AIM:To investigate the effects of binocular fusional C-optotypes(positive/negative)and 2D planar C-optotypes on the amplitude and stability of transient accommodation(TAC)in adults,and to provide a basis for non-conta...AIM:To investigate the effects of binocular fusional C-optotypes(positive/negative)and 2D planar C-optotypes on the amplitude and stability of transient accommodation(TAC)in adults,and to provide a basis for non-contact myopia intervention.METHODS:This was a self-controlled study.Using redblue 3D technology,four experimental stages were set up:Test A[fixating on the 1 m negative fusional C-optotypes,8△base-in(BI)],Test B(fixating on the 5 m planar C-optotypes),Test C(fixating on the 1 m planar C-optotypes),and Test D[fixating on the 1 m positive fusional C-optotypes,20△base-out(BO)].A WAM-5500 open-field autorefractor was used to measure TAC and accommodative microfluctuations[evaluated via interquartile range(IQR)and median-based coefficient of variation(CVmed)].Additionally,the convergence accommodation to convergence(CA/C)ratio was calculated,and a visual fatigue questionnaire was administered to assess participants’subjective visual comfort.RESULTS:A total of 21 subjects(7 males,14 females;aged 23-41y)with normal binocular visual function were enrolled.The results showed that the TAC increased gradually across the four stages,and these values were Test A(-0.35±0.26 D)<Test B(-0.46±0.24 D)<Test C(-0.77±0.32 D)<Test D(-1.38±0.31 D).There were significant overall differences(F=56.136,P<0.001).Compared with Test C,Test A reduced TAC by 0.42 D(P<0.05),while Test D increased it by 0.61 D(P<0.001).There was no significant intergroup difference in accommodative fluctuation amplitude(all P>0.05),but the fluctuation stability of Test D showed a significant difference between the first 20s and the second 20s(P=0.017).The CA/C ratio was significantly higher in Test D(0.05±0.02 D/△)than in Test A(0.03±0.02 D/△,P=0.007),indicating stronger accommodation-convergence linkage during positive fusional fixation.The visual fatigue scores of all stages were low(median 0-1),with Test D slightly higher than Test B and Test C(P<0.05).No linear correlation was found between TAC and age(all r<0.1,P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Negative fusional C-optotypes induce ciliary muscle relaxation to reduce TAC,while positive fusional C-optotypes enhance accommodation-convergence coordination to increase TAC.The red-blue 3D-based noncontact training mode exhibits good safety(median visual fatigue scores:0-1 across all tests)and provides a novel dual-directional(relaxation-activation)strategy for myopia prevention and control.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of the total computer vision syndrome questionnaire(CVS-Q)score as a predictive tool for identifying individuals with symptomatic binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors.METHODS:A...AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of the total computer vision syndrome questionnaire(CVS-Q)score as a predictive tool for identifying individuals with symptomatic binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors.METHODS:A total of 141 healthy computer users underwent comprehensive clinical visual function assessments,including evaluations of refractive errors,accommodation(amplitude of accommodation,positive relative accommodation,negative relative accommodation,accommodative accuracy,and accommodative facility),and vergence(phoria,positive and negative fusional vergence,near point of convergence,and vergence facility).Total CVS-Q scores were recorded to explore potential associations between symptom scores and the aforementioned clinical visual function parameters.RESULTS:The cohort included 54 males(38.3%)with a mean age of 23.9±0.58y and 87 age-matched females(61.7%)with a mean age of 23.9±0.53y.The multiple regression model was statistically significant[R²=0.60,F=13.28,degrees of freedom(DF=17122,P<0.001].This indicates that 60%of the variance in total CVS-Q scores(reflecting reported symptoms)could be explained by four clinical measurements:amplitude of accommodation,positive relative accommodation,exophoria at distance and near,and positive fusional vergence at near.CONCLUSION:The total CVS-Q score is a valid and reliable tool for predicting the presence of various nonstrabismic binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors in symptomatic computer users.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the effects of refractive errors and binocular vision anomalies on the quality of life(QOL)of university students.METHODS:This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on university students usin...AIM:To evaluate the effects of refractive errors and binocular vision anomalies on the quality of life(QOL)of university students.METHODS:This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on university students using simple random sampling.Objective refraction,ocular alignment,vergence and accommodative performance were measured and assessed in all participants.Data on QOL were collected using the College of Optometrists in Vision Development-Quality of Life(COVD-QOL)Questionnaire.The effect of mentioned parameters on the QOL were evaluated.RESULTS:Totally 726 students with mean age of 21.35±1.88y were evaluated in this study,51.5%of whom were female.Esophoria was caused significantly lower QOL in the domains of somatic symptoms and occupationalphysical symptoms(P<0.05);Besides,esotropia decreased QOL in domains of somatic symptoms P=0.002 and psychological factors(P=0.023).Students with accommodation insufficiency experienced more symptoms in all domains(P<0.05)except for psychological factors(P=0.07).Increasing in the near point of convergence and accommodation and decreases QOL and increasing accommodative facility increases QOL(all P<0.05).Myopia and astigmatism cause decrease in QOL(both P<0.05),but hyperopic students had better QOL in comparison with others(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Screening programs and treatment of refractive errors and binocular vision anomalies,especially phoria and accommodative insufficiency,positively impact the QOL and academic achievements of university students.展开更多
The selection of twin variants plays a critical role in shaping the deformation texture and mechanical properties of magnesium alloys that are limited by slip systems and diverse twinning modes.In this study,we invest...The selection of twin variants plays a critical role in shaping the deformation texture and mechanical properties of magnesium alloys that are limited by slip systems and diverse twinning modes.In this study,we investigated the twin variant selection and the effect of twinning activity on the strain hardening of a hot-rolled AZ31 magnesium alloy by quasi-in-situ EBSD.Moreover,the Schmid factors and the displacement gradient tensors were computed to evaluate the activation of twin variants.The results reveal that the yield strength increased progressively after each deformation step,driven by grain subdivision and texture hardening induced by extension{1012}twinning and the Basinski effect at large strains.The nucleation and growth of the{1012}twins occurred either sequentially or simultaneously during the plastic deformation.At low plastic strains,the activation of most twin variants followed the high Schmid factor criterion while the other twin variants with lower Schmid factors were activated due to the interactions with preexisting twins characterized by high misorientation angles(around 60°).Additionally,this non-Schmid factor scenario was also attributed to low coordinated strain requirements from neighboring grains,showing the critical role of local deformation accommodation in the twinning process.These findings advance the fundamental understanding of the twin variant selection and its implications for the microstructure-property relationship in magnesium alloys for structural applications.展开更多
Psychoeducation is a structured but straightforward and effective treatment,which consists of educating patients and family members about psychiatric disorders,teaching them to cope with the illness,and supporting the...Psychoeducation is a structured but straightforward and effective treatment,which consists of educating patients and family members about psychiatric disorders,teaching them to cope with the illness,and supporting them during treatment.Psychoeducation as an independent treatment is effective in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Psychoeducation is a core component of cognitivebehavioural therapy(CBT)or exposure and response prevention(ERP)treatment,which are the standard psychotherapeutic treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD).However,research on the benefits of psychoeducational treatments in OCD is limited compared to schizophrenia and bipolar disorders.Very few studies have examined psychoeducation as an independent treatment for OCD,and its efficacy is not proven.The effectiveness of CBT or ERP for OCD is well established,but the contribution of psychoeducation to the efficacy of these treatments is unclear.Recently,there has been a greater understanding of maladaptive family responses,such as accommodation and antagonism,that worsen the outcome and treatment response in OCD.Family-based psychoeducational treatments targeting inappropriate family responses are effective in reducing obsessional symptoms,attenuating the negative family impact of OCD,and improving patient and family functioning.Family-based psychoeducation is a promising treatment for OCD,but there are methodological issues with the evidence,and trials among adult patients are limited compared to children and adolescents.The other obstacles to the implementation of psychoeducational treatments of OCD are the large treatment gap,lack of research from low-and middle-income countries,and the limited attempts to develop culturally adapted treatments in these countries.Thus,further research should focus on optimising psychoeducational treatments for OCD and efficiently delivering these treatments in routine clinical settings.展开更多
This study delves into crucial design considerations for residential product supplements,aiming for alignment with modern needs and evolving lifestyles.Given the central importance of housing to product designers,it’...This study delves into crucial design considerations for residential product supplements,aiming for alignment with modern needs and evolving lifestyles.Given the central importance of housing to product designers,it’s essential to develop complementary products satisfying individual and collective demands amidst cultural,technological,and environmental shifts.This research intends to pinpoint key design principles ensuring functionality,safety,and aesthetic harmony within residential settings.Employing a mixed-methods approach,the study integrates descriptive-analytical analysis with field observations to scrutinize user needs,material performance,and spatial adaptability.The findings underscore significance of the environmental compatibility,cultural and religious sensitivity,and judicious material selection.Suspended exterior elements,especially on wind-exposed facades like northeastern ones,require stable,non-moving systems using cylindrical or square metallic or non-metallic pipes for enhanced durability.Entrance supplements should feature simplicity and clear definition,while kitchen elements must utilize non-flammable,moisture-resistant,and easily maintained materials,avoiding wood or similarly flammable substances.Optimal distribution and product placement are vital for upholding safety and ease of movement.In conclusion,the study provides practical recommendations for sustainable,culturally attuned,and functional design innovations in residential product development,offering a framework for designers to craft spaces meeting contemporary demands while honoring local traditions and environmental conditions.展开更多
Crystallographic texture engineering is a key strategy for enhancing the mechanical properties of polycrystalline magnesium(Mg)alloys.Due to the intrinsic anisotropy of the hexagonal close-packed(HCP)structure,the def...Crystallographic texture engineering is a key strategy for enhancing the mechanical properties of polycrystalline magnesium(Mg)alloys.Due to the intrinsic anisotropy of the hexagonal close-packed(HCP)structure,the deformation behavior of Mg alloys is significantly governed by individual grain deformation and multi-grain interactions,both dictated by crystallographic texture.In the current study,enhanced ductility was achieved in a Mg-Al-Zn-Mn dilute alloy by tailoring a strong basal texture into a transverse-direction-spread elliptical texture through the minor addition of yttrium(Y).Systematic quasi-in-situ electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)and dislocation/disclination density analyses were performed to examine the microstructural evolution during deformation.We found that disclinations emerge from defect reactions,including dislocation-grain boundary(GB)and twin-GB interactions,which facilitate twinning plasticity and intergranular accommodation in the elliptical-textured alloy,resulting in improved work-hardening capacity and higher ductility(28.5% along the rolling direction and 32.2%along the transverse direction).By introducing disclination analysis to elucidate defect reactions,multi-grain interactions and the associated microstructure-property relationships in polycrystalline metals,our work provides new insights into the design of advanced Mg alloys with enhanced ductility and formability through crystallographic texture engineering.展开更多
ISO releases two standards for tourism ISO 9468:2025,Tourism and related services-Online travel agency(OTA)-Guidelines for online accommodation booking platform services,and ISO 25639-1:2025,Exhibitions and events-Par...ISO releases two standards for tourism ISO 9468:2025,Tourism and related services-Online travel agency(OTA)-Guidelines for online accommodation booking platform services,and ISO 25639-1:2025,Exhibitions and events-Part 1:Vocabulary,were released recently,the development of which were led by China.展开更多
AIM:To explore choroidal thickness(CT)and choroidal vascularity index(CVI)changes around the macula and optic nerve head(ONH)using swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)after small-incision lenticule extrac...AIM:To explore choroidal thickness(CT)and choroidal vascularity index(CVI)changes around the macula and optic nerve head(ONH)using swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)after small-incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and evaluate their associations with accommodation and aberrations.METHODS:Participants were divided into more myopic group(43 eyes)and less myopic group(33 eyes)according to refractive error.SS-OCT,negative relative accommodation(NRA),and positive relative accommodation(PRA)were analyzed before and 1d,1wk,and 1mo postoperatively.Root mean square higher-order aberrations(RMS HOAs),spherical aberrations(SAs),and coma were compared preoperative,1wk,and 1mo postoperatively.RESULTS:After surgery,RMS(0.29±0.26)and Coma(0.16±0.19)all increased.In the more myopic group,central and T macular CT(247.58±63.81 a n d 276.45±62.52μm)increased.NRA(0.41±0.51)and PRA(0.10±1.30)decreased,and SAs(0.21±0.21)increased.In the less myopic group,all regional and mean macular CT increased.NRA was correlated with mean and inferior CTs and mean ONH CVI.SE was correlated with macular CT,CVI,and ONH CT.Mean macular and ONH CTs were associated with RMS HOA,SA,and coma.Macular T2 CT was a significant predictor of SA.Macular T2 and N1 CT were correlated with coma.CONCLUSION:More variations in accommodation and aberrations and fewer choroid thickens on macular and ONH are found in more myopic eyes after SMILE.Choroidal values are associated with accommodation and aberrations during SMILE.Choroid parameters on SS-OCT varies in eyes with different refractive errors after SMILE and has an association with accommodation and visual quality.展开更多
Two international standards on tourism,ISO 9468:2025,Tourism and related services-Online travel agency(OTA)-Guidelines for online accommodation booking platform services,and ISO 25639-1:2025,Exhibitions and events-Par...Two international standards on tourism,ISO 9468:2025,Tourism and related services-Online travel agency(OTA)-Guidelines for online accommodation booking platform services,and ISO 25639-1:2025,Exhibitions and events-Part 1:Vocabulary,were recently released by ISO,the development of which was led by China.展开更多
Against the backdrop of active global responses to climate change and the accelerated green and low-carbon energy transition,the co-optimization and innovative mechanism design of multimodal energy systems have become...Against the backdrop of active global responses to climate change and the accelerated green and low-carbon energy transition,the co-optimization and innovative mechanism design of multimodal energy systems have become a significant instrument for propelling the energy revolution and ensuring energy security.Under increasingly stringent carbon emission constraints,how to achieve multi-dimensional improvements in energy utilization efficiency,renewable energy accommodation levels,and system economics-through the intelligent coupling of diverse energy carriers such as electricity,heat,natural gas,and hydrogen,and the effective application of market-based instruments like carbon trading and demand response-constitutes a critical scientific and engineering challenge demanding urgent solutions.展开更多
To address the issues of unclear carbon responsibility attribution,insufficient renewable energy absorption,and simplistic carbon trading mechanisms in integrated energy systems,this paper proposes an electricheat-hyd...To address the issues of unclear carbon responsibility attribution,insufficient renewable energy absorption,and simplistic carbon trading mechanisms in integrated energy systems,this paper proposes an electricheat-hydrogen integrated energy system(EHH-IES)optimal scheduling model considering carbon emission stream(CES)and wind-solar accommodation.First,the CES theory is introduced to quantify the carbon emission intensity of each energy conversion device and transmission branch by defining carbon emission rate,branch carbon intensity,and node carbon potential,realizing accurate tracking of carbon flow in the process of multi-energy coupling.Second,a stepped carbon pricing mechanism is established to dynamically adjust carbon trading costs based on the deviation between actual carbon emissions and initial quotas,strengthening the emission reduction incentive.Finally,a lowcarbon economic dispatch model is constructed with the objectives of minimizing operation cost,carbon trading cost,wind-solar curtailment penalty cost,and energy loss.Simulation results show that compared with the traditional economic dispatch scheme 3,the proposed schemel reduces carbon emissions by 53.97%and wind-solar curtailment by 68.89%with a 16.10%increase in total cost.This verifies that the model can effectively improve clean energy utilization and reduce carbon emissions,achieving low-carbon economic operation of EHH-IES,with CES theory ensuring precise carbon flow tracking across multi-energy links.展开更多
The influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS） on the cloud point temperature（Tcp） of the aqueous solution of thermoresponsive hyperbranched polyethylenimine derivative HPEI-IBAm was studied systematically. When pH ...The influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS） on the cloud point temperature（Tcp） of the aqueous solution of thermoresponsive hyperbranched polyethylenimine derivative HPEI-IBAm was studied systematically. When pH was below 8.5, HPEI-IBAm was positively-charged. Initially, the Tcp of HPEI-IBAm decreased significantly, followed by an obvious increase with the increase of SDS concentration. The lower the pH was, the higher the SDS concentration was required to achieve the minimum Tcp. When pH was above 8.5, HPEI-IBAm was neutral and raising the SDS concentration led to the gradual increase of Tcp. Compared to linear poly（N-isopropyl acrylamide）（PNIPAm）, the Tcp of the current hyperbranched HPEI-IBAm was more sensitive to SDS. The thermoresponsive HPEI-IBAm/SDS complex was used as host to accommodate the non-polar pyrene in water. The lowest SDS concentration for effectively enhancing the solubility of pyrene in water was around 6.4 mmol·L^-1. When HPEI-IBAm was present, the SDS concentration threshhold was decreased to about 0.31 mmol·L^-1. Fluorescence technique with pyrene as the hydrophobic probe demonstrated that the SDS concentration of 7.2 mmol·L^-1 was required to form the hydrophobic domain to accommodate pyrene vips without HPEI-IBAm, while only 0.2 mmol·L^-1 of SDS was required in the presence of HPEI-IBAm.展开更多
The family Symplocaceae includes over 300 species of trees and shrubs that have a disjunct distribution in the warmtemperate to tropical regions of eastern,southern,and southeastern Asia,eastern Australia,and the Amer...The family Symplocaceae includes over 300 species of trees and shrubs that have a disjunct distribution in the warmtemperate to tropical regions of eastern,southern,and southeastern Asia,eastern Australia,and the Americas.The family accommodates two genera,Cordyloblaste Hensch.ex Moritzi and Symplocos Jacq.,which comprises two subgenera,subg.展开更多
A stable and insoluble V2O5·n H2O/tetra-n-butyl titanate（TBO） hybrid xerogel was synthesized by the sol–gel method. This novel material proved to be an efficient absorbent with an absorption capacity of 179 mg...A stable and insoluble V2O5·n H2O/tetra-n-butyl titanate（TBO） hybrid xerogel was synthesized by the sol–gel method. This novel material proved to be an efficient absorbent with an absorption capacity of 179 mg·g^-1for Rhodamine B（Rh B） in water due to its unique layered structure, which can effectively accommodate Rh B molecules between its layers as demonstrated by XRD and FTIR spectroscopic analyses.展开更多
My Fair Lady is a movie about how a lower class flower girl turns to an upper class lady by simply changing her language at the help of a linguist.It demonstrates the importance of communication accommodation,especial...My Fair Lady is a movie about how a lower class flower girl turns to an upper class lady by simply changing her language at the help of a linguist.It demonstrates the importance of communication accommodation,especially convergent accommodation,in using language as code and behavior to construct identity in the target community.展开更多
Japan Airlines CFO,Norikazu SaitoJapan Airlines has adopted measures that accommodate Japan＇s rapidly aging labor workforce,and improving labor efficiency through the use of technology has helped cut working hours.CF...Japan Airlines CFO,Norikazu SaitoJapan Airlines has adopted measures that accommodate Japan＇s rapidly aging labor workforce,and improving labor efficiency through the use of technology has helped cut working hours.CFO Norikazu Saito said,＂We let employees carry tablets[and]smart phones so that they can work outside the office or at home if they wish to,＂Saito explained.展开更多
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC) is the first satellite launch site constructed in China. It is located in a very advantageous geographical position and has complete test . and launch systems, tracking and measu...Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC) is the first satellite launch site constructed in China. It is located in a very advantageous geographical position and has complete test . and launch systems, tracking and measurement equipment with high accuracy, advanced control , command and computation system, and necessary accessaries. In order to accommodate more satellite launch services both at home and abroad, all of its systems were renewed and improved successively.展开更多
文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of binocular fusional C-optotypes(positive/negative)and 2D planar C-optotypes on the amplitude and stability of transient accommodation(TAC)in adults,and to provide a basis for non-contact myopia intervention.METHODS:This was a self-controlled study.Using redblue 3D technology,four experimental stages were set up:Test A[fixating on the 1 m negative fusional C-optotypes,8△base-in(BI)],Test B(fixating on the 5 m planar C-optotypes),Test C(fixating on the 1 m planar C-optotypes),and Test D[fixating on the 1 m positive fusional C-optotypes,20△base-out(BO)].A WAM-5500 open-field autorefractor was used to measure TAC and accommodative microfluctuations[evaluated via interquartile range(IQR)and median-based coefficient of variation(CVmed)].Additionally,the convergence accommodation to convergence(CA/C)ratio was calculated,and a visual fatigue questionnaire was administered to assess participants’subjective visual comfort.RESULTS:A total of 21 subjects(7 males,14 females;aged 23-41y)with normal binocular visual function were enrolled.The results showed that the TAC increased gradually across the four stages,and these values were Test A(-0.35±0.26 D)<Test B(-0.46±0.24 D)<Test C(-0.77±0.32 D)<Test D(-1.38±0.31 D).There were significant overall differences(F=56.136,P<0.001).Compared with Test C,Test A reduced TAC by 0.42 D(P<0.05),while Test D increased it by 0.61 D(P<0.001).There was no significant intergroup difference in accommodative fluctuation amplitude(all P>0.05),but the fluctuation stability of Test D showed a significant difference between the first 20s and the second 20s(P=0.017).The CA/C ratio was significantly higher in Test D(0.05±0.02 D/△)than in Test A(0.03±0.02 D/△,P=0.007),indicating stronger accommodation-convergence linkage during positive fusional fixation.The visual fatigue scores of all stages were low(median 0-1),with Test D slightly higher than Test B and Test C(P<0.05).No linear correlation was found between TAC and age(all r<0.1,P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Negative fusional C-optotypes induce ciliary muscle relaxation to reduce TAC,while positive fusional C-optotypes enhance accommodation-convergence coordination to increase TAC.The red-blue 3D-based noncontact training mode exhibits good safety(median visual fatigue scores:0-1 across all tests)and provides a novel dual-directional(relaxation-activation)strategy for myopia prevention and control.
基金Supported by Ongoing Research Funding Program(ORFFT-2025-054-1),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of the total computer vision syndrome questionnaire(CVS-Q)score as a predictive tool for identifying individuals with symptomatic binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors.METHODS:A total of 141 healthy computer users underwent comprehensive clinical visual function assessments,including evaluations of refractive errors,accommodation(amplitude of accommodation,positive relative accommodation,negative relative accommodation,accommodative accuracy,and accommodative facility),and vergence(phoria,positive and negative fusional vergence,near point of convergence,and vergence facility).Total CVS-Q scores were recorded to explore potential associations between symptom scores and the aforementioned clinical visual function parameters.RESULTS:The cohort included 54 males(38.3%)with a mean age of 23.9±0.58y and 87 age-matched females(61.7%)with a mean age of 23.9±0.53y.The multiple regression model was statistically significant[R²=0.60,F=13.28,degrees of freedom(DF=17122,P<0.001].This indicates that 60%of the variance in total CVS-Q scores(reflecting reported symptoms)could be explained by four clinical measurements:amplitude of accommodation,positive relative accommodation,exophoria at distance and near,and positive fusional vergence at near.CONCLUSION:The total CVS-Q score is a valid and reliable tool for predicting the presence of various nonstrabismic binocular vision anomalies and refractive errors in symptomatic computer users.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the effects of refractive errors and binocular vision anomalies on the quality of life(QOL)of university students.METHODS:This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on university students using simple random sampling.Objective refraction,ocular alignment,vergence and accommodative performance were measured and assessed in all participants.Data on QOL were collected using the College of Optometrists in Vision Development-Quality of Life(COVD-QOL)Questionnaire.The effect of mentioned parameters on the QOL were evaluated.RESULTS:Totally 726 students with mean age of 21.35±1.88y were evaluated in this study,51.5%of whom were female.Esophoria was caused significantly lower QOL in the domains of somatic symptoms and occupationalphysical symptoms(P<0.05);Besides,esotropia decreased QOL in domains of somatic symptoms P=0.002 and psychological factors(P=0.023).Students with accommodation insufficiency experienced more symptoms in all domains(P<0.05)except for psychological factors(P=0.07).Increasing in the near point of convergence and accommodation and decreases QOL and increasing accommodative facility increases QOL(all P<0.05).Myopia and astigmatism cause decrease in QOL(both P<0.05),but hyperopic students had better QOL in comparison with others(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Screening programs and treatment of refractive errors and binocular vision anomalies,especially phoria and accommodative insufficiency,positively impact the QOL and academic achievements of university students.
文摘The selection of twin variants plays a critical role in shaping the deformation texture and mechanical properties of magnesium alloys that are limited by slip systems and diverse twinning modes.In this study,we investigated the twin variant selection and the effect of twinning activity on the strain hardening of a hot-rolled AZ31 magnesium alloy by quasi-in-situ EBSD.Moreover,the Schmid factors and the displacement gradient tensors were computed to evaluate the activation of twin variants.The results reveal that the yield strength increased progressively after each deformation step,driven by grain subdivision and texture hardening induced by extension{1012}twinning and the Basinski effect at large strains.The nucleation and growth of the{1012}twins occurred either sequentially or simultaneously during the plastic deformation.At low plastic strains,the activation of most twin variants followed the high Schmid factor criterion while the other twin variants with lower Schmid factors were activated due to the interactions with preexisting twins characterized by high misorientation angles(around 60°).Additionally,this non-Schmid factor scenario was also attributed to low coordinated strain requirements from neighboring grains,showing the critical role of local deformation accommodation in the twinning process.These findings advance the fundamental understanding of the twin variant selection and its implications for the microstructure-property relationship in magnesium alloys for structural applications.
文摘Psychoeducation is a structured but straightforward and effective treatment,which consists of educating patients and family members about psychiatric disorders,teaching them to cope with the illness,and supporting them during treatment.Psychoeducation as an independent treatment is effective in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.Psychoeducation is a core component of cognitivebehavioural therapy(CBT)or exposure and response prevention(ERP)treatment,which are the standard psychotherapeutic treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD).However,research on the benefits of psychoeducational treatments in OCD is limited compared to schizophrenia and bipolar disorders.Very few studies have examined psychoeducation as an independent treatment for OCD,and its efficacy is not proven.The effectiveness of CBT or ERP for OCD is well established,but the contribution of psychoeducation to the efficacy of these treatments is unclear.Recently,there has been a greater understanding of maladaptive family responses,such as accommodation and antagonism,that worsen the outcome and treatment response in OCD.Family-based psychoeducational treatments targeting inappropriate family responses are effective in reducing obsessional symptoms,attenuating the negative family impact of OCD,and improving patient and family functioning.Family-based psychoeducation is a promising treatment for OCD,but there are methodological issues with the evidence,and trials among adult patients are limited compared to children and adolescents.The other obstacles to the implementation of psychoeducational treatments of OCD are the large treatment gap,lack of research from low-and middle-income countries,and the limited attempts to develop culturally adapted treatments in these countries.Thus,further research should focus on optimising psychoeducational treatments for OCD and efficiently delivering these treatments in routine clinical settings.
基金funded by the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research,Jazan University,Saudi Arabia,through Project number:(JU-202503247-DGSSRRP-2025).
文摘This study delves into crucial design considerations for residential product supplements,aiming for alignment with modern needs and evolving lifestyles.Given the central importance of housing to product designers,it’s essential to develop complementary products satisfying individual and collective demands amidst cultural,technological,and environmental shifts.This research intends to pinpoint key design principles ensuring functionality,safety,and aesthetic harmony within residential settings.Employing a mixed-methods approach,the study integrates descriptive-analytical analysis with field observations to scrutinize user needs,material performance,and spatial adaptability.The findings underscore significance of the environmental compatibility,cultural and religious sensitivity,and judicious material selection.Suspended exterior elements,especially on wind-exposed facades like northeastern ones,require stable,non-moving systems using cylindrical or square metallic or non-metallic pipes for enhanced durability.Entrance supplements should feature simplicity and clear definition,while kitchen elements must utilize non-flammable,moisture-resistant,and easily maintained materials,avoiding wood or similarly flammable substances.Optimal distribution and product placement are vital for upholding safety and ease of movement.In conclusion,the study provides practical recommendations for sustainable,culturally attuned,and functional design innovations in residential product development,offering a framework for designers to craft spaces meeting contemporary demands while honoring local traditions and environmental conditions.
基金Financial supports from The National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U22A20109, 52171116 and 52334010)Partial financial support came from The Program for the Central University Youth Innovation TeamThe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, JLU.
文摘Crystallographic texture engineering is a key strategy for enhancing the mechanical properties of polycrystalline magnesium(Mg)alloys.Due to the intrinsic anisotropy of the hexagonal close-packed(HCP)structure,the deformation behavior of Mg alloys is significantly governed by individual grain deformation and multi-grain interactions,both dictated by crystallographic texture.In the current study,enhanced ductility was achieved in a Mg-Al-Zn-Mn dilute alloy by tailoring a strong basal texture into a transverse-direction-spread elliptical texture through the minor addition of yttrium(Y).Systematic quasi-in-situ electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)and dislocation/disclination density analyses were performed to examine the microstructural evolution during deformation.We found that disclinations emerge from defect reactions,including dislocation-grain boundary(GB)and twin-GB interactions,which facilitate twinning plasticity and intergranular accommodation in the elliptical-textured alloy,resulting in improved work-hardening capacity and higher ductility(28.5% along the rolling direction and 32.2%along the transverse direction).By introducing disclination analysis to elucidate defect reactions,multi-grain interactions and the associated microstructure-property relationships in polycrystalline metals,our work provides new insights into the design of advanced Mg alloys with enhanced ductility and formability through crystallographic texture engineering.
文摘ISO releases two standards for tourism ISO 9468:2025,Tourism and related services-Online travel agency(OTA)-Guidelines for online accommodation booking platform services,and ISO 25639-1:2025,Exhibitions and events-Part 1:Vocabulary,were released recently,the development of which were led by China.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81900910)Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ19H120003)Basic Scientific Research Project of Wenzhou(No.Y20210194,No.Y20190638).
文摘AIM:To explore choroidal thickness(CT)and choroidal vascularity index(CVI)changes around the macula and optic nerve head(ONH)using swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)after small-incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)and evaluate their associations with accommodation and aberrations.METHODS:Participants were divided into more myopic group(43 eyes)and less myopic group(33 eyes)according to refractive error.SS-OCT,negative relative accommodation(NRA),and positive relative accommodation(PRA)were analyzed before and 1d,1wk,and 1mo postoperatively.Root mean square higher-order aberrations(RMS HOAs),spherical aberrations(SAs),and coma were compared preoperative,1wk,and 1mo postoperatively.RESULTS:After surgery,RMS(0.29±0.26)and Coma(0.16±0.19)all increased.In the more myopic group,central and T macular CT(247.58±63.81 a n d 276.45±62.52μm)increased.NRA(0.41±0.51)and PRA(0.10±1.30)decreased,and SAs(0.21±0.21)increased.In the less myopic group,all regional and mean macular CT increased.NRA was correlated with mean and inferior CTs and mean ONH CVI.SE was correlated with macular CT,CVI,and ONH CT.Mean macular and ONH CTs were associated with RMS HOA,SA,and coma.Macular T2 CT was a significant predictor of SA.Macular T2 and N1 CT were correlated with coma.CONCLUSION:More variations in accommodation and aberrations and fewer choroid thickens on macular and ONH are found in more myopic eyes after SMILE.Choroidal values are associated with accommodation and aberrations during SMILE.Choroid parameters on SS-OCT varies in eyes with different refractive errors after SMILE and has an association with accommodation and visual quality.
文摘Two international standards on tourism,ISO 9468:2025,Tourism and related services-Online travel agency(OTA)-Guidelines for online accommodation booking platform services,and ISO 25639-1:2025,Exhibitions and events-Part 1:Vocabulary,were recently released by ISO,the development of which was led by China.
文摘Against the backdrop of active global responses to climate change and the accelerated green and low-carbon energy transition,the co-optimization and innovative mechanism design of multimodal energy systems have become a significant instrument for propelling the energy revolution and ensuring energy security.Under increasingly stringent carbon emission constraints,how to achieve multi-dimensional improvements in energy utilization efficiency,renewable energy accommodation levels,and system economics-through the intelligent coupling of diverse energy carriers such as electricity,heat,natural gas,and hydrogen,and the effective application of market-based instruments like carbon trading and demand response-constitutes a critical scientific and engineering challenge demanding urgent solutions.
文摘To address the issues of unclear carbon responsibility attribution,insufficient renewable energy absorption,and simplistic carbon trading mechanisms in integrated energy systems,this paper proposes an electricheat-hydrogen integrated energy system(EHH-IES)optimal scheduling model considering carbon emission stream(CES)and wind-solar accommodation.First,the CES theory is introduced to quantify the carbon emission intensity of each energy conversion device and transmission branch by defining carbon emission rate,branch carbon intensity,and node carbon potential,realizing accurate tracking of carbon flow in the process of multi-energy coupling.Second,a stepped carbon pricing mechanism is established to dynamically adjust carbon trading costs based on the deviation between actual carbon emissions and initial quotas,strengthening the emission reduction incentive.Finally,a lowcarbon economic dispatch model is constructed with the objectives of minimizing operation cost,carbon trading cost,wind-solar curtailment penalty cost,and energy loss.Simulation results show that compared with the traditional economic dispatch scheme 3,the proposed schemel reduces carbon emissions by 53.97%and wind-solar curtailment by 68.89%with a 16.10%increase in total cost.This verifies that the model can effectively improve clean energy utilization and reduce carbon emissions,achieving low-carbon economic operation of EHH-IES,with CES theory ensuring precise carbon flow tracking across multi-energy links.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.20804027 and 21274106)
文摘The influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS） on the cloud point temperature（Tcp） of the aqueous solution of thermoresponsive hyperbranched polyethylenimine derivative HPEI-IBAm was studied systematically. When pH was below 8.5, HPEI-IBAm was positively-charged. Initially, the Tcp of HPEI-IBAm decreased significantly, followed by an obvious increase with the increase of SDS concentration. The lower the pH was, the higher the SDS concentration was required to achieve the minimum Tcp. When pH was above 8.5, HPEI-IBAm was neutral and raising the SDS concentration led to the gradual increase of Tcp. Compared to linear poly（N-isopropyl acrylamide）（PNIPAm）, the Tcp of the current hyperbranched HPEI-IBAm was more sensitive to SDS. The thermoresponsive HPEI-IBAm/SDS complex was used as host to accommodate the non-polar pyrene in water. The lowest SDS concentration for effectively enhancing the solubility of pyrene in water was around 6.4 mmol·L^-1. When HPEI-IBAm was present, the SDS concentration threshhold was decreased to about 0.31 mmol·L^-1. Fluorescence technique with pyrene as the hydrophobic probe demonstrated that the SDS concentration of 7.2 mmol·L^-1 was required to form the hydrophobic domain to accommodate pyrene vips without HPEI-IBAm, while only 0.2 mmol·L^-1 of SDS was required in the presence of HPEI-IBAm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.42072020,42172015,41820104002)the research fund from Shenzhen(szbo202407)+1 种基金the State program(No.123032400066-1 Geological Institute,Russian Academy of Sciences)the research project No 122042700002-6(Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden,Russian Academy of Sciences)。
文摘The family Symplocaceae includes over 300 species of trees and shrubs that have a disjunct distribution in the warmtemperate to tropical regions of eastern,southern,and southeastern Asia,eastern Australia,and the Americas.The family accommodates two genera,Cordyloblaste Hensch.ex Moritzi and Symplocos Jacq.,which comprises two subgenera,subg.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the research assistance of Wei Qiu and the University of Auckland Summer Research Scholarship for Mona LiuThe authors are also thankful to Higher Education Commission,Pakistan for scholarship grant for one of authors,Dr.Surayya Mukhtar for this research work.
文摘A stable and insoluble V2O5·n H2O/tetra-n-butyl titanate（TBO） hybrid xerogel was synthesized by the sol–gel method. This novel material proved to be an efficient absorbent with an absorption capacity of 179 mg·g^-1for Rhodamine B（Rh B） in water due to its unique layered structure, which can effectively accommodate Rh B molecules between its layers as demonstrated by XRD and FTIR spectroscopic analyses.
文摘My Fair Lady is a movie about how a lower class flower girl turns to an upper class lady by simply changing her language at the help of a linguist.It demonstrates the importance of communication accommodation,especially convergent accommodation,in using language as code and behavior to construct identity in the target community.
文摘Japan Airlines CFO,Norikazu SaitoJapan Airlines has adopted measures that accommodate Japan＇s rapidly aging labor workforce,and improving labor efficiency through the use of technology has helped cut working hours.CFO Norikazu Saito said,＂We let employees carry tablets[and]smart phones so that they can work outside the office or at home if they wish to,＂Saito explained.
文摘Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center (JSLC) is the first satellite launch site constructed in China. It is located in a very advantageous geographical position and has complete test . and launch systems, tracking and measurement equipment with high accuracy, advanced control , command and computation system, and necessary accessaries. In order to accommodate more satellite launch services both at home and abroad, all of its systems were renewed and improved successively.
