基于人眼视觉感知特性,提出了一种新型的边缘检测和XOR编码相结合的图像自适应隐写算法。通过设计基于灰狼优化(grey wolf optimization,GWO)算法的边缘检测,根据秘密信息的大小自适应地调整边缘检测阈值,利用粒子群优化(particle swarm...基于人眼视觉感知特性,提出了一种新型的边缘检测和XOR编码相结合的图像自适应隐写算法。通过设计基于灰狼优化(grey wolf optimization,GWO)算法的边缘检测,根据秘密信息的大小自适应地调整边缘检测阈值,利用粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization,PSO)算法优化边缘和非边缘像素的嵌入位数,结合XOR编码实现对混沌加密后的秘密信息的嵌入。实验结果表明,该隐写算法比现有文献算法具有更大的隐写容量,能较好地保持载密图像的不可感知性,并已通过像素差值直方图(pixel difference histogram,PDH)安全性分析。展开更多
Quantum-dot cellular automaton (QCA) is an emerging, promising, future generation nanoelectronic computational architecture that encodes binary information as electronic charge configuration of a cell. It is a digital...Quantum-dot cellular automaton (QCA) is an emerging, promising, future generation nanoelectronic computational architecture that encodes binary information as electronic charge configuration of a cell. It is a digital logic architecture that uses single electrons in arrays of quantum dots to perform binary operations. Fundamental unit in building of QCA circuits is a QCA cell. A QCA cell is an elementary building block which can be used to build basic gates and logic devices in QCA architectures. This paper evaluates the performance of various implementations of QCA based XOR gates and proposes various novel layouts with better performance parameters. We presented the various QCA circuit design methodology for XOR gate. These layouts show less number of crossovers and lesser cell count as compared to the conventional layouts already present in the literature. These design topologies have special functions in communication based circuit applications. They are particularly useful in phase detectors in digital circuits, arithmetic operations and error detection & correction circuits. The comparison of various circuit designs is also given. The proposed designs can be effectively used to realize more complex circuits. The simulations in the present work have been carried out using QCADesigner tool.展开更多
文摘Quantum-dot cellular automaton (QCA) is an emerging, promising, future generation nanoelectronic computational architecture that encodes binary information as electronic charge configuration of a cell. It is a digital logic architecture that uses single electrons in arrays of quantum dots to perform binary operations. Fundamental unit in building of QCA circuits is a QCA cell. A QCA cell is an elementary building block which can be used to build basic gates and logic devices in QCA architectures. This paper evaluates the performance of various implementations of QCA based XOR gates and proposes various novel layouts with better performance parameters. We presented the various QCA circuit design methodology for XOR gate. These layouts show less number of crossovers and lesser cell count as compared to the conventional layouts already present in the literature. These design topologies have special functions in communication based circuit applications. They are particularly useful in phase detectors in digital circuits, arithmetic operations and error detection & correction circuits. The comparison of various circuit designs is also given. The proposed designs can be effectively used to realize more complex circuits. The simulations in the present work have been carried out using QCADesigner tool.
