The transient radial shearing interferometry technique based on fast Fourier transform(FFT)provides a means for the measurement of the wavefront phase of transient light field.However,which factors affect the spatial ...The transient radial shearing interferometry technique based on fast Fourier transform(FFT)provides a means for the measurement of the wavefront phase of transient light field.However,which factors affect the spatial bandwidth of the wavefront phase measurement of this technology and how to achieve high-precision measurement of the broad-band transient wavefront phase are problems that need to be studied further.To this end,a theoretical model of phase-retrieved bandwidth of radial shearing interferometry is established in this paper.The influence of the spatial carrier frequency and the calculation window on phase-retrieved bandwidth is analyzed,and the optimal carrier frequency and calculation window are obtained.On this basis,a broad-band transient radial shearing interference phase-retrieval method based on chirp Z transform(CZT)is proposed,and the corresponding algorithm is given.Through theoretical simulation,a known phase is used to generate the interferogram and it is retrieved by the traditional method and the proposed method respectively.The residual wavefront RMS of the traditional method is 0.146λ,and it is 0.037λfor the proposed method,which manifests an improvement of accuracy by an order of magnitude.At the same time,different levels of signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs)from 50 dB to 10 dB of the interferogram are simulated,and the RMS of the residual wavefront is from 0.040λto 0.066λ.In terms of experiments,an experimental verification device based on a phase-only spatial light modulator is built,and the known phase on the modulator is retrieved from the actual interferogram.The RMS of the residual wavefront retrieved through FFT is 0.112λ,and it decreases to 0.035λthrough CZT.The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.Furthermore,the method can be used in other types of spatial carrier frequency interference,such as lateral shearing interference,rotational shearing interference,flipping shearing interference,and four-wave shearing interference.展开更多
A new method of increasing the range measure preci- sion by Chirp- Z transform in the level Radar has been put up in this paper. The main assignment of this research is to accom- plish the FFT and Chirp- Z transform. ...A new method of increasing the range measure preci- sion by Chirp- Z transform in the level Radar has been put up in this paper. The main assignment of this research is to accom- plish the FFT and Chirp- Z transform. At the same time, the af- fection of the two range measure methods has been analyzed in this paper. This method can increase both the calculation effi- ciency and range measure precision remarkably by theory calcu- lating and digital emulation.展开更多
Present study emphasizes the applicability of linear theory concept onto hilly watersheds. For this purpose, Z-transform technique was used to derive the instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) from the transfer function ...Present study emphasizes the applicability of linear theory concept onto hilly watersheds. For this purpose, Z-transform technique was used to derive the instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) from the transfer function of autoregressive and moving average (ARMA) type linear difference equation. Parameters of the ARMA type rainfall-runoff process were estimated by least-squares method. The derived IUH from Z-transform (i.e. ARMA-IUH) has been used to compute the hydrologic response i.e. direct runoff hydrograph (DRH). Fur-ther, the superiority of the proposed approach has been tested by comparing the results through the results obtained from the Nash-IUH. Analyzing the results obtained from ARMA-IUH and Nash-IUH for the two hilly watersheds of North Western Himalayas shows the applicability of the linear theory concept even in turbulent flow conditions which are frequently encountered in hilly terrains under similar conditions of flow.展开更多
We introduce a general framework for the log-time sampling of continuous-time signals. We define the zeta transform based on the log-time sampling scheme, where the signal x(t)is sampled at time instants tn=Tlogn,n=1,...We introduce a general framework for the log-time sampling of continuous-time signals. We define the zeta transform based on the log-time sampling scheme, where the signal x(t)is sampled at time instants tn=Tlogn,n=1,2,....The zeta transform of the log-time sampled signals can be described by a linear combination of Riemann zeta function, which firmly joins the log-time sampling process to the number theory. The instantaneous sampling frequency of the log-sampled signal equals fn=n/T,n=1,2,..., i.e. it increases linearly with the sampling number. We describe the properties of the log-sampled signals and discuss several applications in nonuniform sampling schemes.展开更多
The linear multi-core pulse transformer is an important primary driving source used in pulsed power apparatus for the production of dense plasma owing to its compact, relatively low-cost and easy-to-handle characteris...The linear multi-core pulse transformer is an important primary driving source used in pulsed power apparatus for the production of dense plasma owing to its compact, relatively low-cost and easy-to-handle characteristics. The evaluation of the magnetic saturation of the transformer cores is essential to the transformer design, because the energy transfer efficiency of the transformer will degrade significantly after magnetic saturation. This work proposes analytical formulas of the criterion of magnetic saturation for the cores when the transformer drives practical loads. Furthermore, an electric circuit model based on a dependent source treatment for simulating the electric behavior of the cores related to their nonlinear magnetization is developed using the initial magnetization curve of the cores. The numerical simulation with the model is used to evaluate the validity of the criterion. Both the criterion and the model are found to be in agreement with the experimental data.展开更多
As a kind of formal specification language, Z has gained a position in the field of software development, but there is still no standard way of transforming Z specification into executable code that is promising in in...As a kind of formal specification language, Z has gained a position in the field of software development, but there is still no standard way of transforming Z specification into executable code that is promising in increasing the quality, reusability and maintainability of software.With the automatic programming model of software engineering, through the analysis for Z specification language, a feasible semi-automatic way of refinement and transformation is proposed, and the correctness of the procedure is also discussed.展开更多
为获得准确的间谐波信号的频率分布估计值,文章提出了基于插值线性调频Z变换(chirp Z transform,CZT)的间谐波分析方法。该方法通过CZT变换获得精确的等价于离散傅里叶变换结果的间谐波信号的频率分布估计值,利用基于Rife-Vincent Ⅲ窗...为获得准确的间谐波信号的频率分布估计值,文章提出了基于插值线性调频Z变换(chirp Z transform,CZT)的间谐波分析方法。该方法通过CZT变换获得精确的等价于离散傅里叶变换结果的间谐波信号的频率分布估计值,利用基于Rife-Vincent Ⅲ窗的双谱线插值修正公式修正上述估计结果,得到了较精确的各次谐波和间谐波参数。仿真结果验证了该方法的正确性和有效性,与现有方法的比较结果表明,相同采样频率下该方法的检测精度更高。展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61705254)the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2020GY-114).
文摘The transient radial shearing interferometry technique based on fast Fourier transform(FFT)provides a means for the measurement of the wavefront phase of transient light field.However,which factors affect the spatial bandwidth of the wavefront phase measurement of this technology and how to achieve high-precision measurement of the broad-band transient wavefront phase are problems that need to be studied further.To this end,a theoretical model of phase-retrieved bandwidth of radial shearing interferometry is established in this paper.The influence of the spatial carrier frequency and the calculation window on phase-retrieved bandwidth is analyzed,and the optimal carrier frequency and calculation window are obtained.On this basis,a broad-band transient radial shearing interference phase-retrieval method based on chirp Z transform(CZT)is proposed,and the corresponding algorithm is given.Through theoretical simulation,a known phase is used to generate the interferogram and it is retrieved by the traditional method and the proposed method respectively.The residual wavefront RMS of the traditional method is 0.146λ,and it is 0.037λfor the proposed method,which manifests an improvement of accuracy by an order of magnitude.At the same time,different levels of signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs)from 50 dB to 10 dB of the interferogram are simulated,and the RMS of the residual wavefront is from 0.040λto 0.066λ.In terms of experiments,an experimental verification device based on a phase-only spatial light modulator is built,and the known phase on the modulator is retrieved from the actual interferogram.The RMS of the residual wavefront retrieved through FFT is 0.112λ,and it decreases to 0.035λthrough CZT.The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the method proposed in this paper.Furthermore,the method can be used in other types of spatial carrier frequency interference,such as lateral shearing interference,rotational shearing interference,flipping shearing interference,and four-wave shearing interference.
文摘A new method of increasing the range measure preci- sion by Chirp- Z transform in the level Radar has been put up in this paper. The main assignment of this research is to accom- plish the FFT and Chirp- Z transform. At the same time, the af- fection of the two range measure methods has been analyzed in this paper. This method can increase both the calculation effi- ciency and range measure precision remarkably by theory calcu- lating and digital emulation.
文摘Present study emphasizes the applicability of linear theory concept onto hilly watersheds. For this purpose, Z-transform technique was used to derive the instantaneous unit hydrograph (IUH) from the transfer function of autoregressive and moving average (ARMA) type linear difference equation. Parameters of the ARMA type rainfall-runoff process were estimated by least-squares method. The derived IUH from Z-transform (i.e. ARMA-IUH) has been used to compute the hydrologic response i.e. direct runoff hydrograph (DRH). Fur-ther, the superiority of the proposed approach has been tested by comparing the results through the results obtained from the Nash-IUH. Analyzing the results obtained from ARMA-IUH and Nash-IUH for the two hilly watersheds of North Western Himalayas shows the applicability of the linear theory concept even in turbulent flow conditions which are frequently encountered in hilly terrains under similar conditions of flow.
文摘We introduce a general framework for the log-time sampling of continuous-time signals. We define the zeta transform based on the log-time sampling scheme, where the signal x(t)is sampled at time instants tn=Tlogn,n=1,2,....The zeta transform of the log-time sampled signals can be described by a linear combination of Riemann zeta function, which firmly joins the log-time sampling process to the number theory. The instantaneous sampling frequency of the log-sampled signal equals fn=n/T,n=1,2,..., i.e. it increases linearly with the sampling number. We describe the properties of the log-sampled signals and discuss several applications in nonuniform sampling schemes.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.10035020
文摘The linear multi-core pulse transformer is an important primary driving source used in pulsed power apparatus for the production of dense plasma owing to its compact, relatively low-cost and easy-to-handle characteristics. The evaluation of the magnetic saturation of the transformer cores is essential to the transformer design, because the energy transfer efficiency of the transformer will degrade significantly after magnetic saturation. This work proposes analytical formulas of the criterion of magnetic saturation for the cores when the transformer drives practical loads. Furthermore, an electric circuit model based on a dependent source treatment for simulating the electric behavior of the cores related to their nonlinear magnetization is developed using the initial magnetization curve of the cores. The numerical simulation with the model is used to evaluate the validity of the criterion. Both the criterion and the model are found to be in agreement with the experimental data.
文摘As a kind of formal specification language, Z has gained a position in the field of software development, but there is still no standard way of transforming Z specification into executable code that is promising in increasing the quality, reusability and maintainability of software.With the automatic programming model of software engineering, through the analysis for Z specification language, a feasible semi-automatic way of refinement and transformation is proposed, and the correctness of the procedure is also discussed.
文摘为获得准确的间谐波信号的频率分布估计值,文章提出了基于插值线性调频Z变换(chirp Z transform,CZT)的间谐波分析方法。该方法通过CZT变换获得精确的等价于离散傅里叶变换结果的间谐波信号的频率分布估计值,利用基于Rife-Vincent Ⅲ窗的双谱线插值修正公式修正上述估计结果,得到了较精确的各次谐波和间谐波参数。仿真结果验证了该方法的正确性和有效性,与现有方法的比较结果表明,相同采样频率下该方法的检测精度更高。
