In this paper, we analyze the physical layer abstraction for bit interleaved coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(BIC-OFDM) system from a parallel bit channel perspective. By combining the exponential effe...In this paper, we analyze the physical layer abstraction for bit interleaved coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(BIC-OFDM) system from a parallel bit channel perspective. By combining the exponential effective SNR(signal-to-noise ratio) mapping(EESM) with the maximum a posteriori(MAP) algorithm, a bit LLR(log-likelihood ratio) wise EESM(BL-EESM) method is proposed. This method can abstract the link performance with high accuracy, especially for the case when channel estimation is imperfect. Afterward, the BL-EESM method is simplified by utilizing the non-linear quantization idea, which can reduce the times of exponential operation by two orders of magnitude at wide system bandwidth, yet shows little loss in accuracy. Our proposal can be applied to both system level simulations to save the time consumption and to practical terminals to facilitate the adaptive modulation and coding(AMC) procedure, bringing about throughput improvement at low hardware cost.展开更多
Software projects are becoming larger and more complicated. Managing those projects is based on several software development methodologies. One of those methodologies is software version control, which is used in the ...Software projects are becoming larger and more complicated. Managing those projects is based on several software development methodologies. One of those methodologies is software version control, which is used in the majority of worldwide software projects. Although existing version control systems provide sufficient functionality in many situations, they are lacking in terms of semantics and structure for source code. It is commonly believed that improving software version control can contribute substantially to the development of software. We present a solution that considers a structural model for matching source code that can be used in version control.展开更多
Railway transportation system is a critical sector where design methods and techniques are defined by international standards in order to reduce possible risks to an acceptable minimum level. CENELEC 50128 strongly re...Railway transportation system is a critical sector where design methods and techniques are defined by international standards in order to reduce possible risks to an acceptable minimum level. CENELEC 50128 strongly recommends the utilization of finite state machines during system modelling stage and formal proof methods during the verifi- cation and testing stages of control algorithms. Due to the high importance of interlocking table at the design state of a sig- nalization system, the modelling and verification of inter- locking tables are examined in this work. For this purpose, abstract state machines are used as a modelling tool. The developed models have been performed in a generalized structure such that the model control can be done automatically for the interlocking systems. In this study, NuSMV is used at the verification state. Also, the consistency of the developed models has been supervised through fault injection. The developed models and software components are applied on a real railway station operated by Metro Istanbul Co.展开更多
In this research paper, we research on the automatic pattern abstraction and recognition method for large-scale database system based on natural language processing. In distributed database, through the network connec...In this research paper, we research on the automatic pattern abstraction and recognition method for large-scale database system based on natural language processing. In distributed database, through the network connection between nodes, data across different nodes and even regional distribution are well recognized. In order to reduce data redundancy and model design of the database will usually contain a lot of forms we combine the NLP theory to optimize the traditional method. The experimental analysis and simulation proves the correctness of our method.展开更多
We consider the abstract linear inequality system （A, C, b） and give a sufficient condition for the system （A, C, b） to have an error bound, which extends the previous result.
This article contains a system conversion from object oriented design into Software Product Line (SPL) using delta modeling of Abstract Behavioral Specification (ABS). ABS is a modeling language which targets system w...This article contains a system conversion from object oriented design into Software Product Line (SPL) using delta modeling of Abstract Behavioral Specification (ABS). ABS is a modeling language which targets system with high level of variety and supports SPL development with delta modeling. The case study of this thesis is a digital library system called Library Automation and Digital Archive (LONTAR). Originally, LONTAR only uses SOAP-based web service. With ABS, LONTAR will be converted into SPL and implement another web service called REST. The motivation of this conversion of LONTAR from object oriented into SPL is because it is easier to develop system with ABS than using regular object oriented. Product definition in ABS is relatively easier than creating a new subclass and do customization to make it works well.展开更多
TENORM Regulation in the United States of America post-West Virginia vs.EPA Spenser Lynn,Charles Wilson,Emily Caffrey1(1.University of Alabama at Birmingham,School of Health Professions,Clinical and Diagnostic Science...TENORM Regulation in the United States of America post-West Virginia vs.EPA Spenser Lynn,Charles Wilson,Emily Caffrey1(1.University of Alabama at Birmingham,School of Health Professions,Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences,Health Physics Program,1720 University Blvd,Birmingham,AL 35294)Abstract:The regulation of technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials(TENORM)in the United States of America consists of fragmentary rules split between the federal and state governments.展开更多
Effects of High Temperature and High Humidity on the Degree of Ocular Damage Caused by 60 GHz Millimeter Wave Exposure Masami Kojima1,2,Takafumi Tasaki3,4,Toshio Kamijo5,Aki Hada5,Yukihisa Suzuki5,Masateru Ikehata6,Hi...Effects of High Temperature and High Humidity on the Degree of Ocular Damage Caused by 60 GHz Millimeter Wave Exposure Masami Kojima1,2,Takafumi Tasaki3,4,Toshio Kamijo5,Aki Hada5,Yukihisa Suzuki5,Masateru Ikehata6,Hiroshi Sasaki1,2(1.Division of Vision Research for Environmental Health,Medical Research Institute,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;2.Department of Ophthalmology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;3.Division of Protein Regulation Research,Medical Research Institute;4.Department of Medical Zoology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;5.Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Graduate School of Systems Design,Tokyo Metropolitan University,Tokyo,Japan;6.Comfort Science and Engineering Laboratory,Human Science Division,Railway Technical Research Institute,Tokyo,Japan)Abstract:Millimeter waves(MMW)are pervasive in society;however,studies on the biological effects of MMWexposure are usually performed in laboratory settings not reflecting global environmental diversity.We investigated the effects of a 6 min exposure to 60 GHz MMW(wavelength,5.0 mm)at incident power densities of 200 and 300 mW cm-2 in eyes(exposed right eyes vs.unexposed left eyes)under various ambient temperature/relative humidity environments(24℃/50%,45℃/20%,and 45℃/80%)using an in vivo rabbit model.Correlations were examined with adverse ocular events,including corneal epithelial damage(assessed using fluorescein staining),corneal opacity(evaluated by slit-lamp microscopy)。展开更多
Graphical abstracts(GAs)are emerging as a pivotal tool in medical literature,enhancing the dissemination and comprehension of complex clinical data through visual summaries.This editorial highlights the significant ad...Graphical abstracts(GAs)are emerging as a pivotal tool in medical literature,enhancing the dissemination and comprehension of complex clinical data through visual summaries.This editorial highlights the significant advantages of GAs,including improved clarity,increased reader engagement,and enhanced visibility of research findings.By transforming intricate scientific data into accessible visual formats,these abstracts facilitate quick and effective knowledge transfer,crucial in clinical decision-making and patient care.However,challenges such as potential data misrepresentation due to oversimplification,the skill gap in graphic design among researchers,and the lack of standardized creation guidelines pose barriers to their widespread adoption.Additionally,while software such as Adobe Illustrator,BioRender,and Canva are commonly employed to create these visuals,not all researchers may be proficient in their use.To address these issues,we recommend that academic journals establish clear guidelines and provide necessary design training to researchers.This proactive approach will ensure the creation of high-quality GAs,promote their standardization,and expand their use in clinical reporting,ultimately benefiting the medical community and improving healthcare outcomes.展开更多
This study systematically analyzes the genre structure and linguistic features of 42 English abstracts from six internationally renowned medical journals,based on the revised CARS model proposed by Swales.The research...This study systematically analyzes the genre structure and linguistic features of 42 English abstracts from six internationally renowned medical journals,based on the revised CARS model proposed by Swales.The research findings indicate that medical abstracts typically follow a three-step structure:“Establishing a Research Territory-Establishing a Research Niche-Occupying the Niche”,where the steps“Research Purpose”and“Research Results”are the most frequently utilized,forming the core content of the abstracts.Within the sequence of moves,81%conform to conventional patterns,while a minority of samples exhibit unconventional structures such as inversion,cycling,and repetition.In terms of linguistic features,the present simple tense and active voice are predominantly used,reflecting the universality of the research and the author’s agency;conversely,the simple past tense and passive voice are primarily employed to describe research methods and processes.This study reveals the writing conventions of medical abstracts,providing empirical evidence and genre reference for non-native scholars in the preparation and publication of their work in international journals.展开更多
The rise of social media platforms has revolutionized communication, enabling the exchange of vast amounts of data through text, audio, images, and videos. These platforms have become critical for sharing opinions and...The rise of social media platforms has revolutionized communication, enabling the exchange of vast amounts of data through text, audio, images, and videos. These platforms have become critical for sharing opinions and insights, influencing daily habits, and driving business, political, and economic decisions. Text posts are particularly significant, and natural language processing (NLP) has emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing such data. While traditional NLP methods have been effective for structured media, social media content poses unique challenges due to its informal and diverse nature. This has spurred the development of new techniques tailored for processing and extracting insights from unstructured user-generated text. One key application of NLP is the summarization of user comments to manage overwhelming content volumes. Abstractive summarization has proven highly effective in generating concise, human-like summaries, offering clear overviews of key themes and sentiments. This enhances understanding and engagement while reducing cognitive effort for users. For businesses, summarization provides actionable insights into customer preferences and feedback, enabling faster trend analysis, improved responsiveness, and strategic adaptability. By distilling complex data into manageable insights, summarization plays a vital role in improving user experiences and empowering informed decision-making in a data-driven landscape. This paper proposes a new implementation framework by fine-tuning and parameterizing Transformer Large Language Models to manage and maintain linguistic and semantic components in abstractive summary generation. The system excels in transforming large volumes of data into meaningful summaries, as evidenced by its strong performance across metrics like fluency, consistency, readability, and semantic coherence.展开更多
Knowledge graphs convey precise semantic information that can be effectively interpreted by neural networks,and generating descriptive text based on these graphs places significant emphasis on content consistency.Howe...Knowledge graphs convey precise semantic information that can be effectively interpreted by neural networks,and generating descriptive text based on these graphs places significant emphasis on content consistency.However,knowledge graphs are inadequate for providing additional linguistic features such as paragraph structure and expressive modes,making it challenging to ensure content coherence in generating text that spans multiple sentences.This lack of coherence can further compromise the overall consistency of the content within a paragraph.In this work,we present the generation of scientific abstracts by leveraging knowledge graphs,with a focus on enhancing both content consistency and coherence.In particular,we construct the ACL Abstract Graph Dataset(ACL-AGD)which pairs knowledge graphs with text,incorporating sentence labels to guide text structure and diverse expressions.We then implement a Siamese network to complement and concretize the entities and relations based on paragraph structure by accomplishing two tasks:graph-to-text generation and entity alignment.Extensive experiments demonstrate that the logical paragraphs generated by our method exhibit entities with a uniform position distribution and appropriate frequency.In terms of content,our method accurately represents the information encoded in the knowledge graph,prevents the generation of irrelevant content,and achieves coherent and non-redundant adjacent sentences,even with a shared knowledge graph.展开更多
English for Specific Academic Purposes(ESAP)focuses on English language skills in specific disciplines or research fields,and has played an important role in international communication in recent years.This paper aims...English for Specific Academic Purposes(ESAP)focuses on English language skills in specific disciplines or research fields,and has played an important role in international communication in recent years.This paper aims to explore the relationship between ESAP,the output of academic paper abstracts,and international communication effectiveness,so as to provide new ideas for enhancing international communication effectiveness.Through a questionnaire survey and combined with the structural equation model analysis method,the results show that the improvement of ESAP has a positive effect on the output of academic paper abstracts and international communication effectiveness;the output of academic paper abstracts can also positively enhance international communication effectiveness;meanwhile,the output of academic paper abstracts has a significant mediating effect.展开更多
The reactions of anionic zirconium oxide clusters ZrxOy- with C2H6 and C4H10 are investi-gated by a time of flight mass spectrometer coupled with a laser vaporization cluster source.Hydrogen containing products Zr2O5H...The reactions of anionic zirconium oxide clusters ZrxOy- with C2H6 and C4H10 are investi-gated by a time of flight mass spectrometer coupled with a laser vaporization cluster source.Hydrogen containing products Zr2O5H- and Zr3O7H- are observed after the reaction. Den-sity functional theory calculations indicate that the hydrogen abstraction is favorable in the reaction of Zr2O5- with C2H6, which supports that the observed Zr2O5H- and Zr3O7H- are due to hydrogen atom abstraction from the alkane molecules. This work shows a newpossible pathway in the reaction of zirconium oxide cluster anions with alkane molecules.展开更多
Pentachlorophenol, a widespread environmental pollutant that is possibly carcinogenic to humans, is metabolically oxidized to tetrachloroquinone （TCBQ） which can result in DNA damage. We have investigated the photoc...Pentachlorophenol, a widespread environmental pollutant that is possibly carcinogenic to humans, is metabolically oxidized to tetrachloroquinone （TCBQ） which can result in DNA damage. We have investigated the photochemical reaction dynamics of TCBQ with two pyrimidine type nucleobases （thymine and uracil） upon UVA （355 ran） excitation using the technique of nanosecond time-resolved laser flash photolysis. It has been found that 355 nm excitation populates TCBQ molecules to their triplet state 3TCBQ＊, which are highly reactive towards thymine or uracil and undergo two parallel reactions, the hydrogen abstraction and electron transfer, leading to the observed photoproducts of TCBQH. and TCBQ.- in transient absorption spectra. The concomitantly produced nucleobase radicals and radical cations are expected to induce a series of oxidative or strand cleavage damage to DNA afterwards. By characterizing the photochemical hydrogen abstraction and electron transfer reactions, our results provide potentially important molecular reaction mechanisms for understanding the carcinogenic effects of pentachlorophenol and its metabolites TCBQ.展开更多
The photochemical reaction process of anthraquinone-2-sodium sulfonate （AQS） in the mixture of water （H2O） and N-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate （[BPy] [BF4]） was studied using the laser flash photolysis techn...The photochemical reaction process of anthraquinone-2-sodium sulfonate （AQS） in the mixture of water （H2O） and N-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate （[BPy] [BF4]） was studied using the laser flash photolysis technique. Experimental results show that the excited triplet of AQS （3AQS＊） could react rapidly with H2O and the transient absorption spectra greatly changed by increasing the volume fraction of the ionic liquid （VIL） in [BPy][BF4]/H2O mixtures. The absorbance at 510 nm increased gradually with increasing VIL when 0〈VIL〈0.1. By contrast, the absorbance decreased gradually when VIL〉0.1. Otherwise, the absorbance of the band near 380 nm steadily increased. The apparent kinetic parameters of transient species B and ^3AQS＊ are obtained approximately. 3AQS＊ abstracting hydrogen from [BPy]＋ was also explored. It was deduced that the 350-420 nm band was the superposition of the peaks of 3AQS＊ and AQSH＇. The two reactions of 3AQS＊ with [BPy][BF4] and H2O are a pair of competitive reactions. We also concluded that the entire reaction processes slow down in the case of high [BPy] [BF4] concentrations.展开更多
In order to fully realize semantic interoperability among distributed and heterogeneous applications on the web, a set of effective interoperability mechanisms is presented. This mechanism adopts service interactive i...In order to fully realize semantic interoperability among distributed and heterogeneous applications on the web, a set of effective interoperability mechanisms is presented. This mechanism adopts service interactive interfaces （SII） and service aggregative interfaces （SAI） modeled with abstract state machine （ASM） to abstractly describe the behavior of the invoked web service instances, which makes business processing accurately specify tasks and effectively solves the problems of communication and collaboration between service providers and service requesters. The mechanism also uses appropriate mediators to solve the problems of information and coinmunication incompatibility during the course of service interaction, which is convenient for service interoperability, sharing and integration. The mechanism＇ s working principle and interoperability implementation are illustrated by a use case in detail.展开更多
基金the Shanghai Basic Research KeyProject(No.11DZ1500206)the NationalScience and Technology Major Project of China(No.2012ZX03001013-003)
文摘In this paper, we analyze the physical layer abstraction for bit interleaved coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(BIC-OFDM) system from a parallel bit channel perspective. By combining the exponential effective SNR(signal-to-noise ratio) mapping(EESM) with the maximum a posteriori(MAP) algorithm, a bit LLR(log-likelihood ratio) wise EESM(BL-EESM) method is proposed. This method can abstract the link performance with high accuracy, especially for the case when channel estimation is imperfect. Afterward, the BL-EESM method is simplified by utilizing the non-linear quantization idea, which can reduce the times of exponential operation by two orders of magnitude at wide system bandwidth, yet shows little loss in accuracy. Our proposal can be applied to both system level simulations to save the time consumption and to practical terminals to facilitate the adaptive modulation and coding(AMC) procedure, bringing about throughput improvement at low hardware cost.
文摘Software projects are becoming larger and more complicated. Managing those projects is based on several software development methodologies. One of those methodologies is software version control, which is used in the majority of worldwide software projects. Although existing version control systems provide sufficient functionality in many situations, they are lacking in terms of semantics and structure for source code. It is commonly believed that improving software version control can contribute substantially to the development of software. We present a solution that considers a structural model for matching source code that can be used in version control.
文摘Railway transportation system is a critical sector where design methods and techniques are defined by international standards in order to reduce possible risks to an acceptable minimum level. CENELEC 50128 strongly recommends the utilization of finite state machines during system modelling stage and formal proof methods during the verifi- cation and testing stages of control algorithms. Due to the high importance of interlocking table at the design state of a sig- nalization system, the modelling and verification of inter- locking tables are examined in this work. For this purpose, abstract state machines are used as a modelling tool. The developed models have been performed in a generalized structure such that the model control can be done automatically for the interlocking systems. In this study, NuSMV is used at the verification state. Also, the consistency of the developed models has been supervised through fault injection. The developed models and software components are applied on a real railway station operated by Metro Istanbul Co.
文摘In this research paper, we research on the automatic pattern abstraction and recognition method for large-scale database system based on natural language processing. In distributed database, through the network connection between nodes, data across different nodes and even regional distribution are well recognized. In order to reduce data redundancy and model design of the database will usually contain a lot of forms we combine the NLP theory to optimize the traditional method. The experimental analysis and simulation proves the correctness of our method.
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation of China（10361008） Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province（2003A0002M）
文摘We consider the abstract linear inequality system （A, C, b） and give a sufficient condition for the system （A, C, b） to have an error bound, which extends the previous result.
文摘This article contains a system conversion from object oriented design into Software Product Line (SPL) using delta modeling of Abstract Behavioral Specification (ABS). ABS is a modeling language which targets system with high level of variety and supports SPL development with delta modeling. The case study of this thesis is a digital library system called Library Automation and Digital Archive (LONTAR). Originally, LONTAR only uses SOAP-based web service. With ABS, LONTAR will be converted into SPL and implement another web service called REST. The motivation of this conversion of LONTAR from object oriented into SPL is because it is easier to develop system with ABS than using regular object oriented. Product definition in ABS is relatively easier than creating a new subclass and do customization to make it works well.
文摘TENORM Regulation in the United States of America post-West Virginia vs.EPA Spenser Lynn,Charles Wilson,Emily Caffrey1(1.University of Alabama at Birmingham,School of Health Professions,Clinical and Diagnostic Sciences,Health Physics Program,1720 University Blvd,Birmingham,AL 35294)Abstract:The regulation of technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials(TENORM)in the United States of America consists of fragmentary rules split between the federal and state governments.
文摘Effects of High Temperature and High Humidity on the Degree of Ocular Damage Caused by 60 GHz Millimeter Wave Exposure Masami Kojima1,2,Takafumi Tasaki3,4,Toshio Kamijo5,Aki Hada5,Yukihisa Suzuki5,Masateru Ikehata6,Hiroshi Sasaki1,2(1.Division of Vision Research for Environmental Health,Medical Research Institute,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;2.Department of Ophthalmology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;3.Division of Protein Regulation Research,Medical Research Institute;4.Department of Medical Zoology,Kanazawa Medical University,Kahoku,Japan;5.Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Graduate School of Systems Design,Tokyo Metropolitan University,Tokyo,Japan;6.Comfort Science and Engineering Laboratory,Human Science Division,Railway Technical Research Institute,Tokyo,Japan)Abstract:Millimeter waves(MMW)are pervasive in society;however,studies on the biological effects of MMWexposure are usually performed in laboratory settings not reflecting global environmental diversity.We investigated the effects of a 6 min exposure to 60 GHz MMW(wavelength,5.0 mm)at incident power densities of 200 and 300 mW cm-2 in eyes(exposed right eyes vs.unexposed left eyes)under various ambient temperature/relative humidity environments(24℃/50%,45℃/20%,and 45℃/80%)using an in vivo rabbit model.Correlations were examined with adverse ocular events,including corneal epithelial damage(assessed using fluorescein staining),corneal opacity(evaluated by slit-lamp microscopy)。
文摘Graphical abstracts(GAs)are emerging as a pivotal tool in medical literature,enhancing the dissemination and comprehension of complex clinical data through visual summaries.This editorial highlights the significant advantages of GAs,including improved clarity,increased reader engagement,and enhanced visibility of research findings.By transforming intricate scientific data into accessible visual formats,these abstracts facilitate quick and effective knowledge transfer,crucial in clinical decision-making and patient care.However,challenges such as potential data misrepresentation due to oversimplification,the skill gap in graphic design among researchers,and the lack of standardized creation guidelines pose barriers to their widespread adoption.Additionally,while software such as Adobe Illustrator,BioRender,and Canva are commonly employed to create these visuals,not all researchers may be proficient in their use.To address these issues,we recommend that academic journals establish clear guidelines and provide necessary design training to researchers.This proactive approach will ensure the creation of high-quality GAs,promote their standardization,and expand their use in clinical reporting,ultimately benefiting the medical community and improving healthcare outcomes.
文摘This study systematically analyzes the genre structure and linguistic features of 42 English abstracts from six internationally renowned medical journals,based on the revised CARS model proposed by Swales.The research findings indicate that medical abstracts typically follow a three-step structure:“Establishing a Research Territory-Establishing a Research Niche-Occupying the Niche”,where the steps“Research Purpose”and“Research Results”are the most frequently utilized,forming the core content of the abstracts.Within the sequence of moves,81%conform to conventional patterns,while a minority of samples exhibit unconventional structures such as inversion,cycling,and repetition.In terms of linguistic features,the present simple tense and active voice are predominantly used,reflecting the universality of the research and the author’s agency;conversely,the simple past tense and passive voice are primarily employed to describe research methods and processes.This study reveals the writing conventions of medical abstracts,providing empirical evidence and genre reference for non-native scholars in the preparation and publication of their work in international journals.
文摘The rise of social media platforms has revolutionized communication, enabling the exchange of vast amounts of data through text, audio, images, and videos. These platforms have become critical for sharing opinions and insights, influencing daily habits, and driving business, political, and economic decisions. Text posts are particularly significant, and natural language processing (NLP) has emerged as a powerful tool for analyzing such data. While traditional NLP methods have been effective for structured media, social media content poses unique challenges due to its informal and diverse nature. This has spurred the development of new techniques tailored for processing and extracting insights from unstructured user-generated text. One key application of NLP is the summarization of user comments to manage overwhelming content volumes. Abstractive summarization has proven highly effective in generating concise, human-like summaries, offering clear overviews of key themes and sentiments. This enhances understanding and engagement while reducing cognitive effort for users. For businesses, summarization provides actionable insights into customer preferences and feedback, enabling faster trend analysis, improved responsiveness, and strategic adaptability. By distilling complex data into manageable insights, summarization plays a vital role in improving user experiences and empowering informed decision-making in a data-driven landscape. This paper proposes a new implementation framework by fine-tuning and parameterizing Transformer Large Language Models to manage and maintain linguistic and semantic components in abstractive summary generation. The system excels in transforming large volumes of data into meaningful summaries, as evidenced by its strong performance across metrics like fluency, consistency, readability, and semantic coherence.
文摘Knowledge graphs convey precise semantic information that can be effectively interpreted by neural networks,and generating descriptive text based on these graphs places significant emphasis on content consistency.However,knowledge graphs are inadequate for providing additional linguistic features such as paragraph structure and expressive modes,making it challenging to ensure content coherence in generating text that spans multiple sentences.This lack of coherence can further compromise the overall consistency of the content within a paragraph.In this work,we present the generation of scientific abstracts by leveraging knowledge graphs,with a focus on enhancing both content consistency and coherence.In particular,we construct the ACL Abstract Graph Dataset(ACL-AGD)which pairs knowledge graphs with text,incorporating sentence labels to guide text structure and diverse expressions.We then implement a Siamese network to complement and concretize the entities and relations based on paragraph structure by accomplishing two tasks:graph-to-text generation and entity alignment.Extensive experiments demonstrate that the logical paragraphs generated by our method exhibit entities with a uniform position distribution and appropriate frequency.In terms of content,our method accurately represents the information encoded in the knowledge graph,prevents the generation of irrelevant content,and achieves coherent and non-redundant adjacent sentences,even with a shared knowledge graph.
基金This paper is part of the research results of the National Social Science Fund Project(Project No.:21XYY015)Hainan Provincial Education Reform Project(Project No.:Hnjg2023-136)。
文摘English for Specific Academic Purposes(ESAP)focuses on English language skills in specific disciplines or research fields,and has played an important role in international communication in recent years.This paper aims to explore the relationship between ESAP,the output of academic paper abstracts,and international communication effectiveness,so as to provide new ideas for enhancing international communication effectiveness.Through a questionnaire survey and combined with the structural equation model analysis method,the results show that the improvement of ESAP has a positive effect on the output of academic paper abstracts and international communication effectiveness;the output of academic paper abstracts can also positively enhance international communication effectiveness;meanwhile,the output of academic paper abstracts has a significant mediating effect.
基金This work was supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences （Hundred Talents Fund）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20703048 and No.20803083）, and the Center of Molecular Science Foundation of Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences （No.CMS-LX200902）.
文摘The reactions of anionic zirconium oxide clusters ZrxOy- with C2H6 and C4H10 are investi-gated by a time of flight mass spectrometer coupled with a laser vaporization cluster source.Hydrogen containing products Zr2O5H- and Zr3O7H- are observed after the reaction. Den-sity functional theory calculations indicate that the hydrogen abstraction is favorable in the reaction of Zr2O5- with C2H6, which supports that the observed Zr2O5H- and Zr3O7H- are due to hydrogen atom abstraction from the alkane molecules. This work shows a newpossible pathway in the reaction of zirconium oxide cluster anions with alkane molecules.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.20903104, No.2107320L and No.20733005） and the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Pentachlorophenol, a widespread environmental pollutant that is possibly carcinogenic to humans, is metabolically oxidized to tetrachloroquinone （TCBQ） which can result in DNA damage. We have investigated the photochemical reaction dynamics of TCBQ with two pyrimidine type nucleobases （thymine and uracil） upon UVA （355 ran） excitation using the technique of nanosecond time-resolved laser flash photolysis. It has been found that 355 nm excitation populates TCBQ molecules to their triplet state 3TCBQ＊, which are highly reactive towards thymine or uracil and undergo two parallel reactions, the hydrogen abstraction and electron transfer, leading to the observed photoproducts of TCBQH. and TCBQ.- in transient absorption spectra. The concomitantly produced nucleobase radicals and radical cations are expected to induce a series of oxidative or strand cleavage damage to DNA afterwards. By characterizing the photochemical hydrogen abstraction and electron transfer reactions, our results provide potentially important molecular reaction mechanisms for understanding the carcinogenic effects of pentachlorophenol and its metabolites TCBQ.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.21173002） and the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China （No.1308085MB20）.
文摘The photochemical reaction process of anthraquinone-2-sodium sulfonate （AQS） in the mixture of water （H2O） and N-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate （[BPy] [BF4]） was studied using the laser flash photolysis technique. Experimental results show that the excited triplet of AQS （3AQS＊） could react rapidly with H2O and the transient absorption spectra greatly changed by increasing the volume fraction of the ionic liquid （VIL） in [BPy][BF4]/H2O mixtures. The absorbance at 510 nm increased gradually with increasing VIL when 0〈VIL〈0.1. By contrast, the absorbance decreased gradually when VIL〉0.1. Otherwise, the absorbance of the band near 380 nm steadily increased. The apparent kinetic parameters of transient species B and ^3AQS＊ are obtained approximately. 3AQS＊ abstracting hydrogen from [BPy]＋ was also explored. It was deduced that the 350-420 nm band was the superposition of the peaks of 3AQS＊ and AQSH＇. The two reactions of 3AQS＊ with [BPy][BF4] and H2O are a pair of competitive reactions. We also concluded that the entire reaction processes slow down in the case of high [BPy] [BF4] concentrations.
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (No.05JJ30122),the Education Department Foundation of Hunan Prov-ince (No.05C519).
文摘In order to fully realize semantic interoperability among distributed and heterogeneous applications on the web, a set of effective interoperability mechanisms is presented. This mechanism adopts service interactive interfaces （SII） and service aggregative interfaces （SAI） modeled with abstract state machine （ASM） to abstractly describe the behavior of the invoked web service instances, which makes business processing accurately specify tasks and effectively solves the problems of communication and collaboration between service providers and service requesters. The mechanism also uses appropriate mediators to solve the problems of information and coinmunication incompatibility during the course of service interaction, which is convenient for service interoperability, sharing and integration. The mechanism＇ s working principle and interoperability implementation are illustrated by a use case in detail.
