While desalination is a key solution for global freshwater scarcity,its implementation faces environmental challenges due to concentrated brine byproducts mainly disposed of via coastal discharge systems.Solar interfa...While desalination is a key solution for global freshwater scarcity,its implementation faces environmental challenges due to concentrated brine byproducts mainly disposed of via coastal discharge systems.Solar interfacial evaporation offers sustainable management potential,yet inevitable salt nucleation at evaporation interfaces degrades photothermal conversion and operational stability via light scattering and pathway blockage.Inspired by the mangrove leaf,we propose a photothermal 3D polydopamine and polypyrrole polymerized spacer fabric(PPSF)-based upward hanging model evaporation configuration with a reverse water feeding mechanism.This design enables zero-liquiddischarge(ZLD)desalination through phase-separation crystallization.The interconnected porous architecture and the rough surface of the PPSF enable superior water transport,achieving excellent solar-absorbing efficiency of 97.8%.By adjusting the tilt angle(θ),the evaporator separates the evaporation and salt crystallization zones via controlled capillary-driven brine transport,minimizing heat dissipation from brine discharge.At an optimal tilt angle of 52°,the evaporator reaches an evaporation rate of 2.81 kg m^(−2) h^(−1) with minimal heat loss(0.366 W)under 1-sun illumination while treating a 7 wt%waste brine solution.Furthermore,it sustains an evaporation rate of 2.71 kg m^(−2) h^(−1) over 72 h while ensuring efficient salt recovery.These results highlight a scalable,energy-efficient approach for sustainable ZLD desalination.展开更多
Solar-driven interfacial evaporation has shown great potential for achieving desalination with high energy conversion efficiency.However,maintaining a high evaporation rate is challenging due to salt accumulation on s...Solar-driven interfacial evaporation has shown great potential for achieving desalination with high energy conversion efficiency.However,maintaining a high evaporation rate is challenging due to salt accumulation on solar evaporators(SEs),leading to a long-standing trade-off between stable evaporation and salt accumulation in conventional SEs.Inspired by the salt secretion and brine transport mechanisms in mangroves,we present a bio-inspired solar evaporator(BSE)featuring an external photothermal layer and an internal water supply channel.This design enables efficient and continuous evaporation from near-saturated brine using less photothermal material.The BSE exhibits high evaporation performance(3.98 kg m^(–2)h^(–1)for 25 wt% brine),effcient salt collection(1.27 kg m^(–2)h^(–1)for 25 wt% brine),long-term durability(7 d in 25 wt% brine),and zero liquid discharge desalination.Notably,the BSE achieves a record-high water production rate of 3.50 kg m^(–2)h^(–1)in outdoor tests.Furthermore,it can purify World Health Organization-standard freshwater from various types of contaminated water.Importantly,the universality of BSE design is validated by extending it to other solar desalination systems.This work demonstrates a universal SE design,providing key insights into the design of next-generation SEs for efficient and stable evaporation in continuous high-salinity brine desalination.展开更多
The sustainable treatment of hypersaline organic wastewater(HSOW)remains a significant challenge in industrial wastewater management,as conventional approaches often fail to meet stringent discharge standards and low-...The sustainable treatment of hypersaline organic wastewater(HSOW)remains a significant challenge in industrial wastewater management,as conventional approaches often fail to meet stringent discharge standards and low-carbon sustainability targets.Halotolerant and halophilic microbial strains offer promising solutions,yet their application is hindered by limited stress resistance,thus hindering effective treatment and achieving near-zero liquid discharge.In this review,we systematically examine endogenous strategies,such as microbial mutualism and genetic engineering,alongside exogenous ap-proaches,including functional materials,electrical and magnetic stimulation,and 3D bioprinting,to improve microbial resilience in hypersaline environments.Furthermore,we propose an integrated treatment framework that combines physicochemical and biochemical processes,leveraging biological detoxification and biological desalination to enhance the treatment of HSOW while minimizing envi-ronmental impact and carbon emissions.By advancing the understanding of microbial stress adaptation and optimization strategies,this review provides critical insights into the development of sustainable,low-carbon wastewater treatment solutions.展开更多
Synthetic microporous membranes are increasingly used for energy-efficient and controlled production of micro-and nanoparticles and micro-and nanoemulsions with tuneable morphology and physico-chemical properties thro...Synthetic microporous membranes are increasingly used for energy-efficient and controlled production of micro-and nanoparticles and micro-and nanoemulsions with tuneable morphology and physico-chemical properties through various micromixing,emulsification,and evaporation processes.In emul-sification processes,the membrane pores are used for dispersed phase injection and size-controlled generation of droplets and droplet-templated particles.In micromixing processes,membrane is utilised as a micromixer for mixing two miscible liquids,usually solvent and antisolvent-rich solutions,which leads to the creation of supersaturation and subsequent nanoprecipitation or crystallisation.In mem-brane evaporation processes,membrane is used to prevent phase dispersion while allowing efficient molecular diffusion of solvent and/or antisolvent vapour through gas-filled pores.Membrane dispersion processes can be operated continuously by decoupling shear stress on the membrane surface from cross flow using tube insets,flow pulsations,swirling flow,membrane oscillations or membrane rotations.Droplet generation and solidification can be performed continuously in a single pass by connecting membrane module with a downstream reactor.Membrane dispersion processes can be used for pro-duction of nanoparticles such as nanovesicles(liposomes,micelles,ethosomes,and niosomes),nanogels,polymeric,lipid and metallic nanoparticles,and nanocrystals.The main advantages of membrane-assisted particle generation are in low energy consumption,controlled geometry and hydrodynamic conditions at the microscale level,flexible throughput due to modular and scalable design of membrane devices,and a wide choice of available microporous membranes with various wall porosities,wetta-bilities,pore sizes,and pore morphologies to suit different applications.展开更多
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3804902,2022YFB3804900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52203226,52161145406,42376045)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2232024Y-01,2232025D-02).
文摘While desalination is a key solution for global freshwater scarcity,its implementation faces environmental challenges due to concentrated brine byproducts mainly disposed of via coastal discharge systems.Solar interfacial evaporation offers sustainable management potential,yet inevitable salt nucleation at evaporation interfaces degrades photothermal conversion and operational stability via light scattering and pathway blockage.Inspired by the mangrove leaf,we propose a photothermal 3D polydopamine and polypyrrole polymerized spacer fabric(PPSF)-based upward hanging model evaporation configuration with a reverse water feeding mechanism.This design enables zero-liquiddischarge(ZLD)desalination through phase-separation crystallization.The interconnected porous architecture and the rough surface of the PPSF enable superior water transport,achieving excellent solar-absorbing efficiency of 97.8%.By adjusting the tilt angle(θ),the evaporator separates the evaporation and salt crystallization zones via controlled capillary-driven brine transport,minimizing heat dissipation from brine discharge.At an optimal tilt angle of 52°,the evaporator reaches an evaporation rate of 2.81 kg m^(−2) h^(−1) with minimal heat loss(0.366 W)under 1-sun illumination while treating a 7 wt%waste brine solution.Furthermore,it sustains an evaporation rate of 2.71 kg m^(−2) h^(−1) over 72 h while ensuring efficient salt recovery.These results highlight a scalable,energy-efficient approach for sustainable ZLD desalination.
基金supported by Taishan Young Scholar Program(tsqn202306267)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51802168)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2023ME172 and ZR2024ME182)。
文摘Solar-driven interfacial evaporation has shown great potential for achieving desalination with high energy conversion efficiency.However,maintaining a high evaporation rate is challenging due to salt accumulation on solar evaporators(SEs),leading to a long-standing trade-off between stable evaporation and salt accumulation in conventional SEs.Inspired by the salt secretion and brine transport mechanisms in mangroves,we present a bio-inspired solar evaporator(BSE)featuring an external photothermal layer and an internal water supply channel.This design enables efficient and continuous evaporation from near-saturated brine using less photothermal material.The BSE exhibits high evaporation performance(3.98 kg m^(–2)h^(–1)for 25 wt% brine),effcient salt collection(1.27 kg m^(–2)h^(–1)for 25 wt% brine),long-term durability(7 d in 25 wt% brine),and zero liquid discharge desalination.Notably,the BSE achieves a record-high water production rate of 3.50 kg m^(–2)h^(–1)in outdoor tests.Furthermore,it can purify World Health Organization-standard freshwater from various types of contaminated water.Importantly,the universality of BSE design is validated by extending it to other solar desalination systems.This work demonstrates a universal SE design,providing key insights into the design of next-generation SEs for efficient and stable evaporation in continuous high-salinity brine desalination.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC3207100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant No.52321005)+2 种基金the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023B1515020077)the Shenzhen Overseas High-level Talents Research Startup Program(No.20210308346C)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.KQTD20190929172630447).
文摘The sustainable treatment of hypersaline organic wastewater(HSOW)remains a significant challenge in industrial wastewater management,as conventional approaches often fail to meet stringent discharge standards and low-carbon sustainability targets.Halotolerant and halophilic microbial strains offer promising solutions,yet their application is hindered by limited stress resistance,thus hindering effective treatment and achieving near-zero liquid discharge.In this review,we systematically examine endogenous strategies,such as microbial mutualism and genetic engineering,alongside exogenous ap-proaches,including functional materials,electrical and magnetic stimulation,and 3D bioprinting,to improve microbial resilience in hypersaline environments.Furthermore,we propose an integrated treatment framework that combines physicochemical and biochemical processes,leveraging biological detoxification and biological desalination to enhance the treatment of HSOW while minimizing envi-ronmental impact and carbon emissions.By advancing the understanding of microbial stress adaptation and optimization strategies,this review provides critical insights into the development of sustainable,low-carbon wastewater treatment solutions.
文摘Synthetic microporous membranes are increasingly used for energy-efficient and controlled production of micro-and nanoparticles and micro-and nanoemulsions with tuneable morphology and physico-chemical properties through various micromixing,emulsification,and evaporation processes.In emul-sification processes,the membrane pores are used for dispersed phase injection and size-controlled generation of droplets and droplet-templated particles.In micromixing processes,membrane is utilised as a micromixer for mixing two miscible liquids,usually solvent and antisolvent-rich solutions,which leads to the creation of supersaturation and subsequent nanoprecipitation or crystallisation.In mem-brane evaporation processes,membrane is used to prevent phase dispersion while allowing efficient molecular diffusion of solvent and/or antisolvent vapour through gas-filled pores.Membrane dispersion processes can be operated continuously by decoupling shear stress on the membrane surface from cross flow using tube insets,flow pulsations,swirling flow,membrane oscillations or membrane rotations.Droplet generation and solidification can be performed continuously in a single pass by connecting membrane module with a downstream reactor.Membrane dispersion processes can be used for pro-duction of nanoparticles such as nanovesicles(liposomes,micelles,ethosomes,and niosomes),nanogels,polymeric,lipid and metallic nanoparticles,and nanocrystals.The main advantages of membrane-assisted particle generation are in low energy consumption,controlled geometry and hydrodynamic conditions at the microscale level,flexible throughput due to modular and scalable design of membrane devices,and a wide choice of available microporous membranes with various wall porosities,wetta-bilities,pore sizes,and pore morphologies to suit different applications.
