Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a progressive and irreversible fibroinflammatory disorder,accompanied by pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and dysregulated gut microbiota.Recently,accumulating evidence has supported a corr...Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a progressive and irreversible fibroinflammatory disorder,accompanied by pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and dysregulated gut microbiota.Recently,accumulating evidence has supported a correlation between gut dysbiosis and CP development.However,whether gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to CP pathogenesis remains unclear.Herein,an experimental CP was induced by repeated high-dose caerulein injections.The broad-spectrum antibiotics(ABX)and ABX targeting Gram-positive(G+)or Gram-negative bacteria(G-)were applied to explore the specific roles of these bacteria.Gut dysbiosis was observed in both mice and in CP patients,which was accompanied by a sharply reduced abundance for short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)-producers,especially G+bacteria.Broad-spectrum ABX exacerbated the severity of CP,as evidenced by aggravated pancreatic fibrosis and gut dysbiosis,especially the depletion of SCFAs-producing G+bacteria.Additionally,depletion of SCFAs-producing G+bacteria rather than G-bacteria intensified CP progression independent of TLR4,which was attenuated by supplementation with exogenous SCFAs.Finally,SCFAs modulated pancreatic fibrosis through inhibition of macrophage infiltration and M2 phenotype switching.The study supports a critical role for SCFAs-producing G+bacteria in CP.Therefore,modulation of dietary-derived SCFAs or G+SCFAs-producing bacteria may be considered a novel interventive approach for the management of CP.展开更多
Nongxiangxing baijiu(NXXB),a Chinese distilled spirit beverage,enjoys widespread popularity,because of its unique flavor profile,with short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)and their ester derivatives making a major contri-but...Nongxiangxing baijiu(NXXB),a Chinese distilled spirit beverage,enjoys widespread popularity,because of its unique flavor profile,with short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)and their ester derivatives making a major contri-bution to its distinctive flavor.SCFA-producing microorganisms(SPMs)determine the concentrations of these compounds,directly influencing the quality of NXXB.This article not only reviews the basic properties of SCFAs and their impact on the flavor of NXXB,but also comprehensively summarizes the research on SPMs in the NXXB fermentation ecosystem,including their distribution,SCFA biosynthetic pathways,regulation and optimization of SCFA production,and the factors affecting SCFA production.In addition,the paper discusses current progress in systems biology research and potential applications of SPMs,offering new insights for future research and applications of SPMs in the NXXB industry and other fermentation industries.展开更多
基金supported by funds from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82070666,82122068)the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20200026,China)+4 种基金the Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control of Jiangsu Province,the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.JUSRP221037,JUSRP22007,China)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2022M721366)the Excellent Postdoctoral Program of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.2023ZB168,China)Wuxi City’s first“double hundred”young and middle-aged medical and health talents(Grant No:BJ2020045,China)Wuxi Social Development Science and Technology Demonstration Project(Grant No:N20201003,China)。
文摘Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a progressive and irreversible fibroinflammatory disorder,accompanied by pancreatic exocrine insufficiency and dysregulated gut microbiota.Recently,accumulating evidence has supported a correlation between gut dysbiosis and CP development.However,whether gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to CP pathogenesis remains unclear.Herein,an experimental CP was induced by repeated high-dose caerulein injections.The broad-spectrum antibiotics(ABX)and ABX targeting Gram-positive(G+)or Gram-negative bacteria(G-)were applied to explore the specific roles of these bacteria.Gut dysbiosis was observed in both mice and in CP patients,which was accompanied by a sharply reduced abundance for short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)-producers,especially G+bacteria.Broad-spectrum ABX exacerbated the severity of CP,as evidenced by aggravated pancreatic fibrosis and gut dysbiosis,especially the depletion of SCFAs-producing G+bacteria.Additionally,depletion of SCFAs-producing G+bacteria rather than G-bacteria intensified CP progression independent of TLR4,which was attenuated by supplementation with exogenous SCFAs.Finally,SCFAs modulated pancreatic fibrosis through inhibition of macrophage infiltration and M2 phenotype switching.The study supports a critical role for SCFAs-producing G+bacteria in CP.Therefore,modulation of dietary-derived SCFAs or G+SCFAs-producing bacteria may be considered a novel interventive approach for the management of CP.
基金supported by grants from Sichuan Natural Science Foundation General Project,China(2023NSFSC0184)the Key Laboratory of Wuliangye-flavor Liquor Solid-state Fermentation,China National Light Industry(2021JJ017).
文摘Nongxiangxing baijiu(NXXB),a Chinese distilled spirit beverage,enjoys widespread popularity,because of its unique flavor profile,with short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)and their ester derivatives making a major contri-bution to its distinctive flavor.SCFA-producing microorganisms(SPMs)determine the concentrations of these compounds,directly influencing the quality of NXXB.This article not only reviews the basic properties of SCFAs and their impact on the flavor of NXXB,but also comprehensively summarizes the research on SPMs in the NXXB fermentation ecosystem,including their distribution,SCFA biosynthetic pathways,regulation and optimization of SCFA production,and the factors affecting SCFA production.In addition,the paper discusses current progress in systems biology research and potential applications of SPMs,offering new insights for future research and applications of SPMs in the NXXB industry and other fermentation industries.
