xiaojie(小姐， miss) is a popular form of address in contemporary Chinese; generally speaking, it is defined as a title for ―unmarried girl. This form has multiple connotations,. Given recent changes in society, some...xiaojie(小姐， miss) is a popular form of address in contemporary Chinese; generally speaking, it is defined as a title for ―unmarried girl. This form has multiple connotations,. Given recent changes in society, some think that, xiaojie (小姐） will become a widely-used form of address, while others think that young females will come to consider the title repulsive. None can have the final say, this is because the synchronic language differences are not only the result of the synchronic change but also possibly its sign. Since synchronic differences could not only be a result of diachronic change but also could herald further change, it is not clear what direction xiaojie (小姐） will take. In the language conflicts, When two language varieties conflict, the more common variety usually influences the less common. A field investigation in large cities throughout China thus allows us not only to draw A Distributional Map of Pragmatic Features of the Title xiaojie(小姐) ,but also enables us to see its diachronic possibilities.展开更多
Background Moderate to severe breast pain has major effects on the quality of life for patients.Patent Chinese medicines are widely used in the treatment of breast pain due to their stable dosage form and good efficac...Background Moderate to severe breast pain has major effects on the quality of life for patients.Patent Chinese medicines are widely used in the treatment of breast pain due to their stable dosage form and good efficacy.Objective To evaluate the beneficial effects and safety of Hongjin Xiaojie Capsule(HJXJC),a Chinese patent medicine,for the treatment of cyclical breast pain.Design,setting,participants and intervention This is a multicenter,single-blind randomized controlled trial conducted in 3 medical centers in China from 2019 to 2021.Patients with moderate to severe cyclic breast pain were randomly divided into the intervention group(who took HJXJC,four capsules per dose,three times a day for 12 weeks)and the control group(waiting for the treatment)in a 1:1 ratio.Main outcome measures The primary outcome was pain duration,and the patients recorded measurements at baseline and at the end of weeks 4,8,12 and 16 on a patient log card.Results The full analysis set(FAS)population included 298 participants(intervention group,n=150;control group,n=148),while the per-protocol analysis set(PPS)included 274 participants.After 12 weeks,the duration of breast pain was significantly shorter in the intervention group(FAS:mean difference,–6.69;95%CI,–7.58 to–5.80;P<0.01,vs control.PPS:mean difference,–7.09;95%CI,–8.01 to–6.16;P<0.01,vs control).The Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire(SF-MPQ)scores were significantly lower in the intervention group(FAS:mean difference,–12.55;95%CI,–13.90 to–11.21;P<0.01,vs control.PPS:mean difference,–13.07;95%CI,–14.48 to–11.66;P<0.01,vs control).The above indicators continued to be significantly different through week 16.Moreover,in the intervention group,breast lumps shrank after 12 weeks and the size of breast lumps was statistically smaller than that in the control group(P<0.05),whereas the sizes of breast nodules and uterine fibroid showed no statistically significant difference compared with the control group(P>0.05).At weeks 8 and 12,the dysmenorrhea scores in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).No obvious adverse reactions were observed in any group.Conclusion HJXJC can significantly shorten the duration of breast pain,reduce breast pain,reduce the size of breast lumps,and relieve dysmenorrhea.However,it has no significant effect on the size of breast nodules or uterine fibroid.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of the decoction of Fuzheng Jiedu Xiaoji formula(扶正解毒消积方,FJXF)plus chemoembolization(TACE)on primary liver cancer(PLC)in patients,and study the underlying mechanism.METHODS:P...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of the decoction of Fuzheng Jiedu Xiaoji formula(扶正解毒消积方,FJXF)plus chemoembolization(TACE)on primary liver cancer(PLC)in patients,and study the underlying mechanism.METHODS:Patients with PLC who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into case group and control group.The case group was treated with FJXF combined with TACE.The control group was treated with TACE alone.The short-term clinical effect was evaluated;liver biochemistry,liver function index and multidrug resistance-associated indicators were detected.RESULTS:FJXF combined with TACE in the case group significantly increased the disease control rate than TACE alone in the control group(83.3%vs 61.1%).There was a reduction in the serum alpha-fetoprotein at 8 weeks after treatment in each group,while no difference between the two groups.The same trend can be observed for transaminase and direct bilirubin in both groups.In the case group,it showed a significant increase for albumin at 8 weeks after treatment,while no change in the control group.Multidrug resistanceassociated indicators for multidrug resistance protein 1 and p-glycoprotein were upregulated in the case group but remained stable in the control group.CONCLUSIONS:FJXF combined TACE had a better short-term effect than TACE alone in patients with PLC.The potential mechanism was probably associated with alleviated multidrug resistance induced by FJXF.Additionally,FJXF didn’t increase the risk of liver damage in the combined therapy.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate whether adding Fuzheng Jiedu Xiaoji(FZJDXJ) therapy improves survival in advanced hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HBV-HCC) patients. Methods: This prospective, randomized cont...Objective: To evaluate whether adding Fuzheng Jiedu Xiaoji(FZJDXJ) therapy improves survival in advanced hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HBV-HCC) patients. Methods: This prospective, randomized controlled study was performed at a major academic medical center in Beijing, China from October 2020 to October 2022. Eligible patients with advanced HBV-HCC were randomly divided equally(1:1) to receive either the combination of FZJDXJ and conventional Western medical therapy(63 cases, FZJDXJ group) or solely Western medicine(66 cases, control group). The study endpoints consisted of overall survival(OS) as the primary outcome, with progression-free survival(PFS), disease control rate(DCR), and adverse events(AEs) as secondary measures. Results: The median OS was significantly prolonged in the FZJDXJ group at 8.9 months(95% CI: 6.0–11.9) vs. 4.4 months(95% CI: 3.2–7.3) in the control group(P<0.05). The hazard ratio for mortality in the FZJDXJ group was 0.59(95% CI: 0.40–0.89), suggesting a 41% lower risk of death compared to the control group. The results revealed that patients receiving FZJDXJ therapy achieved a PFS of 5.1 months(95% CI: 4.1 to 7.2 months), compared to only 2.9 months(95% CI: 2.0 to 4.6 months) in the control group(P<0.05). Additionally, DCR was significantly elevated in the FZJDXJ group(20.6%) compared to the control group(10.6%, P<0.05). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that FZJDXJ significantly improved OS in patients with alpha-fetoprotein levels <400 ng/m L, age <60 years, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC) stage C, and compensated liver function(Child-Pugh A and B, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that FZJDXJ therapy acted as an independent factor protecting against mortality within 1 year. Gastrointestinal symptoms are rare side effects, and no fatalities associated with the treatment were reported. Conclusion: This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that FZJDXJ combined Western conventional therapy significantly improves OS and PFS in patients with advanced HBV-HCC.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the inhibitive effect and the underlying mechanism of Xiaoji Decoction （消极饮 XJD） in human lung cancer A549 cells. Methods： A549 cells in logarithmic proliferation were cultivated in RP...Objective： To investigate the inhibitive effect and the underlying mechanism of Xiaoji Decoction （消极饮 XJD） in human lung cancer A549 cells. Methods： A549 cells in logarithmic proliferation were cultivated in RPMI-1640 containing 10% low, medium or high dosages of XJD serum. The inhibitive effect of XJD in A549 cell proliferation was assessed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. The pro-apoptotic effect of XJD in A549 cells was observed by fluorescence microscope via Hoechst 33258 staining. The role of the Akt signaling pathway was observed by examining the presence of p-Akt protein by Western blot and the mRNA expression of downstream proteins such as Bcl-2/BcI-XL-associated death promoter （BAD） and caspase-9 by real time polymerase chain reaction. Results： MTT assay revealed that XJD could inhibit A549 proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Hoechst 33258 staining showed that XJD induced the typical nuclear apoptotic morphology after XJD treatment. Moreover, XJD could reduce the phosphorylation of Akt and increase the mRNA expression of BAD and caspase-9. Conclusions： XJD can inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner through signaling Akt pathway via up-regulating the expression of BAD and caspase-9. XJD may provide a novel therapeutic model for lung cancer and deserve further study.展开更多
文摘xiaojie(小姐， miss) is a popular form of address in contemporary Chinese; generally speaking, it is defined as a title for ―unmarried girl. This form has multiple connotations,. Given recent changes in society, some think that, xiaojie (小姐） will become a widely-used form of address, while others think that young females will come to consider the title repulsive. None can have the final say, this is because the synchronic language differences are not only the result of the synchronic change but also possibly its sign. Since synchronic differences could not only be a result of diachronic change but also could herald further change, it is not clear what direction xiaojie (小姐） will take. In the language conflicts, When two language varieties conflict, the more common variety usually influences the less common. A field investigation in large cities throughout China thus allows us not only to draw A Distributional Map of Pragmatic Features of the Title xiaojie(小姐) ,but also enables us to see its diachronic possibilities.
基金funded by The Standardized Project on Guidelines for the Clinical Application of Proprietary Chinese Medicines for the Treatment of Advantageous Disease Species(No.SATCM-2015-BZ402).
文摘Background Moderate to severe breast pain has major effects on the quality of life for patients.Patent Chinese medicines are widely used in the treatment of breast pain due to their stable dosage form and good efficacy.Objective To evaluate the beneficial effects and safety of Hongjin Xiaojie Capsule(HJXJC),a Chinese patent medicine,for the treatment of cyclical breast pain.Design,setting,participants and intervention This is a multicenter,single-blind randomized controlled trial conducted in 3 medical centers in China from 2019 to 2021.Patients with moderate to severe cyclic breast pain were randomly divided into the intervention group(who took HJXJC,four capsules per dose,three times a day for 12 weeks)and the control group(waiting for the treatment)in a 1:1 ratio.Main outcome measures The primary outcome was pain duration,and the patients recorded measurements at baseline and at the end of weeks 4,8,12 and 16 on a patient log card.Results The full analysis set(FAS)population included 298 participants(intervention group,n=150;control group,n=148),while the per-protocol analysis set(PPS)included 274 participants.After 12 weeks,the duration of breast pain was significantly shorter in the intervention group(FAS:mean difference,–6.69;95%CI,–7.58 to–5.80;P<0.01,vs control.PPS:mean difference,–7.09;95%CI,–8.01 to–6.16;P<0.01,vs control).The Short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire(SF-MPQ)scores were significantly lower in the intervention group(FAS:mean difference,–12.55;95%CI,–13.90 to–11.21;P<0.01,vs control.PPS:mean difference,–13.07;95%CI,–14.48 to–11.66;P<0.01,vs control).The above indicators continued to be significantly different through week 16.Moreover,in the intervention group,breast lumps shrank after 12 weeks and the size of breast lumps was statistically smaller than that in the control group(P<0.05),whereas the sizes of breast nodules and uterine fibroid showed no statistically significant difference compared with the control group(P>0.05).At weeks 8 and 12,the dysmenorrhea scores in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).No obvious adverse reactions were observed in any group.Conclusion HJXJC can significantly shorten the duration of breast pain,reduce breast pain,reduce the size of breast lumps,and relieve dysmenorrhea.However,it has no significant effect on the size of breast nodules or uterine fibroid.
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals Incubating Program(No.pz2017029)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of the decoction of Fuzheng Jiedu Xiaoji formula(扶正解毒消积方,FJXF)plus chemoembolization(TACE)on primary liver cancer(PLC)in patients,and study the underlying mechanism.METHODS:Patients with PLC who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into case group and control group.The case group was treated with FJXF combined with TACE.The control group was treated with TACE alone.The short-term clinical effect was evaluated;liver biochemistry,liver function index and multidrug resistance-associated indicators were detected.RESULTS:FJXF combined with TACE in the case group significantly increased the disease control rate than TACE alone in the control group(83.3%vs 61.1%).There was a reduction in the serum alpha-fetoprotein at 8 weeks after treatment in each group,while no difference between the two groups.The same trend can be observed for transaminase and direct bilirubin in both groups.In the case group,it showed a significant increase for albumin at 8 weeks after treatment,while no change in the control group.Multidrug resistanceassociated indicators for multidrug resistance protein 1 and p-glycoprotein were upregulated in the case group but remained stable in the control group.CONCLUSIONS:FJXF combined TACE had a better short-term effect than TACE alone in patients with PLC.The potential mechanism was probably associated with alleviated multidrug resistance induced by FJXF.Additionally,FJXF didn’t increase the risk of liver damage in the combined therapy.
基金Supported by the High-Level Chinese Medicine Key Discipline Construction Project(No.zyyzdxk-2023005)Capital Health Development Research Project(No.2024-1-2173)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82474426,82474419 and 82204848)。
文摘Objective: To evaluate whether adding Fuzheng Jiedu Xiaoji(FZJDXJ) therapy improves survival in advanced hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HBV-HCC) patients. Methods: This prospective, randomized controlled study was performed at a major academic medical center in Beijing, China from October 2020 to October 2022. Eligible patients with advanced HBV-HCC were randomly divided equally(1:1) to receive either the combination of FZJDXJ and conventional Western medical therapy(63 cases, FZJDXJ group) or solely Western medicine(66 cases, control group). The study endpoints consisted of overall survival(OS) as the primary outcome, with progression-free survival(PFS), disease control rate(DCR), and adverse events(AEs) as secondary measures. Results: The median OS was significantly prolonged in the FZJDXJ group at 8.9 months(95% CI: 6.0–11.9) vs. 4.4 months(95% CI: 3.2–7.3) in the control group(P<0.05). The hazard ratio for mortality in the FZJDXJ group was 0.59(95% CI: 0.40–0.89), suggesting a 41% lower risk of death compared to the control group. The results revealed that patients receiving FZJDXJ therapy achieved a PFS of 5.1 months(95% CI: 4.1 to 7.2 months), compared to only 2.9 months(95% CI: 2.0 to 4.6 months) in the control group(P<0.05). Additionally, DCR was significantly elevated in the FZJDXJ group(20.6%) compared to the control group(10.6%, P<0.05). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that FZJDXJ significantly improved OS in patients with alpha-fetoprotein levels <400 ng/m L, age <60 years, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC) stage C, and compensated liver function(Child-Pugh A and B, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that FZJDXJ therapy acted as an independent factor protecting against mortality within 1 year. Gastrointestinal symptoms are rare side effects, and no fatalities associated with the treatment were reported. Conclusion: This randomized controlled trial demonstrated that FZJDXJ combined Western conventional therapy significantly improves OS and PFS in patients with advanced HBV-HCC.
基金Supported by Canadian Terry Fox Run Foundation for Cancer Research
文摘Objective： To investigate the inhibitive effect and the underlying mechanism of Xiaoji Decoction （消极饮 XJD） in human lung cancer A549 cells. Methods： A549 cells in logarithmic proliferation were cultivated in RPMI-1640 containing 10% low, medium or high dosages of XJD serum. The inhibitive effect of XJD in A549 cell proliferation was assessed by methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay. The pro-apoptotic effect of XJD in A549 cells was observed by fluorescence microscope via Hoechst 33258 staining. The role of the Akt signaling pathway was observed by examining the presence of p-Akt protein by Western blot and the mRNA expression of downstream proteins such as Bcl-2/BcI-XL-associated death promoter （BAD） and caspase-9 by real time polymerase chain reaction. Results： MTT assay revealed that XJD could inhibit A549 proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Hoechst 33258 staining showed that XJD induced the typical nuclear apoptotic morphology after XJD treatment. Moreover, XJD could reduce the phosphorylation of Akt and increase the mRNA expression of BAD and caspase-9. Conclusions： XJD can inhibit the proliferation of A549 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner through signaling Akt pathway via up-regulating the expression of BAD and caspase-9. XJD may provide a novel therapeutic model for lung cancer and deserve further study.
