The objective of this work was to carry out a morphological characterization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of Xanthosoma sagittifolium L. Schott plants. The plant material used was the white and r...The objective of this work was to carry out a morphological characterization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of Xanthosoma sagittifolium L. Schott plants. The plant material used was the white and red cultivars of X. sagittifolium, belonging to age intervals of 3 - 6, 6 - 9, and 9 - 12 months. Three harvest sites were chosen in the Central Region of Cameroon. In each site, soil from the rhizosphere and plant roots was collected in a randomized manner. In the field, the agronomic parameters were evaluated. The physicochemical characteristics of the soils, the mycorrhization index, and the morphological characterization of the mycorrhizal types of each site were carried out. The results obtained show that the agronomic growth parameters varied significantly using the Student Newman and Keuls Test depending on the harvest sites. The soils’ pH in all sites was acidic and ranged between 4.6 and 5.8. The Nkometou site has a loamy texture while the Olembe and Soa sites have loam-clay-sandy and loam-clay textures respectively. The highest mycorrhization frequencies appeared at the Nkometou site, with 75 and 87.33% of the white and red cultivars plant roots at 6 - 9 and 3 - 6 months. The relative abundance of AMF arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores in the rhizosphere of X. sagittifolium plants varied with age and cultivar. There were 673 spores between 9 - 12 months in Nkometou in the red cultivar. Six AMF genera were identified in all the different soils collected: Acaulospora sp., Funneliformis sp., Gigaspora sp., Glomus sp., Scutellospora sp., and Septoglomus sp. The genus Glomus sp. was the most present at all age intervals in both cultivars.展开更多
This paper presents the kinetic and functional parametric behavior of cocoyam coagulant (CYC) in respect of pH and time variation in brewery effluent at room temperature. The study employed standard nephelometric jar ...This paper presents the kinetic and functional parametric behavior of cocoyam coagulant (CYC) in respect of pH and time variation in brewery effluent at room temperature. The study employed standard nephelometric jar test while CYC production was based on method reported by Ndabigengesere. Coag-flocculation parameter such as order of reaction α, rate constant K, coagulation period, τ1/2 etc. were determined. Maximum parameter values are recorded at K of 6 × 10-1 L/mg·min;dosage of 200 mg/L, pH 8 and τ1/2 of 0.00146 min while the minimum values are recorded at 3 × 10-7 L/mg, dosage of 100 mg/L, pH 10 and τ1/2 of 20.4 min. The maximum coag-flocculation efficiency E (%) obtained was 92.28, thus establishing CYC as a potential effective coag-flocculaant.展开更多
Three fungicide formulations, namely M1, M2 and M3, were prepared from sodium bicarbonate, citronella essential oil and sunflower slurry. The stability of M1, M2 and M3 formulations was determined based on pH, tempera...Three fungicide formulations, namely M1, M2 and M3, were prepared from sodium bicarbonate, citronella essential oil and sunflower slurry. The stability of M1, M2 and M3 formulations was determined based on pH, temperature, order of incorporation of the inputs and storage time. The most stable formulations were used for antagonistic tests on Pythium myriotylum. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was used for the greenhouse tests and the mode of action was determined in vitro. The study showed that the order of incorporation of the inputs “Essential Oil-Tween 80-Bicarbonate-Slurry” (EO-T80-B-S) promotes stability. M1 and M2 are stable at 4°C, 25°C, 37°C and 40°C temperatures and have a pH of 7 and 8 respectively. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of M1 and M2 is 1% on P. myriotylum. M1 and M2 act on Pythium by membrane lysis, inhibiting proton pumps and inhibiting protein synthesis. The formulations M1 and M2 reduce the incidence of root rot disease in cocoyam plants growth in the greenhouse. M1 and M2 are potential candidates for improvement of cocoyam seedlings production in Cameroon.展开更多
Objective:To examine the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities ofXanthosoma sagittifolium L. (X. sagittifolium) leaves. <br> Methods: The fresh leaves ofX. sagittifolium were extracted with methanol followe...Objective:To examine the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities ofXanthosoma sagittifolium L. (X. sagittifolium) leaves. <br> Methods: The fresh leaves ofX. sagittifolium were extracted with methanol followed by fractionation using ethyl acetate fraction (EAF),n-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction and aqueous fraction. The analgesic activity was determined by acetic acid-induced writhing test and tail immersion test using Swiss albino male mice. Carrageenan-induced paw edema test was used to resolve the anti-inflammatory activity using Wistar albino male rats. <br> Results: The results displayed that among these four samples,EAF had maximum analgesic efficacy (P < 0.001) measured by acetic acid-induced writhing test (71.37%). In case of tail immersion test,EAF also exerted maximum activity (5.03 s,P < 0.001) at 180 min compared ton-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction and aqueous fraction at maximum concentration. In case of anti-inflammatory test,EAF remained ascendancy in its activity (P < 0.001) and it inhibited 72.92% of paw edema at maximum concentration at 180 min with respect to remaining fractions. <br> Conclusions:The above evidences suggest thatEAF ofX. sagittifolium leaves is a potential source of natural compounds having analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.展开更多
Cocoyams (old-taro: Colocasia esculenta;newtannia: Xanthosoma sagittifolium) yield corms as root crops produced in regions of tropical and subtropical developing countries. In certain countries such as Ghana, there ar...Cocoyams (old-taro: Colocasia esculenta;newtannia: Xanthosoma sagittifolium) yield corms as root crops produced in regions of tropical and subtropical developing countries. In certain countries such as Ghana, there are surpluses in production but deficits in cereals. Cocoyams are used in a range of indigenous foods. Post harvest losses are high due to mechanical damage of corms during harvest and microbial attacks on such damaged corms during storage. Cocoyams contain, on average, 25% starch (wet weight basis) with A-type structures characterized by small granule size (<1.5 μm). Non-starch polysaccharides in cocoyams confer gummy properties to the starch. However, mechanical effects of raphides—crystals of calcium oxalate and other components—produce irritation when raw corm tissue is ingested resulting in several levels of discomfort. With appropriate processing, cocoyams could be a rich source of starch for food and industrial applications and corms have potential for new product development. Stabilizing cocoyam crops and adding value could greatly improve its utilization in cocoyam producing countries.展开更多
报道了浙江省一新记录种——宝石钩瓣叶蜂(Macrophya xanthosoma Wei,2005)。该新记录种隶属于膜翅目(Hymenoptera)叶蜂科(Tenthredinidae)密纹钩瓣叶蜂种团(Macrophya histrio group),在浙江省丽水市百山祖国家公园叶蜂区系调查中被发...报道了浙江省一新记录种——宝石钩瓣叶蜂(Macrophya xanthosoma Wei,2005)。该新记录种隶属于膜翅目(Hymenoptera)叶蜂科(Tenthredinidae)密纹钩瓣叶蜂种团(Macrophya histrio group),在浙江省丽水市百山祖国家公园叶蜂区系调查中被发现。提供了该新记录种雌性成虫描述、采集记录及主要鉴别特征。标本保存于华东药用植物园科研管理中心昆虫模式标本室。展开更多
Taro is an important crop species in C<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>te d’Ivoire. It is cultivated for its tubers and leaves. But its knowledge and genetic diversity and diff...Taro is an important crop species in C<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>te d’Ivoire. It is cultivated for its tubers and leaves. But its knowledge and genetic diversity and differentiation are very weakly documented. Several morphological types are found in rural area, but their identification is not very clear, and their agronomic potentiality is underexploited. In this context we initiated a survey and collected 213 accessions from 14 growing regions of C<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>te d’Ivoire. The diversity was evaluated based on seven qualitative traits of leaves (Shape of the base of the leaf, Predominant position (shape) of the leaf blade surface, Margin of the leaf blade, Leaf blade variegation, Profile of the petiolar junction, Shape of the leaf sheath, Shape of the appendix) during an experimentation conducted in rural area. The objective of this study was to characterize the collection of taros collected in different geographical zones of C<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>te d’Ivoire and identify the genera cultivated. Results of our study indicated that excepted margin of the leaf blade all traits are very discriminant. Several variants were observed for each of traits. According to observations and statistics analysis accessions were separated into two main groups. The characteristics of these groups indicate that taro cultivated in C<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>te d’Ivoire could belong to two genera: <em>Xanthosoma</em> and <em>Colocasia</em>.展开更多
Cancer continues to pose a substantial public health problem in Nigeria,characterized by rising rates of occurrence and mortality.While there is increasing interest in using natural products for cancer treatment,compr...Cancer continues to pose a substantial public health problem in Nigeria,characterized by rising rates of occurrence and mortality.While there is increasing interest in using natural products for cancer treatment,comprehensive data on the specific bioactive compounds in these plants and how they modulate different types of cancer are still lacking.Additionally,although traditional knowledge about these food plants is rich and valuable,it has not been fully integrated with modern scientific research to create standardized treatment protocols.Scientific databases like PubMed,ScienceDirect,Google Scholar,and ResearchGate were explored to retrieve empirical data.The key plants discussed are Spondias mombin,Xanthosoma sagittifolium,Elaeis guineensis,Irvingia gabonensis,Allium cepa,Blighia sapida,Dioscorea dumetorum,Psidium guajava,and Talinum triangulare.These plants demonstrate a wide range of anticancer properties,including the ability to induce apoptosis(cell death),halt the cell cycle,inhibit angiogenesis,and regulate inflammatory responses.They contain a variety of phytochemicals,such as flavonoids,tannins,terpenoids,alkaloids,and organosulfur compounds,which contribute to their anticancer effects.For example,Spondias mombin contains flavonoids that inhibit the formation of tumors,whereas Xanthosoma sagittifolium exhibits cytotoxic effects against leukemia cells.Additionally,Elaeis guineensis exhibits antioxidant properties that counteract oxidative stress,a crucial factor in cancer progression.This review highlights the significance of these plants in developing complementary cancer therapies that can be used alongside conventional treatments.By combining traditional knowledge with contemporary scientific methods,these medicinal plants have the potential to provide innovative approaches to cancer prevention and treatment,addressing the pressing demand for safer and more efficient therapeutic alternatives.展开更多
文摘The objective of this work was to carry out a morphological characterization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of Xanthosoma sagittifolium L. Schott plants. The plant material used was the white and red cultivars of X. sagittifolium, belonging to age intervals of 3 - 6, 6 - 9, and 9 - 12 months. Three harvest sites were chosen in the Central Region of Cameroon. In each site, soil from the rhizosphere and plant roots was collected in a randomized manner. In the field, the agronomic parameters were evaluated. The physicochemical characteristics of the soils, the mycorrhization index, and the morphological characterization of the mycorrhizal types of each site were carried out. The results obtained show that the agronomic growth parameters varied significantly using the Student Newman and Keuls Test depending on the harvest sites. The soils’ pH in all sites was acidic and ranged between 4.6 and 5.8. The Nkometou site has a loamy texture while the Olembe and Soa sites have loam-clay-sandy and loam-clay textures respectively. The highest mycorrhization frequencies appeared at the Nkometou site, with 75 and 87.33% of the white and red cultivars plant roots at 6 - 9 and 3 - 6 months. The relative abundance of AMF arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores in the rhizosphere of X. sagittifolium plants varied with age and cultivar. There were 673 spores between 9 - 12 months in Nkometou in the red cultivar. Six AMF genera were identified in all the different soils collected: Acaulospora sp., Funneliformis sp., Gigaspora sp., Glomus sp., Scutellospora sp., and Septoglomus sp. The genus Glomus sp. was the most present at all age intervals in both cultivars.
文摘This paper presents the kinetic and functional parametric behavior of cocoyam coagulant (CYC) in respect of pH and time variation in brewery effluent at room temperature. The study employed standard nephelometric jar test while CYC production was based on method reported by Ndabigengesere. Coag-flocculation parameter such as order of reaction α, rate constant K, coagulation period, τ1/2 etc. were determined. Maximum parameter values are recorded at K of 6 × 10-1 L/mg·min;dosage of 200 mg/L, pH 8 and τ1/2 of 0.00146 min while the minimum values are recorded at 3 × 10-7 L/mg, dosage of 100 mg/L, pH 10 and τ1/2 of 20.4 min. The maximum coag-flocculation efficiency E (%) obtained was 92.28, thus establishing CYC as a potential effective coag-flocculaant.
文摘Three fungicide formulations, namely M1, M2 and M3, were prepared from sodium bicarbonate, citronella essential oil and sunflower slurry. The stability of M1, M2 and M3 formulations was determined based on pH, temperature, order of incorporation of the inputs and storage time. The most stable formulations were used for antagonistic tests on Pythium myriotylum. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was used for the greenhouse tests and the mode of action was determined in vitro. The study showed that the order of incorporation of the inputs “Essential Oil-Tween 80-Bicarbonate-Slurry” (EO-T80-B-S) promotes stability. M1 and M2 are stable at 4°C, 25°C, 37°C and 40°C temperatures and have a pH of 7 and 8 respectively. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of M1 and M2 is 1% on P. myriotylum. M1 and M2 act on Pythium by membrane lysis, inhibiting proton pumps and inhibiting protein synthesis. The formulations M1 and M2 reduce the incidence of root rot disease in cocoyam plants growth in the greenhouse. M1 and M2 are potential candidates for improvement of cocoyam seedlings production in Cameroon.
文摘Objective:To examine the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities ofXanthosoma sagittifolium L. (X. sagittifolium) leaves. <br> Methods: The fresh leaves ofX. sagittifolium were extracted with methanol followed by fractionation using ethyl acetate fraction (EAF),n-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction and aqueous fraction. The analgesic activity was determined by acetic acid-induced writhing test and tail immersion test using Swiss albino male mice. Carrageenan-induced paw edema test was used to resolve the anti-inflammatory activity using Wistar albino male rats. <br> Results: The results displayed that among these four samples,EAF had maximum analgesic efficacy (P < 0.001) measured by acetic acid-induced writhing test (71.37%). In case of tail immersion test,EAF also exerted maximum activity (5.03 s,P < 0.001) at 180 min compared ton-hexane fraction, chloroform fraction and aqueous fraction at maximum concentration. In case of anti-inflammatory test,EAF remained ascendancy in its activity (P < 0.001) and it inhibited 72.92% of paw edema at maximum concentration at 180 min with respect to remaining fractions. <br> Conclusions:The above evidences suggest thatEAF ofX. sagittifolium leaves is a potential source of natural compounds having analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.
文摘Cocoyams (old-taro: Colocasia esculenta;newtannia: Xanthosoma sagittifolium) yield corms as root crops produced in regions of tropical and subtropical developing countries. In certain countries such as Ghana, there are surpluses in production but deficits in cereals. Cocoyams are used in a range of indigenous foods. Post harvest losses are high due to mechanical damage of corms during harvest and microbial attacks on such damaged corms during storage. Cocoyams contain, on average, 25% starch (wet weight basis) with A-type structures characterized by small granule size (<1.5 μm). Non-starch polysaccharides in cocoyams confer gummy properties to the starch. However, mechanical effects of raphides—crystals of calcium oxalate and other components—produce irritation when raw corm tissue is ingested resulting in several levels of discomfort. With appropriate processing, cocoyams could be a rich source of starch for food and industrial applications and corms have potential for new product development. Stabilizing cocoyam crops and adding value could greatly improve its utilization in cocoyam producing countries.
文摘报道了浙江省一新记录种——宝石钩瓣叶蜂(Macrophya xanthosoma Wei,2005)。该新记录种隶属于膜翅目(Hymenoptera)叶蜂科(Tenthredinidae)密纹钩瓣叶蜂种团(Macrophya histrio group),在浙江省丽水市百山祖国家公园叶蜂区系调查中被发现。提供了该新记录种雌性成虫描述、采集记录及主要鉴别特征。标本保存于华东药用植物园科研管理中心昆虫模式标本室。
文摘Taro is an important crop species in C<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>te d’Ivoire. It is cultivated for its tubers and leaves. But its knowledge and genetic diversity and differentiation are very weakly documented. Several morphological types are found in rural area, but their identification is not very clear, and their agronomic potentiality is underexploited. In this context we initiated a survey and collected 213 accessions from 14 growing regions of C<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>te d’Ivoire. The diversity was evaluated based on seven qualitative traits of leaves (Shape of the base of the leaf, Predominant position (shape) of the leaf blade surface, Margin of the leaf blade, Leaf blade variegation, Profile of the petiolar junction, Shape of the leaf sheath, Shape of the appendix) during an experimentation conducted in rural area. The objective of this study was to characterize the collection of taros collected in different geographical zones of C<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>te d’Ivoire and identify the genera cultivated. Results of our study indicated that excepted margin of the leaf blade all traits are very discriminant. Several variants were observed for each of traits. According to observations and statistics analysis accessions were separated into two main groups. The characteristics of these groups indicate that taro cultivated in C<span style="white-space:nowrap;">ô</span>te d’Ivoire could belong to two genera: <em>Xanthosoma</em> and <em>Colocasia</em>.
文摘Cancer continues to pose a substantial public health problem in Nigeria,characterized by rising rates of occurrence and mortality.While there is increasing interest in using natural products for cancer treatment,comprehensive data on the specific bioactive compounds in these plants and how they modulate different types of cancer are still lacking.Additionally,although traditional knowledge about these food plants is rich and valuable,it has not been fully integrated with modern scientific research to create standardized treatment protocols.Scientific databases like PubMed,ScienceDirect,Google Scholar,and ResearchGate were explored to retrieve empirical data.The key plants discussed are Spondias mombin,Xanthosoma sagittifolium,Elaeis guineensis,Irvingia gabonensis,Allium cepa,Blighia sapida,Dioscorea dumetorum,Psidium guajava,and Talinum triangulare.These plants demonstrate a wide range of anticancer properties,including the ability to induce apoptosis(cell death),halt the cell cycle,inhibit angiogenesis,and regulate inflammatory responses.They contain a variety of phytochemicals,such as flavonoids,tannins,terpenoids,alkaloids,and organosulfur compounds,which contribute to their anticancer effects.For example,Spondias mombin contains flavonoids that inhibit the formation of tumors,whereas Xanthosoma sagittifolium exhibits cytotoxic effects against leukemia cells.Additionally,Elaeis guineensis exhibits antioxidant properties that counteract oxidative stress,a crucial factor in cancer progression.This review highlights the significance of these plants in developing complementary cancer therapies that can be used alongside conventional treatments.By combining traditional knowledge with contemporary scientific methods,these medicinal plants have the potential to provide innovative approaches to cancer prevention and treatment,addressing the pressing demand for safer and more efficient therapeutic alternatives.
