This study makes an in-depth exploration of the core pathogenesis of chronic atrophic gastritis,Qi Deficiency with Stagnation,to systematically interpret it within the theoretical framework of Achieving Central Harmon...This study makes an in-depth exploration of the core pathogenesis of chronic atrophic gastritis,Qi Deficiency with Stagnation,to systematically interpret it within the theoretical framework of Achieving Central Harmony,and to provide a treatment plan.Professor Li Tingquan believes that the occurrence and development of chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)is fundamentally a process of harmony imbalance of the spleen and stomach.Its specific manifestation lies in the interaction between qi deficiency and stagnation,namely,spleen deficiency as the root cause,and qi stagnation,phlegm-dampness,and blood stasis obstructing the middle energizer as the secondary manifestations.These factors are mutually causal and interact with one another.Based on this,he proposed a four-step method to treat the disease:eliminating pathogenic factors,harmonizing the spleen and stomach,activating blood circulation to resolve stasis,and tonifying the kidney to generate blood(metaphorically described as"closing the mountains to cultivate forests and thicken the soil,breeding seeds and irrigating for stomach recovery").This approach aims to restore the harmonious state of the middle energizer,providing a complete clinical framework of theory,principle,formula,and herbs for the prevention and treatment of CAG.展开更多
This paper discusses the algorithms for achieving global states and self-stabilizationfor communication protocols. It first describes a primary algorithm including its suitability forachieving global states and limita...This paper discusses the algorithms for achieving global states and self-stabilizationfor communication protocols. It first describes a primary algorithm including its suitability forachieving global states and limitation of self-stabilization for communication protocols, and thenpresents an improved algorithm that can be suitable to achieve global states and can be also usedto self-stabilizing communication protocols. Filially, it gives the proof of correctness and analysis ofcomplexity of the improved algorithm, and verifies its availability and efficiency by illustrating anexample protocol.展开更多
With the rapid exhaustion of fossil energy, the demand for clean and renewable energy is urgently growing. Thermoelectric(TE) materials, which can directly convert waste heat into electrical energy, are attracting gre...With the rapid exhaustion of fossil energy, the demand for clean and renewable energy is urgently growing. Thermoelectric(TE) materials, which can directly convert waste heat into electrical energy, are attracting great attention to address the energy crisis [1–3].展开更多
The China (Shenzhen) Business Invitation Convention for Tourist Scenic Spots and Hotels ’94, a great gathering held for the first time by China’s tourist trade, achieved outstanding results with a total of US$2.048 ...The China (Shenzhen) Business Invitation Convention for Tourist Scenic Spots and Hotels ’94, a great gathering held for the first time by China’s tourist trade, achieved outstanding results with a total of US$2.048 billion introduced. This business invitation convention was hosted jointly by the National Tourist Bureau and the Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government, in which over 2,000 representatives of 274 tourist units in this country’s 29 provinces and展开更多
Over 500 people of the shipping and transport fraternity gathered at Darling Harbor in Sydney on 17 October for the Australian Shipping and Transport Awards 2001 hosted by Lloyd’s List DCN. Through shipping and trans...Over 500 people of the shipping and transport fraternity gathered at Darling Harbor in Sydney on 17 October for the Australian Shipping and Transport Awards 2001 hosted by Lloyd’s List DCN. Through shipping and transport industry voting, COSCO has overcome strong competition on the Australia/East Asia trade to become winner of Customer Service Award. Other awards include three Highly Commended Award for Customer Service on the Australia/North Asia trade, and Sailing Schedule Reliability on both Australia/East Asia and North Asia trades. This is the sixth time for COSCO to be rewarded by Australian shipping industry. The awards show展开更多
Although all the symptoms of lack-of-sustainability are physical, the cause is a mindset that needs to be changed. The mindset includes an addictive lock on wanting materialistic solutions to all problems, most of whi...Although all the symptoms of lack-of-sustainability are physical, the cause is a mindset that needs to be changed. The mindset includes an addictive lock on wanting materialistic solutions to all problems, most of which are not materialistic, but are existential problems about meaningfulness in life. Meaningfulness is an inner understanding about life that is only achieved by insightful reflective thought. This kind of growth is enabled by the right kind of caring leadership that enables people to realise and properly establish their existential relationship with Nature.展开更多
Obtaining noncentrosymmetric structures and achieving desired performance indicators in nonlinear optics(NLO)are ongoing challenges.In this work,the rational design of an A-site cation(di(pyridin-4-yl)amine cation,[C_...Obtaining noncentrosymmetric structures and achieving desired performance indicators in nonlinear optics(NLO)are ongoing challenges.In this work,the rational design of an A-site cation(di(pyridin-4-yl)amine cation,[C_(10)H_(11)N_(3)]),stereochemically active lone pair cation(Pb^(2+))and halogen substitutes in hybrid metal halide perovskites(ABX3)was utilized to obtain two novel NLO crystals,(C_(10)H_(11)N_(3))PbX_(4)(X=Cl or Br),achieving desirable NLO performance,including pronounced anisotropy of second harmonic generation(SHG).Through the introduction of PbX_(6)octahedrons in the(C_(10)H_(11)N_(3))BX_(4)system,compounds transformed from zero-dimensional to one-dimensional structures,resulting in significantly enhanced SHG activity.By controlling the halogen atoms,the SHG effect and birefringence of(C_(10)H_(11)N_(3))PbX_(4)were further improved.Experimental and theoretical studies validated that the improved NLO performance in the(C_(10)H_(11)N_(3))PbX_(4)system is closely related to the modulation of the octahedral distortion of PbX_(6).The successful utilization of such structural dimension evolution and halogen substitution strategy offers a universal way for the rational regulation of crystal structures and optoelectronic performance of hybrid metal halide perovskites.展开更多
Decision makers often face the need of performance guarantee with some sufficiently high proba-bility. Such problems can be modelled using a discrete time Markov decision process (MDP) with a probabilitycriterion for ...Decision makers often face the need of performance guarantee with some sufficiently high proba-bility. Such problems can be modelled using a discrete time Markov decision process (MDP) with a probabilitycriterion for the first achieving target value. The objective is to find a policy that maximizes the probabilityof the total discounted reward exceeding a target value in the preceding stages. We show that our formula-tion cannot be described by former models with standard criteria. We provide the properties of the objectivefunctions, optimal value functions and optimal policies. An algorithm for computing the optimal policies forthe finite horizon case is given. In this stochastic stopping model, we prove that there exists an optimal deter-ministic and stationary policy and the optimality equation has a unique solution. Using perturbation analysis,we approximate general models and prove the existence of ε-optimal policy for finite state space. We give anexample for the reliability of the satellite systems using the above theory. Finally, we extend these results tomore general cases.展开更多
The skill of Listening with comprehension is anessential part of communication and basic to ESL/EFL learning.Prediction is also a key process in un-derstanding spoken language.This article intends tooffer a definition...The skill of Listening with comprehension is anessential part of communication and basic to ESL/EFL learning.Prediction is also a key process in un-derstanding spoken language.This article intends tooffer a definition for prediction in ESL/EFL listening,examines its foundations,draws some insights into itsnature,and illustrates how to develop and employprediction in pre-listening and while-listening stages,also how to‘repair’prediction in the post-listeningstage,in an attempt to help listeners achieve the goalof better understanding.展开更多
Rational design/screening of more active,more selective,and less expensive catalysts has long been an important target in heterogeneous catalysis [1].In recent decades,the advances of density functional theory (DFT)ca...Rational design/screening of more active,more selective,and less expensive catalysts has long been an important target in heterogeneous catalysis [1].In recent decades,the advances of density functional theory (DFT)calculations allow us to theoretically evaluate the activity of catalysts.As shown in Figure 1(a),kinetics serves as the link between the atomic-scale properties obtained by DFT and turnover frequency (TOF)of catalysts.展开更多
Single-pixel cameras, which employ either structured illumination or image modulation and compressive sensing algorithms, provide an alternative approach to imaging in scenarios where the use of a detector array is re...Single-pixel cameras, which employ either structured illumination or image modulation and compressive sensing algorithms, provide an alternative approach to imaging in scenarios where the use of a detector array is restricted or difficult because of cost or technological constraints. In this work, we present a robust imaging method based on compressive imaging that sets two thresholds to select the measurement data for image reconstruction. The experimental and numerical simulation results show that the proposed double-threshold compressive imaging protocol provides better image quality than previous compressive imaging schemes. Faster imaging speeds can be attained using this scheme because it requires less data storage space and computing time. Thus, this denoising method offers a very effective approach to promote the implementation of compressive imaging in real-time practical applications.展开更多
Contemporary Social Sciences publishes outstanding research in the field of social sciences in China and also includes high-quality research work by foreign scholars on the development of China’s western regions and ...Contemporary Social Sciences publishes outstanding research in the field of social sciences in China and also includes high-quality research work by foreign scholars on the development of China’s western regions and its reform and opening up.The aim is to help promote China’s academic achievements to the world and give China a stronger voice in the global community of social sciences.The scopes of research fields for consideration include,but not limited to political science,economics,literature,linguistics,journalism and communication,education,sociology,philosophy,history,law,and interdisciplinary research.展开更多
Prepared with concrete and pragmatic questions,members of a media delegation from the Republic of the Congo toured the cities of Yunfu and Zhaoqing in Guangdong Province from 16 to 22 November 2025.They visited produc...Prepared with concrete and pragmatic questions,members of a media delegation from the Republic of the Congo toured the cities of Yunfu and Zhaoqing in Guangdong Province from 16 to 22 November 2025.They visited production workshops,explored research institutes,toured beautiful villages and discovered archaeological sites,searching for the keys to Chinese modernisation in its many dimensions.展开更多
The list of Top 10News Stories on2025 LancangMekong Cooperation was officially released on February 4 in Luang Prabang, Laos, highlighting key achievements and milestones of cooperation among the six Lancang-Mekong co...The list of Top 10News Stories on2025 LancangMekong Cooperation was officially released on February 4 in Luang Prabang, Laos, highlighting key achievements and milestones of cooperation among the six Lancang-Mekong countries over the past year.展开更多
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)is envisioned as a promising technology to improve the system capacity of 6G network,by controlling the electromagnetic wave propagation.Most existing works use the Central Limit...Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)is envisioned as a promising technology to improve the system capacity of 6G network,by controlling the electromagnetic wave propagation.Most existing works use the Central Limit Theorem(CLT)to analyze the performance of RIS-assisted systems for large number of reflective elements.However,the assumption of extremely large number of elements may not be practical in the actual situation.In addition,the CLT-based approximation yields an inaccurate scaling law of the outage probability when the transmit Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)tends to infinity.Motivated by these limitations,in this paper,we investigate the performance of RIS-assisted cellular networks with multiple Device-to-Device(D2D)users under the general fading channels,i.e.,Nakagami-m fading channels.We propose a tractable solution to evaluate the outage probability and the ergodic achievable rate,which is accurate for any number of reflective elements,any network topology,as well as any SNR.In addition,the accurate approximations for the high SNR case and the large number of reflective elements case are further derived in simpler closed form.Numerical results verify the accuracy of our analytical results and analyze the performance between CLT and the proposed method.展开更多
Contemporary Social Sciences is an English-language journal founded by Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences(SASS)in March 2016.It is China’s first and only English academic journal established by a local academy of soc...Contemporary Social Sciences is an English-language journal founded by Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences(SASS)in March 2016.It is China’s first and only English academic journal established by a local academy of social sciences,as well as Sichuan’s only English academic journal in humanities and social sciences with a CN serial number.As a publication run in line with the requirements of China’s press and publication authority,Contemporary Social Sciences publishes outstanding research in the field of social sciences in China and also includes high-quality research work by foreign scholars on the development of China’s western regions and its reform and opening up.The aim is to help promote China’s academic achievements to the world and give China a stronger voice in the global community of social sciences.展开更多
基金Supported by General Project of Shanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2023ZYYA007&2024ZYY2D009)Young Scientists Project of Shanxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology(202203021212026)Scientific and Technological Innovation Capacity Cultivation Program for Basic and Clinical Cooperative Research Project of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine(2024PY-JL-23-01).
文摘This study makes an in-depth exploration of the core pathogenesis of chronic atrophic gastritis,Qi Deficiency with Stagnation,to systematically interpret it within the theoretical framework of Achieving Central Harmony,and to provide a treatment plan.Professor Li Tingquan believes that the occurrence and development of chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)is fundamentally a process of harmony imbalance of the spleen and stomach.Its specific manifestation lies in the interaction between qi deficiency and stagnation,namely,spleen deficiency as the root cause,and qi stagnation,phlegm-dampness,and blood stasis obstructing the middle energizer as the secondary manifestations.These factors are mutually causal and interact with one another.Based on this,he proposed a four-step method to treat the disease:eliminating pathogenic factors,harmonizing the spleen and stomach,activating blood circulation to resolve stasis,and tonifying the kidney to generate blood(metaphorically described as"closing the mountains to cultivate forests and thicken the soil,breeding seeds and irrigating for stomach recovery").This approach aims to restore the harmonious state of the middle energizer,providing a complete clinical framework of theory,principle,formula,and herbs for the prevention and treatment of CAG.
文摘This paper discusses the algorithms for achieving global states and self-stabilizationfor communication protocols. It first describes a primary algorithm including its suitability forachieving global states and limitation of self-stabilization for communication protocols, and thenpresents an improved algorithm that can be suitable to achieve global states and can be also usedto self-stabilizing communication protocols. Filially, it gives the proof of correctness and analysis ofcomplexity of the improved algorithm, and verifies its availability and efficiency by illustrating anexample protocol.
基金financially supported by the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program (No. XLYC1807209)。
文摘With the rapid exhaustion of fossil energy, the demand for clean and renewable energy is urgently growing. Thermoelectric(TE) materials, which can directly convert waste heat into electrical energy, are attracting great attention to address the energy crisis [1–3].
文摘The China (Shenzhen) Business Invitation Convention for Tourist Scenic Spots and Hotels ’94, a great gathering held for the first time by China’s tourist trade, achieved outstanding results with a total of US$2.048 billion introduced. This business invitation convention was hosted jointly by the National Tourist Bureau and the Shenzhen Municipal People’s Government, in which over 2,000 representatives of 274 tourist units in this country’s 29 provinces and
文摘Over 500 people of the shipping and transport fraternity gathered at Darling Harbor in Sydney on 17 October for the Australian Shipping and Transport Awards 2001 hosted by Lloyd’s List DCN. Through shipping and transport industry voting, COSCO has overcome strong competition on the Australia/East Asia trade to become winner of Customer Service Award. Other awards include three Highly Commended Award for Customer Service on the Australia/North Asia trade, and Sailing Schedule Reliability on both Australia/East Asia and North Asia trades. This is the sixth time for COSCO to be rewarded by Australian shipping industry. The awards show
文摘Although all the symptoms of lack-of-sustainability are physical, the cause is a mindset that needs to be changed. The mindset includes an addictive lock on wanting materialistic solutions to all problems, most of which are not materialistic, but are existential problems about meaningfulness in life. Meaningfulness is an inner understanding about life that is only achieved by insightful reflective thought. This kind of growth is enabled by the right kind of caring leadership that enables people to realise and properly establish their existential relationship with Nature.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(22261023,22361021 and 22201110)for the financial support.
文摘Obtaining noncentrosymmetric structures and achieving desired performance indicators in nonlinear optics(NLO)are ongoing challenges.In this work,the rational design of an A-site cation(di(pyridin-4-yl)amine cation,[C_(10)H_(11)N_(3)]),stereochemically active lone pair cation(Pb^(2+))and halogen substitutes in hybrid metal halide perovskites(ABX3)was utilized to obtain two novel NLO crystals,(C_(10)H_(11)N_(3))PbX_(4)(X=Cl or Br),achieving desirable NLO performance,including pronounced anisotropy of second harmonic generation(SHG).Through the introduction of PbX_(6)octahedrons in the(C_(10)H_(11)N_(3))BX_(4)system,compounds transformed from zero-dimensional to one-dimensional structures,resulting in significantly enhanced SHG activity.By controlling the halogen atoms,the SHG effect and birefringence of(C_(10)H_(11)N_(3))PbX_(4)were further improved.Experimental and theoretical studies validated that the improved NLO performance in the(C_(10)H_(11)N_(3))PbX_(4)system is closely related to the modulation of the octahedral distortion of PbX_(6).The successful utilization of such structural dimension evolution and halogen substitution strategy offers a universal way for the rational regulation of crystal structures and optoelectronic performance of hybrid metal halide perovskites.
基金We thank the referees for their valuable comments and suggestions.This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.19871046).
文摘Decision makers often face the need of performance guarantee with some sufficiently high proba-bility. Such problems can be modelled using a discrete time Markov decision process (MDP) with a probabilitycriterion for the first achieving target value. The objective is to find a policy that maximizes the probabilityof the total discounted reward exceeding a target value in the preceding stages. We show that our formula-tion cannot be described by former models with standard criteria. We provide the properties of the objectivefunctions, optimal value functions and optimal policies. An algorithm for computing the optimal policies forthe finite horizon case is given. In this stochastic stopping model, we prove that there exists an optimal deter-ministic and stationary policy and the optimality equation has a unique solution. Using perturbation analysis,we approximate general models and prove the existence of ε-optimal policy for finite state space. We give anexample for the reliability of the satellite systems using the above theory. Finally, we extend these results tomore general cases.
文摘The skill of Listening with comprehension is anessential part of communication and basic to ESL/EFL learning.Prediction is also a key process in un-derstanding spoken language.This article intends tooffer a definition for prediction in ESL/EFL listening,examines its foundations,draws some insights into itsnature,and illustrates how to develop and employprediction in pre-listening and while-listening stages,also how to‘repair’prediction in the post-listeningstage,in an attempt to help listeners achieve the goalof better understanding.
文摘Rational design/screening of more active,more selective,and less expensive catalysts has long been an important target in heterogeneous catalysis [1].In recent decades,the advances of density functional theory (DFT)calculations allow us to theoretically evaluate the activity of catalysts.As shown in Figure 1(a),kinetics serves as the link between the atomic-scale properties obtained by DFT and turnover frequency (TOF)of catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11675014,61605218,61601442,61575207,and 61474123)the National Major Scientific Instruments Development Project of China(No.2013YQ030595)+2 种基金the National Defense Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences,the Science and Technology Innovation Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.CXJJ-16S047)the Program of International Science and Technology Cooperation(No.2016YFE0131500)the Advance Research Project(No.30102070101)
文摘Single-pixel cameras, which employ either structured illumination or image modulation and compressive sensing algorithms, provide an alternative approach to imaging in scenarios where the use of a detector array is restricted or difficult because of cost or technological constraints. In this work, we present a robust imaging method based on compressive imaging that sets two thresholds to select the measurement data for image reconstruction. The experimental and numerical simulation results show that the proposed double-threshold compressive imaging protocol provides better image quality than previous compressive imaging schemes. Faster imaging speeds can be attained using this scheme because it requires less data storage space and computing time. Thus, this denoising method offers a very effective approach to promote the implementation of compressive imaging in real-time practical applications.
文摘Contemporary Social Sciences publishes outstanding research in the field of social sciences in China and also includes high-quality research work by foreign scholars on the development of China’s western regions and its reform and opening up.The aim is to help promote China’s academic achievements to the world and give China a stronger voice in the global community of social sciences.The scopes of research fields for consideration include,but not limited to political science,economics,literature,linguistics,journalism and communication,education,sociology,philosophy,history,law,and interdisciplinary research.
文摘Prepared with concrete and pragmatic questions,members of a media delegation from the Republic of the Congo toured the cities of Yunfu and Zhaoqing in Guangdong Province from 16 to 22 November 2025.They visited production workshops,explored research institutes,toured beautiful villages and discovered archaeological sites,searching for the keys to Chinese modernisation in its many dimensions.
文摘The list of Top 10News Stories on2025 LancangMekong Cooperation was officially released on February 4 in Luang Prabang, Laos, highlighting key achievements and milestones of cooperation among the six Lancang-Mekong countries over the past year.
基金supported in part by Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program(No.BE2023022-2)in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62471204,92367302)in part by Major Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province(No.24KJA510003)。
文摘Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS)is envisioned as a promising technology to improve the system capacity of 6G network,by controlling the electromagnetic wave propagation.Most existing works use the Central Limit Theorem(CLT)to analyze the performance of RIS-assisted systems for large number of reflective elements.However,the assumption of extremely large number of elements may not be practical in the actual situation.In addition,the CLT-based approximation yields an inaccurate scaling law of the outage probability when the transmit Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR)tends to infinity.Motivated by these limitations,in this paper,we investigate the performance of RIS-assisted cellular networks with multiple Device-to-Device(D2D)users under the general fading channels,i.e.,Nakagami-m fading channels.We propose a tractable solution to evaluate the outage probability and the ergodic achievable rate,which is accurate for any number of reflective elements,any network topology,as well as any SNR.In addition,the accurate approximations for the high SNR case and the large number of reflective elements case are further derived in simpler closed form.Numerical results verify the accuracy of our analytical results and analyze the performance between CLT and the proposed method.
文摘Contemporary Social Sciences is an English-language journal founded by Sichuan Academy of Social Sciences(SASS)in March 2016.It is China’s first and only English academic journal established by a local academy of social sciences,as well as Sichuan’s only English academic journal in humanities and social sciences with a CN serial number.As a publication run in line with the requirements of China’s press and publication authority,Contemporary Social Sciences publishes outstanding research in the field of social sciences in China and also includes high-quality research work by foreign scholars on the development of China’s western regions and its reform and opening up.The aim is to help promote China’s academic achievements to the world and give China a stronger voice in the global community of social sciences.
