Synergy strategy of photocatalysts and polymer resins are promising technology for marine antifouling.However,it is still a main challenge to obtain a green,safe,and efficient antifouling coatings.Herein,carbon(graphe...Synergy strategy of photocatalysts and polymer resins are promising technology for marine antifouling.However,it is still a main challenge to obtain a green,safe,and efficient antifouling coatings.Herein,carbon(graphene or CNT)modified Ti O_(2)photocatalyst was synthesized via hydrothermal and annealing process and has successfully applied in acrylate fluoroboron polymer(ABFP)composite coating.Morphology and chemical composition were detailed characterized.The graphene or CNT acted as a bridge with supplemental spatial structures(petal gaps,entanglement)and new functional groups(C-O,C-Ti-O,etc.)on Ti O_(2)particle.Carbon nanotube(CNT)modified TiO_(2)-ABFP coatings(BTCP)achieved excellent antibacterial and anti-diatom adhesion rate of 89.3%-96.70%and 99.00%-99.50%,which was 1.84-4.94-fold more than that of the single ABFP.CNT or graphene served as electronic bridges was considered as the crucial mechanism,which significantly improved the light absorption range and capacity,conductivity,and photoelectric response of Ti O_(2),and further accelerated the generation and transfer of free radicals to the surface of BTCP or FTGP.Moreover,the improvement of catalyst activity synergizes with the smooth surface,hydrophilicity,and slow hydrolysis of composite coatings,achieved long-term and efficient antifouling performance.This work provides a new insight into the modification of Ti O_(2)and antifouling mechanism of polymer coating.展开更多
Modified activated carbons(AS)were fabricated through the oxidation effect of ammonium persulfate and applied to the dynamic adsorption of different acrylate gas.The pore structures,surface chemical properties and sur...Modified activated carbons(AS)were fabricated through the oxidation effect of ammonium persulfate and applied to the dynamic adsorption of different acrylate gas.The pore structures,surface chemical properties and surface morphology of AS were respectively characterized by N2 adsorption,Boehm titration,X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)techniques.After modification,the specific surface area increased from 954 to 1154 m^(2)·g^(-1).The contents of oxygen-containing functional groups on the AS surface increase obviously and have a great effect on the adsorption behavior of acrylate gases.According to the results of dynamic adsorption,the adsorption capacities of acrylates are as the following order:methyl acrylate(461.9 mg·g^(-1))>methyl methacrylate(436.9 mg·g^(-1))>butyl acrylate(381.8 mg·g^(-1)),which is attributed to the size adaptability of AS pores and acrylates.The adsorption behavior of AS for acrylate gases conforms to the Bangham model and the Temkin model.展开更多
Power cables are important pieces of equipment for energy transmission,but achieving a good balance between flame retardancy and mechanical properties of cable sheaths remains a challenge.In this work,a novel intumesc...Power cables are important pieces of equipment for energy transmission,but achieving a good balance between flame retardancy and mechanical properties of cable sheaths remains a challenge.In this work,a novel intumescent flame retardant(IFR)system containing silicone-containing macromolecular charring agent(Si-MCA)and ammonium polyphosphate(APP)was designed to synergistically improve the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer(EBA)composites.The optimal mass ratio of APP/Si-MCA was 3/1 in EBA composites(EBA/APP-Si-31),corresponding to the best flame retardancy with 31.2% of limited oxygen index(LOI),V-0 rating in UL-94 vertical burning test,and 76.4%reduction on the peak of heat release rate(PHRR)in cone calorimeter test.The enhancement mechanism was attributed to the synergistic effect of APP/Si-MCA during combustion,including the radical-trapping effect,the dilution effect of non-flammable gases,and the barrier effect of the intumescent char layer.Meanwhile,the tensile results indicated that EBA/APP-Si-31 also exhibited good mechanical properties with the addition of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene(PE-g-MA)as the compatibilizer.Thus,the APP/Si-MCA combination is an effective IFRs system for preparing high-performance EBA composites,and it will promote their applications as cable sheath materials.展开更多
Smart pesticide delivery systems based on stimuli-responsive nanocarriers have attracted considerable attention because of their potential to enhance pesticide efficiency while reducing environmental risks.In this stu...Smart pesticide delivery systems based on stimuli-responsive nanocarriers have attracted considerable attention because of their potential to enhance pesticide efficiency while reducing environmental risks.In this study,a novel p H/glutathione dual-responsive pesticide delivery system was constructed through the synthesis of disulfide-bridged hollow mesoporous organosilica nanospheres(HMONs)via the St??ber method,followed by poly(acrylic acid)(PAA)coating through distillation-precipitation polymerization to form HMONs@PAA nanocomposites.The resulting abamectin-loaded system(Abamectin-HMONs@PAA)demonstrated a 12.73% pesticide loading capacity and significantly improved photostability,retaining twice as much active ingredient as free abamectin after 250 h of UV irradiation(36 W).Release studies revealed p H-and glutathione-dependent characteristics,with cumulative releases in acidic conditions exceeding those in neutral and alkaline environments by 18.66% and 40.98%,respectively,and a 14.2% increase in glutathione-containing solution(0.2 mmol·L^(-1) in 70% ethanol)after 97 h.Bioassays showed superior performance against Plutella xylostella,with a 13.33% reduction in survival rate compared to conventional suspension at equivalent dosage(40 mg·L^(-1)),while maintaining efficacy after extensive rainfall simulation(20 events over 10 days).This study provides a promising approach for developing environmentally responsive nanopesticides with enhanced durability and controlled-release properties,offering significant potential for sustainable crop protection.展开更多
Waterborne acrylic coatings are widely utilized due to their cost-effectiveness,high transparency,strong resistance to weather and chemicals,impressive mechanical properties,and excellent adhesion to various substrate...Waterborne acrylic coatings are widely utilized due to their cost-effectiveness,high transparency,strong resistance to weather and chemicals,impressive mechanical properties,and excellent adhesion to various substrates.In these coatings,a reactive emulsifier containing phosphate groups can be integrated into the molecular chain during polymerization,which enhances the coating's compactness and corrosion resistance.This work focuses on the synthesis of styrene-butyl acrylate(St-BA)latex and methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate(MMA-BA)latex using the reactive phosphate emulsifier ANPEO_(10)-P_(1) through seed emulsion polymerization,achieving a conversion rate of approximately 99%and a solid content close to 50%.The resulting coatings from St-BA and MMA-BA latexes demonstrated long-term corrosion protection for carbon steel and aluminum alloy due to in-situ phosphatization,effectively preventing flash rust.Notably,the MMA-BA coating exhibited remarkable durability,enduring immersion for up to 1224 h(51 d)on Q 235 carbon steel before reaching the failure threshold(|Z|0.01 Hz£106Ω·cm^(2))on Q 235 carbon steel.On 5052 aluminum alloy,the St-BA coating maintained|Z|0.01 Hz>10^(8)Ω·cm^(2) for 480 h(20 d).Furthermore,the corrosion resistance of St-BA and MMA BA coatings on Q 235 steel sheet and 5052 aluminum alloy surpassed that of commercially available MMA-BA and St BA coatings after immersion in a 3.5 wt%NaCl aqueous solution.This work also delves into the anticorrosion mechanism of MMA-BA and St-BA coatings.展开更多
By means of initiation of the high temperature and shearing stress of an extruder,we synthesized the graft copolymer of starch with acrylate monomers based on the simple dry method.The eff...By means of initiation of the high temperature and shearing stress of an extruder,we synthesized the graft copolymer of starch with acrylate monomers based on the simple dry method.The effects of reaction conditions on graft copolymerization were discussed. Grafted starch used as a compatibilizer for the blend system of starch and polyethylene was further investigated. The results indicate that grafted starch as a compatibilizer can improve the mechanical properties and rheologic properties of the blend of starch and polyethylene.展开更多
Membrane fouling is one of the most important challenges faced in membrane ultrafiltration operations. The copolymers of polysulfone-graft-methyl acrylate were synthesized by homogeneous photo-initiated graft copolyme...Membrane fouling is one of the most important challenges faced in membrane ultrafiltration operations. The copolymers of polysulfone-graft-methyl acrylate were synthesized by homogeneous photo-initiated graft copolymerization. The variables affecting the degree of grafting, such as the time of UV （Ultraviolet-visible） irradiation and the concentrations of the methyl acrylate and photoinitiator, were investigated. The graft copolymer membranes were prepared by the phase inversion method. The chemical and morphological changes were characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （ATR/FT-IR）, scanning electron microscopy, and water contact angles measurements. Results revealed that methyl acrylate groups were present on the membranes and the graft degree of methyl acrylate had remarkable effect on the performance of membranes. Pure water contact angle on the membrane surface decreases with the increase of methyl acrylate graft degree, which indicated that the hydrophilicity of graft copolymer membranes was improved. The permeation fluxes of pure water and bovine serum albumin solution were measured to evaluate the antifouling property of graft copolymer membranes, the results of which have shown an enhancement of antifouling property for graft copolymer membranes.展开更多
The production of acrylates from biomass-originated lactic acid is of extraordinary importance, to overcome the increasing worldwide shortage of petroleum. In this study, the catalytic dehydration of methyl lactate ov...The production of acrylates from biomass-originated lactic acid is of extraordinary importance, to overcome the increasing worldwide shortage of petroleum. In this study, the catalytic dehydration of methyl lactate over a calcium sulfate catalyst, with various promoters, has been carried out to identify potential catalyst/promoter combinations for acrylate production. The best catalyst for methyl acrylate formation in this study has been calcium sulfate, with cupric sulfate and phosphates as promoters. The optimal mass ratio of m（CaSOa） ： m（CuSOa） ： m（Na2HPO4） ： m（KH2PO4） is 150.0 ： 13.8 ： 2.5 ： 1.2. Effects of carrier gas, reaction temperature, feed concentration as well as contact time on the dehydration of methyl lactate have been investigated. With nitrogen as a carrier gas, a combined yield of acrylic acid and methyl acrylate is 63.9% from 60% （by mass） methyl lactate at 400℃ with 7.7 seconds contact time.展开更多
Two kinds of UV curable polyurethane acrylate oligomers （PUPA and PUCA） were synthesized via the addition reaction between isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI） and polyethylene glycol monoacrylate （PEA6） or polycaprol...Two kinds of UV curable polyurethane acrylate oligomers （PUPA and PUCA） were synthesized via the addition reaction between isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI） and polyethylene glycol monoacrylate （PEA6） or polycaprolactone modified hydroxyethyl acrylate （PCLA2）. The structures of PUPA and PUCA were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, IH nuclear magnetic resonance （^H NMR）, gel permeation chromatography （GPC） and differential scanning calorimeter （DSC）, and the thermal stability and dynamic mechanical thermal properties of their cured films were measured by thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） and dynamic mechanical analysis （DMA）, respectively. The viscosity of the oligomers and mechanical properties of the cured films were also studied. The results show that both oligomers have narrow molecular weight distribution. The viscosity of PUPA is 2.310 Pa.s at 25 ℃, while that of PUCA is： up to 3.980 Pa-s. The UV cured PUPA and PUCA films have homogeneous phase structure, and the PUCA film shows higher glass transition temperature and storage modulus. Furthermore, the PUCA film possesses better mechanical properties than PUPA, while the latter shows better alkali resistance.展开更多
UV-curable hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate-polyurethane diacrylate/SiO2 dispersion （HBPUA-PUDA/SiO2） was prepared with isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI）, hyperbranched polyester Boltorn H20 （H20）, hydroxy-ethyl...UV-curable hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate-polyurethane diacrylate/SiO2 dispersion （HBPUA-PUDA/SiO2） was prepared with isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI）, hyperbranched polyester Boltorn H20 （H20）, hydroxy-ethyl acrylate （HEA）, polyethyleneglycol （PEG-200）and nano-SiO2. The UV curing kinetics of the films was investigated by FTIR. The results show that the curing speed of the films increases with the adding of nano-SiO2 and decreases with the adding of PUDA due to the slower chain movement. The thermal stability of the HBPUA-PUDA/SiO2 films was studied by using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （TGA/FTIR）. The results show that all films exhibit two degradation stages located at about 320 and 440℃ corresponding to the degradation for hard segments of urethane-acrylate and the degradation for soft segment and polyester core. In addition, the results from the analysis of TGA/FTIR also indicate that the decomposition temperature of HBPUA-PUDA/SiO2 film is 15℃ higher than that obtained for pure polymer. The degradation mechanism was proposed according to TGA/FTIR results.展开更多
Acrylate latex modified by vinyl triisopropoxy silane (C-1706) was synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization with anionic emulsifier sodium dodecyl sulphonate(SDS) and nonionic emulsifier OP-10 as the multiple emu...Acrylate latex modified by vinyl triisopropoxy silane (C-1706) was synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization with anionic emulsifier sodium dodecyl sulphonate(SDS) and nonionic emulsifier OP-10 as the multiple emulsifiers at (78±2) ℃. The effects of different factors, such as the emulsifier, C-1706 monomer and its feeding manner on the properties of acrylate latex modified by C-1706 were investigated. The particle size distribution and the structure, the configuration, the weather durability and stain resistance of copolymer latex were characterized by particle size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and ultraviolet aging instrument respectively. The results show that SDS to OP-10 as multiple emulsifiers can lead to coordinated efficiency, the optimal emulsifier dosage is 2.4%?3.2%(mass fraction), and the mass ratio of SDS to OP-10 is 1?1? 1?2. The seeded emulsion polymerization can effectively introduce a organic-siloxane bonding in a macromolecule inter polymer, and the obtained acrylate latex modified by organic-siloxane possesses narrow distribution of particle size with mean diameter of 51.8?76.6 nm and has the excellent properties in weather durability and stain-resistance especially.展开更多
Cationic fluorinated acrylate latex was prepared via semi-continuous emulsion copolymerization of cationic monomer and other monomers. The resultant latex and its film were characterized with dynamic light scattering ...Cationic fluorinated acrylate latex was prepared via semi-continuous emulsion copolymerization of cationic monomer and other monomers. The resultant latex and its film were characterized with dynamic light scattering detector and contact angle meter. Influences of amount of DMDAAC on the properties of resultant latex and its film were investigated in detail. Results show that the particle size of the latex has the minimum value knd the zeta potential of the latex is increased when the amount of DMDAAC is increased. In addition, the particle size of the latex is unimodal distribution when the amount of DMDAAC is not more than 2.5%. However, the particle size of the latex is bimodal distribution when the amount of DMDAAC is more than 2.5%. The contact angle is varied slightly with the increase of amount of DMDAAC when it is not more than 2.5%. Nevertheless, the contact angle is decreased with the increase of the amount of DMDAAC when it is more than 2.5%.展开更多
Two kinds of water-soluble and ultraviolet (UV) curable oligomers were synthesized and characterized. The oligomers were evaluated as resins for water-based UV curable coating. The rheology of the two oligomers' a...Two kinds of water-soluble and ultraviolet (UV) curable oligomers were synthesized and characterized. The oligomers were evaluated as resins for water-based UV curable coating. The rheology of the two oligomers' aqueous so-lutions was investigated in terms of solid fraction, pH dependence, and temperature dependence. The solutions were found to be Newtonian fluid showing rather low viscosity even at high solid fraction of 0.55. The drying process of the coatings and the properties of the cured coatings were studied by comparing them with water-dispersed UV-curable polyurethane methyl acrylate. It was evident that the water-soluble coating dried more slowly; and that the overall properties were inferior to those of the water-dispersed coating.展开更多
Acrylate modified polyurethane resin was first synthesized, and interpenetrated with unsaturated polyester resin to form IPNs and gradient IPNs which cured at room temperature. The polymerization process was traced by...Acrylate modified polyurethane resin was first synthesized, and interpenetrated with unsaturated polyester resin to form IPNs and gradient IPNs which cured at room temperature. The polymerization process was traced by an IR spectroscopy technique and the simultaneous interpenetrating techniques were determined. The morphology of these IPNs were estimated by TMA and TEM methods. The results indicated that large amount of interpenetrating and entanglement make T g linked up effectively, and domains between two phases can be in nanometre ranges, which changed with composition ratios. The mechanical properties results showed that IPNs varied from elastomeric to plastic materials. It was noteworthy that, with the introduction of modified groups and the formation of graft construction in IPNs, the miscibility in the systems was improved a lot. These further led to the improved mechanical properties of IPNs with elastomer reinforced and plasticizer toughened as well. The reinforced miscibility between the networks can apparently change mechanical property especially for the gradient ones when the materials are elongated.展开更多
The dynamic mechanical properties of a new blend system consisting of phenol resin and polar polymer (acrylaterubber and/or chlorinated polypropylene) were investigated. It was found that the addition of phenol resin ...The dynamic mechanical properties of a new blend system consisting of phenol resin and polar polymer (acrylaterubber and/or chlorinated polypropylene) were investigated. It was found that the addition of phenol resin to acrylate rubberand its incompatible blend can cause a remarkable improvement in the temperature dependence of the loss tangent. As a result, the present blends are very good damping materials.展开更多
Unsaturated polyester resin(UPR)/acrylate-terminated polyurethane(ATPU)/organo-modified montmorillonite(OMMT)nanocomposites were prepared by the in situ intercalative polymerization method.Samples were prepared by the...Unsaturated polyester resin(UPR)/acrylate-terminated polyurethane(ATPU)/organo-modified montmorillonite(OMMT)nanocomposites were prepared by the in situ intercalative polymerization method.Samples were prepared by the sequential mixing,i.e.mixture of the ATPU and styrene(S)and OMMT were prepared in the first step;UPR was then added to the pre-intercalates of ATPU/S/OMMT.Results indicate that the mechanical properties and thermal properties of UPR/ATPU/OMMT nanocomposites greatly depend on the amount of ATPU and OMMT.Results show that the addition of ATPU could increase the impact strength of UPR/ATPU composites,but the tensile strength,flexural strength and heat resistance of the materials are obviously decreased.When the weight ratio between UPR,ATPU and OMMT were 82:15:3,the impact strength and heat distortion-temperature of nanocomposite were greatly improved,meanwhile there was little change for other properties of the nanocomposites.The synergistic enhancement effects of ATPU and OMMT on the composites were observed.The structures and morphology of the composites were investigated by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.展开更多
In order to prepare hydrophobic waterborne polyurethane coatings with better performances,the silicon-containing waterborne polyurethane(SiWPU)with functional chain extender hydroxyethyl acrylate(HEA)was prepared firs...In order to prepare hydrophobic waterborne polyurethane coatings with better performances,the silicon-containing waterborne polyurethane(SiWPU)with functional chain extender hydroxyethyl acrylate(HEA)was prepared first,and then a series of silicon&fluorine-containing polyurethane/acrylate(FSiPUA)emulsions were obtained with flourine containing acrylic monomer by seed emulsion polymerization,introducing micro-nano SiO2 into FSiPUA emulsion to make the final hybrid emulsion.The properties of Si WPU,FSiPUA and SiO2/FSiPUA were investigated by fourier transform infrared spectra(FTIR),transmission electron microscope(TEM),Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)and some other analytical methods.The results revealed that FSiPUA emulsion particles possessed composite core-shell structure and FSiPUA films with suitable ratio performed better than Si WPU films in hardness,water resistance and solvent resistance.The SiO2/FSiPUA films with micro-nano dual roughness structure showed a water contact angle of 136°with good resistance to acid and alkali.展开更多
The development of polymeric optical materials with a higher refractive index,transparency in the visible spectrum region and easier processability is increasingly desirable for advanced optical applications such as m...The development of polymeric optical materials with a higher refractive index,transparency in the visible spectrum region and easier processability is increasingly desirable for advanced optical applications such as microlenses,image sensors,and organic light-emitting diodes.Most acrylates have a low refractive index(around 1.50)which does not meet the high perfo rmance requirements of advanced optical materials.In this research,three novel acrylates were synthesized via a facile one-step approach and used to fabricate optical transparent polymers.All of the polymers reveal good optical properties including high transparency(≥90%)in the visible spectrum region and high refractive index values(1.6363)at 550 nm.Moreover,nanostructures of these acrylate polymers with various feature sizes including nanogratings and photonic crystals were successfully fabricated using nanoimprint lithography.These results indicate that these acrylates can be used in a wide range of optical and optoelectronic devices where nanopatterned films with high refractive index and transparency are required.展开更多
Calcium acrylate is a polymerized grout, and can polymerize in an aqueous solution. The polymerization reaction utilizes ammonium persulfate as a catalyst and sodium thiosulfate as the activator. Based on the theory o...Calcium acrylate is a polymerized grout, and can polymerize in an aqueous solution. The polymerization reaction utilizes ammonium persulfate as a catalyst and sodium thiosulfate as the activator. Based on the theory of reaction kinetics, this study on the relation between gel time and concentration of activator and catalyst showed that gel time of calcium acrylate is inversely proportional to activator and catalyst concentration. A formula of gel time is proposed, and an example is provided to verify the proposed formula.展开更多
A novel ohthalazinone modified epoxy acrylate resin for the high temperature resistant ultravioet （UV） curable coating.was syn-thesized.The methacrylated epoxy resins obtained were utilized to UV radiation curing by...A novel ohthalazinone modified epoxy acrylate resin for the high temperature resistant ultravioet （UV） curable coating.was syn-thesized.The methacrylated epoxy resins obtained were utilized to UV radiation curing by taking 2.5% （wt%） of photoinitiator in combination with 20% （wt%） of diluent, and generated the interpenetraring polymer networks. The cured film had good thermal and chemical stability.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42277315,22066009)the Scientific Research Startup Fund of Hainan University(Nos.XJ2300005916,kyqd(zr)22185)+1 种基金supported by Scientific Research Project of Hainan Higher Education Institutions(No.Hnky2023-9)Innovational Fund for Scientific and Technological Personnel of Hainan Province(No.KJRC2023C12)。
文摘Synergy strategy of photocatalysts and polymer resins are promising technology for marine antifouling.However,it is still a main challenge to obtain a green,safe,and efficient antifouling coatings.Herein,carbon(graphene or CNT)modified Ti O_(2)photocatalyst was synthesized via hydrothermal and annealing process and has successfully applied in acrylate fluoroboron polymer(ABFP)composite coating.Morphology and chemical composition were detailed characterized.The graphene or CNT acted as a bridge with supplemental spatial structures(petal gaps,entanglement)and new functional groups(C-O,C-Ti-O,etc.)on Ti O_(2)particle.Carbon nanotube(CNT)modified TiO_(2)-ABFP coatings(BTCP)achieved excellent antibacterial and anti-diatom adhesion rate of 89.3%-96.70%and 99.00%-99.50%,which was 1.84-4.94-fold more than that of the single ABFP.CNT or graphene served as electronic bridges was considered as the crucial mechanism,which significantly improved the light absorption range and capacity,conductivity,and photoelectric response of Ti O_(2),and further accelerated the generation and transfer of free radicals to the surface of BTCP or FTGP.Moreover,the improvement of catalyst activity synergizes with the smooth surface,hydrophilicity,and slow hydrolysis of composite coatings,achieved long-term and efficient antifouling performance.This work provides a new insight into the modification of Ti O_(2)and antifouling mechanism of polymer coating.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51873167)the Self-determined and Innovative Research Funds of WUT(No.2024-CL-B1-02)。
文摘Modified activated carbons(AS)were fabricated through the oxidation effect of ammonium persulfate and applied to the dynamic adsorption of different acrylate gas.The pore structures,surface chemical properties and surface morphology of AS were respectively characterized by N2 adsorption,Boehm titration,X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy(XPS)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)techniques.After modification,the specific surface area increased from 954 to 1154 m^(2)·g^(-1).The contents of oxygen-containing functional groups on the AS surface increase obviously and have a great effect on the adsorption behavior of acrylate gases.According to the results of dynamic adsorption,the adsorption capacities of acrylates are as the following order:methyl acrylate(461.9 mg·g^(-1))>methyl methacrylate(436.9 mg·g^(-1))>butyl acrylate(381.8 mg·g^(-1)),which is attributed to the size adaptability of AS pores and acrylates.The adsorption behavior of AS for acrylate gases conforms to the Bangham model and the Temkin model.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52473059)Taishan Scholar Constructive Engineering Foundation of Shandong Province(tsqn202103079)Key Research and Development Plan of Shandong Province(2024TSGC0264).
文摘Power cables are important pieces of equipment for energy transmission,but achieving a good balance between flame retardancy and mechanical properties of cable sheaths remains a challenge.In this work,a novel intumescent flame retardant(IFR)system containing silicone-containing macromolecular charring agent(Si-MCA)and ammonium polyphosphate(APP)was designed to synergistically improve the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of ethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer(EBA)composites.The optimal mass ratio of APP/Si-MCA was 3/1 in EBA composites(EBA/APP-Si-31),corresponding to the best flame retardancy with 31.2% of limited oxygen index(LOI),V-0 rating in UL-94 vertical burning test,and 76.4%reduction on the peak of heat release rate(PHRR)in cone calorimeter test.The enhancement mechanism was attributed to the synergistic effect of APP/Si-MCA during combustion,including the radical-trapping effect,the dilution effect of non-flammable gases,and the barrier effect of the intumescent char layer.Meanwhile,the tensile results indicated that EBA/APP-Si-31 also exhibited good mechanical properties with the addition of maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene(PE-g-MA)as the compatibilizer.Thus,the APP/Si-MCA combination is an effective IFRs system for preparing high-performance EBA composites,and it will promote their applications as cable sheath materials.
基金financially supported by the Jiangsu Forestry Science and Technology Innovation and Promotion Project(No.LYKJ-Nanjing[2022]02)the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(No.CX(23)3090)。
文摘Smart pesticide delivery systems based on stimuli-responsive nanocarriers have attracted considerable attention because of their potential to enhance pesticide efficiency while reducing environmental risks.In this study,a novel p H/glutathione dual-responsive pesticide delivery system was constructed through the synthesis of disulfide-bridged hollow mesoporous organosilica nanospheres(HMONs)via the St??ber method,followed by poly(acrylic acid)(PAA)coating through distillation-precipitation polymerization to form HMONs@PAA nanocomposites.The resulting abamectin-loaded system(Abamectin-HMONs@PAA)demonstrated a 12.73% pesticide loading capacity and significantly improved photostability,retaining twice as much active ingredient as free abamectin after 250 h of UV irradiation(36 W).Release studies revealed p H-and glutathione-dependent characteristics,with cumulative releases in acidic conditions exceeding those in neutral and alkaline environments by 18.66% and 40.98%,respectively,and a 14.2% increase in glutathione-containing solution(0.2 mmol·L^(-1) in 70% ethanol)after 97 h.Bioassays showed superior performance against Plutella xylostella,with a 13.33% reduction in survival rate compared to conventional suspension at equivalent dosage(40 mg·L^(-1)),while maintaining efficacy after extensive rainfall simulation(20 events over 10 days).This study provides a promising approach for developing environmentally responsive nanopesticides with enhanced durability and controlled-release properties,offering significant potential for sustainable crop protection.
基金Project(52373065)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2220004002898)supported by the Zhuhai Industry University Research Cooperation and Basic and Applied Research Projects,China。
文摘Waterborne acrylic coatings are widely utilized due to their cost-effectiveness,high transparency,strong resistance to weather and chemicals,impressive mechanical properties,and excellent adhesion to various substrates.In these coatings,a reactive emulsifier containing phosphate groups can be integrated into the molecular chain during polymerization,which enhances the coating's compactness and corrosion resistance.This work focuses on the synthesis of styrene-butyl acrylate(St-BA)latex and methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate(MMA-BA)latex using the reactive phosphate emulsifier ANPEO_(10)-P_(1) through seed emulsion polymerization,achieving a conversion rate of approximately 99%and a solid content close to 50%.The resulting coatings from St-BA and MMA-BA latexes demonstrated long-term corrosion protection for carbon steel and aluminum alloy due to in-situ phosphatization,effectively preventing flash rust.Notably,the MMA-BA coating exhibited remarkable durability,enduring immersion for up to 1224 h(51 d)on Q 235 carbon steel before reaching the failure threshold(|Z|0.01 Hz£106Ω·cm^(2))on Q 235 carbon steel.On 5052 aluminum alloy,the St-BA coating maintained|Z|0.01 Hz>10^(8)Ω·cm^(2) for 480 h(20 d).Furthermore,the corrosion resistance of St-BA and MMA BA coatings on Q 235 steel sheet and 5052 aluminum alloy surpassed that of commercially available MMA-BA and St BA coatings after immersion in a 3.5 wt%NaCl aqueous solution.This work also delves into the anticorrosion mechanism of MMA-BA and St-BA coatings.
文摘By means of initiation of the high temperature and shearing stress of an extruder,we synthesized the graft copolymer of starch with acrylate monomers based on the simple dry method.The effects of reaction conditions on graft copolymerization were discussed. Grafted starch used as a compatibilizer for the blend system of starch and polyethylene was further investigated. The results indicate that grafted starch as a compatibilizer can improve the mechanical properties and rheologic properties of the blend of starch and polyethylene.
文摘Membrane fouling is one of the most important challenges faced in membrane ultrafiltration operations. The copolymers of polysulfone-graft-methyl acrylate were synthesized by homogeneous photo-initiated graft copolymerization. The variables affecting the degree of grafting, such as the time of UV （Ultraviolet-visible） irradiation and the concentrations of the methyl acrylate and photoinitiator, were investigated. The graft copolymer membranes were prepared by the phase inversion method. The chemical and morphological changes were characterized by attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （ATR/FT-IR）, scanning electron microscopy, and water contact angles measurements. Results revealed that methyl acrylate groups were present on the membranes and the graft degree of methyl acrylate had remarkable effect on the performance of membranes. Pure water contact angle on the membrane surface decreases with the increase of methyl acrylate graft degree, which indicated that the hydrophilicity of graft copolymer membranes was improved. The permeation fluxes of pure water and bovine serum albumin solution were measured to evaluate the antifouling property of graft copolymer membranes, the results of which have shown an enhancement of antifouling property for graft copolymer membranes.
基金he Special Foundation for State Major Basic Research Program of China(2007CB707805,2004CCA05500)
文摘The production of acrylates from biomass-originated lactic acid is of extraordinary importance, to overcome the increasing worldwide shortage of petroleum. In this study, the catalytic dehydration of methyl lactate over a calcium sulfate catalyst, with various promoters, has been carried out to identify potential catalyst/promoter combinations for acrylate production. The best catalyst for methyl acrylate formation in this study has been calcium sulfate, with cupric sulfate and phosphates as promoters. The optimal mass ratio of m（CaSOa） ： m（CuSOa） ： m（Na2HPO4） ： m（KH2PO4） is 150.0 ： 13.8 ： 2.5 ： 1.2. Effects of carrier gas, reaction temperature, feed concentration as well as contact time on the dehydration of methyl lactate have been investigated. With nitrogen as a carrier gas, a combined yield of acrylic acid and methyl acrylate is 63.9% from 60% （by mass） methyl lactate at 400℃ with 7.7 seconds contact time.
基金Project(2007168303) supported by Guangdong-Hong Kong Technology Cooperation Funding
文摘Two kinds of UV curable polyurethane acrylate oligomers （PUPA and PUCA） were synthesized via the addition reaction between isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI） and polyethylene glycol monoacrylate （PEA6） or polycaprolactone modified hydroxyethyl acrylate （PCLA2）. The structures of PUPA and PUCA were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR）, IH nuclear magnetic resonance （^H NMR）, gel permeation chromatography （GPC） and differential scanning calorimeter （DSC）, and the thermal stability and dynamic mechanical thermal properties of their cured films were measured by thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） and dynamic mechanical analysis （DMA）, respectively. The viscosity of the oligomers and mechanical properties of the cured films were also studied. The results show that both oligomers have narrow molecular weight distribution. The viscosity of PUPA is 2.310 Pa.s at 25 ℃, while that of PUCA is： up to 3.980 Pa-s. The UV cured PUPA and PUCA films have homogeneous phase structure, and the PUCA film shows higher glass transition temperature and storage modulus. Furthermore, the PUCA film possesses better mechanical properties than PUPA, while the latter shows better alkali resistance.
文摘UV-curable hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate-polyurethane diacrylate/SiO2 dispersion （HBPUA-PUDA/SiO2） was prepared with isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI）, hyperbranched polyester Boltorn H20 （H20）, hydroxy-ethyl acrylate （HEA）, polyethyleneglycol （PEG-200）and nano-SiO2. The UV curing kinetics of the films was investigated by FTIR. The results show that the curing speed of the films increases with the adding of nano-SiO2 and decreases with the adding of PUDA due to the slower chain movement. The thermal stability of the HBPUA-PUDA/SiO2 films was studied by using thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （TGA/FTIR）. The results show that all films exhibit two degradation stages located at about 320 and 440℃ corresponding to the degradation for hard segments of urethane-acrylate and the degradation for soft segment and polyester core. In addition, the results from the analysis of TGA/FTIR also indicate that the decomposition temperature of HBPUA-PUDA/SiO2 film is 15℃ higher than that obtained for pure polymer. The degradation mechanism was proposed according to TGA/FTIR results.
基金Project(2003B10506) supported by Science and Technology Department of Guangdong Province, China
文摘Acrylate latex modified by vinyl triisopropoxy silane (C-1706) was synthesized by seeded emulsion polymerization with anionic emulsifier sodium dodecyl sulphonate(SDS) and nonionic emulsifier OP-10 as the multiple emulsifiers at (78±2) ℃. The effects of different factors, such as the emulsifier, C-1706 monomer and its feeding manner on the properties of acrylate latex modified by C-1706 were investigated. The particle size distribution and the structure, the configuration, the weather durability and stain resistance of copolymer latex were characterized by particle size analyzer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope(TEM), scanning electron microscope(SEM) and ultraviolet aging instrument respectively. The results show that SDS to OP-10 as multiple emulsifiers can lead to coordinated efficiency, the optimal emulsifier dosage is 2.4%?3.2%(mass fraction), and the mass ratio of SDS to OP-10 is 1?1? 1?2. The seeded emulsion polymerization can effectively introduce a organic-siloxane bonding in a macromolecule inter polymer, and the obtained acrylate latex modified by organic-siloxane possesses narrow distribution of particle size with mean diameter of 51.8?76.6 nm and has the excellent properties in weather durability and stain-resistance especially.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province under Grant No. 2010C31040the financial support of Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No. Y4100152)Zhejiang University of Technology Natural Science Foundation(No.20100202)
文摘Cationic fluorinated acrylate latex was prepared via semi-continuous emulsion copolymerization of cationic monomer and other monomers. The resultant latex and its film were characterized with dynamic light scattering detector and contact angle meter. Influences of amount of DMDAAC on the properties of resultant latex and its film were investigated in detail. Results show that the particle size of the latex has the minimum value knd the zeta potential of the latex is increased when the amount of DMDAAC is increased. In addition, the particle size of the latex is unimodal distribution when the amount of DMDAAC is not more than 2.5%. However, the particle size of the latex is bimodal distribution when the amount of DMDAAC is more than 2.5%. The contact angle is varied slightly with the increase of amount of DMDAAC when it is not more than 2.5%. Nevertheless, the contact angle is decreased with the increase of the amount of DMDAAC when it is more than 2.5%.
文摘Two kinds of water-soluble and ultraviolet (UV) curable oligomers were synthesized and characterized. The oligomers were evaluated as resins for water-based UV curable coating. The rheology of the two oligomers' aqueous so-lutions was investigated in terms of solid fraction, pH dependence, and temperature dependence. The solutions were found to be Newtonian fluid showing rather low viscosity even at high solid fraction of 0.55. The drying process of the coatings and the properties of the cured coatings were studied by comparing them with water-dispersed UV-curable polyurethane methyl acrylate. It was evident that the water-soluble coating dried more slowly; and that the overall properties were inferior to those of the water-dispersed coating.
文摘Acrylate modified polyurethane resin was first synthesized, and interpenetrated with unsaturated polyester resin to form IPNs and gradient IPNs which cured at room temperature. The polymerization process was traced by an IR spectroscopy technique and the simultaneous interpenetrating techniques were determined. The morphology of these IPNs were estimated by TMA and TEM methods. The results indicated that large amount of interpenetrating and entanglement make T g linked up effectively, and domains between two phases can be in nanometre ranges, which changed with composition ratios. The mechanical properties results showed that IPNs varied from elastomeric to plastic materials. It was noteworthy that, with the introduction of modified groups and the formation of graft construction in IPNs, the miscibility in the systems was improved a lot. These further led to the improved mechanical properties of IPNs with elastomer reinforced and plasticizer toughened as well. The reinforced miscibility between the networks can apparently change mechanical property especially for the gradient ones when the materials are elongated.
基金This work was supported by the "The National High Technology Research and Development Program" of Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2002AA333020).
文摘The dynamic mechanical properties of a new blend system consisting of phenol resin and polar polymer (acrylaterubber and/or chlorinated polypropylene) were investigated. It was found that the addition of phenol resin to acrylate rubberand its incompatible blend can cause a remarkable improvement in the temperature dependence of the loss tangent. As a result, the present blends are very good damping materials.
基金This research was supported by the Science and Technology Key Project of Guangdong(A1070203).
文摘Unsaturated polyester resin(UPR)/acrylate-terminated polyurethane(ATPU)/organo-modified montmorillonite(OMMT)nanocomposites were prepared by the in situ intercalative polymerization method.Samples were prepared by the sequential mixing,i.e.mixture of the ATPU and styrene(S)and OMMT were prepared in the first step;UPR was then added to the pre-intercalates of ATPU/S/OMMT.Results indicate that the mechanical properties and thermal properties of UPR/ATPU/OMMT nanocomposites greatly depend on the amount of ATPU and OMMT.Results show that the addition of ATPU could increase the impact strength of UPR/ATPU composites,but the tensile strength,flexural strength and heat resistance of the materials are obviously decreased.When the weight ratio between UPR,ATPU and OMMT were 82:15:3,the impact strength and heat distortion-temperature of nanocomposite were greatly improved,meanwhile there was little change for other properties of the nanocomposites.The synergistic enhancement effects of ATPU and OMMT on the composites were observed.The structures and morphology of the composites were investigated by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.
基金Funded by the National High Technology Research and Development Program("863"Program)(No.2003AA305071)
文摘In order to prepare hydrophobic waterborne polyurethane coatings with better performances,the silicon-containing waterborne polyurethane(SiWPU)with functional chain extender hydroxyethyl acrylate(HEA)was prepared first,and then a series of silicon&fluorine-containing polyurethane/acrylate(FSiPUA)emulsions were obtained with flourine containing acrylic monomer by seed emulsion polymerization,introducing micro-nano SiO2 into FSiPUA emulsion to make the final hybrid emulsion.The properties of Si WPU,FSiPUA and SiO2/FSiPUA were investigated by fourier transform infrared spectra(FTIR),transmission electron microscope(TEM),Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)and some other analytical methods.The results revealed that FSiPUA emulsion particles possessed composite core-shell structure and FSiPUA films with suitable ratio performed better than Si WPU films in hardness,water resistance and solvent resistance.The SiO2/FSiPUA films with micro-nano dual roughness structure showed a water contact angle of 136°with good resistance to acid and alkali.
基金supported by the Molecular Foundry,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,which is supported by the Office of Science and Office of Basic Energy Sciences of the U.S.Department of Energy under Contract No.DE-AC02-05CH11231supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51573011)+2 种基金Natural Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20150272)Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materialsthe scholarship support from the program of the China Scholarship Council (No.201706880022) for study at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
文摘The development of polymeric optical materials with a higher refractive index,transparency in the visible spectrum region and easier processability is increasingly desirable for advanced optical applications such as microlenses,image sensors,and organic light-emitting diodes.Most acrylates have a low refractive index(around 1.50)which does not meet the high perfo rmance requirements of advanced optical materials.In this research,three novel acrylates were synthesized via a facile one-step approach and used to fabricate optical transparent polymers.All of the polymers reveal good optical properties including high transparency(≥90%)in the visible spectrum region and high refractive index values(1.6363)at 550 nm.Moreover,nanostructures of these acrylate polymers with various feature sizes including nanogratings and photonic crystals were successfully fabricated using nanoimprint lithography.These results indicate that these acrylates can be used in a wide range of optical and optoelectronic devices where nanopatterned films with high refractive index and transparency are required.
文摘Calcium acrylate is a polymerized grout, and can polymerize in an aqueous solution. The polymerization reaction utilizes ammonium persulfate as a catalyst and sodium thiosulfate as the activator. Based on the theory of reaction kinetics, this study on the relation between gel time and concentration of activator and catalyst showed that gel time of calcium acrylate is inversely proportional to activator and catalyst concentration. A formula of gel time is proposed, and an example is provided to verify the proposed formula.
文摘A novel ohthalazinone modified epoxy acrylate resin for the high temperature resistant ultravioet （UV） curable coating.was syn-thesized.The methacrylated epoxy resins obtained were utilized to UV radiation curing by taking 2.5% （wt%） of photoinitiator in combination with 20% （wt%） of diluent, and generated the interpenetraring polymer networks. The cured film had good thermal and chemical stability.
