Camptotheca acuminata Decaisne is a tree unique to China, producing terpenoid indole alkaloid (TIA), camptothecin (CPT), and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), which possesses strong anti-cancer bioactivity. The dynamics ...Camptotheca acuminata Decaisne is a tree unique to China, producing terpenoid indole alkaloid (TIA), camptothecin (CPT), and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), which possesses strong anti-cancer bioactivity. The dynamics of HCPT and CPT during seed maturation, seed germination, postgerminative development and daily growth were measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). This article provides some evidence for presenting the theory that each characteristic of HCPT and CPT accumulation is under developmental regulation and then attempt to elucidate the metabolic relationships between them. HCPT accumulates particularly in young tissues and organs and is relatively unstable, while the distribution of CPT is more ubiquitous and stable. Their different distribution properties suggest that HCPT and CPT are differentially regulated and play distinct roles:during development.展开更多
Plants interact with their environment by producing a diverse array of secondary metabolites, one of which is alkaloid. In this study, alkaloids, including camptothecin (CPT) and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), malondi...Plants interact with their environment by producing a diverse array of secondary metabolites, one of which is alkaloid. In this study, alkaloids, including camptothecin (CPT) and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and chlorophyll contents were measured during heat shock in seedlings of Camptotheca acuminata Decaisne unique to China. Responses of different tissues, including young leaves, old leaves, buds and barks, to heat shock were examined in alkaloid changes. CPT and HCPT concentrations reached their peak values separately at 38 degreesC and 40 degreesC, which were below the lethal heat-shock temperature indicated by MDA and chlorophyll, and their great changes took place in young leaves. These results indicated that CPT and HCPT were involved in the C acuminata resistance against heat shock from its environment. Furthermore, plant rigidly observed the cost-benefit principle and mobilized and allocated limited alkaloid sources to young and reproductive tissues preferentially. In addition, HCPT displayed well-regulated changes during incubation at sublethal temperature, and this indicated that HCPT might play a more positively defensive role in enhancement of plant thermotolerance than CPT does.展开更多
Camptotheca acuminata seeds were sown in sterilized sands in the greenhouse in February of 2005. After 90-day growth, seedlings were inoculated with three species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF）, Acaulospora m...Camptotheca acuminata seeds were sown in sterilized sands in the greenhouse in February of 2005. After 90-day growth, seedlings were inoculated with three species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF）, Acaulospora mellea, Glomus diaphanum and Sclerocystis sinuosa.. The height, biomass, and absorptions of nitrogen and phosphorus of C. acuminata seedlings inoculated with AMF were investigated. The results showed that the formation of AM promoted the height growth and biomass accumulation of seedlings significantly and improved the absorption of phosphorus in seedlings. The height and biomass of mycorrhizal seedlings were 1.2 and 1.6 times higher than those of the non-mycorrhizal seedlings. The absorption of nitrogen was less influenced by the formation of AM. The nitrogen content in mycorrhizal seedling was equal to that of non-mycorrhizal seedlings. Compared with non-mycorrhizal seedlings, the nitrogen content of mycorrhizal seedlings inoculated with A. mellea changed considerably in the root, stem and leaves. The difference in nitrogen content was not significant between mycorrhizal seedlings inoculated with G. diaphanum and S. sinuosa. The AM formation stimulated the absorption of phosphorus, especially in roots, and also changed the allocation of nitrogen and phosphorus in different organs of seedlings. Compared with non-mycorrhizal seedlings, the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus in mycorrhizal roots increased, but reduced in stem and leaves.展开更多
Camptothecine （CPT） and hydroxycamptothecin （HCPT）, two kinds of anti-cancer alkaloids, were extracted from Camptotheca acuminata leaves using homogenate extraction technology under different conditions such as th...Camptothecine （CPT） and hydroxycamptothecin （HCPT）, two kinds of anti-cancer alkaloids, were extracted from Camptotheca acuminata leaves using homogenate extraction technology under different conditions such as the ratio of material to liquid, ethanol concentration, and homogenate time. The optimum technology parameters for homogenate extraction of CPT and HCPT from C acuminata leaves were determined as homogenate time at 8 rain, ethanol concentration at 55% and the ratio of material to liquid at 1：15 （g：mL）. By using the optimized parameters, we obtained 0.639‰ extraction rate for CPT and 0.437‰ for HCPT. The extraction yields of CPT and HCPT extracted by homogenating technology were higher than those by other extractive methods, such as ultrasonic, reflux, shaking in water bath. It is concluded that the homogenate extraction technology was an efficient method for extracting CPT and HCPT from C acuminata leaves, with characteristics of less extraction time and high yield.展开更多
The determination method of 10-hydroxycamptothecin in Camptotheca acuminata fruits by high-performance liquid chromatogram (HPLC) was studied. The HPLC analysis was performed on a HIQ sil C18(4.6×250 mm) column w...The determination method of 10-hydroxycamptothecin in Camptotheca acuminata fruits by high-performance liquid chromatogram (HPLC) was studied. The HPLC analysis was performed on a HIQ sil C18(4.6×250 mm) column with mobile phase of acetonitrilewater (3:7, V:V), flow rate 1 mLmin-1 and UV detective wavelength 266 nm. Extracting 10-hydroxycamptothecin by ultrasonic method from fruits of C. acuminata to prepare samples for analysis was systematically discussed. The optimal extraction condition was carried out by 60% alcohol solution at 60℃ for 50 minutes.展开更多
Nitrate reductase activity (NRA) in different plant organs and leaves in different positions of Camptotheca acuminata seedlings was determined by an In vivo assay, the diurnal variation rhythm of NRA in leaves of diff...Nitrate reductase activity (NRA) in different plant organs and leaves in different positions of Camptotheca acuminata seedlings was determined by an In vivo assay, the diurnal variation rhythm of NRA in leaves of different positions was observed,and the correlations between leaf NRA, leaf area and lamina mass per unit area (LMA) were also examined. The results showed that NRA in the leaf was significantly highest, compared with that in other organs such as roots, stems and leaves. In this experiment, the 10 leaves were selected from the apex to the base of the seedlings in order. The different NRA occurred obviously in leaves of different positions of C. acuminata seedlings from the apex to the base, and NRA was higher in the 4th-6th leaves.The diurnal change rhythm of leaf NRA showed a one peak curve, and maximum NRA value appeared at about midday (at 12:30 or so). No obvious correlations between NRA and leaf area or lamina mass per unit area were observed. This study offered scientific foundation for the further research on nitrogen metabolism of C. acuminata.展开更多
Objective: To study the immunological mechanisms ofCondyloma acuminata(CA) through investigating Tlymphocyte subset levels and cytokine profile in theperipheral blood of patients with CondylomaAcuminata. Methods: Tric...Objective: To study the immunological mechanisms ofCondyloma acuminata(CA) through investigating Tlymphocyte subset levels and cytokine profile in theperipheral blood of patients with CondylomaAcuminata. Methods: Tricolor and bicolor immunofluorescentstaining antibody of cell surface antigen and intracel-lular IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IFN-Y in CD4^+ and CD8^+ T-lymphocytes from 20 patients with CA were performedand followed by flow cytometry. Results: The number of CD3^+T, CD4^+T-lymphocytescells and CD4^+/CD8^+T cells ratio were significantlydecreased(P<0.01) in patients with CA Compared tocontrols, and IL-2, IL-12, IFN-γ production in CD4^+Tcells was decreased(P<0.01), IL-4 and IFN-γ produc-tion in CD4^+T cells was not significantly different (P>0.05), while IL-2 and IL-12 production in CD8^+Tc cellswas decreased (P<0.01), whereas IFN-γ and IL-4 pro-ducing in CD4^+T cells were of no significantlydifference(P>0.05). Conclusions: There was an imbalance of T lympho-cyte subsets, Th1/Th2 cytokines and Tc1/Tc2 in theperipheral blood of CA patients, which may play animportant role in the pathogenesis and progression ofCA.展开更多
In order to investigate the correlation between the expression of the apoptotic regulatory proteins (Fas, Bcl 2) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLC) and the level of IFN γ and IL 4 in serum of the patients with...In order to investigate the correlation between the expression of the apoptotic regulatory proteins (Fas, Bcl 2) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLC) and the level of IFN γ and IL 4 in serum of the patients with condyloma acuminata (CA) in the immune pathogenesis of CA, indirect immunofluorescence labeling method of flow cytometer and solid sandwich ELISA method were performed for detecting the expression of Fas, Bcl 2 in PBLC and the level of IFN γ and IL 4 in serum of 60 cases of CA. The results showed the expression level of Fas in PBLC of CA was significantly higher than in the normal control group, but the expression level of Bcl 2 was significantly lower (both P< 0.01). The level of IFN γ in serum of CA was significantly lower than in the normal control group ( P< 0.01), but IL 4 was significantly lower (both P< 0.01). The expression of Fas in PBLC had a negative correlation with the level of IFN γ in serum of patients with CA, but had a positive correlation with the level of IL 4; The expression of Bcl 2 had a positive correlation with the level of IFN γ, but had a negative correlation with the level of IL 4. All the correlation coefficients had significant differerce by t test ( P< 0.01). It was suggested abnormal apoptosis in PBLC, the suppressed secretion of the THl associated cytokines (eg: IFN γ) and the increased secretion of the TH2 asssociated cytokines (eg: IL 4) existed in the patients with CA and might play an important role in the immune pathogenesis of CA.展开更多
Camptotheca acuminata produces camptothecin(CPT),a monoterpene indole alkaloid(MIA)that is widely used in the treatment of lung,colorectal,cervical,and ovarian cancers.Its biosynthesis pathway has attracted significan...Camptotheca acuminata produces camptothecin(CPT),a monoterpene indole alkaloid(MIA)that is widely used in the treatment of lung,colorectal,cervical,and ovarian cancers.Its biosynthesis pathway has attracted significant attention,but the regulation of CPT biosynthesis by the APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor(AP2/ERF)transcription factors(TFs)remains unclear.In this study,a systematic analysis of the AP2/ERF TFs family in C.acuminata was performed,including phylogeny,gene structure,conserved motifs,and gene expression profiles in different tissues and organs(immature bark,cotyledons,young flower,immature fruit,mature fruit,mature leaf,roots,upper stem,and lower stem)of C.acuminata.A total of 198 AP2/ERF genes were identified and divided into five relatively conserved subfamilies,including AP2(26 genes),DREB(61 genes),ERF(92 genes),RAV(18 genes),and Soloist(one gene).The combination of gene expression patterns in different C.acuminata tissues and organs,the phylogenetic tree,the co-expression analysis with biosynthetic genes,and the analysis of promoter sequences of key enzymes genes involved in CPT biosynthesis pathways revealed that eight AP2/ERF TFs in C.acuminata might be involved in CPT synthesis regulation,which exhibit relatively high expression levels in the upper stem or immature bark.Among these,four genes(Cac AP2/ERF123,Cac AP2/ERF125,Cac AP2/ERF126,and Cac AP2/ERF127)belong to the ERF–B2 subgroup;two genes(Cac AP2/ERF149 and Cac AP2/ERF152)belong to the ERF–B3 subgroup;and two more genes(Cac AP2/ERF095 and Cac AP2/ERF096)belong to the DREB–A6 subgroup.These results provide a foundation for future functional characterization of the AP2/ERF genes to enhance the biosynthesis of CPT compounds of C.acuminata.展开更多
Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy （PDT） with topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid （ALA） on cervical condylomata acuminata. Methods Patients with cervical condylomata （n=30） were...Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy （PDT） with topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid （ALA） on cervical condylomata acuminata. Methods Patients with cervical condylomata （n=30） were allocated into primary and recurrent group, and were given topical ALA under occlusive dressing for 3 hours followed by irradiation with semiconductor laser at a dose of 100 Jcm 2 and a power of 100 roW. The treatment was repeated 7 days later if the lesion was not completely removed after the first treatment. Complete response rate and recurrence rate of wart lesions as well as rate of adverse reaction were analyzed. Results The total complete response rate of PDT was 100% and the total recurrence rate was 5% after 3 months of follow-up. Recurrence rate of recurrent group was significantly lower than that of prior managements （100%, P〈0.01）. The side effects of PDT in patients mainly included mild burning and/or stinging restricted to the illuminated areas, and was significant lower than their own control （25% vs. 100%, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Compared with conventional therapies, topical application of ALA-PDT is a simple, effective, safe, well-tolerated, and low recurrence rate treatment for cervical condylomata acuminata.展开更多
Axillary buds from 3-yr.-old seedlings of Camptotheca acuminata in the greenhouse were cultured on the different basal media with different concentrations of growth regulators for shoot regeneration for studying the e...Axillary buds from 3-yr.-old seedlings of Camptotheca acuminata in the greenhouse were cultured on the different basal media with different concentrations of growth regulators for shoot regeneration for studying the effects of different basal media, different concen- trations of growth regulators (BA or TDZ), sucrose, agar and pH value on shoot regeneration from axillary bud. The results showed that B5 and WPM media were the optimal basal media and the optimal phyotohormone was BA of 1.0 mg/L or TDZ of 0.1mg/L; The concentrations of sucrose of 30g/L and agar of 6g/L were most suitable for the shoot regeneration; pH value from 5.8 to 6.6 were broadly effective, but the best at pH 5.8.展开更多
C. acuminata seedlings cultivated in greenhouse were transplanted into the fields with 5 designed planting densities (11, 16, 25,44 and 100 plants·m^-2) in May of 2004 and were harvested in the middle of Septembe...C. acuminata seedlings cultivated in greenhouse were transplanted into the fields with 5 designed planting densities (11, 16, 25,44 and 100 plants·m^-2) in May of 2004 and were harvested in the middle of September of 2004. The seedling growth indexes including plant height and crown width, biomass allocation, camptothecin (CPT) content and CPT yield of different organs (young leaf, old leaf, stem,and root) were studied. For the 5 selected planting densities, the plant biomass, height, crown width, and total leaf area of C. acuminata seedlings all showed highest values at the planting density of 25 plants ·m^-2. CPT content in young leaves was higher than that in other organs of seedlings and presented an obvious change with the variation of planting densities and with the highest value at density of 100plants·m-2, while for other organs no significant variation in CPT content was found with change of planting density. The accumulation of CPT was enhanced significantly at the planting density of 25 plants·m^-2. It is concluded that for the purpose to get raw materials with more CPT from C. acuminata, the optimal planting density of C. acuminata seedlings should be designed as 25 plants·m^-2.展开更多
文摘Camptotheca acuminata Decaisne is a tree unique to China, producing terpenoid indole alkaloid (TIA), camptothecin (CPT), and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), which possesses strong anti-cancer bioactivity. The dynamics of HCPT and CPT during seed maturation, seed germination, postgerminative development and daily growth were measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). This article provides some evidence for presenting the theory that each characteristic of HCPT and CPT accumulation is under developmental regulation and then attempt to elucidate the metabolic relationships between them. HCPT accumulates particularly in young tissues and organs and is relatively unstable, while the distribution of CPT is more ubiquitous and stable. Their different distribution properties suggest that HCPT and CPT are differentially regulated and play distinct roles:during development.
文摘Plants interact with their environment by producing a diverse array of secondary metabolites, one of which is alkaloid. In this study, alkaloids, including camptothecin (CPT) and 10-hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and chlorophyll contents were measured during heat shock in seedlings of Camptotheca acuminata Decaisne unique to China. Responses of different tissues, including young leaves, old leaves, buds and barks, to heat shock were examined in alkaloid changes. CPT and HCPT concentrations reached their peak values separately at 38 degreesC and 40 degreesC, which were below the lethal heat-shock temperature indicated by MDA and chlorophyll, and their great changes took place in young leaves. These results indicated that CPT and HCPT were involved in the C acuminata resistance against heat shock from its environment. Furthermore, plant rigidly observed the cost-benefit principle and mobilized and allocated limited alkaloid sources to young and reproductive tissues preferentially. In addition, HCPT displayed well-regulated changes during incubation at sublethal temperature, and this indicated that HCPT might play a more positively defensive role in enhancement of plant thermotolerance than CPT does.
基金This paper was supported by the Heilongjiang Province Foundation for Distinguished Youth Scholars (JC-02-11)
文摘Camptotheca acuminata seeds were sown in sterilized sands in the greenhouse in February of 2005. After 90-day growth, seedlings were inoculated with three species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF）, Acaulospora mellea, Glomus diaphanum and Sclerocystis sinuosa.. The height, biomass, and absorptions of nitrogen and phosphorus of C. acuminata seedlings inoculated with AMF were investigated. The results showed that the formation of AM promoted the height growth and biomass accumulation of seedlings significantly and improved the absorption of phosphorus in seedlings. The height and biomass of mycorrhizal seedlings were 1.2 and 1.6 times higher than those of the non-mycorrhizal seedlings. The absorption of nitrogen was less influenced by the formation of AM. The nitrogen content in mycorrhizal seedling was equal to that of non-mycorrhizal seedlings. Compared with non-mycorrhizal seedlings, the nitrogen content of mycorrhizal seedlings inoculated with A. mellea changed considerably in the root, stem and leaves. The difference in nitrogen content was not significant between mycorrhizal seedlings inoculated with G. diaphanum and S. sinuosa. The AM formation stimulated the absorption of phosphorus, especially in roots, and also changed the allocation of nitrogen and phosphorus in different organs of seedlings. Compared with non-mycorrhizal seedlings, the ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus in mycorrhizal roots increased, but reduced in stem and leaves.
文摘Camptothecine （CPT） and hydroxycamptothecin （HCPT）, two kinds of anti-cancer alkaloids, were extracted from Camptotheca acuminata leaves using homogenate extraction technology under different conditions such as the ratio of material to liquid, ethanol concentration, and homogenate time. The optimum technology parameters for homogenate extraction of CPT and HCPT from C acuminata leaves were determined as homogenate time at 8 rain, ethanol concentration at 55% and the ratio of material to liquid at 1：15 （g：mL）. By using the optimized parameters, we obtained 0.639‰ extraction rate for CPT and 0.437‰ for HCPT. The extraction yields of CPT and HCPT extracted by homogenating technology were higher than those by other extractive methods, such as ultrasonic, reflux, shaking in water bath. It is concluded that the homogenate extraction technology was an efficient method for extracting CPT and HCPT from C acuminata leaves, with characteristics of less extraction time and high yield.
基金This paper was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30070086).
文摘The determination method of 10-hydroxycamptothecin in Camptotheca acuminata fruits by high-performance liquid chromatogram (HPLC) was studied. The HPLC analysis was performed on a HIQ sil C18(4.6×250 mm) column with mobile phase of acetonitrilewater (3:7, V:V), flow rate 1 mLmin-1 and UV detective wavelength 266 nm. Extracting 10-hydroxycamptothecin by ultrasonic method from fruits of C. acuminata to prepare samples for analysis was systematically discussed. The optimal extraction condition was carried out by 60% alcohol solution at 60℃ for 50 minutes.
文摘Nitrate reductase activity (NRA) in different plant organs and leaves in different positions of Camptotheca acuminata seedlings was determined by an In vivo assay, the diurnal variation rhythm of NRA in leaves of different positions was observed,and the correlations between leaf NRA, leaf area and lamina mass per unit area (LMA) were also examined. The results showed that NRA in the leaf was significantly highest, compared with that in other organs such as roots, stems and leaves. In this experiment, the 10 leaves were selected from the apex to the base of the seedlings in order. The different NRA occurred obviously in leaves of different positions of C. acuminata seedlings from the apex to the base, and NRA was higher in the 4th-6th leaves.The diurnal change rhythm of leaf NRA showed a one peak curve, and maximum NRA value appeared at about midday (at 12:30 or so). No obvious correlations between NRA and leaf area or lamina mass per unit area were observed. This study offered scientific foundation for the further research on nitrogen metabolism of C. acuminata.
文摘Objective: To study the immunological mechanisms ofCondyloma acuminata(CA) through investigating Tlymphocyte subset levels and cytokine profile in theperipheral blood of patients with CondylomaAcuminata. Methods: Tricolor and bicolor immunofluorescentstaining antibody of cell surface antigen and intracel-lular IL-2, IL-4, IL-12, IFN-Y in CD4^+ and CD8^+ T-lymphocytes from 20 patients with CA were performedand followed by flow cytometry. Results: The number of CD3^+T, CD4^+T-lymphocytescells and CD4^+/CD8^+T cells ratio were significantlydecreased(P<0.01) in patients with CA Compared tocontrols, and IL-2, IL-12, IFN-γ production in CD4^+Tcells was decreased(P<0.01), IL-4 and IFN-γ produc-tion in CD4^+T cells was not significantly different (P>0.05), while IL-2 and IL-12 production in CD8^+Tc cellswas decreased (P<0.01), whereas IFN-γ and IL-4 pro-ducing in CD4^+T cells were of no significantlydifference(P>0.05). Conclusions: There was an imbalance of T lympho-cyte subsets, Th1/Th2 cytokines and Tc1/Tc2 in theperipheral blood of CA patients, which may play animportant role in the pathogenesis and progression ofCA.
文摘In order to investigate the correlation between the expression of the apoptotic regulatory proteins (Fas, Bcl 2) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLC) and the level of IFN γ and IL 4 in serum of the patients with condyloma acuminata (CA) in the immune pathogenesis of CA, indirect immunofluorescence labeling method of flow cytometer and solid sandwich ELISA method were performed for detecting the expression of Fas, Bcl 2 in PBLC and the level of IFN γ and IL 4 in serum of 60 cases of CA. The results showed the expression level of Fas in PBLC of CA was significantly higher than in the normal control group, but the expression level of Bcl 2 was significantly lower (both P< 0.01). The level of IFN γ in serum of CA was significantly lower than in the normal control group ( P< 0.01), but IL 4 was significantly lower (both P< 0.01). The expression of Fas in PBLC had a negative correlation with the level of IFN γ in serum of patients with CA, but had a positive correlation with the level of IL 4; The expression of Bcl 2 had a positive correlation with the level of IFN γ, but had a negative correlation with the level of IL 4. All the correlation coefficients had significant differerce by t test ( P< 0.01). It was suggested abnormal apoptosis in PBLC, the suppressed secretion of the THl associated cytokines (eg: IFN γ) and the increased secretion of the TH2 asssociated cytokines (eg: IL 4) existed in the patients with CA and might play an important role in the immune pathogenesis of CA.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFC1711100)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS,No.2016-I2M-3-016)。
文摘Camptotheca acuminata produces camptothecin(CPT),a monoterpene indole alkaloid(MIA)that is widely used in the treatment of lung,colorectal,cervical,and ovarian cancers.Its biosynthesis pathway has attracted significant attention,but the regulation of CPT biosynthesis by the APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor(AP2/ERF)transcription factors(TFs)remains unclear.In this study,a systematic analysis of the AP2/ERF TFs family in C.acuminata was performed,including phylogeny,gene structure,conserved motifs,and gene expression profiles in different tissues and organs(immature bark,cotyledons,young flower,immature fruit,mature fruit,mature leaf,roots,upper stem,and lower stem)of C.acuminata.A total of 198 AP2/ERF genes were identified and divided into five relatively conserved subfamilies,including AP2(26 genes),DREB(61 genes),ERF(92 genes),RAV(18 genes),and Soloist(one gene).The combination of gene expression patterns in different C.acuminata tissues and organs,the phylogenetic tree,the co-expression analysis with biosynthetic genes,and the analysis of promoter sequences of key enzymes genes involved in CPT biosynthesis pathways revealed that eight AP2/ERF TFs in C.acuminata might be involved in CPT synthesis regulation,which exhibit relatively high expression levels in the upper stem or immature bark.Among these,four genes(Cac AP2/ERF123,Cac AP2/ERF125,Cac AP2/ERF126,and Cac AP2/ERF127)belong to the ERF–B2 subgroup;two genes(Cac AP2/ERF149 and Cac AP2/ERF152)belong to the ERF–B3 subgroup;and two more genes(Cac AP2/ERF095 and Cac AP2/ERF096)belong to the DREB–A6 subgroup.These results provide a foundation for future functional characterization of the AP2/ERF genes to enhance the biosynthesis of CPT compounds of C.acuminata.
文摘Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy （PDT） with topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid （ALA） on cervical condylomata acuminata. Methods Patients with cervical condylomata （n=30） were allocated into primary and recurrent group, and were given topical ALA under occlusive dressing for 3 hours followed by irradiation with semiconductor laser at a dose of 100 Jcm 2 and a power of 100 roW. The treatment was repeated 7 days later if the lesion was not completely removed after the first treatment. Complete response rate and recurrence rate of wart lesions as well as rate of adverse reaction were analyzed. Results The total complete response rate of PDT was 100% and the total recurrence rate was 5% after 3 months of follow-up. Recurrence rate of recurrent group was significantly lower than that of prior managements （100%, P〈0.01）. The side effects of PDT in patients mainly included mild burning and/or stinging restricted to the illuminated areas, and was significant lower than their own control （25% vs. 100%, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Compared with conventional therapies, topical application of ALA-PDT is a simple, effective, safe, well-tolerated, and low recurrence rate treatment for cervical condylomata acuminata.
基金教育部重点项目，Application Fund of Agricultural Research Production
文摘Axillary buds from 3-yr.-old seedlings of Camptotheca acuminata in the greenhouse were cultured on the different basal media with different concentrations of growth regulators for shoot regeneration for studying the effects of different basal media, different concen- trations of growth regulators (BA or TDZ), sucrose, agar and pH value on shoot regeneration from axillary bud. The results showed that B5 and WPM media were the optimal basal media and the optimal phyotohormone was BA of 1.0 mg/L or TDZ of 0.1mg/L; The concentrations of sucrose of 30g/L and agar of 6g/L were most suitable for the shoot regeneration; pH value from 5.8 to 6.6 were broadly effective, but the best at pH 5.8.
基金This paper was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.3970086) and Heilongjiang Province Foundation for Distinguished Youth Scholars (JC-02-11)
文摘C. acuminata seedlings cultivated in greenhouse were transplanted into the fields with 5 designed planting densities (11, 16, 25,44 and 100 plants·m^-2) in May of 2004 and were harvested in the middle of September of 2004. The seedling growth indexes including plant height and crown width, biomass allocation, camptothecin (CPT) content and CPT yield of different organs (young leaf, old leaf, stem,and root) were studied. For the 5 selected planting densities, the plant biomass, height, crown width, and total leaf area of C. acuminata seedlings all showed highest values at the planting density of 25 plants ·m^-2. CPT content in young leaves was higher than that in other organs of seedlings and presented an obvious change with the variation of planting densities and with the highest value at density of 100plants·m-2, while for other organs no significant variation in CPT content was found with change of planting density. The accumulation of CPT was enhanced significantly at the planting density of 25 plants·m^-2. It is concluded that for the purpose to get raw materials with more CPT from C. acuminata, the optimal planting density of C. acuminata seedlings should be designed as 25 plants·m^-2.
