Activity based costing (ABC) is a method which can solve many limitations of the traditional cost systems in manufacturing management. In this paper, we investigate how to integrate ABC with workflow technology, and ...Activity based costing (ABC) is a method which can solve many limitations of the traditional cost systems in manufacturing management. In this paper, we investigate how to integrate ABC with workflow technology, and build a workflow meta model supporting ABC. Firstly, the concept and concept model of activity based costing (ABC) are introduced. Next, the meta model of P -PROCE (Process, Product, Resource, Organization, and Cost & Evaluation) is presented. Then the cost meta model is defined by adding ABC to P -PROCE model. Object constraint language (OCL) is used to express meta model and constraints. Finally, we show an enterprise modeling and simulation tool based on the workflow meta model. We can systematically construct an enterprise model and easily and efficiently conduct simulation. Moreover it enables us to analyze and evaluate business processes and its costs.展开更多
The study examines the extent of adoption of Activity Based Costing （ABC） among naanufacturing companies in Nigeria. The primary data were sourced through questionnaires administered to the Management Accountants of...The study examines the extent of adoption of Activity Based Costing （ABC） among naanufacturing companies in Nigeria. The primary data were sourced through questionnaires administered to the Management Accountants of 40 selected manufacturing companies in South Western part of Nigeria. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze the data. The study reveals that inability of the traditional cost systems to provide relevant cost was the most highly ranked reason in their decision to adopt ABC. Traditional methods of allocating overhead were therefore believed to be deficient in terms of improving global competitiveness. Also, 60% of the respondents have adopted ABC due to increased ranges of products, competition and increased overhead. Familiarity with and adoption of ABC was found to be across the manufacturing, more than half of the sample are familiar with it. The 40% of respondents who have not adopted ABC cited the cost and complexity involved with implementation as the main reason in non-adoption. However, cost of implementing ABC was enormous which hinder the small scale manufacturing from adopting it. This result may reflect the fact that larger firms are more likely to have the diverse mix of products or services that makes the use of ABC advantages. Consequently, the study recommends that the companies who have not adopted ABC because of its high cost of implementation should endeavor to consider its adoption because in the long run the benefits derive from it will outweigh its cost. It helps to identify inefficient products, departments and activities and helps to allocate more resources on profitable products. In conclusion, the senior management should also give their utmost support to the implementation and success of ABC.展开更多
As plant develops, many industries＇ automatic level is very high leading to the increasing of indirect cost. Traditional costing methods, which use single standard of distributing indirect cost, cannot calculate cus-...As plant develops, many industries＇ automatic level is very high leading to the increasing of indirect cost. Traditional costing methods, which use single standard of distributing indirect cost, cannot calculate cus- tomer cost accurately and satisfy managers any more. This paper is aimed on solving the aforesaid problem. In this paper we propose the thought of evaluating customer cost by using activity based costing（ABC） and the tra- ditional model of customer lifetime value（CLV） to improve the CLV model, then analyze the difference of using both models through an empirical study. As a result, ABC can account customer cost more accurately so that the CLV can help managers evaluate customer more effectively.展开更多
In order to find out the applicability of the optimal pricing decision model based on conventional cost behavior model after activity based costing has given strong shock to the conventional cost behavior model and it...In order to find out the applicability of the optimal pricing decision model based on conventional cost behavior model after activity based costing has given strong shock to the conventional cost behavior model and its assumptions, detailed analyses have been made using the activity based cost behavior and cost volume profit analysis model, and it is concluded from these analyses that the theory behind the construction of optimal pricing decision model is still tenable under activity based costing, but the conventional optimal pricing decision model must be modified as appropriate to the activity based costing based cost behavior model and cost volume profit analysis model, and an optimal pricing decision model is really a product pricing decision model constructed by following the economic principle of maximizing profit.展开更多
Along with the product price competition growing intensely, it is apparently important for reasonably distributing and counting cost. But, in sharing indirect cost, traditional cost accounting unveils the limitations ...Along with the product price competition growing intensely, it is apparently important for reasonably distributing and counting cost. But, in sharing indirect cost, traditional cost accounting unveils the limitations increasingly, especially in authenticity of cost information. And the accounting theory circles and industry circles begin seeking one kind of new accurate cost calculation method, and the activity based cost (ABC) method emerges as the times require. In this paper, we will build its mathematical model by the basic principle of ABC, and will improve its mathematical model further. We will establish its comparison mathematical model and make the ABC method go a step further to its practical application.展开更多
The electric power enterprise is an important basic energy industry for national development,and it is also the first basic industry of the national economy.With the continuous expansion of State Grid,the progressivel...The electric power enterprise is an important basic energy industry for national development,and it is also the first basic industry of the national economy.With the continuous expansion of State Grid,the progressively complex operating conditions,and the increasing scope and frequency of data collection,how to make reasonable use of electrical big data,improve utilization,and provide a theoretical basis for the reliability of State Grid operation,has become a new research hot spot.Since electrical data has the characteristics of large volume,multiple types,low-value density,and fast processing speed,it is a challenge to mine and analyze it deeply,extract valuable information efficiently,and serve for the actual problem.According to the features of these data,this paper uses artificial intelligence methods such as time series and support vector regression to establish a data mining network model for standard cost prediction through transfer learning.The experimental results show that the model in this paper obtains better prediction results on a small sample data set,which verifies the feasibility of the deep transfer model.Compared with activity-based costing and the traditional prediction method,the average absolute error of the proposed method is reduced by 10%,which is effective and superior.展开更多
New series of pyrazolo[1,5-α]pyrimidine derivatives 7a-i,11a-c and Schiff bases 13a-c were synthesized and screened for their in vitro antitumor activity against three human carcinoma cell lines,namely colorectal car...New series of pyrazolo[1,5-α]pyrimidine derivatives 7a-i,11a-c and Schiff bases 13a-c were synthesized and screened for their in vitro antitumor activity against three human carcinoma cell lines,namely colorectal carcinoma（HCT116）,prostate adenocarcinoma（PC-3） and liver carcinoma（HepG-2） using MTT cytotoxicity assay at 100 μg/mL.Some of the tested compounds displayed good anticancer activities against HCT-116 and PC-3 cells.Whereas,compounds 7d and 11 a showed better antitumor activity than the rest of the compounds against both cell lines.A structure-activity relationship（SAR） has been discussed and structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by different spectral data（MS,IR,^1H NMR and ^13C NMR） and elemental analysis.展开更多
A new series of benzothiazole Schiff bases 3–29 was synthesized and screened for antitumor activity against cervical cancer（Hela） and kidney fibroblast cancer（COS-7） cell lines. Results indicated that compounds 3...A new series of benzothiazole Schiff bases 3–29 was synthesized and screened for antitumor activity against cervical cancer（Hela） and kidney fibroblast cancer（COS-7） cell lines. Results indicated that compounds 3, 14, 19, 27 and 28 have promising activity against Hela cell line with IC50 values of 2.41,3.06, 6.46, 2.22 and 6.25 mmol/L, respectively, in comparison to doxorubicin as a reference antitumor agent（IC50 2.05 mmol/L）. In addition, compound 3 displayed excellent activity against COS-7 cell line with IC50 value of 4.31 mmol/L in comparison to doxorubicin（IC50 3.04 mmol/L）. In the present work,structure based pharmacophore mapping, molecular docking, protein-ligand interaction, fingerprints and binding energy calculations were employed in a virtual screening strategy to identify the interaction between the compounds and the active site of the putative target, EGFR tyrosine kinase. Molecular properties, toxicity, drug-likeness, and drug score profiles of compounds 3, 14, 19, 27, 28 and 29 were also assessed.展开更多
High efficiency, stable organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs） based on 2-pheyl-4＇-carbazole-9-H-Thioxanthen-9- one-10, 10-dioxide （TXO-PhCz） with different doping concentration are constructed. The stability of t...High efficiency, stable organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs） based on 2-pheyl-4＇-carbazole-9-H-Thioxanthen-9- one-10, 10-dioxide （TXO-PhCz） with different doping concentration are constructed. The stability of the encap- sulated devices are investigated in detail. The devices with the 10 wt% doped TXO-PhCz emitter layer （EML） show the best performance with a current efficiency of 52.1 cd/A, a power efficiency of 32.71re^W, and an external quantum efficiency （EQE） of 17.7%. The devices based on the lOwt%-doped TXO-PhCz EML show the best operational stability with a half-life time （LTSO） of 8Oh, which is 8 h longer than that of the reference devices based on fac-tris（2-phenylpyridinato）iridium（ Ⅲ） （Ir（ppy）a）. These indicate excellent stability of TXO-PhCz for redox and oxidation processes under electrical excitation and TXO-PhCz can be potentially used as the emitters for OLEDs with high efficiency and excellent stability. The high-performance device based on TXO-PhCz with high stability can be further improved by the optimization of the encapsulation technology and the development of a new host for TXO-PhCz.展开更多
The novel Schiff base（E）-3-chloro-2-（2-（2-methylbenzylidene）hydrazinyl）pyridine was synthesized and characterized by ^1H NMR, MS, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in monoclinic...The novel Schiff base（E）-3-chloro-2-（2-（2-methylbenzylidene）hydrazinyl）pyridine was synthesized and characterized by ^1H NMR, MS, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in monoclinic space group Pbca with a = 14.6638（3）, b = 7.7522（2）, c = 20.3850（4） A, V = 2317.30（9） A^3, Z = 8, R = 0.063 and w R = 0.1922. The title compound exhibits good antifungal activity against Stemphylium lycopersici（Enjoji） Yamamoto and Fusarium oxysporum sp. cucumebrium.展开更多
Gram‐negative bacteria are particularly prone to developing antimicrobial resistance(AMR),as evidenced by the WHO's ESKAPEE list of high‐priority pathogens.One strategy that has increased is the use of antibioti...Gram‐negative bacteria are particularly prone to developing antimicrobial resistance(AMR),as evidenced by the WHO's ESKAPEE list of high‐priority pathogens.One strategy that has increased is the use of antibiotic enhancers,which can reempower abandoned or poorly active antibiotics against the resistant strain of interest.In this study,the polyamino‐isoprenyl antibiotic enhancer,NV716,was tested in combination with two families of multi‐target Ser/Cys‐based enzyme inhibitors,the oxadiazolone derivatives(OX)and the Cyclipostins and Cyclophostin analogs(CyC),which are inactive against Gram‐negative ESKAPEE bacteria,to potentiate their antibacterial activity and thus make them active against these bacteria.We demonstrated that NV716 potentiates some OX and CyC compounds by permeabilizing the outer membrane and thus by increasing the inhibitor accumulation,as shown by fluorescence microscopy.By using the click‐chemistry activity‐based protein profiling(ABPP)approach coupled with proteomic analysis,we also confirmed the multi‐target nature of the best OX and CyC inhibitors by identifying their target proteins on a bacterial culture of Enterobacter cloacae.Remarkably,a large set of these identified proteins had already been captured in previous ABPP experiments conducted on Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or Mycobacterium abscessus culture.Furthermore,we showed that five of the identified target proteins were present in a total lysate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Importantly,these latter enzymes are highly conserved among Gram‐negative bacteria,with two of them annotated as essential for bacterial survival.These results provide proof of concept that both OX and CyC,if successfully potentiated,could be used against ESKAPEE Gram‐negative bacteria.展开更多
Stop frequency models, as one of the elements of activity based models, represent an important part of travel behavior. Unobserved heterogeneity across the travelers should be taken into consideration to prevent biase...Stop frequency models, as one of the elements of activity based models, represent an important part of travel behavior. Unobserved heterogeneity across the travelers should be taken into consideration to prevent biasedness and inconsistency in the estimated parameters in the stop frequency models. Additionally, previous studies on the stop frequency have mostly been done in larger metropolitan areas and less attention has been paid to the areas with less population. This study addresses these gaps by using 2012 travel data from a medium sized U.S. urban area using the work tour for the case study. Stop in the work tour were classified into three groups of outbound leg, work based subtour, and inbound leg of the commutes. Latent Class Poisson Regression Models were used to analyze the data. The results indicate the presence of heterogeneity across the commuters. Using latent class models significantly improves the predictive power of the models compared to regular one class Poisson regression models. In contrast to one class Poisson models, gender becomes insignificant in predicting the number of tours when unobserved heterogeneity is accounted for. The commuters are associated with increased stops on their work based subtour when the employment density of service-related occupations increases in their work zone, but employment density of retail employment does not significantly contribute to the stop making likelihood of the commuters. Additionally, an increase in the number of work tours was associated with fewer stops on the inbound leg of the commute. The results of this study suggest the consideration of unobserved heterogeneity in the stop frequency models and help transportation agencies and policy makers make better inferences from such models.展开更多
The rapid development of digital world has provided modern organisations with challenges and opportunities at the same time.Especially,the use of advanced technology such as internet well improves transparency of many...The rapid development of digital world has provided modern organisations with challenges and opportunities at the same time.Especially,the use of advanced technology such as internet well improves transparency of many organisations.However,this also brings volatility and uncertainty to an organisation’s business environment,thereby leading to a more complex and time-consuming decision-making process.To solve this problem,two management accounting techniques,ABC System and BSC,have accordingly been adopted by many managers.In this article,the purpose is to briefly discuss some of the challenges faced by organisations;and then,the two initiative management methods are well explained individually with reference to appropriate examples.展开更多
Maintainability prediction is one kind of primary maintainability action. Design deficiency would be found through predicting maintainability parameters under certain conditions. Now a maintainability prediction metho...Maintainability prediction is one kind of primary maintainability action. Design deficiency would be found through predicting maintainability parameters under certain conditions. Now a maintainability prediction method that mainly considers maintenance time or maintenance man hour is a kind of prediction method with a single index. With increasing product complexity and people's environmental consciousness, more attention is paid to environment impacts and maintenance cost or resource consumption in the maintenance process. It is necessary for a maintainability prediction method that can predict maintenance cost and maintenance environmental impacts. A new maintainability prediction method is presented in this paper based on analyzing existing maintainability prediction methods. The method is MABTCE(maintenance activity based timing/costing/environment impact assessment) and can predict maintenance time, maintenance costing and maintenance environmental impacts and then improve maintainability design with prediction results.展开更多
Organophosphorus pesticides （OPs） are one of the most regular pollutants and frequently detected in the contaminated sites, so developing an efficient method for the treatment of OPs is highly required. The aim of t...Organophosphorus pesticides （OPs） are one of the most regular pollutants and frequently detected in the contaminated sites, so developing an efficient method for the treatment of OPs is highly required. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of persulfate （PS） activation and Fenton reaction in remediating the soil polluted with OPs. The polluted soil used in this study was sampled from an abandoned insecticide factory in Nantong, Jiangsu Province of China, mainly containing chloropyrifos （CP） and 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol （BCP, the raw material of profenofos） with total concentration of about 30 000 mg kg- 1. The results showed that both BCP and CP were efficiently degraded by base activation of PS, and increasing the ratio of NaOH/PS enhanced CP degradation, but slightly decreased BCP degradation. The greatest degradation rates for CP and BCP were 92% and 97%, respectively, with 7.0 tool L-1 NaOH and 0.21 tool L-1 PS and a soil-to-liquid ratio of 1：1. Furthermore, ferrous iron activation of PS also degraded BCP efficiently, but only 60% of CP was degraded under the same reaction conditions. These results indicated that base activation of PS was more feasible than Fe2＋ activation and Fenton reaction in remediating the soil polluted with OPs. The high degradation rate for CP may be linked to the initial hydrolyzation of CP by base to 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, which can be further rapidly degraded by free radicals generated from base activation of PS.展开更多
An activated carbon with ash content less than 10% and specific surface area more than 1 600 m 2 /g was prepared from coal and the effect of K containing compounds in preparation of coal based activated carbon was inv...An activated carbon with ash content less than 10% and specific surface area more than 1 600 m 2 /g was prepared from coal and the effect of K containing compounds in preparation of coal based activated carbon was investigated in detail in this paper. KOH was used in co carbonization with coal, changes in graphitic crystallites in chars derived from carbonization of coal with and without KOH were analyzed by X ray diffraction (XRD) technique, activation rates of chars with different contents of K containing compounds were deduced, and resulting activated carbons were characterized by nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77 K and iodine numbers. The results showed that the addition of KOH to the coal before carbonization can realize the intensive removal of inorganic matters from chars under mild conditions, especially the efficient removal of dispersive quartz, an extremely difficult separated mineral component in other processes else. Apart from this, KOH demonstrates a favorable effect in control over coal carbonization with the goal to form nongraphitizable isotropic carbon precursor, which is a necessary prerequisite for the formation and development of micro pores. However, the K containing compounds such as K 2 CO 3 and K 2 O remaining in chars after carbonization catalyze the reaction between carbon and steam in activation, which leads to the formation of macro pores. In the end an innovative method, in which KOH is added to coal before carbonization and K containing compounds are removed by acid washing after carbonization, was proposed for the synthesis of quality coal based activated carbon.展开更多
Heterogeneous cellular networks(HCNs), by introducing caching capability, has been considered as a promising technique in 5 G era, which can bring contents closer to users to reduce the transmission delay, save scarce...Heterogeneous cellular networks(HCNs), by introducing caching capability, has been considered as a promising technique in 5 G era, which can bring contents closer to users to reduce the transmission delay, save scarce bandwidth resource. Although many works have been done for caching in HCNs, from an energy perspective, there still exists much space to develop a more energy-efficient system when considering the fact that the majority of base stations are under-utilized in the most of the time. Therefore, in this paper, by taking the activation mechanism for the base stations into account, we study a joint caching and activation mechanism design to further improve the energy efficiency, then we formulate the optimization problem as an Integer Linear Programming problem(ILP) to maximize the system energy saving. Due to the enormous computation complexity for finding the optimal solution, we introduced a Quantum-inspired Evolutionary Algorithm(QEA) to iteratively provide the global best solution. Numerical results show that our proposed algorithm presents an excellent performance, which is far better than the strategy of only considering caching without deactivation mechanism in the actual, normal situation. We also provide performance comparison amongour QEA, random sleeping algorithm and greedy algorithm, numerical results illustrate our introduced QEA performs best in accuracy and global optimality.展开更多
p-Menthane type monoterpene derivatives were identified as bio-based compounds with high herbicidal activities. In order to search novel p-menthane type monoterpene derivatives in good performance, a series of novel c...p-Menthane type monoterpene derivatives were identified as bio-based compounds with high herbicidal activities. In order to search novel p-menthane type monoterpene derivatives in good performance, a series of novel cis-p-menthane type Schiff base derivatives were designed and synthesized. All target products were easily available novel compounds and characterized by FT-IR,^1H NMR,^13 C NMR and ESI＋-MS. Their pre-emergence herbicidal activities against annual ryegrass were evaluated. The bioassays indicated that most of the target compounds displayed excellent herbicidal activities in pre-emergence treatment.展开更多
Coarsening behavior of γ＇ precipitates in the dendritic regions of a Ni 3 Al base alloy containing chromium,molybdenum,zirconium and boron was investigated.Annealing treatment was performed up to 50 h at 900,1000 an...Coarsening behavior of γ＇ precipitates in the dendritic regions of a Ni 3 Al base alloy containing chromium,molybdenum,zirconium and boron was investigated.Annealing treatment was performed up to 50 h at 900,1000 and 1100℃.The alloy was produced by vacuum-arc remelting technique.Results show that coarsening of the γ＇ precipitates in this complex alloy containing high volume fractions of γ＇ phase follows Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner（LSW） theory.Coarsening activation energy of the γ＇ precipitates was evaluated to be about 253.5 kJ.mol-1 which shows that the growth phenomenon is controlled by volume diffusion of aluminum.With an innovative approach,diffusion coefficient of the solute element（s） and the interfacial energy between γ＇ precipitates and γ＇（matrix） were estimated at 900,1000 and 1100℃.Accordingly,the interfacial energies at 900,1000 and 1100℃ are 4.49±1.48,2.08±0.69 and 0.98±0.32 mJ.m-2,respectively.Also the diffusivities of solute element（s） at these temperatures are 3.41±1.08,30±9.5 and 145.15±45.85（10-15 m-2.s-1）,respectively.展开更多
文摘Activity based costing (ABC) is a method which can solve many limitations of the traditional cost systems in manufacturing management. In this paper, we investigate how to integrate ABC with workflow technology, and build a workflow meta model supporting ABC. Firstly, the concept and concept model of activity based costing (ABC) are introduced. Next, the meta model of P -PROCE (Process, Product, Resource, Organization, and Cost & Evaluation) is presented. Then the cost meta model is defined by adding ABC to P -PROCE model. Object constraint language (OCL) is used to express meta model and constraints. Finally, we show an enterprise modeling and simulation tool based on the workflow meta model. We can systematically construct an enterprise model and easily and efficiently conduct simulation. Moreover it enables us to analyze and evaluate business processes and its costs.
文摘The study examines the extent of adoption of Activity Based Costing （ABC） among naanufacturing companies in Nigeria. The primary data were sourced through questionnaires administered to the Management Accountants of 40 selected manufacturing companies in South Western part of Nigeria. Descriptive statistics was employed to analyze the data. The study reveals that inability of the traditional cost systems to provide relevant cost was the most highly ranked reason in their decision to adopt ABC. Traditional methods of allocating overhead were therefore believed to be deficient in terms of improving global competitiveness. Also, 60% of the respondents have adopted ABC due to increased ranges of products, competition and increased overhead. Familiarity with and adoption of ABC was found to be across the manufacturing, more than half of the sample are familiar with it. The 40% of respondents who have not adopted ABC cited the cost and complexity involved with implementation as the main reason in non-adoption. However, cost of implementing ABC was enormous which hinder the small scale manufacturing from adopting it. This result may reflect the fact that larger firms are more likely to have the diverse mix of products or services that makes the use of ABC advantages. Consequently, the study recommends that the companies who have not adopted ABC because of its high cost of implementation should endeavor to consider its adoption because in the long run the benefits derive from it will outweigh its cost. It helps to identify inefficient products, departments and activities and helps to allocate more resources on profitable products. In conclusion, the senior management should also give their utmost support to the implementation and success of ABC.
基金supported by National Natural Science Fund under Grant No.71201125National Social Science Fund under Grant No.09CJY038+2 种基金General Humanities Social Science Research Program of Ministry of Education under Grant No.10XJC630002Project of Soft Science of Shaanxi Province under Grant No.2009KRM073Humanities Social Science and Management Perking Fund of Northwest Polytechnical University under Grant No.RW201208
文摘As plant develops, many industries＇ automatic level is very high leading to the increasing of indirect cost. Traditional costing methods, which use single standard of distributing indirect cost, cannot calculate cus- tomer cost accurately and satisfy managers any more. This paper is aimed on solving the aforesaid problem. In this paper we propose the thought of evaluating customer cost by using activity based costing（ABC） and the tra- ditional model of customer lifetime value（CLV） to improve the CLV model, then analyze the difference of using both models through an empirical study. As a result, ABC can account customer cost more accurately so that the CLV can help managers evaluate customer more effectively.
文摘In order to find out the applicability of the optimal pricing decision model based on conventional cost behavior model after activity based costing has given strong shock to the conventional cost behavior model and its assumptions, detailed analyses have been made using the activity based cost behavior and cost volume profit analysis model, and it is concluded from these analyses that the theory behind the construction of optimal pricing decision model is still tenable under activity based costing, but the conventional optimal pricing decision model must be modified as appropriate to the activity based costing based cost behavior model and cost volume profit analysis model, and an optimal pricing decision model is really a product pricing decision model constructed by following the economic principle of maximizing profit.
文摘Along with the product price competition growing intensely, it is apparently important for reasonably distributing and counting cost. But, in sharing indirect cost, traditional cost accounting unveils the limitations increasingly, especially in authenticity of cost information. And the accounting theory circles and industry circles begin seeking one kind of new accurate cost calculation method, and the activity based cost (ABC) method emerges as the times require. In this paper, we will build its mathematical model by the basic principle of ABC, and will improve its mathematical model further. We will establish its comparison mathematical model and make the ABC method go a step further to its practical application.
基金Supported by the program of science and technology of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,named Research and application project of standard cost activity based on machine learning(5211JH1900LZ).
文摘The electric power enterprise is an important basic energy industry for national development,and it is also the first basic industry of the national economy.With the continuous expansion of State Grid,the progressively complex operating conditions,and the increasing scope and frequency of data collection,how to make reasonable use of electrical big data,improve utilization,and provide a theoretical basis for the reliability of State Grid operation,has become a new research hot spot.Since electrical data has the characteristics of large volume,multiple types,low-value density,and fast processing speed,it is a challenge to mine and analyze it deeply,extract valuable information efficiently,and serve for the actual problem.According to the features of these data,this paper uses artificial intelligence methods such as time series and support vector regression to establish a data mining network model for standard cost prediction through transfer learning.The experimental results show that the model in this paper obtains better prediction results on a small sample data set,which verifies the feasibility of the deep transfer model.Compared with activity-based costing and the traditional prediction method,the average absolute error of the proposed method is reduced by 10%,which is effective and superior.
文摘New series of pyrazolo[1,5-α]pyrimidine derivatives 7a-i,11a-c and Schiff bases 13a-c were synthesized and screened for their in vitro antitumor activity against three human carcinoma cell lines,namely colorectal carcinoma（HCT116）,prostate adenocarcinoma（PC-3） and liver carcinoma（HepG-2） using MTT cytotoxicity assay at 100 μg/mL.Some of the tested compounds displayed good anticancer activities against HCT-116 and PC-3 cells.Whereas,compounds 7d and 11 a showed better antitumor activity than the rest of the compounds against both cell lines.A structure-activity relationship（SAR） has been discussed and structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by different spectral data（MS,IR,^1H NMR and ^13C NMR） and elemental analysis.
文摘A new series of benzothiazole Schiff bases 3–29 was synthesized and screened for antitumor activity against cervical cancer（Hela） and kidney fibroblast cancer（COS-7） cell lines. Results indicated that compounds 3, 14, 19, 27 and 28 have promising activity against Hela cell line with IC50 values of 2.41,3.06, 6.46, 2.22 and 6.25 mmol/L, respectively, in comparison to doxorubicin as a reference antitumor agent（IC50 2.05 mmol/L）. In addition, compound 3 displayed excellent activity against COS-7 cell line with IC50 value of 4.31 mmol/L in comparison to doxorubicin（IC50 3.04 mmol/L）. In the present work,structure based pharmacophore mapping, molecular docking, protein-ligand interaction, fingerprints and binding energy calculations were employed in a virtual screening strategy to identify the interaction between the compounds and the active site of the putative target, EGFR tyrosine kinase. Molecular properties, toxicity, drug-likeness, and drug score profiles of compounds 3, 14, 19, 27, 28 and 29 were also assessed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 61420106002,51373189,61178061,and 61227008the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2014CB932600the Start-Up Fund of the Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘High efficiency, stable organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs） based on 2-pheyl-4＇-carbazole-9-H-Thioxanthen-9- one-10, 10-dioxide （TXO-PhCz） with different doping concentration are constructed. The stability of the encap- sulated devices are investigated in detail. The devices with the 10 wt% doped TXO-PhCz emitter layer （EML） show the best performance with a current efficiency of 52.1 cd/A, a power efficiency of 32.71re^W, and an external quantum efficiency （EQE） of 17.7%. The devices based on the lOwt%-doped TXO-PhCz EML show the best operational stability with a half-life time （LTSO） of 8Oh, which is 8 h longer than that of the reference devices based on fac-tris（2-phenylpyridinato）iridium（ Ⅲ） （Ir（ppy）a）. These indicate excellent stability of TXO-PhCz for redox and oxidation processes under electrical excitation and TXO-PhCz can be potentially used as the emitters for OLEDs with high efficiency and excellent stability. The high-performance device based on TXO-PhCz with high stability can be further improved by the optimization of the encapsulation technology and the development of a new host for TXO-PhCz.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY16C140007)the public program of Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province(2014C31127,2013C32SA700134)the program of Science and Technology of Jiangsu Province(BY2014108-14)
文摘The novel Schiff base（E）-3-chloro-2-（2-（2-methylbenzylidene）hydrazinyl）pyridine was synthesized and characterized by ^1H NMR, MS, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. The compound crystallizes in monoclinic space group Pbca with a = 14.6638（3）, b = 7.7522（2）, c = 20.3850（4） A, V = 2317.30（9） A^3, Z = 8, R = 0.063 and w R = 0.1922. The title compound exhibits good antifungal activity against Stemphylium lycopersici（Enjoji） Yamamoto and Fusarium oxysporum sp. cucumebrium.
基金supported by the CNRS,INSERM,and Aix Marseille University.Proteomics analyses were carried out using the mass spectrometry facility of Marseille Proteomics(marseille‐proteomique.univ‐amu.fr)supported by IBISAthe Cancéropôle PACA,the Provence‐Alpes‐Côte d'Azur Region,the Institut Paoli‐Calmettes,and Fonds Européen de Développement Regional(FEDER)+1 种基金Emma Forest PhD fellowship is supported by the Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la RechercheThe authors would like to thank Pierre Santucci(LISM UMR7255 CNRS)for his help with Biorender.
文摘Gram‐negative bacteria are particularly prone to developing antimicrobial resistance(AMR),as evidenced by the WHO's ESKAPEE list of high‐priority pathogens.One strategy that has increased is the use of antibiotic enhancers,which can reempower abandoned or poorly active antibiotics against the resistant strain of interest.In this study,the polyamino‐isoprenyl antibiotic enhancer,NV716,was tested in combination with two families of multi‐target Ser/Cys‐based enzyme inhibitors,the oxadiazolone derivatives(OX)and the Cyclipostins and Cyclophostin analogs(CyC),which are inactive against Gram‐negative ESKAPEE bacteria,to potentiate their antibacterial activity and thus make them active against these bacteria.We demonstrated that NV716 potentiates some OX and CyC compounds by permeabilizing the outer membrane and thus by increasing the inhibitor accumulation,as shown by fluorescence microscopy.By using the click‐chemistry activity‐based protein profiling(ABPP)approach coupled with proteomic analysis,we also confirmed the multi‐target nature of the best OX and CyC inhibitors by identifying their target proteins on a bacterial culture of Enterobacter cloacae.Remarkably,a large set of these identified proteins had already been captured in previous ABPP experiments conducted on Mycobacterium tuberculosis and/or Mycobacterium abscessus culture.Furthermore,we showed that five of the identified target proteins were present in a total lysate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Importantly,these latter enzymes are highly conserved among Gram‐negative bacteria,with two of them annotated as essential for bacterial survival.These results provide proof of concept that both OX and CyC,if successfully potentiated,could be used against ESKAPEE Gram‐negative bacteria.
文摘Stop frequency models, as one of the elements of activity based models, represent an important part of travel behavior. Unobserved heterogeneity across the travelers should be taken into consideration to prevent biasedness and inconsistency in the estimated parameters in the stop frequency models. Additionally, previous studies on the stop frequency have mostly been done in larger metropolitan areas and less attention has been paid to the areas with less population. This study addresses these gaps by using 2012 travel data from a medium sized U.S. urban area using the work tour for the case study. Stop in the work tour were classified into three groups of outbound leg, work based subtour, and inbound leg of the commutes. Latent Class Poisson Regression Models were used to analyze the data. The results indicate the presence of heterogeneity across the commuters. Using latent class models significantly improves the predictive power of the models compared to regular one class Poisson regression models. In contrast to one class Poisson models, gender becomes insignificant in predicting the number of tours when unobserved heterogeneity is accounted for. The commuters are associated with increased stops on their work based subtour when the employment density of service-related occupations increases in their work zone, but employment density of retail employment does not significantly contribute to the stop making likelihood of the commuters. Additionally, an increase in the number of work tours was associated with fewer stops on the inbound leg of the commute. The results of this study suggest the consideration of unobserved heterogeneity in the stop frequency models and help transportation agencies and policy makers make better inferences from such models.
文摘The rapid development of digital world has provided modern organisations with challenges and opportunities at the same time.Especially,the use of advanced technology such as internet well improves transparency of many organisations.However,this also brings volatility and uncertainty to an organisation’s business environment,thereby leading to a more complex and time-consuming decision-making process.To solve this problem,two management accounting techniques,ABC System and BSC,have accordingly been adopted by many managers.In this article,the purpose is to briefly discuss some of the challenges faced by organisations;and then,the two initiative management methods are well explained individually with reference to appropriate examples.
文摘Maintainability prediction is one kind of primary maintainability action. Design deficiency would be found through predicting maintainability parameters under certain conditions. Now a maintainability prediction method that mainly considers maintenance time or maintenance man hour is a kind of prediction method with a single index. With increasing product complexity and people's environmental consciousness, more attention is paid to environment impacts and maintenance cost or resource consumption in the maintenance process. It is necessary for a maintainability prediction method that can predict maintenance cost and maintenance environmental impacts. A new maintainability prediction method is presented in this paper based on analyzing existing maintainability prediction methods. The method is MABTCE(maintenance activity based timing/costing/environment impact assessment) and can predict maintenance time, maintenance costing and maintenance environmental impacts and then improve maintainability design with prediction results.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (No. 2013CB934303)the Environmental Protection Program of Jiangsu Province of China (No. 2015011)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2014270)
文摘Organophosphorus pesticides （OPs） are one of the most regular pollutants and frequently detected in the contaminated sites, so developing an efficient method for the treatment of OPs is highly required. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of persulfate （PS） activation and Fenton reaction in remediating the soil polluted with OPs. The polluted soil used in this study was sampled from an abandoned insecticide factory in Nantong, Jiangsu Province of China, mainly containing chloropyrifos （CP） and 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol （BCP, the raw material of profenofos） with total concentration of about 30 000 mg kg- 1. The results showed that both BCP and CP were efficiently degraded by base activation of PS, and increasing the ratio of NaOH/PS enhanced CP degradation, but slightly decreased BCP degradation. The greatest degradation rates for CP and BCP were 92% and 97%, respectively, with 7.0 tool L-1 NaOH and 0.21 tool L-1 PS and a soil-to-liquid ratio of 1：1. Furthermore, ferrous iron activation of PS also degraded BCP efficiently, but only 60% of CP was degraded under the same reaction conditions. These results indicated that base activation of PS was more feasible than Fe2＋ activation and Fenton reaction in remediating the soil polluted with OPs. The high degradation rate for CP may be linked to the initial hydrolyzation of CP by base to 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, which can be further rapidly degraded by free radicals generated from base activation of PS.
文摘An activated carbon with ash content less than 10% and specific surface area more than 1 600 m 2 /g was prepared from coal and the effect of K containing compounds in preparation of coal based activated carbon was investigated in detail in this paper. KOH was used in co carbonization with coal, changes in graphitic crystallites in chars derived from carbonization of coal with and without KOH were analyzed by X ray diffraction (XRD) technique, activation rates of chars with different contents of K containing compounds were deduced, and resulting activated carbons were characterized by nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77 K and iodine numbers. The results showed that the addition of KOH to the coal before carbonization can realize the intensive removal of inorganic matters from chars under mild conditions, especially the efficient removal of dispersive quartz, an extremely difficult separated mineral component in other processes else. Apart from this, KOH demonstrates a favorable effect in control over coal carbonization with the goal to form nongraphitizable isotropic carbon precursor, which is a necessary prerequisite for the formation and development of micro pores. However, the K containing compounds such as K 2 CO 3 and K 2 O remaining in chars after carbonization catalyze the reaction between carbon and steam in activation, which leads to the formation of macro pores. In the end an innovative method, in which KOH is added to coal before carbonization and K containing compounds are removed by acid washing after carbonization, was proposed for the synthesis of quality coal based activated carbon.
基金jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61501042)the National High Technology Research and Development Program(863) of China (2015AA016101)+1 种基金Beijing Nova Program(Z151100000315078)Information Network Open Source Platform and Technology Development Strategy(No.2016-XY-09)
文摘Heterogeneous cellular networks(HCNs), by introducing caching capability, has been considered as a promising technique in 5 G era, which can bring contents closer to users to reduce the transmission delay, save scarce bandwidth resource. Although many works have been done for caching in HCNs, from an energy perspective, there still exists much space to develop a more energy-efficient system when considering the fact that the majority of base stations are under-utilized in the most of the time. Therefore, in this paper, by taking the activation mechanism for the base stations into account, we study a joint caching and activation mechanism design to further improve the energy efficiency, then we formulate the optimization problem as an Integer Linear Programming problem(ILP) to maximize the system energy saving. Due to the enormous computation complexity for finding the optimal solution, we introduced a Quantum-inspired Evolutionary Algorithm(QEA) to iteratively provide the global best solution. Numerical results show that our proposed algorithm presents an excellent performance, which is far better than the strategy of only considering caching without deactivation mechanism in the actual, normal situation. We also provide performance comparison amongour QEA, random sleeping algorithm and greedy algorithm, numerical results illustrate our introduced QEA performs best in accuracy and global optimality.
基金funded by the Key Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-year Plan Period(No.2015BAD15B04)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31600466)the Fundamental Research Funds for Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material(No.JSBEM-S-201605)
文摘p-Menthane type monoterpene derivatives were identified as bio-based compounds with high herbicidal activities. In order to search novel p-menthane type monoterpene derivatives in good performance, a series of novel cis-p-menthane type Schiff base derivatives were designed and synthesized. All target products were easily available novel compounds and characterized by FT-IR,^1H NMR,^13 C NMR and ESI＋-MS. Their pre-emergence herbicidal activities against annual ryegrass were evaluated. The bioassays indicated that most of the target compounds displayed excellent herbicidal activities in pre-emergence treatment.
基金Advanced Material Research Center (AMRC) for providing the alloys, laboratory equipments and financial supports
文摘Coarsening behavior of γ＇ precipitates in the dendritic regions of a Ni 3 Al base alloy containing chromium,molybdenum,zirconium and boron was investigated.Annealing treatment was performed up to 50 h at 900,1000 and 1100℃.The alloy was produced by vacuum-arc remelting technique.Results show that coarsening of the γ＇ precipitates in this complex alloy containing high volume fractions of γ＇ phase follows Lifshitz-Slyozov-Wagner（LSW） theory.Coarsening activation energy of the γ＇ precipitates was evaluated to be about 253.5 kJ.mol-1 which shows that the growth phenomenon is controlled by volume diffusion of aluminum.With an innovative approach,diffusion coefficient of the solute element（s） and the interfacial energy between γ＇ precipitates and γ＇（matrix） were estimated at 900,1000 and 1100℃.Accordingly,the interfacial energies at 900,1000 and 1100℃ are 4.49±1.48,2.08±0.69 and 0.98±0.32 mJ.m-2,respectively.Also the diffusivities of solute element（s） at these temperatures are 3.41±1.08,30±9.5 and 145.15±45.85（10-15 m-2.s-1）,respectively.
