Zinc-based batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their inherent safety,notable cost-effectiveness and consistent performance,etc.However,the advancement of zinc-based battery technology encounters signi...Zinc-based batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their inherent safety,notable cost-effectiveness and consistent performance,etc.However,the advancement of zinc-based battery technology encounters significant challenges,including the formation of zinc dendrites and irreversible side reactions.Separators are vital in batteries due to their role in preventing electrode contact and facilitating rapid movement of ions within the electrolyte.The incorporation of cellulose in batteries enables uniform ion transport and a stable electricfield,attributed to its excellent hydrophilicity,strong mechanical strength,and abundant active sites.Herein,the latest research progress of cellulose-based separators on various zinc-based batteries is systematically summarized.To begin with,the accomplishments and inherent limitations of traditional sep-arators are clarified.Next,it underscores the advantages of cellulose-based materials in battery technology,thoroughly examining their utilization and merits as separators in zinc-based batteries.Lastly,the review offers prospective insights into the future trajectory of cellulose-based separators in zinc-based batteries.Through a comprehensive analysis of the present landscape,the review establishes a framework for the future design and enhancement of cellulose-based separators,thereby fostering the progression of associated industries.展开更多
Zinc-based batteries(ZBs)have been deemed as a potential substitute for lithium-ion batteries due to its unique advantages of abundant resources,low cost and acceptable energy density.Despite great progress in designi...Zinc-based batteries(ZBs)have been deemed as a potential substitute for lithium-ion batteries due to its unique advantages of abundant resources,low cost and acceptable energy density.Despite great progress in designing electrode materials has been made,the development of high-performance ZBs still remain challenges,such as the dendrite growth of zinc anode,hydrogen evolution reaction,limited electrochemical stability window,water evaporation and liquid leakage.Gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs),including hydrous GPEs with low content of active water and anhydrous GPEs without the presence of water,are proposed to avoid these problems.Furthermore,employing GPEs is conductive to fabricate flexible devices owing to the good mechanical strength.To date,most of researches focus on discovering new GPEs and exploring its application on flexible or wearable devices.Recent reviews also have outlined the polymer matrixes and advances of GPEs in various battery systems.Given this,herein,we seek to summarize the gelation mechanisms of GPEs,involving physical gel of polymer,chemical crosslinking of polymer and chemical polymerization of monomers.Peculiarly,the preparation methods are also classified.In addition,not only the features and central conundrum of GPEs are analyzed but also the corresponding strategies are discussed,contributing to design GPEs with ideal properties for high-performance ZBs.展开更多
The development of wearable electronic systems has generated increasing demand for flexible power sources.Alkaline zinc(Zn)-based batteries,as one of the most mature energy storage technologies,have been considered as...The development of wearable electronic systems has generated increasing demand for flexible power sources.Alkaline zinc(Zn)-based batteries,as one of the most mature energy storage technologies,have been considered as a promising power source owing to their exceptional safety,low costs,and outstanding electrochemical performance.However,the conventional alkaline Zn-based battery systems face many challenges associated with electrodes and electrolytes,causing low capacity,poor cycle life,and inferior mechanical performance.Recent advances in materials and structure design have enabled the revisitation of the alkaline Zn-based battery technology for applications in flexible electronics.Herein,we summarize the up-to-date works in flexible alkaline Zn-based batteries and analyze the strategies employed to improve battery performance.Firstly,we introduce the three most reported cathode materials(including Ag-based,Ni-based,and Co-based materials)for flexible alkaline Zn-based batteries.Then,challenges and modifications in battery anodes are investigated.Thirdly,the recently advanced gel electrolytes are introduced from their properties,functions as well as advanced fabrications.Finally,recent works and the advantages of sandwich-type,fiber-type and thin film-type flexible batteries are summarized and compared.This review provides insights and guidance for the design of high-performance flexible Zn-based batteries for next-generation electronics.展开更多
The corrosion behavior of coatings of pure zinc and Zn-Al,Zn-Al-RE alloys in NaCl solu- tions was studied by salt-spray experiments,even corrosion experiments and electrochemical measurements of bi-directional polariz...The corrosion behavior of coatings of pure zinc and Zn-Al,Zn-Al-RE alloys in NaCl solu- tions was studied by salt-spray experiments,even corrosion experiments and electrochemical measurements of bi-directional polarization curves and a.c.impedance in weak polarization region consistent regularities were obtained by these different methods,viz.,the corrosion resistance of Zn could be enhanced by alloying it with Al,and particularly with Al-RE.The causes of enhancement of corrosion resistance by RE were also discussed.展开更多
Base on a vast amount of testing and calculations for the welding thermal cycling curves of different testing points in fusion welding (TIG welding, gas welding) HAZ of zinc-based alloy with low melting points, this p...Base on a vast amount of testing and calculations for the welding thermal cycling curves of different testing points in fusion welding (TIG welding, gas welding) HAZ of zinc-based alloy with low melting points, this paper defines the welding thermal cycle parameters of microstructure stimulation of HAZ by zinc-based alloy fusion welding process. On the principle of which the microstrnct,are and harkness of the testing points in simulation specimens are basically correspondence with that of actual welding HAZ, the microstructure simulation of testing points Tm=370O℃. 305℃) of ZA12 alloy by fusion welding is carried out by the means of omhic-heating welding thermal simulation tester. The study results of the abrasion-resistance of simulation specimens HAZ by fusion welding process indicates that the abmsion-resistance is closely related to the form of eutectoid microstructure in or in the structure.展开更多
Zinc-based flow batteries(ZFBs)have aroused great favor in large-scale energy storage due to the high security and low cost.However,the low areal capacity arising from the limited space for Zn plating hinders the furt...Zinc-based flow batteries(ZFBs)have aroused great favor in large-scale energy storage due to the high security and low cost.However,the low areal capacity arising from the limited space for Zn plating hinders the further development.Herein,a novel carbon felt-Sn-carbon felt sandwich host(CSCH)is designed and constructed.Benefiting from the strong chemical absorption and the dehydration effect on Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)^(2+),the Sn activation layer in the CSCH demonstrates the lowest comprehensive resistance for Zn deposition.Thus,Zn is induced to nucleate preferentially on the Sn activation layer,and grows towards the membrane,regulating the spatial distribution of Zn electrochemical deposits,which remarkably improves the areal capacity and cyclic stability of Zn anode.Consequently,the zinc-bromine flow batteries equipped with CSCH electrodes can achieve the ultra-high areal capacity of 120 mA h cm^(-2)at 80 mA cm^(-2),and run stably for 140 h with average energy efficiency of 80.3%in the extreme condition(80 mA cm^(-2),80 mA h cm^(-2)).This innovative work will inspire future advanced designs for high areal capacity electrodes in ZFBs.展开更多
The rapid evolution of flexible wearable electronics has spurred a growing demand for energy storage devices,characterized by low-cost manufacturing processes,high safety standards,exceptional electrochemical performa...The rapid evolution of flexible wearable electronics has spurred a growing demand for energy storage devices,characterized by low-cost manufacturing processes,high safety standards,exceptional electrochemical performance and robust mechanical properties.Among novel flexible devices,fiber-shaped batteries(FSBs)have emerged as prominent solutions exceptionally suited to future applications,owing to their unique one-dimensional(1D)architecture,remarkable flexibility,potential for miniaturization,adaptability to deformation and compatibility with the conventional textile industry.In the forefront research on fiber-shaped batteries,zincbased FSBs(ZFSBs)have garnered significant attentions,featured by the promising electrochemical properties of metallic Zn.This enthusiasm is driven by the impressive capacity of Zn(820 mAh·g^(-1))and its low redox potential(Zn/Zn^(2+):-0.76 V vs.standard hydrogen electrode).This review aims to consolidate recent achievements in the structural design,fabrication processes and electrode materials of flexible ZFSBs.Notably,we highlight three representative structural configurations:parallel type,twisted type and coaxial type.We also place special emphasis on electrode modifications and electrolyte selection.Furthermore,we delve into the promising development opportunities and anticipate future challenges associated with ZFSBs,emphasizing their potential roles in powering the next generation of wearable electronics.展开更多
Additive manufacturing (AM) of zinc-based biodegradable materials is a hot research topic,especially for bone-scaffold applications,because of the moderate degradation rate,good biocompatibility,and suitable mechanica...Additive manufacturing (AM) of zinc-based biodegradable materials is a hot research topic,especially for bone-scaffold applications,because of the moderate degradation rate,good biocompatibility,and suitable mechanical properties of these materials.Furthermore,AM enables the fabrication of complex internal structures suitable for implants.Literature on the AM of degradable zinc-based biomaterials from the Web of Science Core Collection was evaluated in this review.The bibliometric tool CiteSpace was used to analyze historical characteristics,evolving research topics,and emerging trends in this field.Our research results predict that the composition,processing techniques,in vitro biocompatibility,and manufacturing quality of biodegradable AM zinc-basedmaterials will continue to be hot topics in recent years.To address implant requirements,particularly for bone-repair materials,the mechanical properties of materials (including the resistance to degradation,creep,and aging),degradation rates,in-vivo biocompatibility,and specialized processing techniques that affect these properties (such as coating processes,heat treatments,material surface structures,and micros truc tural compositions) will become hot research topics in the future.We propose future research directions based on an in-depth analysis of four main topics of AM biodegradable zinc-based materials (manufacturing quality,material composition,unit configuration,and biocompatibility).The findings provide important guidance for future theoretical research and industrial development of AM zinc-based biomaterials.展开更多
Zinc-based batteries(ZBBs)have garnered significant attention in the field of energy storage and conversion owing to their exceptional advantages,including high energy density,intrinsic environmental benignity,low mat...Zinc-based batteries(ZBBs)have garnered significant attention in the field of energy storage and conversion owing to their exceptional advantages,including high energy density,intrinsic environmental benignity,low material cost,as well as enhanced safety characteristics.Nevertheless,several critical challenges persist,predominantly the propensity for dendrite growth,inherent kinetic limitations,deleterious electrode side reactions,and perplexing shuttle effects,which collectively impede the practical implementation and commercial viability of ZBBs.In this context,fibers fabricated via electrospinning technology exhibit remarkable advantages in terms of enhanced specific surface area,improved electrical conductivity,and superior mechanical integrity,while also affording optimized pore structures.These unique features render electrospinning fibers particularly promising for addressing the key issues that limit ZBBs performance,including energy density,charge/discharge rate capabilities,and cycling stability.So,it is very necessary to summarize electrospinning technology application in ZBBs.This paper firstly analyzes the fundamental mechanisms and inherent challenges of ZBBs including zincion,zinc-air,and zinc-halide batteries.Subsequently,the application of electrospinning fiber structures in anodes,cathodes,separators,and electrolytes optimization for ZBBs is summarized.Finally,the prospect of electrospinning technology in ZBBs is envisioned,and existing challenges are presented for its further application.展开更多
Energy storage technologies have been identified as the key in constructing new electric power systems and achieving carbon neutrality,as they can absorb and smooth the renewables-generated electricity.Alkaline zinc-b...Energy storage technologies have been identified as the key in constructing new electric power systems and achieving carbon neutrality,as they can absorb and smooth the renewables-generated electricity.Alkaline zinc-based flow batteries are well suitable for stationary energy storage applications,since they feature the advantages of high safety,high cell voltage and low cost.Currently,many alkaline zinc-based flow batteries have been proposed and developed,e.g.,the alkaline zinc–iron flow battery and alkaline zinc–nickel flow battery.Their development and application are closely related to advanced materials and battery configurations.In this perspective,we will first provide a brief introduction and discussion of alkaline zinc-based flow batteries.Then we focus on these batteries from the perspective of their current status,challenges and prospects.The bottlenecks for these batteries are briefly analyzed.Combined with the practical requirements and development trends of alkaline zinc-based flow battery technologies,their future development and research direction will be summarized.展开更多
Objectives:To examine the 16-year developmental history,research hotspots,and emerging trends of zinc-based biodegradable metallic materials from the perspective of structural and temporal dynamics.Methods:The literat...Objectives:To examine the 16-year developmental history,research hotspots,and emerging trends of zinc-based biodegradable metallic materials from the perspective of structural and temporal dynamics.Methods:The literature on zinc-based biodegradable metallic materials in WoSCC was searched.Historical characteristics,the evolution of active topics and development trends in the field of zinc-based biodegradable metallic materials were analyzed using the bibliometric tools CiteSpace and HistCite.Results:Over the past 16 years,the field of zinc-based biodegradable metal materials has remained in a hotspot stage,with extensive scientific collaboration.In addition,there are 45 subject categories and 51 keywords in different research periods,and 80 papers experience citation bursts.Keyword clustering anchored 3 emerging research subfields,namely,#1 plastic deformation#4 additive manufacturing#5 surface modification.The keyword alluvial map shows that the longest-lasting research concepts in the field are mechanical property,microstructure,corrosion behavior,etc.,and emerging keywords are additive manufacturing,surface modification,dynamic recrystallization,etc.The most recent research on reference clustering has six subfields.Namely,#0 microstructure,#2 sem,#3 additive manufacturing,#4 laser powder bed fusion,#5 implant,and#7 Zn-1Mg.Conclusion:The results of the bibliometric study provide the current status and trends of research on zinc-based biodegradable metallic materials,which can help researchers identify hot spots and explore new research directions in the field.展开更多
Zinc-based flow battery is an energy storage technology with good application prospects because of its advantages of abundant raw materials,low cost,and environmental friendliness.The chemical stability of zinc electr...Zinc-based flow battery is an energy storage technology with good application prospects because of its advantages of abundant raw materials,low cost,and environmental friendliness.The chemical stability of zinc electrodes exposed to electrolyte is a very important issue for zinc-based batteries.This paper reports on details of chemical stability of the zinc metal exposed to a series of solutions,as well as the relationship between the morphological evolution of zinc electrodes and their properties in an alkaline medium.Chemical corrosion of zinc electrodes by the electrolyte will change their surface morphology.However,we observed that chemical corrosion is not the main contributor to the evolution of zinc electrode surface morphology,but the main contributor is the Zn/Zn^(2+)electrode process.The morphological evolution of zinc electrodes was controlled by using ionic liquids,1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate(EMIA),and 1-propylsulfonic-3-methylimidazolium tosylate(PSMIT),and the electrode performance was recorded during the morphological evolution process.It was observed that the reversible change of zinc electrode morphology was accompanied by better electrode performance.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-based batteries(ZBBs)have great potential as commercial energy storage devices.However,the poor cycling stability of zinc anode under high areal capacity limits their further application.Herein,a coupled ...Aqueous zinc-based batteries(ZBBs)have great potential as commercial energy storage devices.However,the poor cycling stability of zinc anode under high areal capacity limits their further application.Herein,a coupled non-planar electrode design achieved by the tailored flat-top pyramid carbon felt(TCF)is proposed for ZBBs,which can effectively increase the zinc deposition sites,adjust the deposition morphology,optimize the current and electrolyte flow velocity distribution and provide necessary space for zinc plating.Interestingly,by utilizing "tip effect",the coupled TCFs enable precise control of the zinc dendrite growth position,effectively reducing the risk of short circuit.Based on such coupled TCFs,zinciodine flow batteries can deliver an ultra-high areal capacity of 240 m Ah cm^(-2) and a superb cycling stability over 300 cycles(areal capacity of 160 m Ah cm^(-2))at a high current density of 40 m A cm^(-2).Therefore,we provide an effective strategy for high areal capacity zinc anode design,which may promote the development of high energy density and long cycle life ZBBs.展开更多
Background:Zinc-based biomaterials,including biodegradable metal,nanoparticles,and coatings used in medical implants release zinc ions that may increase the whole-body and serum zinc concentrations.The impact of serum...Background:Zinc-based biomaterials,including biodegradable metal,nanoparticles,and coatings used in medical implants release zinc ions that may increase the whole-body and serum zinc concentrations.The impact of serum zinc concentrations on major health outcomes can provide insights for device design and clinical transformation of zinc-based biomaterials.Methods:This nationally representative cross-sectional study enrolled participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES,2011-2014)including 3607 participants.Using unadjusted and multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analyses,two-piecewise linear regression model with a smoothing function and threshold level analysis,we evaluated the associations between elevated serum zinc levels and major health outcomes.Results:Elevated serum zinc levels were significantly associated with an increase in total spine and total femur bone mineral density(BMD).Every 10μg/dL increase was associated with a 1.12-fold increase in diabetes mellitus(DM)and 1.23-fold and 1.29-fold increase in cardiovascular diseases(CVD)and coronary heart disease(CHD),in participants with serum zinc levels≥100μg/dL.It had no significant linear or nonlinear associations with risk of fractures,congestive heart failure,heart attack,thyroid disease,arthritis,osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis,dyslipidemia and cancer.Conclusion:Serum zinc levels are significantly associated with increased BMD in the total spine and total femur,and risk of DM,and CVD/CHD among participants with serum zinc levels≥100μg/dL.展开更多
This study systematically investigated the microstructure,mechanical properties,and corrosion behavior of an extruded Zn-0.2Mg alloy processed by multi-directional forging(MDF)at 100℃.The mean grain size was remarkab...This study systematically investigated the microstructure,mechanical properties,and corrosion behavior of an extruded Zn-0.2Mg alloy processed by multi-directional forging(MDF)at 100℃.The mean grain size was remarkably decreased from 17.2±0.5µm to 1.9±0.3µm,and 84.4%of the microstructure was occupied by grains of below 1µm in size after applying three MDF passes.Electron backscattered difraction examinations revealed that continuous dynamic recrystallization,progressive lattice rotation,and particle-stimulated nucleation mechanisms were recognized as contributing to microstructural evolution.Furthermore,transmission electron microscopy results showed that nanoparticles of Mg/Zn dynamically formed under high strain MDF,while the initial extrusion fber texture was altered to be<0001>parallel to the fnal forging axis.A synergistic efect of grain refnement,texture evolution,second-phase precipitates,and dislocation strengthening resulted in an increased ultimate tensile strength of 232±5 MPa after three MDF passes.However,this was accompanied by a reduction in the elongation(8±2.1%).Additionally,a high corrosion rate of 0.59 mm/year was measured for the experimental alloy fabricated by 3 MDF passes.In agreement with the latter,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results indicated that the grain refnement improved the passivation kinetics of the oxide layer.展开更多
Metallic zinc(Zn)is one of the most attractive multivalent-metal anode materials in post-lithium batteries because of its high abundance,low cost and high theoretical capacity.However,it usually suffers from large vol...Metallic zinc(Zn)is one of the most attractive multivalent-metal anode materials in post-lithium batteries because of its high abundance,low cost and high theoretical capacity.However,it usually suffers from large voltage polarization,low Coulombic efficiency and high propensity for dendritic failure during Zn stripping/plating,hindering the practical application in aqueous rechargeable zinc-metal batteries(AR-ZMBs).Here we demonstrate that anionic surfactant-assisted in situ surface alloying of Cu and Zn remarkably improves Zn reversibility of 3D nanoporous Zn electrodes for potential use as high-performance AR-ZMB anode materials.As a result of the zincophilic ZnxCuy alloy shell guiding uniform Zn deposition with a zero nucleation overpotential and facilitating Zn stripping via the ZnxCuy/Zn galvanic couples,the self-supported nanoporous ZnxCuy/Zn electrodes exhibit superior dendrite-free Zn stripping/plating behaviors in ambient aqueous electrolyte,with ultralow polarizations under current densities up to 50 mA cm^(‒2),exceptional stability for 1900 h and high Zn utilization.This enables AR-ZMB full cells constructed with nanoporous ZnxCuy/Zn anode and K_(z)MnO_(2)cathode to achieve specific energy of as high as~430 Wh kg^(‒1)with~99.8%Coulombic efficiency,and retain~86%after long-term cycles for>700 h.展开更多
The influence of different Al contents on the microstructure, hardness, tensile and wear behavior of Zn-based alloys was investigated in the present study. The test results show that alloy with 27% Al content shows th...The influence of different Al contents on the microstructure, hardness, tensile and wear behavior of Zn-based alloys was investigated in the present study. The test results show that alloy with 27% Al content shows the higher ultimate strength and elongation percent at room and elevated temperatures. It also exhibits the higher wear resistance at all loads in view of the higher tightness of Zn-27Al alloy. Increasing Al content from 33% to 48% results in improvement of ultimate strength and elongation percent at room and elevated temperatures. However, the ultimate strength and elongation percent of the ZA48 alloy are still lower than that of Zn-27Al alloys. The reason can be attributed to the increasing segregation and voids with increasing Al contents.展开更多
Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors(ZICs) are considered as newly-emerging and competitive candidates for energy storage devices due to the integration of characteristic capacitor-level power and complementary battery-level en...Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors(ZICs) are considered as newly-emerging and competitive candidates for energy storage devices due to the integration of characteristic capacitor-level power and complementary battery-level energy. The practical application of rising ZICs still faces the specific capacity and dynamics mismatch between the two electrodes with different energy storage mechanisms, which cannot meet the ever-growing indicator demand for portable electronic displays and public traffic facilities. Focusing on these unresolved issues, this mini-review presents recent advances in ZICs referring to the hybrid energy storage mechanism, design strategies of both capacitor-type and battery-type electrode materials, and electrolyte research toward advanced performances(e.g., high operational potential, wide adaptive temperature). Finally, current challenges and future outlook have been proposed to guide further exploration of next-generation ZICs with a combination of high-power delivery, high-energy output and high-quality service durability.展开更多
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22304055)Central Guiding Local Science and Technology Development Fund Project(No.236Z4409G)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.D2023209012,B2022209026)Youth Talent Program of Hebei Province Education Department(No.BJ2025032)Science and Technology Planning Project of Tangshan City(No.22130227H)Youth Scholars Promotion Plan of North China University of Science and Technology(No.QNTJ202306).
文摘Zinc-based batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their inherent safety,notable cost-effectiveness and consistent performance,etc.However,the advancement of zinc-based battery technology encounters significant challenges,including the formation of zinc dendrites and irreversible side reactions.Separators are vital in batteries due to their role in preventing electrode contact and facilitating rapid movement of ions within the electrolyte.The incorporation of cellulose in batteries enables uniform ion transport and a stable electricfield,attributed to its excellent hydrophilicity,strong mechanical strength,and abundant active sites.Herein,the latest research progress of cellulose-based separators on various zinc-based batteries is systematically summarized.To begin with,the accomplishments and inherent limitations of traditional sep-arators are clarified.Next,it underscores the advantages of cellulose-based materials in battery technology,thoroughly examining their utilization and merits as separators in zinc-based batteries.Lastly,the review offers prospective insights into the future trajectory of cellulose-based separators in zinc-based batteries.Through a comprehensive analysis of the present landscape,the review establishes a framework for the future design and enhancement of cellulose-based separators,thereby fostering the progression of associated industries.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(No.222300420511)Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(No.212102210462).
文摘Zinc-based batteries(ZBs)have been deemed as a potential substitute for lithium-ion batteries due to its unique advantages of abundant resources,low cost and acceptable energy density.Despite great progress in designing electrode materials has been made,the development of high-performance ZBs still remain challenges,such as the dendrite growth of zinc anode,hydrogen evolution reaction,limited electrochemical stability window,water evaporation and liquid leakage.Gel polymer electrolytes(GPEs),including hydrous GPEs with low content of active water and anhydrous GPEs without the presence of water,are proposed to avoid these problems.Furthermore,employing GPEs is conductive to fabricate flexible devices owing to the good mechanical strength.To date,most of researches focus on discovering new GPEs and exploring its application on flexible or wearable devices.Recent reviews also have outlined the polymer matrixes and advances of GPEs in various battery systems.Given this,herein,we seek to summarize the gelation mechanisms of GPEs,involving physical gel of polymer,chemical crosslinking of polymer and chemical polymerization of monomers.Peculiarly,the preparation methods are also classified.In addition,not only the features and central conundrum of GPEs are analyzed but also the corresponding strategies are discussed,contributing to design GPEs with ideal properties for high-performance ZBs.
基金financial support from the Australian Research Council(LP1900113)。
文摘The development of wearable electronic systems has generated increasing demand for flexible power sources.Alkaline zinc(Zn)-based batteries,as one of the most mature energy storage technologies,have been considered as a promising power source owing to their exceptional safety,low costs,and outstanding electrochemical performance.However,the conventional alkaline Zn-based battery systems face many challenges associated with electrodes and electrolytes,causing low capacity,poor cycle life,and inferior mechanical performance.Recent advances in materials and structure design have enabled the revisitation of the alkaline Zn-based battery technology for applications in flexible electronics.Herein,we summarize the up-to-date works in flexible alkaline Zn-based batteries and analyze the strategies employed to improve battery performance.Firstly,we introduce the three most reported cathode materials(including Ag-based,Ni-based,and Co-based materials)for flexible alkaline Zn-based batteries.Then,challenges and modifications in battery anodes are investigated.Thirdly,the recently advanced gel electrolytes are introduced from their properties,functions as well as advanced fabrications.Finally,recent works and the advantages of sandwich-type,fiber-type and thin film-type flexible batteries are summarized and compared.This review provides insights and guidance for the design of high-performance flexible Zn-based batteries for next-generation electronics.
文摘The corrosion behavior of coatings of pure zinc and Zn-Al,Zn-Al-RE alloys in NaCl solu- tions was studied by salt-spray experiments,even corrosion experiments and electrochemical measurements of bi-directional polarization curves and a.c.impedance in weak polarization region consistent regularities were obtained by these different methods,viz.,the corrosion resistance of Zn could be enhanced by alloying it with Al,and particularly with Al-RE.The causes of enhancement of corrosion resistance by RE were also discussed.
文摘Base on a vast amount of testing and calculations for the welding thermal cycling curves of different testing points in fusion welding (TIG welding, gas welding) HAZ of zinc-based alloy with low melting points, this paper defines the welding thermal cycle parameters of microstructure stimulation of HAZ by zinc-based alloy fusion welding process. On the principle of which the microstrnct,are and harkness of the testing points in simulation specimens are basically correspondence with that of actual welding HAZ, the microstructure simulation of testing points Tm=370O℃. 305℃) of ZA12 alloy by fusion welding is carried out by the means of omhic-heating welding thermal simulation tester. The study results of the abrasion-resistance of simulation specimens HAZ by fusion welding process indicates that the abmsion-resistance is closely related to the form of eutectoid microstructure in or in the structure.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22179019)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(B2020501003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(N2023030)。
文摘Zinc-based flow batteries(ZFBs)have aroused great favor in large-scale energy storage due to the high security and low cost.However,the low areal capacity arising from the limited space for Zn plating hinders the further development.Herein,a novel carbon felt-Sn-carbon felt sandwich host(CSCH)is designed and constructed.Benefiting from the strong chemical absorption and the dehydration effect on Zn(H_(2)O)_(6)^(2+),the Sn activation layer in the CSCH demonstrates the lowest comprehensive resistance for Zn deposition.Thus,Zn is induced to nucleate preferentially on the Sn activation layer,and grows towards the membrane,regulating the spatial distribution of Zn electrochemical deposits,which remarkably improves the areal capacity and cyclic stability of Zn anode.Consequently,the zinc-bromine flow batteries equipped with CSCH electrodes can achieve the ultra-high areal capacity of 120 mA h cm^(-2)at 80 mA cm^(-2),and run stably for 140 h with average energy efficiency of 80.3%in the extreme condition(80 mA cm^(-2),80 mA h cm^(-2)).This innovative work will inspire future advanced designs for high areal capacity electrodes in ZFBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52201222 and 62174085)Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professors Program,and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(No.22KJB430008).
文摘The rapid evolution of flexible wearable electronics has spurred a growing demand for energy storage devices,characterized by low-cost manufacturing processes,high safety standards,exceptional electrochemical performance and robust mechanical properties.Among novel flexible devices,fiber-shaped batteries(FSBs)have emerged as prominent solutions exceptionally suited to future applications,owing to their unique one-dimensional(1D)architecture,remarkable flexibility,potential for miniaturization,adaptability to deformation and compatibility with the conventional textile industry.In the forefront research on fiber-shaped batteries,zincbased FSBs(ZFSBs)have garnered significant attentions,featured by the promising electrochemical properties of metallic Zn.This enthusiasm is driven by the impressive capacity of Zn(820 mAh·g^(-1))and its low redox potential(Zn/Zn^(2+):-0.76 V vs.standard hydrogen electrode).This review aims to consolidate recent achievements in the structural design,fabrication processes and electrode materials of flexible ZFSBs.Notably,we highlight three representative structural configurations:parallel type,twisted type and coaxial type.We also place special emphasis on electrode modifications and electrolyte selection.Furthermore,we delve into the promising development opportunities and anticipate future challenges associated with ZFSBs,emphasizing their potential roles in powering the next generation of wearable electronics.
基金financially supported by grants from the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(No.2023YFB3810100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32471366,12302406,82270535)+2 种基金Science and Technology Innovation Project of JinFeng LaboratoryChongqingChina(No.jfkyjf202203001)
文摘Additive manufacturing (AM) of zinc-based biodegradable materials is a hot research topic,especially for bone-scaffold applications,because of the moderate degradation rate,good biocompatibility,and suitable mechanical properties of these materials.Furthermore,AM enables the fabrication of complex internal structures suitable for implants.Literature on the AM of degradable zinc-based biomaterials from the Web of Science Core Collection was evaluated in this review.The bibliometric tool CiteSpace was used to analyze historical characteristics,evolving research topics,and emerging trends in this field.Our research results predict that the composition,processing techniques,in vitro biocompatibility,and manufacturing quality of biodegradable AM zinc-basedmaterials will continue to be hot topics in recent years.To address implant requirements,particularly for bone-repair materials,the mechanical properties of materials (including the resistance to degradation,creep,and aging),degradation rates,in-vivo biocompatibility,and specialized processing techniques that affect these properties (such as coating processes,heat treatments,material surface structures,and micros truc tural compositions) will become hot research topics in the future.We propose future research directions based on an in-depth analysis of four main topics of AM biodegradable zinc-based materials (manufacturing quality,material composition,unit configuration,and biocompatibility).The findings provide important guidance for future theoretical research and industrial development of AM zinc-based biomaterials.
基金financially supported by the Key Research and Development Project of Hunan Province in China(No.2023GK2028)the Major Basic Research Projects in Hunan Province(No.2024JC0005)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Regional Joint Fund Key Program(No.U24A20302)
文摘Zinc-based batteries(ZBBs)have garnered significant attention in the field of energy storage and conversion owing to their exceptional advantages,including high energy density,intrinsic environmental benignity,low material cost,as well as enhanced safety characteristics.Nevertheless,several critical challenges persist,predominantly the propensity for dendrite growth,inherent kinetic limitations,deleterious electrode side reactions,and perplexing shuttle effects,which collectively impede the practical implementation and commercial viability of ZBBs.In this context,fibers fabricated via electrospinning technology exhibit remarkable advantages in terms of enhanced specific surface area,improved electrical conductivity,and superior mechanical integrity,while also affording optimized pore structures.These unique features render electrospinning fibers particularly promising for addressing the key issues that limit ZBBs performance,including energy density,charge/discharge rate capabilities,and cycling stability.So,it is very necessary to summarize electrospinning technology application in ZBBs.This paper firstly analyzes the fundamental mechanisms and inherent challenges of ZBBs including zincion,zinc-air,and zinc-halide batteries.Subsequently,the application of electrospinning fiber structures in anodes,cathodes,separators,and electrolytes optimization for ZBBs is summarized.Finally,the prospect of electrospinning technology in ZBBs is envisioned,and existing challenges are presented for its further application.
基金supported by the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(22078313,21925804)+1 种基金Free exploring basic research project of Liaoning(2022JH6/100100005)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2019182)。
文摘Energy storage technologies have been identified as the key in constructing new electric power systems and achieving carbon neutrality,as they can absorb and smooth the renewables-generated electricity.Alkaline zinc-based flow batteries are well suitable for stationary energy storage applications,since they feature the advantages of high safety,high cell voltage and low cost.Currently,many alkaline zinc-based flow batteries have been proposed and developed,e.g.,the alkaline zinc–iron flow battery and alkaline zinc–nickel flow battery.Their development and application are closely related to advanced materials and battery configurations.In this perspective,we will first provide a brief introduction and discussion of alkaline zinc-based flow batteries.Then we focus on these batteries from the perspective of their current status,challenges and prospects.The bottlenecks for these batteries are briefly analyzed.Combined with the practical requirements and development trends of alkaline zinc-based flow battery technologies,their future development and research direction will be summarized.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(12032007,31971242,82270535)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of JinFeng Laboratory,Chongqing,China(jfkyjf202203001)。
文摘Objectives:To examine the 16-year developmental history,research hotspots,and emerging trends of zinc-based biodegradable metallic materials from the perspective of structural and temporal dynamics.Methods:The literature on zinc-based biodegradable metallic materials in WoSCC was searched.Historical characteristics,the evolution of active topics and development trends in the field of zinc-based biodegradable metallic materials were analyzed using the bibliometric tools CiteSpace and HistCite.Results:Over the past 16 years,the field of zinc-based biodegradable metal materials has remained in a hotspot stage,with extensive scientific collaboration.In addition,there are 45 subject categories and 51 keywords in different research periods,and 80 papers experience citation bursts.Keyword clustering anchored 3 emerging research subfields,namely,#1 plastic deformation#4 additive manufacturing#5 surface modification.The keyword alluvial map shows that the longest-lasting research concepts in the field are mechanical property,microstructure,corrosion behavior,etc.,and emerging keywords are additive manufacturing,surface modification,dynamic recrystallization,etc.The most recent research on reference clustering has six subfields.Namely,#0 microstructure,#2 sem,#3 additive manufacturing,#4 laser powder bed fusion,#5 implant,and#7 Zn-1Mg.Conclusion:The results of the bibliometric study provide the current status and trends of research on zinc-based biodegradable metallic materials,which can help researchers identify hot spots and explore new research directions in the field.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.21361010 and 22065014)the National Innovation Training Program(Grant No.202210407024)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Grant No.20171BAB206001)the Education Department of Jiangxi Province(Grant No.GJJ190433).
文摘Zinc-based flow battery is an energy storage technology with good application prospects because of its advantages of abundant raw materials,low cost,and environmental friendliness.The chemical stability of zinc electrodes exposed to electrolyte is a very important issue for zinc-based batteries.This paper reports on details of chemical stability of the zinc metal exposed to a series of solutions,as well as the relationship between the morphological evolution of zinc electrodes and their properties in an alkaline medium.Chemical corrosion of zinc electrodes by the electrolyte will change their surface morphology.However,we observed that chemical corrosion is not the main contributor to the evolution of zinc electrode surface morphology,but the main contributor is the Zn/Zn^(2+)electrode process.The morphological evolution of zinc electrodes was controlled by using ionic liquids,1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate(EMIA),and 1-propylsulfonic-3-methylimidazolium tosylate(PSMIT),and the electrode performance was recorded during the morphological evolution process.It was observed that the reversible change of zinc electrode morphology was accompanied by better electrode performance.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21935003,21908217 and 21908214)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1802050)+1 种基金CAS STS ProgramCAS Engineering Laboratory for Electrochemical Energy Storage。
文摘Aqueous zinc-based batteries(ZBBs)have great potential as commercial energy storage devices.However,the poor cycling stability of zinc anode under high areal capacity limits their further application.Herein,a coupled non-planar electrode design achieved by the tailored flat-top pyramid carbon felt(TCF)is proposed for ZBBs,which can effectively increase the zinc deposition sites,adjust the deposition morphology,optimize the current and electrolyte flow velocity distribution and provide necessary space for zinc plating.Interestingly,by utilizing "tip effect",the coupled TCFs enable precise control of the zinc dendrite growth position,effectively reducing the risk of short circuit.Based on such coupled TCFs,zinciodine flow batteries can deliver an ultra-high areal capacity of 240 m Ah cm^(-2) and a superb cycling stability over 300 cycles(areal capacity of 160 m Ah cm^(-2))at a high current density of 40 m A cm^(-2).Therefore,we provide an effective strategy for high areal capacity zinc anode design,which may promote the development of high energy density and long cycle life ZBBs.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 51931001,51631009,51431002,51871004]NSFC/RGC Joint Research Scheme[grant number 51661165014]Shanghai"Rising Stars of Medical Talent"Youth Development Program(Youth Medical Talents-Specialist Program).
文摘Background:Zinc-based biomaterials,including biodegradable metal,nanoparticles,and coatings used in medical implants release zinc ions that may increase the whole-body and serum zinc concentrations.The impact of serum zinc concentrations on major health outcomes can provide insights for device design and clinical transformation of zinc-based biomaterials.Methods:This nationally representative cross-sectional study enrolled participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES,2011-2014)including 3607 participants.Using unadjusted and multivariate-adjusted logistic regression analyses,two-piecewise linear regression model with a smoothing function and threshold level analysis,we evaluated the associations between elevated serum zinc levels and major health outcomes.Results:Elevated serum zinc levels were significantly associated with an increase in total spine and total femur bone mineral density(BMD).Every 10μg/dL increase was associated with a 1.12-fold increase in diabetes mellitus(DM)and 1.23-fold and 1.29-fold increase in cardiovascular diseases(CVD)and coronary heart disease(CHD),in participants with serum zinc levels≥100μg/dL.It had no significant linear or nonlinear associations with risk of fractures,congestive heart failure,heart attack,thyroid disease,arthritis,osteoarthritis,rheumatoid arthritis,dyslipidemia and cancer.Conclusion:Serum zinc levels are significantly associated with increased BMD in the total spine and total femur,and risk of DM,and CVD/CHD among participants with serum zinc levels≥100μg/dL.
文摘This study systematically investigated the microstructure,mechanical properties,and corrosion behavior of an extruded Zn-0.2Mg alloy processed by multi-directional forging(MDF)at 100℃.The mean grain size was remarkably decreased from 17.2±0.5µm to 1.9±0.3µm,and 84.4%of the microstructure was occupied by grains of below 1µm in size after applying three MDF passes.Electron backscattered difraction examinations revealed that continuous dynamic recrystallization,progressive lattice rotation,and particle-stimulated nucleation mechanisms were recognized as contributing to microstructural evolution.Furthermore,transmission electron microscopy results showed that nanoparticles of Mg/Zn dynamically formed under high strain MDF,while the initial extrusion fber texture was altered to be<0001>parallel to the fnal forging axis.A synergistic efect of grain refnement,texture evolution,second-phase precipitates,and dislocation strengthening resulted in an increased ultimate tensile strength of 232±5 MPa after three MDF passes.However,this was accompanied by a reduction in the elongation(8±2.1%).Additionally,a high corrosion rate of 0.59 mm/year was measured for the experimental alloy fabricated by 3 MDF passes.In agreement with the latter,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results indicated that the grain refnement improved the passivation kinetics of the oxide layer.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51871107, 52130101)Chang Jiang Scholar Program of China (Q2016064)+3 种基金the Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team (JLUSTIRT, 2017TD-09)the Natural Science Foundation of Jilin Province (20200201019JC)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in University of Jilin Province
文摘Metallic zinc(Zn)is one of the most attractive multivalent-metal anode materials in post-lithium batteries because of its high abundance,low cost and high theoretical capacity.However,it usually suffers from large voltage polarization,low Coulombic efficiency and high propensity for dendritic failure during Zn stripping/plating,hindering the practical application in aqueous rechargeable zinc-metal batteries(AR-ZMBs).Here we demonstrate that anionic surfactant-assisted in situ surface alloying of Cu and Zn remarkably improves Zn reversibility of 3D nanoporous Zn electrodes for potential use as high-performance AR-ZMB anode materials.As a result of the zincophilic ZnxCuy alloy shell guiding uniform Zn deposition with a zero nucleation overpotential and facilitating Zn stripping via the ZnxCuy/Zn galvanic couples,the self-supported nanoporous ZnxCuy/Zn electrodes exhibit superior dendrite-free Zn stripping/plating behaviors in ambient aqueous electrolyte,with ultralow polarizations under current densities up to 50 mA cm^(‒2),exceptional stability for 1900 h and high Zn utilization.This enables AR-ZMB full cells constructed with nanoporous ZnxCuy/Zn anode and K_(z)MnO_(2)cathode to achieve specific energy of as high as~430 Wh kg^(‒1)with~99.8%Coulombic efficiency,and retain~86%after long-term cycles for>700 h.
文摘The influence of different Al contents on the microstructure, hardness, tensile and wear behavior of Zn-based alloys was investigated in the present study. The test results show that alloy with 27% Al content shows the higher ultimate strength and elongation percent at room and elevated temperatures. It also exhibits the higher wear resistance at all loads in view of the higher tightness of Zn-27Al alloy. Increasing Al content from 33% to 48% results in improvement of ultimate strength and elongation percent at room and elevated temperatures. However, the ultimate strength and elongation percent of the ZA48 alloy are still lower than that of Zn-27Al alloys. The reason can be attributed to the increasing segregation and voids with increasing Al contents.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21875165, 21905207, 22172111, and 51772216)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, China (Nos. 22ZR1464100, 20ZR1460300, and 19DZ2271500)+1 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. LY19B010003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Zinc-ion hybrid capacitors(ZICs) are considered as newly-emerging and competitive candidates for energy storage devices due to the integration of characteristic capacitor-level power and complementary battery-level energy. The practical application of rising ZICs still faces the specific capacity and dynamics mismatch between the two electrodes with different energy storage mechanisms, which cannot meet the ever-growing indicator demand for portable electronic displays and public traffic facilities. Focusing on these unresolved issues, this mini-review presents recent advances in ZICs referring to the hybrid energy storage mechanism, design strategies of both capacitor-type and battery-type electrode materials, and electrolyte research toward advanced performances(e.g., high operational potential, wide adaptive temperature). Finally, current challenges and future outlook have been proposed to guide further exploration of next-generation ZICs with a combination of high-power delivery, high-energy output and high-quality service durability.
