AIM: To study the association between self-reported peptic ulcer and childhood adversities.METHODS: The Health and Social Support Study (HeS-Sup) population consisted of a stratif ied random sample drawn from the Finn...AIM: To study the association between self-reported peptic ulcer and childhood adversities.METHODS: The Health and Social Support Study (HeS-Sup) population consisted of a stratif ied random sample drawn from the Finnish Population Register in four age groups: 20-24, 30-34, 40-44 and 50-54. The survey was carried out by postal questionnaire during 1998, with a response rate of 40.0%. A follow-up questionnaire was sent during 2003 to all those who responded to the f irst. Altogether 19 626 individuals returned the follow-up questionnaire; a response rate of 75.8%. The subjects were asked whether a doctor had told them that they have or have had peptic ulcer. The analyses covered those who responded aff irmatively to both the baseline and the follow-up enquiries (n = 718). Those not re-porting a peptic ulcer in either of the two questionnaires (n = 17 677) were taken as controls. The subjects were further requested (through six questions) to think about their childhood adversities.RESULTS: The most common adversities mentioned were long-lasting financial difficulties in the family, serious conflicts in the family, and a family member seriously or chronically ill. All the adversities reported, except parental divorce, were more common among peptic ulcer patients than among controls (P values varied between < 0.001 and 0.003). Age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios (OR) of childhood adversities in the multivariate logistic analysis for self-reported pep-tic ulcer varied between 1.45 and 2.01. Adjusting for smoking, heavy drinking, stress and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use had no further influence (ORs between 1.22 and 1.73).CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that childhood adversities maintain a connection with and have a predictive role in the development of peptic ulcer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Although gastrointestinal(GI)cancers have been becoming a great public health concern in China,there is currently a lack of comprehensive literature on the overall burden and changing trends of GI cancers i...BACKGROUND Although gastrointestinal(GI)cancers have been becoming a great public health concern in China,there is currently a lack of comprehensive literature on the overall burden and changing trends of GI cancers in the working-age population.AIM To assess the burden of GI cancers and to examine the overall,age-and genderspecific trends among the working-age population in China from 1990 to 2019.METHODS Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.The burden of GI cancers was indicated by incidence,mortality,disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs),age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR),age-standardized mortality rate,and age-standardized DALYs rate.Trends in the burden of GI cancers from 1990 to 2019 were examined using annual percent change and average annual percent change with Joinpoint regression models.RESULTS For overall GI cancers,a declining trend was observed in the ASIR,age-standardized mortality rate,and agestandardized DALYs rate,with reductions of 0.74%,2.23%,and 2.22%,respectively,from 1999 to 2019 in the Chinese working-age population.However,an increasing trend was observed in the ASIR for overall GI cancers from 2016-2019.The number of either incident cases,mortality cases,and DALYs was higher for colon/rectum cancer and liver cancer in younger participants but lower for esophageal,gallbladder,biliary tract,pancreatic,and stomach cancer among older subjects.Moreover,sex disparity in the GI cancers burden was also examined over 30 years.CONCLUSION The total burden of GI cancers remained heavy among the working-age population in China,although declining trends were observed from 1999 to 2019.Disparities in the GI cancers burden existed between sexes,age groups,and cancer types.Population-based precision prevention strategies are needed to tackle GI cancers among working-age individuals,considering the age,sex,and cancer type disparities in China.展开更多
Objective:This study aims to estimate the thyroid cancer(TC)burden and trends from 1990 and 2021 among working-age population(WAP),at the global,regional,and national levels.Methods:Based on the Global Burden of Disea...Objective:This study aims to estimate the thyroid cancer(TC)burden and trends from 1990 and 2021 among working-age population(WAP),at the global,regional,and national levels.Methods:Based on the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study,this cross-sectional study included data on TC incidence and mortality for WAP aged 15-64 years across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021.The age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR)and age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR)of TC were used to estimate the disease burden.Temporal trends of ASIR and ASMR were estimated by average annual percentage changes(AAPCs)based on age-period-cohort models.Relative inequality of TC burden across 204 countries was estimated by the slope index of concentration index.Results:Globally,ASIR of TC increased from 2.27 per 100,000 population to 3.41 per 100,000 population from1990 to 2021,with AAPC of 1.59%[95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.54,1.64];in contrast,ASMRs were stable at 0.31 per 100,000 population.Females had a higher disease burden than males,and adults aged 45-64 years accounted for more than 55%of the TC cases.Across regions and countries,North Africa and Comoros experienced the highest increase in ASIR,with AAPCs of 2.97%and 7.73%,respectively.All socio-demographic index(SDI)regions experienced a significant increase in ASIR,and regions with high and high-middle SDI experienced a significant decrease in ASMR.Global ASIR burden and ASMR burden were revealed to be concentrated mainly in higher-SDI and lower-SDI countries,respectively,with the concentration index in both sexes of 0.16(95%CI:0.13,0.19)and-0.14(95%CI:-0.18,-0.10)in 2021.Conclusions:Over the past three decades,the incidence burden of TC among the global WAP remarkably increased.International and regional policies for TC controls are supposed to be updated timely,to handle the current increasing burden and geographic disparities among WAP.展开更多
Despite recent progress in assessing future population exposure,few studies have focused on the exposure of certain vulnerable groups,such as working people.Working in hot environments can increase the heat-related ri...Despite recent progress in assessing future population exposure,few studies have focused on the exposure of certain vulnerable groups,such as working people.Working in hot environments can increase the heat-related risk to human health and reduce worker productivity,resulting in broad social and economic implications.Based on the daily climatic simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6(CMIP6)and the age group-specific population projections,we investigate future changes in working-age population exposure to heat extremes under multiple scenarios at global and continental scales.Projections show little variability in exposure across scenarios by mid-century(2031–2060),whereas significantly greater increases occur under SSP3-7.0 for the late century(2071–2100)compared to lower-end emission scenarios.Global exposure is expected to increase approximately 2-fold,6-fold and 16-fold relative to the historical time(1981–2010)under SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5 and SSP3-7.0,respectively.Asia will have the largest absolute exposure increase,while in relative terms,the most affected region is Africa.At the global level,future exposure increases are primarily caused by climate change and the combined effect of climate and working-age population changes.Climate change is the dominant driver in enhancing future continental exposure except in Africa,where the main contributor is the combined effect.展开更多
The most essential step in adjusting and improving the childbearing policy, the universal two-child policy will produce far-reaching impacts on the future development of China’s population. With its implementation, t...The most essential step in adjusting and improving the childbearing policy, the universal two-child policy will produce far-reaching impacts on the future development of China’s population. With its implementation, the country’s total population will peak later, the underage population and its proportion will increase substantially, the working-age population will experience a slower decline, and the aging of China’s population will be eased. However, the drop in the proportion of working-age people over the last 15 years has expedited the reduction of the demographic dividend, the elderly population will remain unaffected over the next 60 years, the aging of the population will continue to deepen, and at the same time, the increased child dependency burden will expand the overall dependency ratio.展开更多
文摘AIM: To study the association between self-reported peptic ulcer and childhood adversities.METHODS: The Health and Social Support Study (HeS-Sup) population consisted of a stratif ied random sample drawn from the Finnish Population Register in four age groups: 20-24, 30-34, 40-44 and 50-54. The survey was carried out by postal questionnaire during 1998, with a response rate of 40.0%. A follow-up questionnaire was sent during 2003 to all those who responded to the f irst. Altogether 19 626 individuals returned the follow-up questionnaire; a response rate of 75.8%. The subjects were asked whether a doctor had told them that they have or have had peptic ulcer. The analyses covered those who responded aff irmatively to both the baseline and the follow-up enquiries (n = 718). Those not re-porting a peptic ulcer in either of the two questionnaires (n = 17 677) were taken as controls. The subjects were further requested (through six questions) to think about their childhood adversities.RESULTS: The most common adversities mentioned were long-lasting financial difficulties in the family, serious conflicts in the family, and a family member seriously or chronically ill. All the adversities reported, except parental divorce, were more common among peptic ulcer patients than among controls (P values varied between < 0.001 and 0.003). Age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios (OR) of childhood adversities in the multivariate logistic analysis for self-reported pep-tic ulcer varied between 1.45 and 2.01. Adjusting for smoking, heavy drinking, stress and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use had no further influence (ORs between 1.22 and 1.73).CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that childhood adversities maintain a connection with and have a predictive role in the development of peptic ulcer.
基金Nanjing Medical Science and Technique Development Foundation,No.YKK22195National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.52078254.
文摘BACKGROUND Although gastrointestinal(GI)cancers have been becoming a great public health concern in China,there is currently a lack of comprehensive literature on the overall burden and changing trends of GI cancers in the working-age population.AIM To assess the burden of GI cancers and to examine the overall,age-and genderspecific trends among the working-age population in China from 1990 to 2019.METHODS Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.The burden of GI cancers was indicated by incidence,mortality,disability-adjusted life-years(DALYs),age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR),age-standardized mortality rate,and age-standardized DALYs rate.Trends in the burden of GI cancers from 1990 to 2019 were examined using annual percent change and average annual percent change with Joinpoint regression models.RESULTS For overall GI cancers,a declining trend was observed in the ASIR,age-standardized mortality rate,and agestandardized DALYs rate,with reductions of 0.74%,2.23%,and 2.22%,respectively,from 1999 to 2019 in the Chinese working-age population.However,an increasing trend was observed in the ASIR for overall GI cancers from 2016-2019.The number of either incident cases,mortality cases,and DALYs was higher for colon/rectum cancer and liver cancer in younger participants but lower for esophageal,gallbladder,biliary tract,pancreatic,and stomach cancer among older subjects.Moreover,sex disparity in the GI cancers burden was also examined over 30 years.CONCLUSION The total burden of GI cancers remained heavy among the working-age population in China,although declining trends were observed from 1999 to 2019.Disparities in the GI cancers burden existed between sexes,age groups,and cancer types.Population-based precision prevention strategies are needed to tackle GI cancers among working-age individuals,considering the age,sex,and cancer type disparities in China.
文摘Objective:This study aims to estimate the thyroid cancer(TC)burden and trends from 1990 and 2021 among working-age population(WAP),at the global,regional,and national levels.Methods:Based on the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study,this cross-sectional study included data on TC incidence and mortality for WAP aged 15-64 years across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021.The age-standardized incidence rate(ASIR)and age-standardized mortality rate(ASMR)of TC were used to estimate the disease burden.Temporal trends of ASIR and ASMR were estimated by average annual percentage changes(AAPCs)based on age-period-cohort models.Relative inequality of TC burden across 204 countries was estimated by the slope index of concentration index.Results:Globally,ASIR of TC increased from 2.27 per 100,000 population to 3.41 per 100,000 population from1990 to 2021,with AAPC of 1.59%[95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.54,1.64];in contrast,ASMRs were stable at 0.31 per 100,000 population.Females had a higher disease burden than males,and adults aged 45-64 years accounted for more than 55%of the TC cases.Across regions and countries,North Africa and Comoros experienced the highest increase in ASIR,with AAPCs of 2.97%and 7.73%,respectively.All socio-demographic index(SDI)regions experienced a significant increase in ASIR,and regions with high and high-middle SDI experienced a significant decrease in ASMR.Global ASIR burden and ASMR burden were revealed to be concentrated mainly in higher-SDI and lower-SDI countries,respectively,with the concentration index in both sexes of 0.16(95%CI:0.13,0.19)and-0.14(95%CI:-0.18,-0.10)in 2021.Conclusions:Over the past three decades,the incidence burden of TC among the global WAP remarkably increased.International and regional policies for TC controls are supposed to be updated timely,to handle the current increasing burden and geographic disparities among WAP.
基金Research Grants from National Institute of Natural Hazards,Ministry of Emergency Management of China,No.ZDJ2021-15China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2021M702771。
文摘Despite recent progress in assessing future population exposure,few studies have focused on the exposure of certain vulnerable groups,such as working people.Working in hot environments can increase the heat-related risk to human health and reduce worker productivity,resulting in broad social and economic implications.Based on the daily climatic simulations from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6(CMIP6)and the age group-specific population projections,we investigate future changes in working-age population exposure to heat extremes under multiple scenarios at global and continental scales.Projections show little variability in exposure across scenarios by mid-century(2031–2060),whereas significantly greater increases occur under SSP3-7.0 for the late century(2071–2100)compared to lower-end emission scenarios.Global exposure is expected to increase approximately 2-fold,6-fold and 16-fold relative to the historical time(1981–2010)under SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5 and SSP3-7.0,respectively.Asia will have the largest absolute exposure increase,while in relative terms,the most affected region is Africa.At the global level,future exposure increases are primarily caused by climate change and the combined effect of climate and working-age population changes.Climate change is the dominant driver in enhancing future continental exposure except in Africa,where the main contributor is the combined effect.
基金received grants from the National Natural Sciences Foundation as a major project(Project Approval No.:71490731)
文摘The most essential step in adjusting and improving the childbearing policy, the universal two-child policy will produce far-reaching impacts on the future development of China’s population. With its implementation, the country’s total population will peak later, the underage population and its proportion will increase substantially, the working-age population will experience a slower decline, and the aging of China’s population will be eased. However, the drop in the proportion of working-age people over the last 15 years has expedited the reduction of the demographic dividend, the elderly population will remain unaffected over the next 60 years, the aging of the population will continue to deepen, and at the same time, the increased child dependency burden will expand the overall dependency ratio.
