When subjected to high voltages between opened contacts, vacuum interrupters may emit X-rays. In order to ensure that these are of an acceptable level, vacuum interrupters should comply with the limits for X-ray emiss...When subjected to high voltages between opened contacts, vacuum interrupters may emit X-rays. In order to ensure that these are of an acceptable level, vacuum interrupters should comply with the limits for X-ray emission and the test procedures to be carried out to verify this based on relevant standards and specifications. In this paper, a comprehensive experimental study has been performed for 126 kV vacuum interrupters used in a transmission system to understand the X-radiation level and its influence by three main parameters, namely applied power-frequency voltage, contact gap and power=frequency voltage conditioning. The radiation instrument is an FJ347 radiometer and the X-radiation dose was measured at the power-frequency test voltage. These tests demonstrated that the X-radiation emission level for a 126 kV vacuum interrupter did not exceed the following： 5 μSv per hour at a rated voltage of 126 kV and 150 μSv per hour at a power-frequency voltage of 230 kV at 1 m distance. The X-radiation dose increased with the applied power-frequency voltage increasing and decreased with the contact gap increasing. The X- radiation dose for 126 kV vacuum interrupters decreased by 57% after the conditioning procedure with a certain power-frequency voltage. During the conditioning procedure, the average value of the X-radiation dose was 4.49 mSv, which means if a professional conditions 180 interrupters per year, it will be safe at the 6.4 m distance.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To study the effect of X-radiation on expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） CNE-1 cells, and explore the mechanism of DNA mismatch repair after radiation. METHODS The cells were d...OBJECTIVE To study the effect of X-radiation on expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） CNE-1 cells, and explore the mechanism of DNA mismatch repair after radiation. METHODS The cells were divided into experimental and control groups. Experimental cells were exposed to 10 Gy radiation administered as 2 Gy per fraction. Control cells were not radiated. The distribution of cells in the cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry. The expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 was examined by RT-PCR and Western blots. RESULTS The expression of hMSH2 mRNA in experimental cells was significantly greater compared to control cells at 0-3rd weeks and decreased at the 4th week following radiation （P〈0.01）. The expression of hMSH2 protein in experimental cells was up-regulated and significantly greater compared to control cells at the 2nd-4th weeks after radiation （P〈0.01）. There were no significant differences in hMLH1 mRNA and protein expression between experimental and control cells （P 〉0.05）. CONCLUSION Radiation induces hMSH2 expression; hMSH2 has a role in the process of DNA repair, which maybe responsible for reduction of radiosensitivity after radiation.展开更多
For more than a half century, my colleagues and I in the Stony Brook High Pressure Laboratory have profited from collaborations with French scientists in their laboratories in Orsay, Paris, Toulouse, Lille, Lyon, Stra...For more than a half century, my colleagues and I in the Stony Brook High Pressure Laboratory have profited from collaborations with French scientists in their laboratories in Orsay, Paris, Toulouse, Lille, Lyon, Strasbourg and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rennes. These interactions have included postdoctoral appointments of French colleagues in our laboratory as well as two année sabbatique by me;in 1983-84</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, in the Laboratoire de Géophysique et Géodynamique Interne at the Université Paris XI in Orsay and in 2020-2003 in the Laboratoire des Méchanismes et Transfert en Géologie at the Université Paul Sabatier in Toulouse. The objective of this report is to relate this history and to illustrate the scientific advances which </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">resulted</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> from these collaborations.展开更多
Over the past six decades, I have maintained research connections with English scientists while pursuing an academic career focusing on scientific discoveries of the physical properties of minerals at high pressures a...Over the past six decades, I have maintained research connections with English scientists while pursuing an academic career focusing on scientific discoveries of the physical properties of minerals at high pressures and temperatures. During this period, I have also visited many research laboratories in England, including University of Cambridge, University College London, University of Oxford and the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment [AWRE] in Aldermaston, England. The objective of this paper is to relate this history.展开更多
The technological process for prepaxation of LiF TLD is reported. Sixteen types of TLD of LiF:Mg,Ti and LiF:Mg,Cu,P series are produced for dosimetry of X, γradiations and in neutron-γmixed radiation field. The meas...The technological process for prepaxation of LiF TLD is reported. Sixteen types of TLD of LiF:Mg,Ti and LiF:Mg,Cu,P series are produced for dosimetry of X, γradiations and in neutron-γmixed radiation field. The measurement parameters have been optimizationally selected by factors of parameter evaluation (P) and orthogonal method, and the procedure of quality control is recommended.展开更多
Pulse X-ray diagnostics is capable of reducing the radiation exposure considerably. As for pulse X-ray diagnostic machines, which form pulses with the duration of 0.1 μs, using them one can get outstanding results in...Pulse X-ray diagnostics is capable of reducing the radiation exposure considerably. As for pulse X-ray diagnostic machines, which form pulses with the duration of 0.1 μs, using them one can get outstanding results in this area. This fact can be explained by the long period of luminophor persistence in intensifying X-ray luminescent screens. In this paper we present experimental data, comparing radiation doses, measured at pulse X-ray apparatus and apparatus of constant radiation.展开更多
基金supported by National Key Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(No.2015CB251002)
文摘When subjected to high voltages between opened contacts, vacuum interrupters may emit X-rays. In order to ensure that these are of an acceptable level, vacuum interrupters should comply with the limits for X-ray emission and the test procedures to be carried out to verify this based on relevant standards and specifications. In this paper, a comprehensive experimental study has been performed for 126 kV vacuum interrupters used in a transmission system to understand the X-radiation level and its influence by three main parameters, namely applied power-frequency voltage, contact gap and power=frequency voltage conditioning. The radiation instrument is an FJ347 radiometer and the X-radiation dose was measured at the power-frequency test voltage. These tests demonstrated that the X-radiation emission level for a 126 kV vacuum interrupter did not exceed the following： 5 μSv per hour at a rated voltage of 126 kV and 150 μSv per hour at a power-frequency voltage of 230 kV at 1 m distance. The X-radiation dose increased with the applied power-frequency voltage increasing and decreased with the contact gap increasing. The X- radiation dose for 126 kV vacuum interrupters decreased by 57% after the conditioning procedure with a certain power-frequency voltage. During the conditioning procedure, the average value of the X-radiation dose was 4.49 mSv, which means if a professional conditions 180 interrupters per year, it will be safe at the 6.4 m distance.
文摘OBJECTIVE To study the effect of X-radiation on expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC） CNE-1 cells, and explore the mechanism of DNA mismatch repair after radiation. METHODS The cells were divided into experimental and control groups. Experimental cells were exposed to 10 Gy radiation administered as 2 Gy per fraction. Control cells were not radiated. The distribution of cells in the cell cycle was analyzed using flow cytometry. The expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 was examined by RT-PCR and Western blots. RESULTS The expression of hMSH2 mRNA in experimental cells was significantly greater compared to control cells at 0-3rd weeks and decreased at the 4th week following radiation （P〈0.01）. The expression of hMSH2 protein in experimental cells was up-regulated and significantly greater compared to control cells at the 2nd-4th weeks after radiation （P〈0.01）. There were no significant differences in hMLH1 mRNA and protein expression between experimental and control cells （P 〉0.05）. CONCLUSION Radiation induces hMSH2 expression; hMSH2 has a role in the process of DNA repair, which maybe responsible for reduction of radiosensitivity after radiation.
文摘For more than a half century, my colleagues and I in the Stony Brook High Pressure Laboratory have profited from collaborations with French scientists in their laboratories in Orsay, Paris, Toulouse, Lille, Lyon, Strasbourg and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Rennes. These interactions have included postdoctoral appointments of French colleagues in our laboratory as well as two année sabbatique by me;in 1983-84</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, in the Laboratoire de Géophysique et Géodynamique Interne at the Université Paris XI in Orsay and in 2020-2003 in the Laboratoire des Méchanismes et Transfert en Géologie at the Université Paul Sabatier in Toulouse. The objective of this report is to relate this history and to illustrate the scientific advances which </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">resulted</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> from these collaborations.
文摘Over the past six decades, I have maintained research connections with English scientists while pursuing an academic career focusing on scientific discoveries of the physical properties of minerals at high pressures and temperatures. During this period, I have also visited many research laboratories in England, including University of Cambridge, University College London, University of Oxford and the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment [AWRE] in Aldermaston, England. The objective of this paper is to relate this history.
文摘The technological process for prepaxation of LiF TLD is reported. Sixteen types of TLD of LiF:Mg,Ti and LiF:Mg,Cu,P series are produced for dosimetry of X, γradiations and in neutron-γmixed radiation field. The measurement parameters have been optimizationally selected by factors of parameter evaluation (P) and orthogonal method, and the procedure of quality control is recommended.
文摘Pulse X-ray diagnostics is capable of reducing the radiation exposure considerably. As for pulse X-ray diagnostic machines, which form pulses with the duration of 0.1 μs, using them one can get outstanding results in this area. This fact can be explained by the long period of luminophor persistence in intensifying X-ray luminescent screens. In this paper we present experimental data, comparing radiation doses, measured at pulse X-ray apparatus and apparatus of constant radiation.
