For the first time in P. R. China, six locations were investigated regarding the impact of poloychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in contaminated sediments and soils in the...For the first time in P. R. China, six locations were investigated regarding the impact of poloychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in contaminated sediments and soils in the Ya-Er Lake area . Total concentrations of PCDDs from 70 to 1.6 ×105 ng/kg dw ,median 7.9×104 ng/kg dw and of PCDFs from 1.8 to 1.8 ×104ng/kg dw ,median 9.2 ×103 ng/kg dw were measured . The internaional toxic equivalents (I-TEQ) varied from 0.14 to 8.1×10 2 ng/kg dw,median 4.1×102 ng/kg dw The PCDDs pattern showed that the concentration of OCDD was significantly higher than that of the low chlorinated congeners . The results indicated that parts of Ya-Er Lake are heavily pollutad by there chiorinated compounds. Comparison of our results with the pattern of sediments showed significant differences . The asults are of special importance bocause the pollution that affected Ya-Er Lake may spread to agricultural land and the Changjiang River.展开更多
Bottom sediments of the North American Great Lakes are characterized by a high loading(over 3,000 tonnes)of polyhalogenated carbazoles(PHCZs).The origin of this environmental contaminant loading is unclear.Here,we fir...Bottom sediments of the North American Great Lakes are characterized by a high loading(over 3,000 tonnes)of polyhalogenated carbazoles(PHCZs).The origin of this environmental contaminant loading is unclear.Here,we first examined PHCZs levels and profiles in sediment,lotus,and fish fromthe Ya-Er Lake(China)that has been under the influence of an obsolete chlor-alkali facility for forty years and discovered substantial PHCZs contamination.Among the PHCZs determined,3,6-dichlorocarbazole(36-CCZ)and 3-chlorocarbazole(3-CCZ)were the most frequently detected.Sediments frombackfilled land exhibited ∑_(11)PHCZs at median concentration of 973 ng/g(dry weight),suggesting the chlor-alkali industry as an important source.Even after 20 years of dredging treatment,the concentration of ∑_(11)PHCZs in the sediment of the oxidation ponds(median=41.1 ng/g)remained substantially higher than in other areas globally.Furthermore,the concentration of ∑_(11)PHCZs was found to be higher in surface sediments(median)at 66.7 ng/g if compared to middle(14.1 ng/g)and lower layers(18.2 ng/g),indicating the potential availability of PHCZs from surface sediments to aquatic plants and animals.Notably,this study detected PHCZs in both fish(26.3 ng/g lipid weight)and lotus(14.5 ng/g dry weight),with significant enrichment of 3-monobromocarbazole(3-BCZ)observed in both lotus root systems(bio-soil accumulation factor,BSAF_(root)=5.04)and fish muscle(BSAF_(fish)=3.04).展开更多
This thesis focuses on the features of a list of synonymous words in Er Ya, namely, "daybreak", "sunrise", "dawn", "morn" and "morning", in their meanings and grammati...This thesis focuses on the features of a list of synonymous words in Er Ya, namely, "daybreak", "sunrise", "dawn", "morn" and "morning", in their meanings and grammatical usage. It holds that, for more meticulous analyses, greater importance should be attached to the lexical meaning in the research of ancient Chinese synonyms, and that due attention should be paid to the part of speech.展开更多
文摘For the first time in P. R. China, six locations were investigated regarding the impact of poloychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in contaminated sediments and soils in the Ya-Er Lake area . Total concentrations of PCDDs from 70 to 1.6 ×105 ng/kg dw ,median 7.9×104 ng/kg dw and of PCDFs from 1.8 to 1.8 ×104ng/kg dw ,median 9.2 ×103 ng/kg dw were measured . The internaional toxic equivalents (I-TEQ) varied from 0.14 to 8.1×10 2 ng/kg dw,median 4.1×102 ng/kg dw The PCDDs pattern showed that the concentration of OCDD was significantly higher than that of the low chlorinated congeners . The results indicated that parts of Ya-Er Lake are heavily pollutad by there chiorinated compounds. Comparison of our results with the pattern of sediments showed significant differences . The asults are of special importance bocause the pollution that affected Ya-Er Lake may spread to agricultural land and the Changjiang River.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0750400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22076201,21936007 and 22376204).
文摘Bottom sediments of the North American Great Lakes are characterized by a high loading(over 3,000 tonnes)of polyhalogenated carbazoles(PHCZs).The origin of this environmental contaminant loading is unclear.Here,we first examined PHCZs levels and profiles in sediment,lotus,and fish fromthe Ya-Er Lake(China)that has been under the influence of an obsolete chlor-alkali facility for forty years and discovered substantial PHCZs contamination.Among the PHCZs determined,3,6-dichlorocarbazole(36-CCZ)and 3-chlorocarbazole(3-CCZ)were the most frequently detected.Sediments frombackfilled land exhibited ∑_(11)PHCZs at median concentration of 973 ng/g(dry weight),suggesting the chlor-alkali industry as an important source.Even after 20 years of dredging treatment,the concentration of ∑_(11)PHCZs in the sediment of the oxidation ponds(median=41.1 ng/g)remained substantially higher than in other areas globally.Furthermore,the concentration of ∑_(11)PHCZs was found to be higher in surface sediments(median)at 66.7 ng/g if compared to middle(14.1 ng/g)and lower layers(18.2 ng/g),indicating the potential availability of PHCZs from surface sediments to aquatic plants and animals.Notably,this study detected PHCZs in both fish(26.3 ng/g lipid weight)and lotus(14.5 ng/g dry weight),with significant enrichment of 3-monobromocarbazole(3-BCZ)observed in both lotus root systems(bio-soil accumulation factor,BSAF_(root)=5.04)and fish muscle(BSAF_(fish)=3.04).
文摘This thesis focuses on the features of a list of synonymous words in Er Ya, namely, "daybreak", "sunrise", "dawn", "morn" and "morning", in their meanings and grammatical usage. It holds that, for more meticulous analyses, greater importance should be attached to the lexical meaning in the research of ancient Chinese synonyms, and that due attention should be paid to the part of speech.
