Knowledge of the spatial distribution of interseismic deformations is essential to better understand earthquake cycles.The existing methods for improving the reliability of the obtained deformations often rely on visu...Knowledge of the spatial distribution of interseismic deformations is essential to better understand earthquake cycles.The existing methods for improving the reliability of the obtained deformations often rely on visual inspection and prior model corrections that are time-consuming,labor-intensive,and do not consider the spatial distribution of interseismic deformations.Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(InSAR)data provides wide-scale coverage for interseismic deformation monitoring over a wide area.However,the interseismic signal featured as millimeter-scale and long-wave deformations is often contaminated with noise.In the present study,a new workfow to correct the interferometric phase and quantitatively select interferograms is proposed to improve the accuracy of interseismic deformation measurements.Initially,the Generic Atmospheric Correction Online Service(GACOS),Intermittent Code for Atmospheric Noise Depression through Iterative Stacking(I-CANDIS),and plate model are combined to correct the atmospheric screen and long-wave ramp phase.Subsequently,the Pearson’s Correlation Coefcient(PCC)between the interferometric phase and the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)constrained interseismic model as well as the STandard Deviation(STD)of the interferometric phase are introduced as criteria to optimize the selection of interferograms.Finally,the intermittent stacking method is used to generate an average velocity map.A comprehensive test using Sentinel-1 images covering the Haiyuan Fault Zone validate the efectiveness of our workfow in measuring interseismic deformations.This demonstrates that the proposed joint InSAR-GNSS workfow can be extended to study the subtle interseismic deformations of major fault systems in Xizang and worldwide.展开更多
This article presents the virtual restoration of the Nine Eyes Watchtower,a signifcant cultural heritage site along the Great Wall.By applying the Seville Charter and digital technology,a detailed virtual restoration ...This article presents the virtual restoration of the Nine Eyes Watchtower,a signifcant cultural heritage site along the Great Wall.By applying the Seville Charter and digital technology,a detailed virtual restoration workfow is developed.The methodology involves acquiring data from multiple sources,including physical evidence,historical data,and comparative data.Advanced survey technologies,architectural knowledge,historical research,and computer modelling techniques are integrated to accurately capture the architectural and historical signifcance of the Nine Eyes Watchtower.The virtual restoration process follows a systematic approach,combining evidence interpretation and explicit deduction steps.The main outcome is a comprehensive virtual restoration model that accurately represents the architectural features and historical context of the Nine Eyes Watchtower.The virtual scene includes environmental elements,with potential for immersive exploration.By bridging the gap between interpretation and deduction,this study advances the scientifc understanding and presentation of virtual restorations.The project contributes to ongoing research,education,and appreciation of the Great Wall’s cultural legacy,ensuring its continued relevance for future generations.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42174023)Frontier cross research project of Central South University(Grant number:2023QYJC006).
文摘Knowledge of the spatial distribution of interseismic deformations is essential to better understand earthquake cycles.The existing methods for improving the reliability of the obtained deformations often rely on visual inspection and prior model corrections that are time-consuming,labor-intensive,and do not consider the spatial distribution of interseismic deformations.Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(InSAR)data provides wide-scale coverage for interseismic deformation monitoring over a wide area.However,the interseismic signal featured as millimeter-scale and long-wave deformations is often contaminated with noise.In the present study,a new workfow to correct the interferometric phase and quantitatively select interferograms is proposed to improve the accuracy of interseismic deformation measurements.Initially,the Generic Atmospheric Correction Online Service(GACOS),Intermittent Code for Atmospheric Noise Depression through Iterative Stacking(I-CANDIS),and plate model are combined to correct the atmospheric screen and long-wave ramp phase.Subsequently,the Pearson’s Correlation Coefcient(PCC)between the interferometric phase and the Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS)constrained interseismic model as well as the STandard Deviation(STD)of the interferometric phase are introduced as criteria to optimize the selection of interferograms.Finally,the intermittent stacking method is used to generate an average velocity map.A comprehensive test using Sentinel-1 images covering the Haiyuan Fault Zone validate the efectiveness of our workfow in measuring interseismic deformations.This demonstrates that the proposed joint InSAR-GNSS workfow can be extended to study the subtle interseismic deformations of major fault systems in Xizang and worldwide.
基金funded by the following funds in terms of research,analysis,and writing,which are:2024 Scientifc Research Project of Colleges and universities in Hebei Province(No.QN2024044)Research on immersive multimedia multidimensional interaction and presentation technology(No.2022YFF0902402).
文摘This article presents the virtual restoration of the Nine Eyes Watchtower,a signifcant cultural heritage site along the Great Wall.By applying the Seville Charter and digital technology,a detailed virtual restoration workfow is developed.The methodology involves acquiring data from multiple sources,including physical evidence,historical data,and comparative data.Advanced survey technologies,architectural knowledge,historical research,and computer modelling techniques are integrated to accurately capture the architectural and historical signifcance of the Nine Eyes Watchtower.The virtual restoration process follows a systematic approach,combining evidence interpretation and explicit deduction steps.The main outcome is a comprehensive virtual restoration model that accurately represents the architectural features and historical context of the Nine Eyes Watchtower.The virtual scene includes environmental elements,with potential for immersive exploration.By bridging the gap between interpretation and deduction,this study advances the scientifc understanding and presentation of virtual restorations.The project contributes to ongoing research,education,and appreciation of the Great Wall’s cultural legacy,ensuring its continued relevance for future generations.
