This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from...This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from the Dahei River prior to DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing,it generates standard curves to convert sequencing data into absolute microbial copy numbers.The method,which is proved highly accurate(R^(2)>0.99),reveals a clear contrast between the river sites:the upstream community has not only a significantly higher total microbial load but also a completely different makeup of species compared to the downstream site.This approach effectively overcomes the limitations of relative abundance analysis,providing a powerful tool for environmental monitoring,and proposes key steps for future standardization to ensure data comparability and integration.展开更多
Owing to their intricate molecular frameworks and copious chiral centers,the structural identification and configurational assignment of natural products are challenging tasks.Comprehensive spectral data analysis is c...Owing to their intricate molecular frameworks and copious chiral centers,the structural identification and configurational assignment of natural products are challenging tasks.Comprehensive spectral data analysis is crucial for the confirmation of absolute configurations.Ignoring critical parameters will lead to false structure,which may confuse the total synthesis and drug development.Herein,the configurations of seven heterogeneous Pallavicinia diterpenoids(PDs) isolated from Pallavicinia liverworts are revised using a combination of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism(ECD) calculations.Meanwhile,identification of five unprecedented PD heterodimers PD-dimers A-E(18-22) along with eleven previously undescribed PDs(5-9,13-17,23) obtained by the reinvestigation of the Chinese liverwort Pallavicinia subciliata have resulted in corrections and support the revised conclusions.展开更多
The notion of absolutely clean N-complexes is studied.We show that an N-complex X is absolutely clean if and only if X is Nexact and Z,(X)is an absolutely clean module for each n e Z and i=1,2,..,N.In particular,we pr...The notion of absolutely clean N-complexes is studied.We show that an N-complex X is absolutely clean if and only if X is Nexact and Z,(X)is an absolutely clean module for each n e Z and i=1,2,..,N.In particular,we prove that a bounded above N-complex X is absolutely clean if and only if X,is an absolutely clean module for each n e Z.We also show that under certain hypotheses,an Ncomplex X is Gorenstein AC-injective if and only if Z;(X)is a Gorenstein AC-injective module for each n e Z and t=1,2,.,N.展开更多
The existence of absolute parametric instability in an inhomogeneous plasma is revisited in a one-dimensional three-wave model.Non-resonant daughter waves are considered to match the conditions of radio-frequency(RF)-...The existence of absolute parametric instability in an inhomogeneous plasma is revisited in a one-dimensional three-wave model.Non-resonant daughter waves are considered to match the conditions of radio-frequency(RF)-plasma interactions in magnetically confined plasma.Our model shows that such absolute instability has an extremely high threshold and cannot be induced for typical RF-plasma interactions,even if the linear growth rate of the instability achieves the level of ion-cyclotron frequency.As a result,we suggest that it is appropriate to neglect absolute instability when non-resonant daughter waves are involved.展开更多
The direct and dissociative ionizations of oxygen molecule are investigated experimen-tally by electron collision with energies from 350 eV to 8000 eV.The absolute ionization cross sections for the product ions(O_(2)^...The direct and dissociative ionizations of oxygen molecule are investigated experimen-tally by electron collision with energies from 350 eV to 8000 eV.The absolute ionization cross sections for the product ions(O_(2)^(2+),O_(2)^(2+)O^(+),O^(2+),and their total)and two Coulomb explosion channels(O^(+)+O^(+)and O^(2+)+O^(+))are obtained by putting the data of O^(2+)on the scale of Ar+from O_(2)and Ar gases mixed with a fixed relative flow ratio of 1:1.The experimental errors are assessed by taking uncertainties of various factors into account.The present absolute cross sections are well consistent with the previous data in the overlapped energy range below 1000 eV.展开更多
Ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids is of great significance for precision medicine.Digital polymerase chain reaction(dPCR)is the most sensitive method but requires sophisticated and expensive instruments and a ...Ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids is of great significance for precision medicine.Digital polymerase chain reaction(dPCR)is the most sensitive method but requires sophisticated and expensive instruments and a long reaction time.Digital PCR-free technologies,which mean the digital assay not relying on thermal cycling to amplify the signal for quantitative detection of nucleic acids at the singlemolecule level,include the digital isothermal amplification techniques(d IATs)and the digital clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)technologies.They combine the advantages of d PCR and IATs,which could be fast and simple,enabling absolute quantification of nucleic acids at a single-molecule level with minimum instrument,representing the next-generation molecular diagnostic technology.Herein,we systematically summarized the strategies and applications of various dIATs,including the digital loop-mediated isothermal amplification(dLAMP),the digital recombinase polymerase amplification(dRPA),the digital rolling circle amplification(dRCA),the digital nucleic acid sequencebased amplification(d NASBA)and the digital multiple displacement amplification(d MDA),and evaluated the pros and cons of each method.The emerging digital CRISPR technologies,including the detection mechanism of CRISPR and the various strategies for signal amplification,are also introduced comprehensively in this review.The current challenges as well as the future perspectives of the digital PCR-free technology were discussed.展开更多
Visualizing blood flow velocity distribution is essential for comprehending the pathogenesis of various diseases and facilitating early diagnosis and treatment.Current hemodynamic studies utilizing optical coherence t...Visualizing blood flow velocity distribution is essential for comprehending the pathogenesis of various diseases and facilitating early diagnosis and treatment.Current hemodynamic studies utilizing optical coherence tomography(OCT)primarily rely on Doppler OCT(D-OCT)and OCT Angiography(OCTA),which measure axial blood vessel velocity or visualize the vascular architecture,respectively.However,these techniques have limitations in accurately quantifying the absolute velocity of red blood cells(RBCs).This study presents a novel method based on microsphere tracking,which enables precise quantification of absolute blood flow velocity along a blood vessel.In phantom experiments,freshly harvested blood mixed with microspheres was infused into a cellulose tube to simulate a single blood vessel.Experimental results,demon-strating an error margin of less than 10%,validated the effectiveness of this method.Blood flow velocities ranging from 0.472 mm/s to 18.9 mm/s were accurately measured.A preliminary in vivo examination of rabbit ear vessels was conducted,further validating the reliability of this method.This study presents a potential method for specific disease diagnosis by detecting tar-geted vessel flow velocity variations using swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)combined with microsphere tracking.展开更多
One of the primary tasks of earthquake early warning(EEW)systems is to predict potential earthquake damage rapidly and accurately.Cumulative absolute velocity(CAV),Arias intensity(I_(A)),and spectrum intensity(SI)are ...One of the primary tasks of earthquake early warning(EEW)systems is to predict potential earthquake damage rapidly and accurately.Cumulative absolute velocity(CAV),Arias intensity(I_(A)),and spectrum intensity(SI)are important parameters for measuring ground motion intensity and assessing earthquake damage.Due to the limited available information in EEW,CAV,I_(A),and SI cannot be accurately predicted using traditional EEW methods.In this paper,we propose an end-to-end deep learning-based Ground motion Intensity prediction Network(ENGINet)for on-site EEW.The aim of the ENGINet is to predict CAV,I_(A),and SI rapidly and reliably.ENGINet is based on a convolutional neural network and recurrent neural network.The inputs of the network are three-component acceleration records,three-component velocity records,and three-component displacement records obtained by a single station.The results from the test dataset show that at 3 s after the P-wave arrival,compared with the baseline models and other traditional methods,ENGINet has better performance in predicting CAV,I_(A),and SI.Our results indicate that ENGINet can quickly and accurately predict CAV,I_(A),and SI to some extent and has good potential in EEW efforts.展开更多
Amphiphiles,including surfactants,have emerged as indispensable elements in materials science and pharmaceutical science,and their functions are highly relying on the critical micelle concentration(CMC)[1,2].Numerous ...Amphiphiles,including surfactants,have emerged as indispensable elements in materials science and pharmaceutical science,and their functions are highly relying on the critical micelle concentration(CMC)[1,2].Numerous fluorimetry-based probes have been developed to measure CMCs[3](Fig.S1).However,CMC measurements using these probes suffer from a time-consuming and laborious procedure and large uncertainties,primarily due to their poor photo-stabilities and highly fluctuating fluorescence backgrounds.展开更多
This paper analyzed the existing methods of wave measurement, and described the advantages of GPS applied in measuring the wave. The equations of absolute velocity estimation were discussed, focusing on two methods wi...This paper analyzed the existing methods of wave measurement, and described the advantages of GPS applied in measuring the wave. The equations of absolute velocity estimation were discussed, focusing on two methods with Doppler shill. The error sources and their effect on velocity estimation were analyzed. Then, some tests were carried on to simulate dynamic velocity determination using static data Based on the high-frequency carrier-phase derived Doppler observations, the velocity has been estimated to the precision of 1 cm/s or so, even to the mm/s level. And with the receiver generated Doppler measurements, the precision can reach 3 - 15 cm/s.展开更多
The delay-dependent absolute stability for a class of Lurie systems with interval time-varying delay is studied. By employing an augmented Lyapunov functional and combining a free-weighting matrix approach and the rec...The delay-dependent absolute stability for a class of Lurie systems with interval time-varying delay is studied. By employing an augmented Lyapunov functional and combining a free-weighting matrix approach and the reciprocal convex technique, an improved stability condition is derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities （LMIs）. By retaining some useful terms that are usually ignored in the derivative of the Lyapunov function, the proposed sufficient condition depends not only on the lower and upper bounds of both the delay and its derivative, but it also depends on their differences, which has wider application fields than those of present results. Moreover, a new type of equality expression is developed to handle the sector bounds of the nonlinear function, which achieves fewer LMIs in the derived condition, compared with those based on the convex representation. Therefore, the proposed method is less conservative than the existing ones. Simulation examples are given to demonstrate the validity of the approach.展开更多
The analysis result of absolute degree of grey incidence for multivariate time series is often inconsistent with the qualitative analysis. To overcome this shortage, a multivariate absolute degree of grey incidence ba...The analysis result of absolute degree of grey incidence for multivariate time series is often inconsistent with the qualitative analysis. To overcome this shortage, a multivariate absolute degree of grey incidence based on distribution characteristics of points is proposed. Based on the geometric description of multivariate time se- ries, the neighborhood extrema are extracted in the different regions, and a characteristic point set is constructed. Then according to the distribution of the characteristic point set, a characteristic point sequence reflecting the ge- ometric features of multivariate time series is obtained. The incidence analysis between multivariate time series is transformed into the relational analysis between characteristic point sequences, and a grey incidence model is established. The model possesses the properties of translational invariance, transpose and rank transform invari- ance, and satisfies the grey incidence analysis axioms. Finally, two cases are studied and the results prove the ef- fectiveness of the model.展开更多
This paper investigates the absolute exponential stability of generalized neural networks with a general class of partially Lipschitz continuous and monotone increasing activation functions. The main obtained result i...This paper investigates the absolute exponential stability of generalized neural networks with a general class of partially Lipschitz continuous and monotone increasing activation functions. The main obtained result is that if the interconnection matrix T of the neural system satisfies that - T is an H matrix with nonnegative diagonal elements, then the neural system is absolutely exponentially stable(AEST). The Hopfield network, Cellular neural network and Bidirectional associative memory network are special cases of the network model considered in this paper. So this work gives some improvements to the previous ones.展开更多
In this paper we propose an absolute error loss EB estimator for parameter of one-side truncation distribution families. Under some conditions we have proved that the convergence rates of its Bayes risk is o, where 0&...In this paper we propose an absolute error loss EB estimator for parameter of one-side truncation distribution families. Under some conditions we have proved that the convergence rates of its Bayes risk is o, where 0<λ,r≤1,Mn≤lnln n (for large n),Mn→∞ as n→∞.展开更多
Passively mode-locked fiber lasers emit femtosecond pulse trains with excellent short-term stability. The quantum-limited timing jitter of a free running femtosecond erbium-doped fiber laser working at room temperatur...Passively mode-locked fiber lasers emit femtosecond pulse trains with excellent short-term stability. The quantum-limited timing jitter of a free running femtosecond erbium-doped fiber laser working at room temperature is considerably below one femtosecond at high Fourier frequency. The ultrashort pulse train with ultralow timing jitter enables absolute time-of-flight measurements based on a dual-comb implementation, which is typically composed of a pair of optical frequency combs generated by femtosecond lasers. Dead-zone-free absolute distance measurement with sub-micrometer precision and kHz update rate has been routinely achieved with a dual-comb configuration, which is promising for a number of precision manufacturing applications, from large step-structure measurements prevalent in microelectronic profilometry to three coordinate measurements in large-scale aerospace manufacturing and shipbuilding. In this paper, we first review the sub-femtosecond precision timing jitter characterization methods and approaches for ultralow timing jitter mode-locked fiber laser design. Then, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art dual-comb absolute ranging technology in terms of working principles, experimental implementations, and measurement precisions. Finally, we discuss the impact of quantum-limited timing jitter on the dual-comb ranging precision at a high update rate. The route to highprecision dual-comb range finder design based on ultralow jitter femtosecond fiber lasers is proposed.展开更多
AIM:To measure the prognostic significance of absolute monocyte count/absolute lymphocyte count prognostic score(AMLPS) in patients with gastric cancer.METHODS:We retrospectively examined the combination of absolute m...AIM:To measure the prognostic significance of absolute monocyte count/absolute lymphocyte count prognostic score(AMLPS) in patients with gastric cancer.METHODS:We retrospectively examined the combination of absolute monocyte count(AMC) and absolute lymphocyte count(ALC) as prognostic variables in a cohort of 299 gastric cancer patients who underwent surgical resection between 2006 and 2013 and were followed at a single institution.Both AMC and ALC were dichotomized into two groups using cut-off points determined by receiving operator characteristic curve analysis.An AMLPS was generated,which stratified patients into three risk groups:low risk(both low AMC and high ALC),intermediate risk(either high AMC or low ALC),and high risk(both high AMC and low ALC).The primary objective of the study was to validate the impact of AMLPS on both disease-free survival(DFS) and overall survival(OS),and the second objective was to assess the AMLPS as an independent prognostic factor for survival in comparison with known prognostic factors.RESULTS:Using data from the entire cohort,the most discriminative cut-off values of AMC and ALC selected on the receiver operating characteristic curve were 672.4/μL and 1734/μL for DFS and OS.AMLPS risk groups included 158(52.8%) patients in the lowrisk,128(42.8%) in the intermediate-risk,and 13(4.3%) in the high-risk group.With a median followup of 37.2 mo(range:1.7-91.4 mo),five-year DFS rates in the low-,intermediate-,and high-risk groups were 83.4%,78.7%,and 19.8%,respectively.And fiveyear OS rates in the low-,intermediate-,and high-risk groups were 89.3%,81.1%,and 14.4%,respectively.On multivariate analysis performed with patient- and tumor-related factors,we identified AMLPS,age,and pathologic tumor-node-metastasis stage as the most valuable prognostic factors impacting DFS and OS.CONCLUSION:AMLPS identified patients with a poor DFS and OS,and it was independent of age,pathologic stage,and various inflammatory markers.展开更多
Absolute quantum yield （Ф） is one of the most important parameters to evaluate the potential of novel materials. Lanthanide complexes EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are synthesized with the ratio of Gd3＋ dopant concentrati...Absolute quantum yield （Ф） is one of the most important parameters to evaluate the potential of novel materials. Lanthanide complexes EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are synthesized with the ratio of Gd3＋ dopant concentration ranging from 10% to 90% to improve the absolute quantum yield. EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens possess similar infrared and ultraviolet spectra, showing that they have similar molecular structures. The absolute emission quantum yields of EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are determined using a fluoromax-4 spectrofluorometer equipped with an integrating sphere. The fluorescence lifetimes of the EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are measured in the same experiment. It was found that both absolute quantum yields and fluorescence lifetimes of EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are of quasi-periodic variation with the change of the Gd3. dopant concentrations. The absolute quantum efficiency and fluorescence lifetime vary with respect to the Gd content in an opposite fashion, indicating that the rate of energy absorption by the EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens and the conversion to light energy is critical for the absolute quantum efficiency. The radiative rate constant Kr and non-radiative rate constant Knr are calculated. The dependence of Kr and Knr on the Gd3＋ dopant concentrations is very similar to that of absolute quantum efficiency. The radiation rate constant Kr and absolute quantum efficiency have a linear relationship.展开更多
The effects of electric currents applied during absolute refractory period （ARP） on the cardiac function of rabbits with heart failure due to myocardial infarction （MI）, and the safety of this method were investig...The effects of electric currents applied during absolute refractory period （ARP） on the cardiac function of rabbits with heart failure due to myocardial infarction （MI）, and the safety of this method were investigated. Thirty rabbits were randomly assigned equally to 3 groups： sham-operated group, LV-anterior wall cardiac contractility modulation （LV-CCM） group, and septum-CCM （S-CCM） group. A thoracotomy was performed on all the rabbits. Electric pulses were delivered during the ARP on the anterior wall of left ventricle in CCM group and in the septum in S-CCM group, respectively. The left ventricular systolic pressure （LVSP） and maximum positive left ventricular pressure change （＋dp/dtmax）, heart rates, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation were observed. It was found that, as compared with the baseline, LVSP, and ＋dp/dtmax were significantly increased, on average, by 15.2% and 19.5% in LV-CCM group （P〈0,05）, and by 8.5% and 10.8% in S-CCM group （P〈0.05）. LVEDP was significantly decreased and -dp/dtmx increased both in LV-CCM group and S-CCM group （P〈0.05）. CCM had no effect on heart rate and induced no arrhythmia in short time. It is concluded that electric currents delivered during the ARP could significantly enhance the contractility of myocardium safely, suggesting that CCM stimulation is a novel potent method for contractility modulation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32160172)the Key Science-Technology Project of Inner Mongolia(2023KYPT0010)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China(Grant No.2025QN03006)the 2023 Inner Mongolia Public Institution High-level Talent Introduction Scientific Research Support Project.
文摘This study establishes and validates a method for the precise quantification of aquatic microbial loads using microbial diversity absolute quantitative sequencing.By adding synthetic spike-in DNA to water samples from the Dahei River prior to DNA extraction and 16S rRNA gene sequencing,it generates standard curves to convert sequencing data into absolute microbial copy numbers.The method,which is proved highly accurate(R^(2)>0.99),reveals a clear contrast between the river sites:the upstream community has not only a significantly higher total microbial load but also a completely different makeup of species compared to the downstream site.This approach effectively overcomes the limitations of relative abundance analysis,providing a powerful tool for environmental monitoring,and proposes key steps for future standardization to ensure data comparability and integration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.82293682,82293684,and 82173703)。
文摘Owing to their intricate molecular frameworks and copious chiral centers,the structural identification and configurational assignment of natural products are challenging tasks.Comprehensive spectral data analysis is crucial for the confirmation of absolute configurations.Ignoring critical parameters will lead to false structure,which may confuse the total synthesis and drug development.Herein,the configurations of seven heterogeneous Pallavicinia diterpenoids(PDs) isolated from Pallavicinia liverworts are revised using a combination of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism(ECD) calculations.Meanwhile,identification of five unprecedented PD heterodimers PD-dimers A-E(18-22) along with eleven previously undescribed PDs(5-9,13-17,23) obtained by the reinvestigation of the Chinese liverwort Pallavicinia subciliata have resulted in corrections and support the revised conclusions.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12061061)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (31920230173)+1 种基金Longyuan Young Talents of Gansu ProvinceYoung Talents Team Project of Gansu Province (2025QNTD49)。
文摘The notion of absolutely clean N-complexes is studied.We show that an N-complex X is absolutely clean if and only if X is Nexact and Z,(X)is an absolutely clean module for each n e Z and i=1,2,..,N.In particular,we prove that a bounded above N-complex X is absolutely clean if and only if X,is an absolutely clean module for each n e Z.We also show that under certain hypotheses,an Ncomplex X is Gorenstein AC-injective if and only if Z;(X)is a Gorenstein AC-injective module for each n e Z and t=1,2,.,N.
文摘The existence of absolute parametric instability in an inhomogeneous plasma is revisited in a one-dimensional three-wave model.Non-resonant daughter waves are considered to match the conditions of radio-frequency(RF)-plasma interactions in magnetically confined plasma.Our model shows that such absolute instability has an extremely high threshold and cannot be induced for typical RF-plasma interactions,even if the linear growth rate of the instability achieves the level of ion-cyclotron frequency.As a result,we suggest that it is appropriate to neglect absolute instability when non-resonant daughter waves are involved.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFA1602502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12127804).
文摘The direct and dissociative ionizations of oxygen molecule are investigated experimen-tally by electron collision with energies from 350 eV to 8000 eV.The absolute ionization cross sections for the product ions(O_(2)^(2+),O_(2)^(2+)O^(+),O^(2+),and their total)and two Coulomb explosion channels(O^(+)+O^(+)and O^(2+)+O^(+))are obtained by putting the data of O^(2+)on the scale of Ar+from O_(2)and Ar gases mixed with a fixed relative flow ratio of 1:1.The experimental errors are assessed by taking uncertainties of various factors into account.The present absolute cross sections are well consistent with the previous data in the overlapped energy range below 1000 eV.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2023YFC2307305,2021YFF0703300)the Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(No.B2303003)+3 种基金Shenzhen Research Funding Program(Nos.JCYJ20220818102014028,RCBS20210609104339043)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22174167)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2024A1515011281)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.24qnpy087)from Sun Yat-sen University。
文摘Ultrasensitive detection of nucleic acids is of great significance for precision medicine.Digital polymerase chain reaction(dPCR)is the most sensitive method but requires sophisticated and expensive instruments and a long reaction time.Digital PCR-free technologies,which mean the digital assay not relying on thermal cycling to amplify the signal for quantitative detection of nucleic acids at the singlemolecule level,include the digital isothermal amplification techniques(d IATs)and the digital clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)technologies.They combine the advantages of d PCR and IATs,which could be fast and simple,enabling absolute quantification of nucleic acids at a single-molecule level with minimum instrument,representing the next-generation molecular diagnostic technology.Herein,we systematically summarized the strategies and applications of various dIATs,including the digital loop-mediated isothermal amplification(dLAMP),the digital recombinase polymerase amplification(dRPA),the digital rolling circle amplification(dRCA),the digital nucleic acid sequencebased amplification(d NASBA)and the digital multiple displacement amplification(d MDA),and evaluated the pros and cons of each method.The emerging digital CRISPR technologies,including the detection mechanism of CRISPR and the various strategies for signal amplification,are also introduced comprehensively in this review.The current challenges as well as the future perspectives of the digital PCR-free technology were discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62175156,81827807)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(22S31903000)+3 种基金the Collaborative Innovation Project of Shanghai Institute of Technology(XTCX2022-27)the Shenzhen Basic Research Key Project(JCYJ20220818103212026)the Shenzhen Key Technology Project(JSGGZD20220822095200002)the Shenzhen Outstanding Scientific and Technological Innovation Talents Distinguished Young Scientists(RCJC20210609104443085).
文摘Visualizing blood flow velocity distribution is essential for comprehending the pathogenesis of various diseases and facilitating early diagnosis and treatment.Current hemodynamic studies utilizing optical coherence tomography(OCT)primarily rely on Doppler OCT(D-OCT)and OCT Angiography(OCTA),which measure axial blood vessel velocity or visualize the vascular architecture,respectively.However,these techniques have limitations in accurately quantifying the absolute velocity of red blood cells(RBCs).This study presents a novel method based on microsphere tracking,which enables precise quantification of absolute blood flow velocity along a blood vessel.In phantom experiments,freshly harvested blood mixed with microspheres was infused into a cellulose tube to simulate a single blood vessel.Experimental results,demon-strating an error margin of less than 10%,validated the effectiveness of this method.Blood flow velocities ranging from 0.472 mm/s to 18.9 mm/s were accurately measured.A preliminary in vivo examination of rabbit ear vessels was conducted,further validating the reliability of this method.This study presents a potential method for specific disease diagnosis by detecting tar-geted vessel flow velocity variations using swept-source optical coherence tomography(SS-OCT)combined with microsphere tracking.
基金Scientific Research Fund of Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration under Grant No.2024B08。
文摘One of the primary tasks of earthquake early warning(EEW)systems is to predict potential earthquake damage rapidly and accurately.Cumulative absolute velocity(CAV),Arias intensity(I_(A)),and spectrum intensity(SI)are important parameters for measuring ground motion intensity and assessing earthquake damage.Due to the limited available information in EEW,CAV,I_(A),and SI cannot be accurately predicted using traditional EEW methods.In this paper,we propose an end-to-end deep learning-based Ground motion Intensity prediction Network(ENGINet)for on-site EEW.The aim of the ENGINet is to predict CAV,I_(A),and SI rapidly and reliably.ENGINet is based on a convolutional neural network and recurrent neural network.The inputs of the network are three-component acceleration records,three-component velocity records,and three-component displacement records obtained by a single station.The results from the test dataset show that at 3 s after the P-wave arrival,compared with the baseline models and other traditional methods,ENGINet has better performance in predicting CAV,I_(A),and SI.Our results indicate that ENGINet can quickly and accurately predict CAV,I_(A),and SI to some extent and has good potential in EEW efforts.
基金supported by Shanghai Municipal Commission of Science and Technology,China(Grant No.:19XD1400300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.:821040821,82273867,and 82030107).
文摘Amphiphiles,including surfactants,have emerged as indispensable elements in materials science and pharmaceutical science,and their functions are highly relying on the critical micelle concentration(CMC)[1,2].Numerous fluorimetry-based probes have been developed to measure CMCs[3](Fig.S1).However,CMC measurements using these probes suffer from a time-consuming and laborious procedure and large uncertainties,primarily due to their poor photo-stabilities and highly fluctuating fluorescence backgrounds.
基金supported by the Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology(MRE201233)Key Laboratory of Surveying and Mapping Technology on Island and ReefState Bureau of Surveying and Mapping(2012B04)
文摘This paper analyzed the existing methods of wave measurement, and described the advantages of GPS applied in measuring the wave. The equations of absolute velocity estimation were discussed, focusing on two methods with Doppler shill. The error sources and their effect on velocity estimation were analyzed. Then, some tests were carried on to simulate dynamic velocity determination using static data Based on the high-frequency carrier-phase derived Doppler observations, the velocity has been estimated to the precision of 1 cm/s or so, even to the mm/s level. And with the receiver generated Doppler measurements, the precision can reach 3 - 15 cm/s.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.60835001,60875035,60905009,61004032,61004064,11071001)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.201003546)+2 种基金the Ph.D.Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China(No.20093401110001)the Major Program of Higher Education of Anhui Province(No.KJ2010ZD02)the Natural Science Research Project of Higher Education of Anhui Province(No.KJ2011A020)
文摘The delay-dependent absolute stability for a class of Lurie systems with interval time-varying delay is studied. By employing an augmented Lyapunov functional and combining a free-weighting matrix approach and the reciprocal convex technique, an improved stability condition is derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities （LMIs）. By retaining some useful terms that are usually ignored in the derivative of the Lyapunov function, the proposed sufficient condition depends not only on the lower and upper bounds of both the delay and its derivative, but it also depends on their differences, which has wider application fields than those of present results. Moreover, a new type of equality expression is developed to handle the sector bounds of the nonlinear function, which achieves fewer LMIs in the derived condition, compared with those based on the convex representation. Therefore, the proposed method is less conservative than the existing ones. Simulation examples are given to demonstrate the validity of the approach.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71101043,70901041,71171113)the Joint Research Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China and Royal Society of UK(71111130211)+4 种基金the Major Program of National Funds of Social Science of China(10ZD&014,11&ZD168)the Doctoral Fundof Ministry of Education of China(20093218120032,200802870020)the Qinglan Project for Excellent Youth Teacherin Jiangsu Province(China)Research Funding in Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics(NR2011002)the Central University Scientific Research Expenses of HoHai University(2011B09914,2010B11114)~~
文摘The analysis result of absolute degree of grey incidence for multivariate time series is often inconsistent with the qualitative analysis. To overcome this shortage, a multivariate absolute degree of grey incidence based on distribution characteristics of points is proposed. Based on the geometric description of multivariate time se- ries, the neighborhood extrema are extracted in the different regions, and a characteristic point set is constructed. Then according to the distribution of the characteristic point set, a characteristic point sequence reflecting the ge- ometric features of multivariate time series is obtained. The incidence analysis between multivariate time series is transformed into the relational analysis between characteristic point sequences, and a grey incidence model is established. The model possesses the properties of translational invariance, transpose and rank transform invari- ance, and satisfies the grey incidence analysis axioms. Finally, two cases are studied and the results prove the ef- fectiveness of the model.
文摘This paper investigates the absolute exponential stability of generalized neural networks with a general class of partially Lipschitz continuous and monotone increasing activation functions. The main obtained result is that if the interconnection matrix T of the neural system satisfies that - T is an H matrix with nonnegative diagonal elements, then the neural system is absolutely exponentially stable(AEST). The Hopfield network, Cellular neural network and Bidirectional associative memory network are special cases of the network model considered in this paper. So this work gives some improvements to the previous ones.
文摘In this paper we propose an absolute error loss EB estimator for parameter of one-side truncation distribution families. Under some conditions we have proved that the convergence rates of its Bayes risk is o, where 0<λ,r≤1,Mn≤lnln n (for large n),Mn→∞ as n→∞.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.61475162,61675150,and 61535009)Tianjin Natural Science Foundation (Grant No.18JCYBJC16900)Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology (Grant No.17JCJQJC43500)
文摘Passively mode-locked fiber lasers emit femtosecond pulse trains with excellent short-term stability. The quantum-limited timing jitter of a free running femtosecond erbium-doped fiber laser working at room temperature is considerably below one femtosecond at high Fourier frequency. The ultrashort pulse train with ultralow timing jitter enables absolute time-of-flight measurements based on a dual-comb implementation, which is typically composed of a pair of optical frequency combs generated by femtosecond lasers. Dead-zone-free absolute distance measurement with sub-micrometer precision and kHz update rate has been routinely achieved with a dual-comb configuration, which is promising for a number of precision manufacturing applications, from large step-structure measurements prevalent in microelectronic profilometry to three coordinate measurements in large-scale aerospace manufacturing and shipbuilding. In this paper, we first review the sub-femtosecond precision timing jitter characterization methods and approaches for ultralow timing jitter mode-locked fiber laser design. Then, we provide an overview of the state-of-the-art dual-comb absolute ranging technology in terms of working principles, experimental implementations, and measurement precisions. Finally, we discuss the impact of quantum-limited timing jitter on the dual-comb ranging precision at a high update rate. The route to highprecision dual-comb range finder design based on ultralow jitter femtosecond fiber lasers is proposed.
基金Supported by Kyung Hee University in 2006,No.KHU-20061216
文摘AIM:To measure the prognostic significance of absolute monocyte count/absolute lymphocyte count prognostic score(AMLPS) in patients with gastric cancer.METHODS:We retrospectively examined the combination of absolute monocyte count(AMC) and absolute lymphocyte count(ALC) as prognostic variables in a cohort of 299 gastric cancer patients who underwent surgical resection between 2006 and 2013 and were followed at a single institution.Both AMC and ALC were dichotomized into two groups using cut-off points determined by receiving operator characteristic curve analysis.An AMLPS was generated,which stratified patients into three risk groups:low risk(both low AMC and high ALC),intermediate risk(either high AMC or low ALC),and high risk(both high AMC and low ALC).The primary objective of the study was to validate the impact of AMLPS on both disease-free survival(DFS) and overall survival(OS),and the second objective was to assess the AMLPS as an independent prognostic factor for survival in comparison with known prognostic factors.RESULTS:Using data from the entire cohort,the most discriminative cut-off values of AMC and ALC selected on the receiver operating characteristic curve were 672.4/μL and 1734/μL for DFS and OS.AMLPS risk groups included 158(52.8%) patients in the lowrisk,128(42.8%) in the intermediate-risk,and 13(4.3%) in the high-risk group.With a median followup of 37.2 mo(range:1.7-91.4 mo),five-year DFS rates in the low-,intermediate-,and high-risk groups were 83.4%,78.7%,and 19.8%,respectively.And fiveyear OS rates in the low-,intermediate-,and high-risk groups were 89.3%,81.1%,and 14.4%,respectively.On multivariate analysis performed with patient- and tumor-related factors,we identified AMLPS,age,and pathologic tumor-node-metastasis stage as the most valuable prognostic factors impacting DFS and OS.CONCLUSION:AMLPS identified patients with a poor DFS and OS,and it was independent of age,pathologic stage,and various inflammatory markers.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50973003)Anhui Science and TechnologyProgram(Nos.KJ2012B135,KJ2012A217,KJ2012B136,KJ2011A210, 1301042112)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fuyang Normal College (Nos.2011HJJC02ZD,2011HJJC01ZD,2011HJJC04YB,2010FSKJ01ZD, 2013FSKJ03ZD)Incubator Fund of Scientific and Technological achievements of Fuyang Normal College(Nos.2013KJFH03, 2013KJFH01)
文摘Absolute quantum yield （Ф） is one of the most important parameters to evaluate the potential of novel materials. Lanthanide complexes EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are synthesized with the ratio of Gd3＋ dopant concentration ranging from 10% to 90% to improve the absolute quantum yield. EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens possess similar infrared and ultraviolet spectra, showing that they have similar molecular structures. The absolute emission quantum yields of EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are determined using a fluoromax-4 spectrofluorometer equipped with an integrating sphere. The fluorescence lifetimes of the EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are measured in the same experiment. It was found that both absolute quantum yields and fluorescence lifetimes of EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens are of quasi-periodic variation with the change of the Gd3. dopant concentrations. The absolute quantum efficiency and fluorescence lifetime vary with respect to the Gd content in an opposite fashion, indicating that the rate of energy absorption by the EuxGd1-x（TTA）3phens and the conversion to light energy is critical for the absolute quantum efficiency. The radiative rate constant Kr and non-radiative rate constant Knr are calculated. The dependence of Kr and Knr on the Gd3＋ dopant concentrations is very similar to that of absolute quantum efficiency. The radiation rate constant Kr and absolute quantum efficiency have a linear relationship.
文摘The effects of electric currents applied during absolute refractory period （ARP） on the cardiac function of rabbits with heart failure due to myocardial infarction （MI）, and the safety of this method were investigated. Thirty rabbits were randomly assigned equally to 3 groups： sham-operated group, LV-anterior wall cardiac contractility modulation （LV-CCM） group, and septum-CCM （S-CCM） group. A thoracotomy was performed on all the rabbits. Electric pulses were delivered during the ARP on the anterior wall of left ventricle in CCM group and in the septum in S-CCM group, respectively. The left ventricular systolic pressure （LVSP） and maximum positive left ventricular pressure change （＋dp/dtmax）, heart rates, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation were observed. It was found that, as compared with the baseline, LVSP, and ＋dp/dtmax were significantly increased, on average, by 15.2% and 19.5% in LV-CCM group （P〈0,05）, and by 8.5% and 10.8% in S-CCM group （P〈0.05）. LVEDP was significantly decreased and -dp/dtmx increased both in LV-CCM group and S-CCM group （P〈0.05）. CCM had no effect on heart rate and induced no arrhythmia in short time. It is concluded that electric currents delivered during the ARP could significantly enhance the contractility of myocardium safely, suggesting that CCM stimulation is a novel potent method for contractility modulation.
