With the rise of linked data and knowledge graphs,the need becomes compelling to find suitable solutions to increase the coverage and correctness of data sets,to add missing knowledge and to identify and remove errors...With the rise of linked data and knowledge graphs,the need becomes compelling to find suitable solutions to increase the coverage and correctness of data sets,to add missing knowledge and to identify and remove errors.Several approaches-mostly relying on machine learning and natural language processing techniques-have been proposed to address this refinement goal;they usually need a partial gold standard,i.e.,some“ground truth”to train automatic models.Gold standards are manually constructed,either by involving domain experts or by adopting crowdsourcing and human computation solutions.In this paper,we present an open source software framework to build Games with a Purpose for linked data refinement,i.e.,Web applications to crowdsource partial ground truth,by motivating user participation through fun incentive.We detail the impact of this new resource by explaining the specific data linking“purposes”supported by the framework(creation,ranking and validation of links)and by defining the respective crowdsourcing tasks to achieve those goals.We also introduce our approach for incremental truth inference over the contributions provided by players of Games with a Purpose(also abbreviated as GWAP):we motivate the need for such a method with the specificity of GWAP vs.traditional crowdsourcing;we explain and formalize the proposed process,explain its positive consequences and illustrate the results of an experimental comparison with state-of-the-art approaches.To show this resource’s versatility,we describe a set of diverse applications that we built on top of it;to demonstrate its reusability and extensibility potential,we provide references to detailed documentation,including an entire tutorial which in a few hours guides new adopters to customize and adapt the framework to a new use case.展开更多
The dust is slowly settling after the Sichuan quake and as restructuring work gets into full swing,the billions of yuan in donations is slowly finding their way to the
How to teach reading has become a cornerstone of teachers in China as they develop overall teaching strategies in EFL classrooms.In this paper,firstly the author will introduce the context of teaching reading;thereaft...How to teach reading has become a cornerstone of teachers in China as they develop overall teaching strategies in EFL classrooms.In this paper,firstly the author will introduce the context of teaching reading;thereafter clarify the concept of communicative language teaching(CLT) and its implications in EFL teaching;next illustrate the teaching context in China where CLT is encouraged to be implemented in classrooms;furthermore,reading with a purpose and the relevant teaching techniques will be introduced,in line with the important characteristics of communicative tasks.Finally the author will demonstrate some communicative tasks for purposeful reading in the EFL classroom of a senior high school in China.展开更多
基金This work was partially supported by the STARS4ALL project(H2020-688135)co-funded by the European Commission.
文摘With the rise of linked data and knowledge graphs,the need becomes compelling to find suitable solutions to increase the coverage and correctness of data sets,to add missing knowledge and to identify and remove errors.Several approaches-mostly relying on machine learning and natural language processing techniques-have been proposed to address this refinement goal;they usually need a partial gold standard,i.e.,some“ground truth”to train automatic models.Gold standards are manually constructed,either by involving domain experts or by adopting crowdsourcing and human computation solutions.In this paper,we present an open source software framework to build Games with a Purpose for linked data refinement,i.e.,Web applications to crowdsource partial ground truth,by motivating user participation through fun incentive.We detail the impact of this new resource by explaining the specific data linking“purposes”supported by the framework(creation,ranking and validation of links)and by defining the respective crowdsourcing tasks to achieve those goals.We also introduce our approach for incremental truth inference over the contributions provided by players of Games with a Purpose(also abbreviated as GWAP):we motivate the need for such a method with the specificity of GWAP vs.traditional crowdsourcing;we explain and formalize the proposed process,explain its positive consequences and illustrate the results of an experimental comparison with state-of-the-art approaches.To show this resource’s versatility,we describe a set of diverse applications that we built on top of it;to demonstrate its reusability and extensibility potential,we provide references to detailed documentation,including an entire tutorial which in a few hours guides new adopters to customize and adapt the framework to a new use case.
文摘The dust is slowly settling after the Sichuan quake and as restructuring work gets into full swing,the billions of yuan in donations is slowly finding their way to the
文摘How to teach reading has become a cornerstone of teachers in China as they develop overall teaching strategies in EFL classrooms.In this paper,firstly the author will introduce the context of teaching reading;thereafter clarify the concept of communicative language teaching(CLT) and its implications in EFL teaching;next illustrate the teaching context in China where CLT is encouraged to be implemented in classrooms;furthermore,reading with a purpose and the relevant teaching techniques will be introduced,in line with the important characteristics of communicative tasks.Finally the author will demonstrate some communicative tasks for purposeful reading in the EFL classroom of a senior high school in China.
