Introduction: Lower respiratory infections in general, and acute bronchiolitis in particular, represent a major cause of morbidity in children in Niger. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological, di...Introduction: Lower respiratory infections in general, and acute bronchiolitis in particular, represent a major cause of morbidity in children in Niger. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic features of acute bronchiolitis in infants in the Pediatrics A department of the National Hospital in Zinder. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with prospective data collection conducted from April 1 to May 31, 2024. All infants aged 0 to 24 months hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis in the pediatric ward A of Zinder National Hospital were included in the study. Epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects were the characteristics studied. Data analysis was performed using Epi info 7 software. Results: During the study period, acute bronchiolitis accounted for 51% of hospitalizations, and infants aged 3 - 11 months were the most affected (52.90%). The sex ratio was 1.6. The average age of patients was 10.40 ± 6.91 months, with extremes of 1 and 24 months. 98.50% of patients came from urban areas, and the socioeconomic level of families was average in 47.49% of cases. Mixed breastfeeding was practiced in 59.63% of cases. Average hospital admission time was 4.22 days. The main clinical signs were cough (43.18%), rhinorrhea (70.85%), ronchi (35.33%), crepitating rales (26.54%), sibilant rales (24.11%), signs of struggle (14.02%) and polypnea (70.85%). Paraclinical findings included chest distension, hyperleukocytosis and anemia, with 47.48%, 55.14% and 78.31% respectively. Therapeutically, nebulization was used in 93.08% of cases, respiratory physiotherapy (41.34%), corticosteroid therapy (34.08%), antibiotic therapy (21.50%), oxygen therapy (20.11%) and antipyretics (4.68%) were prescribed. Progression was favorable in 93.08% of patients, with a case-fatality rate of 1.12%. Conclusion: With its high frequency, acute bronchiolitis is a public health problem. Boys were the most affected by the condition, and the predominant age group was 3 to 11 months. Management was essentially based on nebulization and physiotherapy.展开更多
Objective: Chronic osteomyelitis represents a frequent complication in young children, especially those with sickle cell disease. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological aspects and therapeutic impli...Objective: Chronic osteomyelitis represents a frequent complication in young children, especially those with sickle cell disease. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological aspects and therapeutic implications of chronic long-bone osteomyelitis in sickle-cell subjects aged 0 to 5 years at Zinder National Hospital. Methodology: This is a descriptive study with retrospective data collection of sickle cell subjects hospitalized and treated for chronic osteomyelitis from November 2023 to October 2024 at Zinder National Hospital. Results: Of the 16 patients included, male sex predominated in 56.25% (9/16). The mean age of patients was 32.69 months, ranging from 12 to 54 months. Involvement was multifocal in 75% (12/16) and bilateral in 37.5% (6/16). Bone involvement was predominantly in the pelvic limbs (87.5%). Among the bones affected, the femur was the most frequent site of involvement. All patients presented clinical symptoms such as pain, fever and swelling. Hyperleukocytosis was present in all subjects. Abscesses were present in 93.75% of cases, and sequestration was observed in 37.5% of patients. All cases were managed medico-surgically. Complications were noted in 25% (4/16), and involved residual bone deformities. Cure was confirmed in 43.75% (7/16). Conclusion: Chronic osteomyelitis in sickle-cell patients is a serious complication of acute osteomyelitis. Early management of acute osteomyelitis helps to avoid.展开更多
Maize constitutes one of the most important crops in Niger’s fight for food security, and it is cultivated in all regions of the country. However, maize cultivation is declining due to low soil fertility. This study ...Maize constitutes one of the most important crops in Niger’s fight for food security, and it is cultivated in all regions of the country. However, maize cultivation is declining due to low soil fertility. This study focused on evaluating the impact of fertilizers on maize plant production in Zinder. The fertilizer effect was evaluated based on 21 quantitative and 9 qualitative descriptors proposed by IBPGR and CIMMYT 1991. The experiment was conducted during the rainy season in the experimental domain of Université André Salifou following randomized complete block designs with three repetitions. Seven fertilizer treatments, including two organic, two mineral, two combinations of fertilizers, and a control treatment, were applied. The analysis shows that fertilizers had positive effects on the earliness and productivity of the selected variety. The best yield of dry corn cob (7480 kg/ha) was recorded on organic fertilizer of composted poultry manure, which is equal to 4.8 times that obtained with the control (1561 kg/ha), followed by the mineral fertilizer NPK combined with composted cow dung with 6395.231 kg/ha. Therefore, the use of fertilizers could be an appropriate alternative to overcome the negative consequences of yield declines in the corn production system in the Zinder region.展开更多
Climate change is manifested by a modification in the frequency and intensity of extreme climatic phenomena that can cause significant damage to human activities and ecosystems. The objective of this study is to carry...Climate change is manifested by a modification in the frequency and intensity of extreme climatic phenomena that can cause significant damage to human activities and ecosystems. The objective of this study is to carry out a comparative analysis of the observed evolution of hydroclimatic extremes between the cities of Niamtougou (Togo) and Zinder (Niger) from 1980 to 2020. Daily data on rainfall and temperature (minimum and maximum) were used to calculate six (06) extreme rainfall indices and six (06) extreme temperature indices. Furthermore, the non-parametric Man-Kendhal test and Sen’s slope were applied to estimate trends in hydroclimatic extreme indices. The results indicate an increase in all extreme rainfall indices in both Niamtougou and Zinder. As for the indices relating to extreme temperatures, only the frequency of cool days and the frequency of cool nights show a negative trend in these two cities. These results are important for better management of climate risks in the study areas.展开更多
The framing of this theme would contribute to a better analysis of the benefits of open-air quarrying in Zinder, and should make it possible to understand and measure the socio-environmental externalities of this type...The framing of this theme would contribute to a better analysis of the benefits of open-air quarrying in Zinder, and should make it possible to understand and measure the socio-environmental externalities of this type of activity in an urban environment. The approach method consisted of carrying out surveys combined with field observations and interviews with the various stakeholders as well as the local population. The results obtained made it possible to identify both positive and negative impacts. The positive impacts are above all the advantages derived from these aggregate quarries, in particular, the creation of direct and permanent jobs and the increase in community income. The price of piling up a truck costs around 28,000 CFA ($56 CAN) and that of loading is around 10,000 F CFA ($20 CAN). This has the effect of removing young people (20 - 39 years old) from the circuit of migration outside the region and even the country. The possibility of using the extraction sites by the local population was identified, in terms of profits relating to fish farming, off-season crops, animal drinking and reclaimed plots. The study also noted negative externalities, such as the temptation of young boys to become involved in extractive activities for immediate gains at the expense of school attendance. Added to this is the upheaval in the topography of the urban landscape, pollution and nuisances (noise, visual and olfactory), while the disappearance or clogging of quarry ponds is the cause of frequent flooding in the neighborhoods. In short, corrective measures (e.g. the revegetation of sites) certainly make it possible to minimize the harmful impacts on the urban environment. But, to improve the performance and organizational capacity of the quarrying industry in Niger, even stronger regulation, training and awareness of stakeholders prove to be the necessary measures.展开更多
The aim of this study was to present the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of adult urological cancers in the department of urology at Zinder National Hospital. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-s...The aim of this study was to present the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of adult urological cancers in the department of urology at Zinder National Hospital. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of adult primary urologic cancers during the period of January 2019 to December 2023. Data were obtained from the record of patients admitted to urology, and the medical oncology department. The parameters studied were;frequency, age, sex, urogenital distribution, anatomopathological type, and therapeutic aspects. Data were recorded on Excel 2013 and analyzed with Epi-info version 7.2.5. Results: Epidemiology: About 289 cancers were diagnosed through 6017 consultations during the period, corresponding to 4.80% of urological pathologies: prostate cancer (n = 221;76.47%), bladder cancer (n = 46;15.92%), kidney cancer (n = 13;04.5%), testis cancer (n = 09;03.11%). Median age of patients was 50.42 years. Prostate cancer: was Adenocarcinoma in 100% (n = 221) with Gleason scores > 7 (77.83%) and prostatique specific antigen (PSA) > 20 ng/ml in 90.04%. Extension evaluation 134 cases (60.63%). Treatment was chirurgical castration in (62.44%) and resistance to castration appeared between 8 and 11 months. Hospital mortality for prostate cancer was 16.29%. Bladder cancer was found in 46 cases with Sex ratio 7/1. Cystoscopy was performed for all. Histology revealed squamous cell carcinoma (n = 41;89.13%), and (n = 5;10.87%) urothelial. Endoscopic resection performed (n = 14;30.43%). Kidney cancers were 13 cases (10 men, 03 women). Nephrectomy was performed in (n = 8;61.54%) cases and Histology revealed renal cell cancer in 76.92%. Testicular cancers were diag 09 cases. History of cryptorchidism was found in 4 cases, 4-year infertility in 3 cases. Orchidectomy was done in all cases. Chemotherapy in 3 cases. Conclusion: urological cancers are frequent, dominated by prostate cancer. The endemicity of bilharziasis has increased squamous cell carcinoma. The majority of patients have advanced form of the disease, which poses management problems.展开更多
Introduction: The nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common glomerular nephropathy in children. The aim of this work was to study the diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of NS in pediatrics at the national Hospital o...Introduction: The nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common glomerular nephropathy in children. The aim of this work was to study the diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of NS in pediatrics at the national Hospital of Zinder (Niger). Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out over an 11-month period from January 1, 2023 to November 30, 2023. Included were all children aged 5 to 15 years admitted during the study period for nephrotic syndrome in the Pediatric Department B of the National Hospital of Zinder (HNZ). Results: A total of 26 patients had fulfilled the inclusion criteria, i.e., a hospital frequency of 0.69%. The male sex was predominant with a frequency of 57.69% (sex ratio = 1.3). The 5 to 10 years age group was the most represented with a frequency of 57.69%. The mean age at diagnosis was 8 ± 2.9 years. A delay in consultation was observed in the majority of patients. The consultation time was longer than 14 days for 16 patients, i.e., 61.54%. Edema was found in all patients at the time of consultation, i.e., in 100% of the cases. The 24-hour proteinuria was between 50 to 100 mg/kg/day in 65% of cases with an average of 82.78 mg/kg/d. The protidemia and the average albuminemia were respectively 44.85 g/L and 18.78 g/L. The SN was pure in 15 patients (57.69% of cases) and impure in 11 patients (42.31% of cases). The treatment was essentially based on oral corticosteroid therapy (prednisolone: cotipred 20 mg). Corticosensitivity was observed in 22 patients, i.e., 84.61%, one (1) case of corticodependence (3.85%) and two (2) cases of corticoresistance, i.e., 7.69%. One (1) case of death was recorded, i.e., a frequency of 3.85%. Only one (1) patient had benefited from a renal biopsy puncture (RBP) and an anatomopathological examination. Conclusion: SN remains common in children at the HNZ. The improvement of the technical platform for PBR and anatomopathological examinations as well as the establishment of social security prove necessary for a better management of SN in children at the HNZ.展开更多
Introduction: Obstetric fistula (OF) is an abnormal communication between the genital and urinary tracts and/or associated with a recto-vaginal communication resulting from prolonged dystocic delivery. It is a frequen...Introduction: Obstetric fistula (OF) is an abnormal communication between the genital and urinary tracts and/or associated with a recto-vaginal communication resulting from prolonged dystocic delivery. It is a frequent pathology in underdeveloped countries. In Zinder no study has been carried out on obstetric fistula. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological, social impact and therapeutic aspects of obstetric fistula at the CSME of Zinder. Patient and Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of obstetric fistula care at CSME during the period of (January 2018 to June 2020). Results: A total of 196 cases were collected over 30 months. This represents an annual incidence of 78.4 fistulas. The median age of the patients was 18.63 years, and more than 65% were over 20 years old. One hundred and ninety-one patients (97.45%) did not attend school, and 56.12% (n = 110) lived in polygamous households. One hundred and fifty-one women (n = 151), 77.04% had full assistance from their husband during the first four (4) months of the pathology. Twenty-four (12.24%) had been notified of repudiation. Obstetrical risk of dystocia was found in 39.79% (n = 78) of the patients, of whom 24.49% (n = 48) had a focused antenatal consultation (CPNR). The labour lasted more than 24 hours in 100%. The majority of women are multiparous and 60% had at least 2 pregnancies. vesicovaginal fistula is the main pathological type with 86.23%. Fistulas were closed in 83.16% and 68.87% exited without urine loss. Conclusion: Obstetric fistula is a devastating disease affecting girls and young women in Niger, as in other countries in Africa and Asia. It is a major concern worldwide and is a social tragedy because it is disabling and depressing.展开更多
Purpose: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a global public health problem. Enterobacteriaceae ESBL is among the most incriminated in this emergence which reduces the therapeutic possibilities. Thus, the o...Purpose: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a global public health problem. Enterobacteriaceae ESBL is among the most incriminated in this emergence which reduces the therapeutic possibilities. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of the extended-spectrum beta- lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae at ZNH and their antibiotic susceptibility profile. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study carried out over 5 months in all hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients in whom a culture was taken for the diagnosis of an infection. The search for ESBL is done by the double disc diffusion method. Results: In total, 21 out of 45 of our strains are ESBL-producing, i.e. a frequency of 46.7%. The mean age is 41.62 (±22.90) with extremes of 2.6 - 78 years. The distribution of ESBL producing species showed a predominance of E. coli with 66.7% followed by K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca each 9.5%. All ESBL strains were resistant to Amoxicillin, Cefalotin, Pipiracillin, Piperacillin + tazobactam, Ticarcillin, Ticarcillin + clavulanic acid. Resistance to C3G and Aztreonam was each 95.5%, to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 9.1%. All strains were sensitive to imipenem. E. coli strains showed resistance: 85.7% to ciprofloxacin, 50% to Amikacin, 57.1% to Gentamicin. For K. pneumoniae, it is 66.7% for Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Our study reports a high prevalence of ESBL at the HNZ. This must be taken into account in order to monitor this phenomenon which constitutes a public health problem. The study also reports sensitivity to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and Aminoside which can be an alternative.展开更多
Background: Niger is one of the countries that have the highest fertility rate in the world, with 7, 6 children per woman. Zinder is the most populated region of Niger with 5 million inhabitants that is 1/5 of Niger p...Background: Niger is one of the countries that have the highest fertility rate in the world, with 7, 6 children per woman. Zinder is the most populated region of Niger with 5 million inhabitants that is 1/5 of Niger population. The demographic impact that has affected Niger the last 10 years: unemployment poverty and drug use, spawned violence of all kinds in Zinder region (physical and sexual violence). Sexual abuse is a major risk for poor psychiatric and physical outcomes. As sexual violence has serious consequences on the life and future of women and the community and it concerns our field of intervention, we initiated this study whose objective was to determine the socio-epidemiological and lesional aspects, the consequences and appropriate solutions of sexual violence in the Zinder. Methodology: This was a retrospective collection study of all cases of alleged sexual violence received over a 12-year period from 1 January 2009 to 30 June 2021 in Zinder’s referral maternity wards. Results: During the study period, 441 cases of sexual violence were collected;an annual average of 36 cases (441/12). The frequency is 1.29% on the 34,186 consultations. The mean age was 12.31 years with age extremes of 3 to 43 years. Students accounted for 25.39%. Street vendors were found in 224 cases or 50.79%. The predominant reason for admission is rape in 64.63%. The defloration was 52.15%. Pregnancy was found in 118 cases or 26.75%. HIV serology was positive in 1 victim. School dropout was 26.75%. Conclusion: The victims of sexual violence were minors, mostly street vendors and school children. The lack of means of repression at the time allowed the expansion of this violence. The consequences of sexual violence were severe. Advocacy has improved the phenomen on of sexual violence in Zinder.展开更多
Background: In developing countries maternal mortality and morbidity are most often due to the late to consult, poverty and ignorance. Added to this is, the under-medicalization of the health system. The objective of ...Background: In developing countries maternal mortality and morbidity are most often due to the late to consult, poverty and ignorance. Added to this is, the under-medicalization of the health system. The objective of study is to report a case of late consultation and its consequences and make recommendations to improve: case of abdominal pregnancy with hemorrhagic placenta at the Health and Mother Center (CSME) in Zinder/Niger. Clinical Observation: We describe a case of abdominal pregnancy with hemorrhagic placenta in a 24-year-old woman, without profession, resident in the city of Zinder with a low economic level, consulted for abdomino-pelvic pain. She had a notion of amenorrhea for 5 months without any consultation made. She was pale, feverish and had abdominal pain. Ultrasound revealed a 23-week-old fetus and an empty uterus. The diagnosis was abdominal pregnancy. A laparotomy was performed and a The morbidity was hysterectomy and anemia. The postoperative period course was complicated with anemia. The patient was cured on the 9th day with a good vital prognosis. Conclusion: Abdominal pregnancy occurred in a patient who presented a risk factor. Ultrasound was the key diagnostic test. Surgery was the treatment of choice and the prognosis depends on the earliness of the consultation. Community awareness and early consultation with health services can improve the prognosis of abdominal pregnancy.展开更多
We report in this series 5 cases of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). The mean age of the patients was 14.8 years (±9.65) with extremes ranging from 3 to 27 years. Three patients were female (60%) and two were male...We report in this series 5 cases of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). The mean age of the patients was 14.8 years (±9.65) with extremes ranging from 3 to 27 years. Three patients were female (60%) and two were male (40%). Three of our patients (60%) had no history of NF1 and two were monophthalmic because of plexiform neurofibromas involving the eyelid. Both cutaneous and plexiform neurofibromas were found in all our patients. The latter were of variable location: one on the chin, two on the left temporofacial region and two on the left upper eyelid. They were the cause of complications such as blindness in two patients. Café au lait macule (CALMs) was also present in all our patients. No cases of optic nerve glioma were found in the 3 patients (60%) who underwent an orbitocerebral CT scan. Lish nodules were observed in 4 patients (80%). With the exception of the 3-year-old female patient who was not old enough to go to school, all the other four patients dropped out of school because of the stigma attached to them.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Lower respiratory infections in general, and acute bronchiolitis in particular, represent a major cause of morbidity in children in Niger. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic features of acute bronchiolitis in infants in the Pediatrics A department of the National Hospital in Zinder. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional study with prospective data collection conducted from April 1 to May 31, 2024. All infants aged 0 to 24 months hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis in the pediatric ward A of Zinder National Hospital were included in the study. Epidemiological, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects were the characteristics studied. Data analysis was performed using Epi info 7 software. Results: During the study period, acute bronchiolitis accounted for 51% of hospitalizations, and infants aged 3 - 11 months were the most affected (52.90%). The sex ratio was 1.6. The average age of patients was 10.40 ± 6.91 months, with extremes of 1 and 24 months. 98.50% of patients came from urban areas, and the socioeconomic level of families was average in 47.49% of cases. Mixed breastfeeding was practiced in 59.63% of cases. Average hospital admission time was 4.22 days. The main clinical signs were cough (43.18%), rhinorrhea (70.85%), ronchi (35.33%), crepitating rales (26.54%), sibilant rales (24.11%), signs of struggle (14.02%) and polypnea (70.85%). Paraclinical findings included chest distension, hyperleukocytosis and anemia, with 47.48%, 55.14% and 78.31% respectively. Therapeutically, nebulization was used in 93.08% of cases, respiratory physiotherapy (41.34%), corticosteroid therapy (34.08%), antibiotic therapy (21.50%), oxygen therapy (20.11%) and antipyretics (4.68%) were prescribed. Progression was favorable in 93.08% of patients, with a case-fatality rate of 1.12%. Conclusion: With its high frequency, acute bronchiolitis is a public health problem. Boys were the most affected by the condition, and the predominant age group was 3 to 11 months. Management was essentially based on nebulization and physiotherapy.
文摘Objective: Chronic osteomyelitis represents a frequent complication in young children, especially those with sickle cell disease. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological aspects and therapeutic implications of chronic long-bone osteomyelitis in sickle-cell subjects aged 0 to 5 years at Zinder National Hospital. Methodology: This is a descriptive study with retrospective data collection of sickle cell subjects hospitalized and treated for chronic osteomyelitis from November 2023 to October 2024 at Zinder National Hospital. Results: Of the 16 patients included, male sex predominated in 56.25% (9/16). The mean age of patients was 32.69 months, ranging from 12 to 54 months. Involvement was multifocal in 75% (12/16) and bilateral in 37.5% (6/16). Bone involvement was predominantly in the pelvic limbs (87.5%). Among the bones affected, the femur was the most frequent site of involvement. All patients presented clinical symptoms such as pain, fever and swelling. Hyperleukocytosis was present in all subjects. Abscesses were present in 93.75% of cases, and sequestration was observed in 37.5% of patients. All cases were managed medico-surgically. Complications were noted in 25% (4/16), and involved residual bone deformities. Cure was confirmed in 43.75% (7/16). Conclusion: Chronic osteomyelitis in sickle-cell patients is a serious complication of acute osteomyelitis. Early management of acute osteomyelitis helps to avoid.
文摘Maize constitutes one of the most important crops in Niger’s fight for food security, and it is cultivated in all regions of the country. However, maize cultivation is declining due to low soil fertility. This study focused on evaluating the impact of fertilizers on maize plant production in Zinder. The fertilizer effect was evaluated based on 21 quantitative and 9 qualitative descriptors proposed by IBPGR and CIMMYT 1991. The experiment was conducted during the rainy season in the experimental domain of Université André Salifou following randomized complete block designs with three repetitions. Seven fertilizer treatments, including two organic, two mineral, two combinations of fertilizers, and a control treatment, were applied. The analysis shows that fertilizers had positive effects on the earliness and productivity of the selected variety. The best yield of dry corn cob (7480 kg/ha) was recorded on organic fertilizer of composted poultry manure, which is equal to 4.8 times that obtained with the control (1561 kg/ha), followed by the mineral fertilizer NPK combined with composted cow dung with 6395.231 kg/ha. Therefore, the use of fertilizers could be an appropriate alternative to overcome the negative consequences of yield declines in the corn production system in the Zinder region.
文摘Climate change is manifested by a modification in the frequency and intensity of extreme climatic phenomena that can cause significant damage to human activities and ecosystems. The objective of this study is to carry out a comparative analysis of the observed evolution of hydroclimatic extremes between the cities of Niamtougou (Togo) and Zinder (Niger) from 1980 to 2020. Daily data on rainfall and temperature (minimum and maximum) were used to calculate six (06) extreme rainfall indices and six (06) extreme temperature indices. Furthermore, the non-parametric Man-Kendhal test and Sen’s slope were applied to estimate trends in hydroclimatic extreme indices. The results indicate an increase in all extreme rainfall indices in both Niamtougou and Zinder. As for the indices relating to extreme temperatures, only the frequency of cool days and the frequency of cool nights show a negative trend in these two cities. These results are important for better management of climate risks in the study areas.
文摘The framing of this theme would contribute to a better analysis of the benefits of open-air quarrying in Zinder, and should make it possible to understand and measure the socio-environmental externalities of this type of activity in an urban environment. The approach method consisted of carrying out surveys combined with field observations and interviews with the various stakeholders as well as the local population. The results obtained made it possible to identify both positive and negative impacts. The positive impacts are above all the advantages derived from these aggregate quarries, in particular, the creation of direct and permanent jobs and the increase in community income. The price of piling up a truck costs around 28,000 CFA ($56 CAN) and that of loading is around 10,000 F CFA ($20 CAN). This has the effect of removing young people (20 - 39 years old) from the circuit of migration outside the region and even the country. The possibility of using the extraction sites by the local population was identified, in terms of profits relating to fish farming, off-season crops, animal drinking and reclaimed plots. The study also noted negative externalities, such as the temptation of young boys to become involved in extractive activities for immediate gains at the expense of school attendance. Added to this is the upheaval in the topography of the urban landscape, pollution and nuisances (noise, visual and olfactory), while the disappearance or clogging of quarry ponds is the cause of frequent flooding in the neighborhoods. In short, corrective measures (e.g. the revegetation of sites) certainly make it possible to minimize the harmful impacts on the urban environment. But, to improve the performance and organizational capacity of the quarrying industry in Niger, even stronger regulation, training and awareness of stakeholders prove to be the necessary measures.
文摘The aim of this study was to present the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of adult urological cancers in the department of urology at Zinder National Hospital. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of adult primary urologic cancers during the period of January 2019 to December 2023. Data were obtained from the record of patients admitted to urology, and the medical oncology department. The parameters studied were;frequency, age, sex, urogenital distribution, anatomopathological type, and therapeutic aspects. Data were recorded on Excel 2013 and analyzed with Epi-info version 7.2.5. Results: Epidemiology: About 289 cancers were diagnosed through 6017 consultations during the period, corresponding to 4.80% of urological pathologies: prostate cancer (n = 221;76.47%), bladder cancer (n = 46;15.92%), kidney cancer (n = 13;04.5%), testis cancer (n = 09;03.11%). Median age of patients was 50.42 years. Prostate cancer: was Adenocarcinoma in 100% (n = 221) with Gleason scores > 7 (77.83%) and prostatique specific antigen (PSA) > 20 ng/ml in 90.04%. Extension evaluation 134 cases (60.63%). Treatment was chirurgical castration in (62.44%) and resistance to castration appeared between 8 and 11 months. Hospital mortality for prostate cancer was 16.29%. Bladder cancer was found in 46 cases with Sex ratio 7/1. Cystoscopy was performed for all. Histology revealed squamous cell carcinoma (n = 41;89.13%), and (n = 5;10.87%) urothelial. Endoscopic resection performed (n = 14;30.43%). Kidney cancers were 13 cases (10 men, 03 women). Nephrectomy was performed in (n = 8;61.54%) cases and Histology revealed renal cell cancer in 76.92%. Testicular cancers were diag 09 cases. History of cryptorchidism was found in 4 cases, 4-year infertility in 3 cases. Orchidectomy was done in all cases. Chemotherapy in 3 cases. Conclusion: urological cancers are frequent, dominated by prostate cancer. The endemicity of bilharziasis has increased squamous cell carcinoma. The majority of patients have advanced form of the disease, which poses management problems.
文摘Introduction: The nephrotic syndrome (NS) is the most common glomerular nephropathy in children. The aim of this work was to study the diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of NS in pediatrics at the national Hospital of Zinder (Niger). Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out over an 11-month period from January 1, 2023 to November 30, 2023. Included were all children aged 5 to 15 years admitted during the study period for nephrotic syndrome in the Pediatric Department B of the National Hospital of Zinder (HNZ). Results: A total of 26 patients had fulfilled the inclusion criteria, i.e., a hospital frequency of 0.69%. The male sex was predominant with a frequency of 57.69% (sex ratio = 1.3). The 5 to 10 years age group was the most represented with a frequency of 57.69%. The mean age at diagnosis was 8 ± 2.9 years. A delay in consultation was observed in the majority of patients. The consultation time was longer than 14 days for 16 patients, i.e., 61.54%. Edema was found in all patients at the time of consultation, i.e., in 100% of the cases. The 24-hour proteinuria was between 50 to 100 mg/kg/day in 65% of cases with an average of 82.78 mg/kg/d. The protidemia and the average albuminemia were respectively 44.85 g/L and 18.78 g/L. The SN was pure in 15 patients (57.69% of cases) and impure in 11 patients (42.31% of cases). The treatment was essentially based on oral corticosteroid therapy (prednisolone: cotipred 20 mg). Corticosensitivity was observed in 22 patients, i.e., 84.61%, one (1) case of corticodependence (3.85%) and two (2) cases of corticoresistance, i.e., 7.69%. One (1) case of death was recorded, i.e., a frequency of 3.85%. Only one (1) patient had benefited from a renal biopsy puncture (RBP) and an anatomopathological examination. Conclusion: SN remains common in children at the HNZ. The improvement of the technical platform for PBR and anatomopathological examinations as well as the establishment of social security prove necessary for a better management of SN in children at the HNZ.
文摘Introduction: Obstetric fistula (OF) is an abnormal communication between the genital and urinary tracts and/or associated with a recto-vaginal communication resulting from prolonged dystocic delivery. It is a frequent pathology in underdeveloped countries. In Zinder no study has been carried out on obstetric fistula. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiological, social impact and therapeutic aspects of obstetric fistula at the CSME of Zinder. Patient and Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study of obstetric fistula care at CSME during the period of (January 2018 to June 2020). Results: A total of 196 cases were collected over 30 months. This represents an annual incidence of 78.4 fistulas. The median age of the patients was 18.63 years, and more than 65% were over 20 years old. One hundred and ninety-one patients (97.45%) did not attend school, and 56.12% (n = 110) lived in polygamous households. One hundred and fifty-one women (n = 151), 77.04% had full assistance from their husband during the first four (4) months of the pathology. Twenty-four (12.24%) had been notified of repudiation. Obstetrical risk of dystocia was found in 39.79% (n = 78) of the patients, of whom 24.49% (n = 48) had a focused antenatal consultation (CPNR). The labour lasted more than 24 hours in 100%. The majority of women are multiparous and 60% had at least 2 pregnancies. vesicovaginal fistula is the main pathological type with 86.23%. Fistulas were closed in 83.16% and 68.87% exited without urine loss. Conclusion: Obstetric fistula is a devastating disease affecting girls and young women in Niger, as in other countries in Africa and Asia. It is a major concern worldwide and is a social tragedy because it is disabling and depressing.
文摘Purpose: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics has become a global public health problem. Enterobacteriaceae ESBL is among the most incriminated in this emergence which reduces the therapeutic possibilities. Thus, the objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of the extended-spectrum beta- lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae at ZNH and their antibiotic susceptibility profile. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study carried out over 5 months in all hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients in whom a culture was taken for the diagnosis of an infection. The search for ESBL is done by the double disc diffusion method. Results: In total, 21 out of 45 of our strains are ESBL-producing, i.e. a frequency of 46.7%. The mean age is 41.62 (±22.90) with extremes of 2.6 - 78 years. The distribution of ESBL producing species showed a predominance of E. coli with 66.7% followed by K. pneumoniae and K. oxytoca each 9.5%. All ESBL strains were resistant to Amoxicillin, Cefalotin, Pipiracillin, Piperacillin + tazobactam, Ticarcillin, Ticarcillin + clavulanic acid. Resistance to C3G and Aztreonam was each 95.5%, to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid 9.1%. All strains were sensitive to imipenem. E. coli strains showed resistance: 85.7% to ciprofloxacin, 50% to Amikacin, 57.1% to Gentamicin. For K. pneumoniae, it is 66.7% for Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Our study reports a high prevalence of ESBL at the HNZ. This must be taken into account in order to monitor this phenomenon which constitutes a public health problem. The study also reports sensitivity to Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and Aminoside which can be an alternative.
文摘Background: Niger is one of the countries that have the highest fertility rate in the world, with 7, 6 children per woman. Zinder is the most populated region of Niger with 5 million inhabitants that is 1/5 of Niger population. The demographic impact that has affected Niger the last 10 years: unemployment poverty and drug use, spawned violence of all kinds in Zinder region (physical and sexual violence). Sexual abuse is a major risk for poor psychiatric and physical outcomes. As sexual violence has serious consequences on the life and future of women and the community and it concerns our field of intervention, we initiated this study whose objective was to determine the socio-epidemiological and lesional aspects, the consequences and appropriate solutions of sexual violence in the Zinder. Methodology: This was a retrospective collection study of all cases of alleged sexual violence received over a 12-year period from 1 January 2009 to 30 June 2021 in Zinder’s referral maternity wards. Results: During the study period, 441 cases of sexual violence were collected;an annual average of 36 cases (441/12). The frequency is 1.29% on the 34,186 consultations. The mean age was 12.31 years with age extremes of 3 to 43 years. Students accounted for 25.39%. Street vendors were found in 224 cases or 50.79%. The predominant reason for admission is rape in 64.63%. The defloration was 52.15%. Pregnancy was found in 118 cases or 26.75%. HIV serology was positive in 1 victim. School dropout was 26.75%. Conclusion: The victims of sexual violence were minors, mostly street vendors and school children. The lack of means of repression at the time allowed the expansion of this violence. The consequences of sexual violence were severe. Advocacy has improved the phenomen on of sexual violence in Zinder.
文摘Background: In developing countries maternal mortality and morbidity are most often due to the late to consult, poverty and ignorance. Added to this is, the under-medicalization of the health system. The objective of study is to report a case of late consultation and its consequences and make recommendations to improve: case of abdominal pregnancy with hemorrhagic placenta at the Health and Mother Center (CSME) in Zinder/Niger. Clinical Observation: We describe a case of abdominal pregnancy with hemorrhagic placenta in a 24-year-old woman, without profession, resident in the city of Zinder with a low economic level, consulted for abdomino-pelvic pain. She had a notion of amenorrhea for 5 months without any consultation made. She was pale, feverish and had abdominal pain. Ultrasound revealed a 23-week-old fetus and an empty uterus. The diagnosis was abdominal pregnancy. A laparotomy was performed and a The morbidity was hysterectomy and anemia. The postoperative period course was complicated with anemia. The patient was cured on the 9th day with a good vital prognosis. Conclusion: Abdominal pregnancy occurred in a patient who presented a risk factor. Ultrasound was the key diagnostic test. Surgery was the treatment of choice and the prognosis depends on the earliness of the consultation. Community awareness and early consultation with health services can improve the prognosis of abdominal pregnancy.
文摘We report in this series 5 cases of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). The mean age of the patients was 14.8 years (±9.65) with extremes ranging from 3 to 27 years. Three patients were female (60%) and two were male (40%). Three of our patients (60%) had no history of NF1 and two were monophthalmic because of plexiform neurofibromas involving the eyelid. Both cutaneous and plexiform neurofibromas were found in all our patients. The latter were of variable location: one on the chin, two on the left temporofacial region and two on the left upper eyelid. They were the cause of complications such as blindness in two patients. Café au lait macule (CALMs) was also present in all our patients. No cases of optic nerve glioma were found in the 3 patients (60%) who underwent an orbitocerebral CT scan. Lish nodules were observed in 4 patients (80%). With the exception of the 3-year-old female patient who was not old enough to go to school, all the other four patients dropped out of school because of the stigma attached to them.
