间以及进入次数显著增多(P<0.01);2)结肠组织HE染色结果显示;AD模型小鼠肠粘膜膜层萎缩,隐窝丢失和绒毛断裂,而VTF干预之后小鼠上述情况均有所减轻;3)结肠组织免疫组化结果显示:VTF干预可以上调Occludin、Claudin、Zo-1等紧密连接蛋白阳性表达(P<0.01),减少NLRP3炎症相关蛋白的表达(P<0.01);4)ELISA结果:VTF各剂量组小鼠脑组织中IL-1β、IL-6、TNFα等炎症因子水平降低(P<0.01);VTF各剂量组中5-HT和GABA的含量增多(P<0.01);5)肠道菌群检测结果显示:VTF高剂量干预后的AD小鼠厚壁菌门相对丰度增多(P<0.05),与模型组小鼠相比,VTF中、高剂量组中乳杆菌科(Lactobacillaceae)相对丰度增多,VTF低剂量组中Muribaculaceae相对丰度增多,多奈哌齐组,VTF各剂量组中丹毒科(Erysipelotrichaceae)、瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)相对丰度增多;而VTF各剂量组中毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)、螺杆菌科(Helicobacteraceae),脱铁杆菌科(Deferribacteraceae)相对丰度减少。结论:这些结果表明,VTF调节肠道菌群可能具有治疗衰老过程中微生物导致脑轴和认知功能缺陷的潜力,其机制可能与改变肠道菌群组成,修复受损的肠道屏障,炎症反应和神经递质有关。因此,调节肠道微生物群可能是治疗AD相关神经疾病的一种潜在策略。展开更多
In this paper,we propose a new privacy-aware transmission scheduling algorithm for 6G ad hoc networks.This system enables end nodes to select the optimum time and scheme to transmit private data safely.In 6G dynamic h...In this paper,we propose a new privacy-aware transmission scheduling algorithm for 6G ad hoc networks.This system enables end nodes to select the optimum time and scheme to transmit private data safely.In 6G dynamic heterogeneous infrastructures,unstable links and non-uniform hardware capabilities create critical issues regarding security and privacy.Traditional protocols are often too computationally heavy to allow 6G services to achieve their expected Quality-of-Service(QoS).As the transport network is built of ad hoc nodes,there is no guarantee about their trustworthiness or behavior,and transversal functionalities are delegated to the extreme nodes.However,while security can be guaranteed in extreme-to-extreme solutions,privacy cannot,as all intermediate nodes still have to handle the data packets they are transporting.Besides,traditional schemes for private anonymous ad hoc communications are vulnerable against modern intelligent attacks based on learning models.The proposed scheme fulfills this gap.Findings show the probability of a successful intelligent attack reduces by up to 65%compared to ad hoc networks with no privacy protection strategy when used the proposed technology.While congestion probability can remain below 0.001%,as required in 6G services.展开更多
Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in the progression of various diseases,ranging from immune-related conditions such as sepsis to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(Ravichandran and Henek...Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in the progression of various diseases,ranging from immune-related conditions such as sepsis to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(Ravichandran and Heneka,2024).This perspective article,which draws on insights from diverse fields including neuroscience,immunology,and pathology,p rovides a critical analysis of ongoing research efforts in inflammasome biology,with specific emphasis on Nod-like receptor(NLR)and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3).展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia,affecting over 50 million people worldwide.This figure is projected to nearly double every 20 years,reaching 82 million by 2030 and 152 million by 2050(Alzhe...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia,affecting over 50 million people worldwide.This figure is projected to nearly double every 20 years,reaching 82 million by 2030 and 152 million by 2050(Alzheimer’s Disease International).The apolipoproteinε4(APOE4)allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset AD(after age 65 years).Apolipoprotein E,a lipid transporter,exists in three variants:ε2,ε3,andε4.APOEε2(APOE2)is protective against AD,APOEε3(APOE3)is neutral,while APOE4 significantly increases the risk.Individuals with one copy of APOE4 have a 4-fold greater risk of developing AD,and those with two copies face an 8-fold risk compared to non-carriers.Even in cognitively normal individuals,APOE4 carriers exhibit brain metabolic and vascular deficits decades before amyloid-beta(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles emerge-the hallmark pathologies of AD(Reiman et al.,2001,2005;Thambisetty et al.,2010).Notably,studies have demonstrated reduced glucose uptake,or hypometabolism,in brain regions vulnerable to AD in asymptomatic middle-aged APOE4 carriers,long before clinical symptoms arise(Reiman et al.,2001,2005).展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)remains an incurable neurodegenerative disorder with devastating societal and personal impacts.Despite decades of intensive research,therapeutic efforts targeting the clinical stages of AD have...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)remains an incurable neurodegenerative disorder with devastating societal and personal impacts.Despite decades of intensive research,therapeutic efforts targeting the clinical stages of AD have largely failed to halt or reverse disease progression.This has prompted a critical shift in focus toward the earlier,preclinical stages of AD,where interventions may hold greater promise for altering the disease trajectory.展开更多
[Objectives]To investigate the ameliorative effects of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction(HLJDD)on cognitive function impairment in an Alzheimer s disease(AD)mouse model induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis infection.[Methods]T...[Objectives]To investigate the ameliorative effects of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction(HLJDD)on cognitive function impairment in an Alzheimer s disease(AD)mouse model induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis infection.[Methods]Thirty-six male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to six groups:control group,model group,low-dose HLJDD group,medium-dose HLJDD group,high-dose HLJDD group,and positive drug group(treated with moxifloxacin).With the exception of the control group,all groups underwent an 8-week P.gingivalis chronic infection model induced via oral administration.Subsequently,each treatment group received corresponding doses of HLJDD(2.5,5,and 10 mg/g)or moxifloxacin for 8 weeks intervention.The novel object recognition test was employed to evaluate the non-spatial memory abilities of mice,and the novel object exploration preference index was calculated to assess cognitive function.[Results]Compared to the control group,the novel object exploration preference index of mice in the model group was significantly reduced(P<0.01),indicating that P.gingivalis infection effectively induced cognitive impairment.Relative to the model group,mice treated with medium and high doses of HLJDD exhibited a significant,dose-dependent increase in the novel object exploration preference index,whereas the low-dose group showed no significant improvement.Additionally,the positive drug moxifloxacin demonstrated a significant neuroprotective effect on cognition.[Conclusions]HLJDD effectively improves cognitive function impairment in AD model mice induced by P.gingivalis infection,offering novel experimental evidence supporting the heat-clearing and detoxification approach as well as the therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)compounds in the intervention of AD.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia characterized pathologically by the deposition of amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau containing neurofibrillary tangles.The disease presents clinica...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia characterized pathologically by the deposition of amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau containing neurofibrillary tangles.The disease presents clinically with progressive memory loss and disruption of cognitive function.Currently,there is no cure for AD;recent advances in the therapeutics aimed at clearing the amyloid protein from the brain have led to potential disease stabilization,however,this does not prevent eventual disease progression(Cummings et al.,2024).展开更多
文摘This year summarizes the experience of industrialization of vacuum glazing in the past twenty years.A series of technical difficulties have been solved to start the first global mass production of high-quality vacuum glass.High quality means high performance and long life which are interrelated.A mass production line must be able to achieve these two requirements if it is to produce vacuum glazing products that can be accepted by the society.With a U-value of 0.4 W/m²·K based on Low-E(low emissivity)with an emissivity of 0.03 the door is wide open for further solutions.Time,gradually to improve costs,maximizes output and develops innovative solutions of advanced window and façade systems combining complete new features like smart glasses,intelligent lamella systems in hybrid VG-IG solutions changing the building world towards“Energy plus Houses”.Market demand will rapidly increase with completely new options.Cost saving means to balance additional advantages for savings against system costs of window or façade elements.Due to promotion of energy saving and emission reduction,both,subjective and objective conditions for industrialization of vacuum glasses are perfect;the building world is waiting for it,since long.There is a lot to investigate and to gain for business success.
基金When I was in Tehran three years ago,I had the opportunity to visit and meet some architects:this was the starting point to investigate Iranian architecture,especially the residential sector.I would like to acknowledge the seven architectural firms which answered my call and sent me photos and diagrams of the case studies chosen:Admun Studio,Faezeh Hadian Design Studio,Alidoost&Partners,Keivani Architects,Ayeneh Office,TDC Office.Thanks also go to Parham Rashidi for his valuable support in contacting the architects.
文摘Over time,the traditional house in central Iran,which Tehran geographically belongs to,has undergone deep physical and morphological changes as a result of technological,social and economic transformations,passing from the characteristics of an introverted house enclosed by walls overlooking an inner courtyard to the multi-storey condominium with an extroverted outlook.Here the façade becomes a key element:it is a threshold between urban and private,outdoor and indoor.The article shows a mosaic of patterns and materials of the new mid-rise residential building façades via photographs and diagrams to emphasize the strict connection between contemporary design and local tradition.
文摘The present research aims to identify the possibilities of rehabilitation of building facades in the centre of Chisinau, through the use of high-performance materials, use of high-performance technologies in execution, reduction of facade renovation costs, etc. In the process of organising the rehabilitation works of historical buildings of architectural value, we are dealing with the following: the value of the rehabilitation works of a historical building is very high, the duration of the rehabilitation is important, the attitude of the society is insufficient, the lack of strategies for the rehabilitation of buildings at the municipality level. In order to achieve this objective, we propose to research the following tasks: definition of the concept of rehabilitation of buildings in the Historic Centre of Chisinau;legislative, normative assurance of rehabilitation of historical heritage in the Republic of Moldova;analysis of the situation in Chisinau on the example of historical buildings with limestone finishes and examination by non-destructive methods of facades;solutions for rehabilitation of facades of historical buildings by comparing two types of technologies. In conclusion, emphasis will be placed on the choice of the most efficient method in terms of material, technology and cost.
基金supported by China Scholarship Council(NO.202006090005).
文摘Interior thermal insulation has been widely used to improve energy efficiency and indoor comfort of historic buildings.However,traditional vapour-tight insulation materials strongly influence the hygrothermal behaviour of facades,which may lead to moisture-related problems.Capillary-active insulation aims to enhance moisture permeance,ensuring the hygrothermal response of the masonry wall is more aligned with that of an uninsulated wall.While some capillary-active systems have proven their efficiency,global climate change and extreme weather conditions introduce additional uncertainties.This study investigates this specific issue.The hygrothermal responses of three massive masonry walls—one with vapour-tight insulation,one with capillary-active insulation,and one uninsulated—are monitored and simulated under real climate conditions in Leuven,Belgium.The simulations,conducted in DELPHIN 6 with monitored climate datasets as boundary conditions,are validated using measured temperature and relative humidity.The validated model is subsequently used with one current and two future climate datasets to compare the impacts of vapour-tight and capillary-active insulation on the hygrothermal behaviours of the masonry walls under climate change.The former exhibited more serious moisture-related risks,offering only marginally better energy performance,while the latter showed a similar hygrothermal behaviour to the uninsulated wall.Exterior climates significantly influence hygrothermal responses:both insulation systems inevitably increase mould growth and frost damage risks,though moisture failures are reduced in warmer outdoor environments.This paper highlights the nuanced balance between energy efficiency and moisture safety for researchers and practitioners.
基金supported by the Singapore Min-istry of Education under grant no A-0008302-02-00 and A-8000136-01-00.
文摘Heat gain through the buildings opaque facades significantly contributes to the energy consumption of Heating,Ventilation,and Air Conditioning(HVAC)systems.In the post-construction phase,retrofitting options for reducing façade heat gain are limited,with cool paints being the prevalent strategy.However,the efficacy of shading systems as an alternative strategy remains underexplored as existing research predominantly focuses on proof-of-concept validation,often overlooking a comprehensive assessment of shading system configurations across diverse climates and building typologies.Moreover,a comparative analysis of the performance and potential synergies between cool paints and shading systems on opaque facades is crucial to understand their actual effectiveness in real-world applications.To address these gaps,our study undertakes an extensive parametric simulation,taking into account variables such as shading configurations,cool paints with varying facade solar absorbance values,facade orientation,diverse climates,and different building typologies.The results demonstrate that the use of shading on opaque facades alone could result in a HVAC energy saving of 8-28%,while the application of cool paints(façade absorptance value of 0.2)alone could reduce the HVAC energy consumption by 10-35%.By combining the use of shading and cool paints,the HVAC energy savings are further increased by 2-5%.The findings of this study offer a novel perspective on the selection of opaque façade technologies,broadening the sustainable design and retrofit options.
基金supported by the National Institute on Aging(Nos.AG000723 and AG000578)(to VAB)the Fondation Sante(No.19656),Greece 2.0+1 种基金the National Recovery and Resilience Plan’s flagship program TAEDR-0535850the European Research Council(No.101077374-Synapto Mitophagy)(to KP)。
文摘N umerous neurological disorders negatively impact the nervous system,either through loss of neurons or by disrupting the normal functioning of neural networks.These impairments manifest as cognitive defects,memory loss,behavioral abnormalities,and motor dysfunctions.Decades of research have significantly advanced our understanding of the pathophysiology underlying neurodegene rative diseases,including Alzheimer's disease(AD),Parkinson's disease,amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,and others.
文摘目的:在前期发现琐琐葡萄总黄酮(Flavones from Vitis vinifera L,VTF)可改善APP/PS-1双转基因(Alzheimer's disease,AD)小鼠认知功能的基础上,进一步验证“VTF是否通过重塑肠道菌群-肠-脑轴而发挥神经保护作用”,并阐明其潜在机制。方法:本研究将从天然药物琐琐葡萄中提取活性成分总黄酮VTF,作用于APP/PS-1小鼠,VTF灌胃8周,通过Morris水迷宫实验评估小鼠空间学习能力;ELISA检测小鼠脑组织中IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α因子,血清中5-HT、GABA因子的含量;苏木精-伊红(Hematoxylin and eosin staining,HE)染色法观察结肠组织形态,免疫组化法检测Occludin、Claudin、Zo-1、NLRP3蛋白表达;高通量测序检测小鼠粪便肠道菌群;结果:1)水迷宫实验结果显示:VTF低剂量组平均逃逸潜伏期缩短(P<0.05);VTF低、中剂量组有效区域运动距离,运动时间以及进入次数显著增多(P<0.01);2)结肠组织HE染色结果显示;AD模型小鼠肠粘膜膜层萎缩,隐窝丢失和绒毛断裂,而VTF干预之后小鼠上述情况均有所减轻;3)结肠组织免疫组化结果显示:VTF干预可以上调Occludin、Claudin、Zo-1等紧密连接蛋白阳性表达(P<0.01),减少NLRP3炎症相关蛋白的表达(P<0.01);4)ELISA结果:VTF各剂量组小鼠脑组织中IL-1β、IL-6、TNFα等炎症因子水平降低(P<0.01);VTF各剂量组中5-HT和GABA的含量增多(P<0.01);5)肠道菌群检测结果显示:VTF高剂量干预后的AD小鼠厚壁菌门相对丰度增多(P<0.05),与模型组小鼠相比,VTF中、高剂量组中乳杆菌科(Lactobacillaceae)相对丰度增多,VTF低剂量组中Muribaculaceae相对丰度增多,多奈哌齐组,VTF各剂量组中丹毒科(Erysipelotrichaceae)、瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)相对丰度增多;而VTF各剂量组中毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)、螺杆菌科(Helicobacteraceae),脱铁杆菌科(Deferribacteraceae)相对丰度减少。结论:这些结果表明,VTF调节肠道菌群可能具有治疗衰老过程中微生物导致脑轴和认知功能缺陷的潜力,其机制可能与改变肠道菌群组成,修复受损的肠道屏障,炎症反应和神经递质有关。因此,调节肠道微生物群可能是治疗AD相关神经疾病的一种潜在策略。
基金funding from the European Commission by the Ruralities project(grant agreement no.101060876).
文摘In this paper,we propose a new privacy-aware transmission scheduling algorithm for 6G ad hoc networks.This system enables end nodes to select the optimum time and scheme to transmit private data safely.In 6G dynamic heterogeneous infrastructures,unstable links and non-uniform hardware capabilities create critical issues regarding security and privacy.Traditional protocols are often too computationally heavy to allow 6G services to achieve their expected Quality-of-Service(QoS).As the transport network is built of ad hoc nodes,there is no guarantee about their trustworthiness or behavior,and transversal functionalities are delegated to the extreme nodes.However,while security can be guaranteed in extreme-to-extreme solutions,privacy cannot,as all intermediate nodes still have to handle the data packets they are transporting.Besides,traditional schemes for private anonymous ad hoc communications are vulnerable against modern intelligent attacks based on learning models.The proposed scheme fulfills this gap.Findings show the probability of a successful intelligent attack reduces by up to 65%compared to ad hoc networks with no privacy protection strategy when used the proposed technology.While congestion probability can remain below 0.001%,as required in 6G services.
基金supported by Texas Alzheimer’s Research and Care Consortium-TARCC 2022-26,The National Football League Players Association-NFLPA,NIH/NIA Grant 1R01 AG072491 to TB and FDP.
文摘Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in the progression of various diseases,ranging from immune-related conditions such as sepsis to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(Ravichandran and Heneka,2024).This perspective article,which draws on insights from diverse fields including neuroscience,immunology,and pathology,p rovides a critical analysis of ongoing research efforts in inflammasome biology,with specific emphasis on Nod-like receptor(NLR)and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3).
基金supported by National Institute on Aging(NIH-NIA)R01AG054459(to ALL).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia,affecting over 50 million people worldwide.This figure is projected to nearly double every 20 years,reaching 82 million by 2030 and 152 million by 2050(Alzheimer’s Disease International).The apolipoproteinε4(APOE4)allele is the strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset AD(after age 65 years).Apolipoprotein E,a lipid transporter,exists in three variants:ε2,ε3,andε4.APOEε2(APOE2)is protective against AD,APOEε3(APOE3)is neutral,while APOE4 significantly increases the risk.Individuals with one copy of APOE4 have a 4-fold greater risk of developing AD,and those with two copies face an 8-fold risk compared to non-carriers.Even in cognitively normal individuals,APOE4 carriers exhibit brain metabolic and vascular deficits decades before amyloid-beta(Aβ)plaques and neurofibrillary tau tangles emerge-the hallmark pathologies of AD(Reiman et al.,2001,2005;Thambisetty et al.,2010).Notably,studies have demonstrated reduced glucose uptake,or hypometabolism,in brain regions vulnerable to AD in asymptomatic middle-aged APOE4 carriers,long before clinical symptoms arise(Reiman et al.,2001,2005).
基金supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Project grant (PJT-169197) to QYsupported by a CGS-M fellowship from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)remains an incurable neurodegenerative disorder with devastating societal and personal impacts.Despite decades of intensive research,therapeutic efforts targeting the clinical stages of AD have largely failed to halt or reverse disease progression.This has prompted a critical shift in focus toward the earlier,preclinical stages of AD,where interventions may hold greater promise for altering the disease trajectory.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(82160832)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(2017GXNS-FAA198255)+2 种基金Open Project of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Neuroscience(GKLBCN-202206-02)Guangxi Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(202410601029,S202410601113)The 4th Thousand Young and Middle-Aged Backbone Teachers Cultivation Program of Guangxi Higher Education Institutions.
文摘[Objectives]To investigate the ameliorative effects of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction(HLJDD)on cognitive function impairment in an Alzheimer s disease(AD)mouse model induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis infection.[Methods]Thirty-six male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to six groups:control group,model group,low-dose HLJDD group,medium-dose HLJDD group,high-dose HLJDD group,and positive drug group(treated with moxifloxacin).With the exception of the control group,all groups underwent an 8-week P.gingivalis chronic infection model induced via oral administration.Subsequently,each treatment group received corresponding doses of HLJDD(2.5,5,and 10 mg/g)or moxifloxacin for 8 weeks intervention.The novel object recognition test was employed to evaluate the non-spatial memory abilities of mice,and the novel object exploration preference index was calculated to assess cognitive function.[Results]Compared to the control group,the novel object exploration preference index of mice in the model group was significantly reduced(P<0.01),indicating that P.gingivalis infection effectively induced cognitive impairment.Relative to the model group,mice treated with medium and high doses of HLJDD exhibited a significant,dose-dependent increase in the novel object exploration preference index,whereas the low-dose group showed no significant improvement.Additionally,the positive drug moxifloxacin demonstrated a significant neuroprotective effect on cognition.[Conclusions]HLJDD effectively improves cognitive function impairment in AD model mice induced by P.gingivalis infection,offering novel experimental evidence supporting the heat-clearing and detoxification approach as well as the therapeutic potential of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)compounds in the intervention of AD.
基金funded by Wellcome 4ward North(Ref:216340/Z/19/Z)ARUK Yorkshire Network Centre Small Grant Scheme,ARUK Preparatory Clinical Fellowship scheme(Ref:ARUK-PCRF2016A-1)+3 种基金Academy of Medical Sciences Starter Grants for Clinical Lecturers Scheme(Ref:SGL028\1097),Parkinson’s UK(Ref:F1301)Michael J Fox Foundation(Ref:005021),Australian Research Council(CE200100012)European Union Seventh Framework Programme(Ref:FP7/2007-2013)under grant agreement no.601055the NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre award(NIHR 203321)(to SMB).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia characterized pathologically by the deposition of amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau containing neurofibrillary tangles.The disease presents clinically with progressive memory loss and disruption of cognitive function.Currently,there is no cure for AD;recent advances in the therapeutics aimed at clearing the amyloid protein from the brain have led to potential disease stabilization,however,this does not prevent eventual disease progression(Cummings et al.,2024).
