Tropane alkaloids(TAs),which are anticholinergic agents,are an essential class of natural compounds,and there is a growing demand for TAs with anesthetic,analgesic,and spasmolytic effects.Anisodus acutan-gulus(Solanac...Tropane alkaloids(TAs),which are anticholinergic agents,are an essential class of natural compounds,and there is a growing demand for TAs with anesthetic,analgesic,and spasmolytic effects.Anisodus acutan-gulus(Solanaceae)is a TA-producing plant that was used as an anesthetic in ancient China.In this study,we assembled a high-quality,chromosome-scale genome of A.acutangulus with a contig N50 of 7.4 Mb.A recent whole-genome duplication occurred in A.acutangulus after its divergence from other Solanaceae species,which resulted in the duplication of ADC1 and UGT genes involved in TA biosynthesis.The catalytic activities of H6H enzymes were determined for three Solanaceae plants.On the basis of evolution and co-expressed genes,AaWRKY11 was selected for further analyses,which revealed that its encoded tran-scription factor promotes TA biosynthesis by activating AaH6H1 expression.Thesefindings provide useful insights into genome evolution related to TA biosynthesis and have potential implications for genetic manipulation of TA-producing plants.展开更多
Background:Anisodus acutangulus(Solanaceae),an important folk medicinal herb in China,produces up to 1.2%alkaloids more than that in other Solanaceae plants such as Hyoscyamus niger,while its evolutionary position in ...Background:Anisodus acutangulus(Solanaceae),an important folk medicinal herb in China,produces up to 1.2%alkaloids more than that in other Solanaceae plants such as Hyoscyamus niger,while its evolutionary position in Hyoscyameae is not very clear.Objective:To explain the evolutionary position of A.acutangulus in the Solanaceae via complete chloroplast genome(cp)sequence.Methods:Complete chloroplast genome of A.acutangulus was obtained and characterized using the Illumina PE150 pair-end sequencing data.Structure of the genome,codon usage,nucleotide variability(Pi)value,distribution of repeats and SSRs between A.acutangulus and other seven Solanaceae species were analyzed.Previously published 22 Solanaceae cp genomes were used to construct phylogenetic tree.Results:The complete cp genome of A.acutangulus is 156082 bp in length,showed the typical quadripartite structure.The complete cp genome of A.acutangulus was highly conserved.A total of 112 unique genes were found in cp genome of A.acutangulus,among which 17 were duplicated.Further,we found eight hotspot regions for genome divergence could be explored as new DNA barcodes for the identification of the Solanaceae species.Phylogenetic analysis showed that A.acutangulus formed a clade with H.niger.Conclusion:A.acutangulus belongs to Hyoscyameae subfamily and the complete cp genome provides valuable information for phylogenetic reconstruction or comparative genomics of A.acutangulus.展开更多
以药用植物三分三(Anisodus acutangulus C.Y.Wu et C.Chen ex C.Chen et C.L.Chen)成熟种子为材料,采用L9(34)正交试验研究赤霉素(GA3)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)及浸种时间对三分三种子萌发的影响。结果表明,三分三种子萌...以药用植物三分三(Anisodus acutangulus C.Y.Wu et C.Chen ex C.Chen et C.L.Chen)成熟种子为材料,采用L9(34)正交试验研究赤霉素(GA3)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、6-苄基腺嘌呤(6-BA)及浸种时间对三分三种子萌发的影响。结果表明,三分三种子萌发的最佳处理是A2B3C1D2,即赤霉素200 mg/L+6-苄基腺嘌呤20 mg/L+吲哚乙酸0 mg/L+浸种时间24 h,该处理的种子发芽率高达97.8%以上,并且种子开始发芽时间、发芽持续时间较短,种子发芽势、发芽指数最高,是比较理想的种子萌发处理方法。对发芽率进行极差分析以及验证试验的结果显示,影响三分三种子发芽率的最佳处理是A3B2C3D1,即赤霉素800 mg/L+6-苄基腺嘌呤10 mg/L+吲哚乙酸10 mg/L+浸种时间12 h;4种因素中以浸种时间对三分三种子发芽率的影响最大,其次是6-苄基腺嘌呤、吲哚乙酸,影响最小的是赤霉素,说明浸种时间过长反而对发芽不利。展开更多
基金supported by the National"Ten-Thousand Talents Program"for Leading Talents of Science and Technology Innovation in China,the National Key R&D Program of China (2018YFC1706203)the National Young Qihuang Scholars Training Program,the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82003888,82073963,81522049,82003889)+3 种基金a Key Scientific and Technological Grant of Zhejiang for Breeding New Agricultural Varieties (2021C02074-3)the"Sannongjiufang"Research Joint Project of Zhejiang Province (2023SNJF029)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (LY20H280008)Research Projects of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (2021JKZKTS011A,2021JKZDZC06,2020010,and YB20023).
文摘Tropane alkaloids(TAs),which are anticholinergic agents,are an essential class of natural compounds,and there is a growing demand for TAs with anesthetic,analgesic,and spasmolytic effects.Anisodus acutan-gulus(Solanaceae)is a TA-producing plant that was used as an anesthetic in ancient China.In this study,we assembled a high-quality,chromosome-scale genome of A.acutangulus with a contig N50 of 7.4 Mb.A recent whole-genome duplication occurred in A.acutangulus after its divergence from other Solanaceae species,which resulted in the duplication of ADC1 and UGT genes involved in TA biosynthesis.The catalytic activities of H6H enzymes were determined for three Solanaceae plants.On the basis of evolution and co-expressed genes,AaWRKY11 was selected for further analyses,which revealed that its encoded tran-scription factor promotes TA biosynthesis by activating AaH6H1 expression.Thesefindings provide useful insights into genome evolution related to TA biosynthesis and have potential implications for genetic manipulation of TA-producing plants.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC1706200)National Natural Science Fund of China(81522049,31571735,82003888)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Ten Thousands Program for Leading Talents of Science and Technology In-novation(2018R520)Zhejiang Provincial Program for the Cultivation of High-level Innovative Health talents.
文摘Background:Anisodus acutangulus(Solanaceae),an important folk medicinal herb in China,produces up to 1.2%alkaloids more than that in other Solanaceae plants such as Hyoscyamus niger,while its evolutionary position in Hyoscyameae is not very clear.Objective:To explain the evolutionary position of A.acutangulus in the Solanaceae via complete chloroplast genome(cp)sequence.Methods:Complete chloroplast genome of A.acutangulus was obtained and characterized using the Illumina PE150 pair-end sequencing data.Structure of the genome,codon usage,nucleotide variability(Pi)value,distribution of repeats and SSRs between A.acutangulus and other seven Solanaceae species were analyzed.Previously published 22 Solanaceae cp genomes were used to construct phylogenetic tree.Results:The complete cp genome of A.acutangulus is 156082 bp in length,showed the typical quadripartite structure.The complete cp genome of A.acutangulus was highly conserved.A total of 112 unique genes were found in cp genome of A.acutangulus,among which 17 were duplicated.Further,we found eight hotspot regions for genome divergence could be explored as new DNA barcodes for the identification of the Solanaceae species.Phylogenetic analysis showed that A.acutangulus formed a clade with H.niger.Conclusion:A.acutangulus belongs to Hyoscyameae subfamily and the complete cp genome provides valuable information for phylogenetic reconstruction or comparative genomics of A.acutangulus.
