Zn-based thermal charging devices,utilizing the synergistic effect of ion thermoextraction and thermodiffusion,are able to efficiently convert thermal energy into electrical energy and storage in the devices,making th...Zn-based thermal charging devices,utilizing the synergistic effect of ion thermoextraction and thermodiffusion,are able to efficiently convert thermal energy into electrical energy and storage in the devices,making them a highly promising technology for low-grade heat recovery and utilization.However,the low output power density and energy conversion efficiency resulted by the slow diffusion kinetics of Zn^(2+)hinder their development.Herein,we present a highperformance thermal charging cell design using Zn^(2+)/NH_(4)^(+)hybrid ion electrolyte,which not only maintains the high output voltage of the Zn-based thermoelectric system,but also significantly enhances the output power density due to the fast diffusion kinetics of NH_(4)^(+).Based on this strategy,the thermal charging cell displays a high thermopower of 12.5 mV K^(-1)and an excellent normalized power density of 19.6 mW m^(-2)K^(-2)at a temperature difference of 35 K.The Carnot-relative efficiency is as high as 12.74%.Moreover,it can operate continuously for over 72 h when the temperature difference persists,achieving a balance between thermoelectric conversion and output.This work provides a simple and effective strategy for the design of high-performance thermal charging cells for low-grade heat conversion and utilization.展开更多
构建准确可靠的热力学数据库对提钒过程优化以及钒酸盐材料的制备具有重要的应用价值和指导意义。采用封闭铂金坩埚,结合X射线衍射(XRD)与差热分析(DTA)技术,证实了K_(2)O-V_(2)O_(5)体系中K_(3)V_(5)O_(14)为稳定存在的化合物,并试验...构建准确可靠的热力学数据库对提钒过程优化以及钒酸盐材料的制备具有重要的应用价值和指导意义。采用封闭铂金坩埚,结合X射线衍射(XRD)与差热分析(DTA)技术,证实了K_(2)O-V_(2)O_(5)体系中K_(3)V_(5)O_(14)为稳定存在的化合物,并试验测定了K_(2)V_(8)O_(21)和KVO_(3)的熔化温度分别为532.4℃和516.5℃。随后采用修正的准化学模型(MQM),引入溶液中第二相邻阳离子短程有序对描述吉布斯自由能的变化。基于CALPHAD框架(CALculation of PHAse Diagram,相图计算),构建了Na_(2)O-K_(2)O-V_(2)O_(5)体系的热力学模型,重现了Na_(2)O-K_(2)O-V_(2)O_(5)体系全组分范围的实验数据和热力学性质,获得了该体系中所有物相一系列自洽的热力学模型参数,最终构建了可靠的热力学数据库。进一步探讨了当前数据库在钒渣钠化焙烧提钒中的应用,明确了含钒物相的迁移规律,确定了最佳的操作温度窗口。展开更多
基金supported by the Leading Edge Technology of Jiangsu Province(BK20222009-X.Z.,BK20202008-X.Z.)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)National Undergraduate Innovation Training Program of NUAA(202410287179Y).
文摘Zn-based thermal charging devices,utilizing the synergistic effect of ion thermoextraction and thermodiffusion,are able to efficiently convert thermal energy into electrical energy and storage in the devices,making them a highly promising technology for low-grade heat recovery and utilization.However,the low output power density and energy conversion efficiency resulted by the slow diffusion kinetics of Zn^(2+)hinder their development.Herein,we present a highperformance thermal charging cell design using Zn^(2+)/NH_(4)^(+)hybrid ion electrolyte,which not only maintains the high output voltage of the Zn-based thermoelectric system,but also significantly enhances the output power density due to the fast diffusion kinetics of NH_(4)^(+).Based on this strategy,the thermal charging cell displays a high thermopower of 12.5 mV K^(-1)and an excellent normalized power density of 19.6 mW m^(-2)K^(-2)at a temperature difference of 35 K.The Carnot-relative efficiency is as high as 12.74%.Moreover,it can operate continuously for over 72 h when the temperature difference persists,achieving a balance between thermoelectric conversion and output.This work provides a simple and effective strategy for the design of high-performance thermal charging cells for low-grade heat conversion and utilization.
文摘构建准确可靠的热力学数据库对提钒过程优化以及钒酸盐材料的制备具有重要的应用价值和指导意义。采用封闭铂金坩埚,结合X射线衍射(XRD)与差热分析(DTA)技术,证实了K_(2)O-V_(2)O_(5)体系中K_(3)V_(5)O_(14)为稳定存在的化合物,并试验测定了K_(2)V_(8)O_(21)和KVO_(3)的熔化温度分别为532.4℃和516.5℃。随后采用修正的准化学模型(MQM),引入溶液中第二相邻阳离子短程有序对描述吉布斯自由能的变化。基于CALPHAD框架(CALculation of PHAse Diagram,相图计算),构建了Na_(2)O-K_(2)O-V_(2)O_(5)体系的热力学模型,重现了Na_(2)O-K_(2)O-V_(2)O_(5)体系全组分范围的实验数据和热力学性质,获得了该体系中所有物相一系列自洽的热力学模型参数,最终构建了可靠的热力学数据库。进一步探讨了当前数据库在钒渣钠化焙烧提钒中的应用,明确了含钒物相的迁移规律,确定了最佳的操作温度窗口。
