现代汉语中“雪白、稀烂、稀糟”等状态词在词法上包括状中式复合词和附加前缀的派生词,“稀”这样的成分属于表增量的评价性前缀。经历时考察发现,XA式状态词经历了如下演变过程:如/若/似+XP+A(比拟结构)/Ad+A(状中短语)/A 1 A 2(并列...现代汉语中“雪白、稀烂、稀糟”等状态词在词法上包括状中式复合词和附加前缀的派生词,“稀”这样的成分属于表增量的评价性前缀。经历时考察发现,XA式状态词经历了如下演变过程:如/若/似+XP+A(比拟结构)/Ad+A(状中短语)/A 1 A 2(并列式复合词)→XA式复合词→xA式派生词。XA式复合词的形成是词汇化的过程,具体的复合词有不同的词汇化来源。xA式派生词是词法化的结果,增量前缀是复合词的构成成分经类推扩展而来。XA式复合词在明清时期出现了一系列词法变化形式,在现代汉语中出现了主观义磨损的趋势,这些变化均可以通过评价性形态的演变规律得到解释。展开更多
Bacterial leaf blight(BLB)is a devastating disease of rice with the potential to reduce yield by up to 70%.In this study,we investigated the genetic foundation of Xa21-mediated resistance to BLB infection in seven dif...Bacterial leaf blight(BLB)is a devastating disease of rice with the potential to reduce yield by up to 70%.In this study,we investigated the genetic foundation of Xa21-mediated resistance to BLB infection in seven different rice varieties from Myanmar.The varieties exhibited a variable phenotypic response at 14 d after infection(DAI)by Xoo strains K1 and K3a,among which,the variety Kayin Ma was classified as a moderately resistant(MR)variety,expressing Xa2,Xa4,xa5,xa13,and Xa21 genes.展开更多
Small-molecule drugs are essential for maintaining human health. The objective of this study is to identify a molecule that can inhibit the Factor Xa protein and be easily procured. An optimization-based de novo drug ...Small-molecule drugs are essential for maintaining human health. The objective of this study is to identify a molecule that can inhibit the Factor Xa protein and be easily procured. An optimization-based de novo drug design framework, Drug CAMD, that integrates a deep learning model with a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is used for designing drug candidates. Within this framework, a virtual chemical library is specifically tailored to inhibit Factor Xa. To further filter and narrow down the lead compounds from the designed compounds, comprehensive approaches involving molecular docking,binding pose metadynamics(BPMD), binding free energy calculations, and enzyme activity inhibition analysis are utilized. To maximize efficiency in terms of time and resources, molecules for in vitro activity testing are initially selected from commercially available portions of customized virtual chemical libraries. In vitro studies assessing inhibitor activities have confirmed that the compound EN300-331859shows potential Factor Xa inhibition, with an IC_(50)value of 34.57 μmol·L^(-1). Through in silico molecular docking and BPMD, the most plausible binding pose for the EN300-331859-Factor Xa complex are identified. The estimated binding free energy values correlate well with the results obtained from biological assays. Consequently, EN300-331859 is identified as a novel and effective sub-micromolar inhibitor of Factor Xa.展开更多
文摘现代汉语中“雪白、稀烂、稀糟”等状态词在词法上包括状中式复合词和附加前缀的派生词,“稀”这样的成分属于表增量的评价性前缀。经历时考察发现,XA式状态词经历了如下演变过程:如/若/似+XP+A(比拟结构)/Ad+A(状中短语)/A 1 A 2(并列式复合词)→XA式复合词→xA式派生词。XA式复合词的形成是词汇化的过程,具体的复合词有不同的词汇化来源。xA式派生词是词法化的结果,增量前缀是复合词的构成成分经类推扩展而来。XA式复合词在明清时期出现了一系列词法变化形式,在现代汉语中出现了主观义磨损的趋势,这些变化均可以通过评价性形态的演变规律得到解释。
基金funded by the Basic Science Research Program of the Ministry of Education’s National Research Foundation of Korea (Grant No.RS-2023-00245922)。
文摘Bacterial leaf blight(BLB)is a devastating disease of rice with the potential to reduce yield by up to 70%.In this study,we investigated the genetic foundation of Xa21-mediated resistance to BLB infection in seven different rice varieties from Myanmar.The varieties exhibited a variable phenotypic response at 14 d after infection(DAI)by Xoo strains K1 and K3a,among which,the variety Kayin Ma was classified as a moderately resistant(MR)variety,expressing Xa2,Xa4,xa5,xa13,and Xa21 genes.
基金financial supports of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22078041, 22278053,22208042)Dalian High-level Talents Innovation Support Program (2023RQ059)“the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT20JC41, DUT22YG218)”。
文摘Small-molecule drugs are essential for maintaining human health. The objective of this study is to identify a molecule that can inhibit the Factor Xa protein and be easily procured. An optimization-based de novo drug design framework, Drug CAMD, that integrates a deep learning model with a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model is used for designing drug candidates. Within this framework, a virtual chemical library is specifically tailored to inhibit Factor Xa. To further filter and narrow down the lead compounds from the designed compounds, comprehensive approaches involving molecular docking,binding pose metadynamics(BPMD), binding free energy calculations, and enzyme activity inhibition analysis are utilized. To maximize efficiency in terms of time and resources, molecules for in vitro activity testing are initially selected from commercially available portions of customized virtual chemical libraries. In vitro studies assessing inhibitor activities have confirmed that the compound EN300-331859shows potential Factor Xa inhibition, with an IC_(50)value of 34.57 μmol·L^(-1). Through in silico molecular docking and BPMD, the most plausible binding pose for the EN300-331859-Factor Xa complex are identified. The estimated binding free energy values correlate well with the results obtained from biological assays. Consequently, EN300-331859 is identified as a novel and effective sub-micromolar inhibitor of Factor Xa.
