With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies,its applications have become increasingly widespread across various aspects of geography,offering unprecedented analytical capabilities across disc...With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies,its applications have become increasingly widespread across various aspects of geography,offering unprecedented analytical capabilities across disciplinary boundaries.Despite this revolutionary potential,a comprehensive understanding of the current research landscape and development trajectory of AI in geographical sciences remains limited.To fill this gap,we conducted a large-scale systematic review based on 400,000 geographical publications published from 1990 to 2023.We utilized large language model(LLM)prompt engineering,topic modeling and other natural language processing techniques to analyze the publications.Our findings reveal that AI applications constitute 8.1% of geographical research,with publication volume having increased 20-fold over three decades.Both China and the United States have been the leading contributors to AI-driven geographical studies,together accounting for 62.78% of all publications in this field.Notably,more than half of the studies used traditional machine learning methods.Among the various geographical topics,remote sensing applications and spatial data analysis emerged as the most extensively explored areas using AI techniques,with image feature extraction being the topic with the deepest level of adoption and most significant ongoing impact of AI methods.This systematic review provides critical insights into the integration trajectory of AI within geographical sciences,establishing a foundation for identifying emerging research opportunities and enhancing our understanding of AI’s transformative role in advancing geographical knowledge.展开更多
Objectives:Healthcare students experience significant stress due to their rigorous graduate school curricula.These levels of stress are associated with higher risks of depression,self-harm,and exhaustion.Coping interv...Objectives:Healthcare students experience significant stress due to their rigorous graduate school curricula.These levels of stress are associated with higher risks of depression,self-harm,and exhaustion.Coping interventions have been shown to help students develop healthy stress coping strategies.The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the diverse array of coping interventions and what characteristics of coping interventions were most effective at decreasing stress among healthcare students.Methods:Any intervention designed to address coping for academic stress was included among medical,dental,nursing,physician assistant,allied health,veterinary,psychology,etc.students.A comprehensive literature search was completed to include multiple databases,Ancestry,and hand-searching from EBSCO and Google Scholar articles.A final total of 17 studies were included.Standardized mean difference effect sizes(ES)were synthesized across studies using a random-effects model in the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software for changes in coping levels in healthcare students.Moderator analyses were performed to explore the study,intervention,and participants’characteristics.The risk of bias was assessed by RoB2 and ROBINS-I.Results:Coping interventions significantly reduced stress outcomes among healthcare students(d=0.74;95%CI[0.48–1.01],95%PI[−0.41–1.90],p<0.001,Q=228.49,I^(2)=93.0%,T=0.52,T^(2)=0.28,p<0.001).Moderator analysis showed that interventions with stress education,established professional guidance,and fewer hours led to better stress management outcomes.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that coping interventions produce an overall moderate-to-large effect on stress reduction.Future research investigating coping interventions on academic and long-term outcomes would be beneficial.展开更多
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pa...Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pathological factor contributing to the progression of sarcopenia.However,the morphological and functional changes in mitochondria and their interplay in the degeneration of the neuromuscular junction during aging remain poorly understood.A defined systematic search of the Pub Med,Web of Science and Embase databases(last accessed on October 30,2024)was conducted with search terms including'mitochondria','aging'and'NMJ'.Clinical and preclinical studies of mitochondrial dysfunction and neuromuscular junction degeneration during aging.Twentyseven studies were included in this systematic review.This systematic review provides a summary of morphological,functional and biological changes in neuromuscular junction,mitochondrial morphology,biosynthesis,respiratory chain function,and mitophagy during aging.We focus on the interactions and mechanisms underlying the relationship between mitochondria and neuromuscular junctions during aging.Aging is characterized by significant reductions in mitochondrial fusion/fission cycles,biosynthesis,and mitochondrial quality control,which may lead to neuromuscular junction dysfunction,denervation and poor physical performance.Motor nerve terminals that exhibit redox sensitivity are among the first to exhibit abnormalities,ultimately leading to an early decline in muscle strength through impaired neuromuscular junction transmission function.Parg coactivator 1 alpha is a crucial molecule that regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and modulates various pathways,including the mitochondrial respiratory chain,energy deficiency,oxidative stress,and inflammation.Mitochondrial dysfunction is correlated with neuromuscular junction denervation and acetylcholine receptor fragmentation,resulting in muscle atrophy and a decrease in strength during aging.Physical therapy,pharmacotherapy,and gene therapy can alleviate the structural degeneration and functional deterioration of neuromuscular junction by restoring mitochondrial function.Therefore,mitochondria are considered potential targets for preserving neuromuscular junction morphology and function during aging to treat sarcopenia.展开更多
Background:Assess ChatGPT and Bard's effectiveness in the initial identification of articles for Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery systematic literature reviews.Methods:Three PRISMA-based systematic reviews(Ja...Background:Assess ChatGPT and Bard's effectiveness in the initial identification of articles for Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery systematic literature reviews.Methods:Three PRISMA-based systematic reviews(Jabbour et al.2017,Wong et al.2018,and Wu et al.2021)were replicated using ChatGPTv3.5 and Bard.Outputs(author,title,publication year,and journal)were compared to the original references and cross-referenced with medical databases for authenticity and recall.Results:Several themes emerged when comparing Bard and ChatGPT across the three reviews.Bard generated more outputs and had greater recall in Wong et al.'s review,with a broader date range in Jabbour et al.'s review.In Wu et al.'s review,ChatGPT-2 had higher recall and identified more authentic outputs than Bard-2.Conclusion:Large language models(LLMs)failed to fully replicate peer-reviewed methodologies,producing outputs with inaccuracies but identifying relevant,especially recent,articles missed by the references.While human-led PRISMA-based reviews remain the gold standard,refining LLMs for literature reviews shows potential.展开更多
Objectives This review aimed to systematically synthesize the available research on the disclosure of diagnosis and related issues in childhood cancer from the perspectives of healthcare professionals,with the goal of...Objectives This review aimed to systematically synthesize the available research on the disclosure of diagnosis and related issues in childhood cancer from the perspectives of healthcare professionals,with the goal of informing the optimization of disclosure processes and meeting the communication needs of affected families.Methods In accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)methodology for mixed methods systematic reviews,the convergent segregated approach was used in this review.Articles were retrieved from 11 databases,including PubMed,Web of Science,CINAHL,CENTRAL,Embase,Ovid/Medline,PsycINFO,PsycArticles,Scopus,ERIC,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).The quality of the selected articles was assessed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool(MMAT).The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO(CRD42024542746).Results A total of 21 studies from 10 countries were included.Their methodological quality was generally medium to high,with MMAT scores ranging from 60%to 100%.The synthesis yielded three core themes:1)the spectrum of professional and societal attitudes toward disclosure;2)the dynamic practices of navigating disclosure amid uncertainty,including timing and environment,stakeholders,and content of disclosure;and 3)factors influencing disclosure,including children’s,parental,healthcare professionals’,and socio-cultural factors.Conclusions This review synthesized the perspectives and experiences of healthcare professionals regarding disclosure in childhood cancer,highlighting the complexity and multidimensional nature of this process in clinical practice.Future research should further investigate the experiences and needs of children and their parents,explore cultural variations in disclosure practices,develop context-appropriate assessment tools,and construct multidimensional intervention strategies to enhance the humanistic care and professional effectiveness of the disclosure process.展开更多
BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different ...BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different factors.AIM To investigate the key determinants of aseptic loosening,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library was conducted,encompassing studies from database inception to January 1,2025.Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with aseptic loosening following pTHA.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were systematically applied at each stage to ensure methodological transparency and reproducibility.Study quality was assessed using standardized categories.Pooled odds ratio(OR)with corresponding 95%confidence interval were calculated with random-or fixed-effects models to generate reliability estimates,and study heterogeneity was visualized using forest plots.Ten factors,categorized into patient-,surgeon-,and device-related domains,were reviewed and meta-analyzed.Funnel plot analysis demonstrated a relatively symmetrical distribution,suggesting minimal publication bias.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 20 studies(520789 participants)found a pooled prevalence of 1.96%.Significant risk factors for aseptic loosening after pTHA included elevated body mass index(OR=1.116,P<0.001),higher Charlson comorbidity index(OR=1.378,P<0.001),prosthesis-related factors(OR=1.497,P<0.001),and adverse lifestyles(OR=2.198,P=0.037).Protective factors were non-white race(OR=0.445,P<0.001)and favorable genetics(OR=0.723,P<0.001).Male sex increased risk(OR=1.232,P=0.016),while age and anatomy were not significant.Surgical expertise showed a slight protective effect(OR=1.048,P<0.001).A comprehensive understanding of the modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to aseptic loosening after pTHA requires consideration of patient-related factors,surgical expertise,and prosthesis characteristics.CONCLUSION The identification of these factors is critical for risk mitigation.High-risk patients should receive targeted counseling regarding individualized profiles.Further studies are warranted to establish clearer causal relationships and identify additional contributing factors.展开更多
Objectives:Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)has become a key treatment for melanoma.However,the increasing number of cases of melanoma resistant to immunotherapy highlights the need to develop met...Objectives:Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)has become a key treatment for melanoma.However,the increasing number of cases of melanoma resistant to immunotherapy highlights the need to develop methods to overcome this resistance.This study aims to collect the most recent information on melanoma immunotherapy,discuss potential strategies to overcome resistance to immunotherapy,and identify areas that require further analysis.Methods:To achieve this goal,scientific publications from 2021-2024 available in PubMed and Google Scholar databases were analyzed.The databases were searched using the following terms:“melanoma”,“immunotherapy”,“Immune Checkpoint Blockade”,and“immunoresistance”.Results:The results of preclinical and early-stage clinical research indicate the potential application of tank-binding kinase 1(TBK-1),fecal microbiota transplant(FMT),Toll-like Receptor 9(TLR9),lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)containing a stimulator of an interferon gene agonist(STING),BRAF inhibitors,Lymphocyte Activation Gene(LAG-3),T-Cell Immunoglobulin and ITIM Domain(TIGIT),and oncolytic viruses(OVs)as potential methods to enhance melanoma sensitivity to ICB.Discussion:To optimize immunotherapy,further research is needed to determine the detailed mechanisms of action,safety profiles,tolerability,and precise patient selection criteria for methods capable of overcoming melanoma’s immunoresistance.展开更多
Objective:Current research highlights periodontal disease as a systemic inflammatory condition that may influence extra-oral diseases such as prostatic diseases,which prompted us to explore the potential association.T...Objective:Current research highlights periodontal disease as a systemic inflammatory condition that may influence extra-oral diseases such as prostatic diseases,which prompted us to explore the potential association.To evaluate whether periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk of prostatic disease,including prostate cancer,benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH),and prostatitis.Methods:A systematic search of observational studies concerning the relationship between periodontal disease and prostatic disease was performed in online databases PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,CENTRAL,CNKI,and WanFang.Searches were conducted from database inception to 31 July 2025.Pooled hazard ratio(HR)or odds ratio(OR)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were synthesized.Subgroup analysis was used to detect the origin of heterogeneity,sensitivity analysis was employed to evaluate the robustness of the results,and publication bias analyses were also performed.R software was used to perform statistical analyses.Results:Sixteen studies that met the preset criteria were included in this study.In the pooled analysis,periodontal disease was associated with increased risk of prostate cancer(HR=1.23,95%CI:1.16-1.29,p<0.001)or BPH(OR=1.55,95%CI:1.41-1.70,p<0.001).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results.No obvious publication biaswas found in the meta-analysis.Only one cohort study reported that chronic periodontitis increases the risk of prostatitis(HR=2.521,95%CI:1.685-4.005,p<0.001).The effect of periodontal treatment on prostatic disease is still unclear.Conclusions:The systematic review and meta-analysis identified an observational association between periodontal disease and increased risks of prostate cancer and BPH.Because all included studies were observational,these results indicate association rather than causation,and further prospective and mechanistic studies are required to clarify temporality and causality.展开更多
We read with great interest Deng et al.’s study 1 comparing sextant(6-core)and 12-core systematic biopsy in theMRI-targeted era,which valuably challenges the“more cores=higher accuracy”dogma by proposing a precisio...We read with great interest Deng et al.’s study 1 comparing sextant(6-core)and 12-core systematic biopsy in theMRI-targeted era,which valuably challenges the“more cores=higher accuracy”dogma by proposing a precision sampling strategy based on prostate cancer’s spatial distribution,aligning with personalized diagnosis trends.展开更多
Background:The Colorectal Cancer(CRC)pathogenesis and therapeutic efficacy are influenced by the gut microbiome,making it a promising biomarker for predicting treatment responses and adverse effects.This systematic re...Background:The Colorectal Cancer(CRC)pathogenesis and therapeutic efficacy are influenced by the gut microbiome,making it a promising biomarker for predicting treatment responses and adverse effects.This systematic review aims to outline the gut microbiome composition in individuals with CRC undergoing the same therapeutic regimen and evaluate interindividual microbiome profile variations to better understand how these differences may influence therapeutic outcomes.Methods:Key studies investigating the microbiome’s role in therapeutic approaches for CRC were searched in both PubMed and Cochrane databases on 12 and 22 March 2025,respectively.Eligible studies included free full-text English-language randomized clinical trials and human observational studies reporting on gut microbiome composition and treatment outcomes.RoB 2 and ROBINS-I were employed in the evaluation of bias for randomized trials and observational studies,respectively.Data extracted was narratively analyzed.Results:Six studies involving a total of 361 individuals were included.Therapeutic interventions,either standard treatments and/or those targeting the gut microbiome,generally increased probiotic taxa and reduced pro-carcinogenic bacteria.However,no consistent pattern of improved clinical outcomes was observed,suggesting that treatment mechanisms,the tumor’s nature,and individual characteristics play critical roles in microbiome modulation.Conclusion:The gut microbiome holds significant potential in clinical settings.Nonetheless,further research is needed to better understand its functional aspects and to consider the influence of treatment mechanisms,the tumor’s nature,and individual characteristics as modulators,in order to optimize clinical outcomes.展开更多
Background:Artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted threedimensional(3D)surgical platforms,integrated with augmented reality,have the potential to improve intraoperative anatomical recognition and provide surgeons with an...Background:Artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted threedimensional(3D)surgical platforms,integrated with augmented reality,have the potential to improve intraoperative anatomical recognition and provide surgeons with an immersive,dynamic operating environment during urooncological procedures.This review aims to examine the current applications of AI in robotic uro-oncology,with a particular focus on its role in facilitating intraoperative navigation during complex surgeries.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed across PubMed,the National Library of Medicine,MEDLINE,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL),ClinicalTrials.gov,and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published up to July 2025.The search strategy incorporated a predefined set of keywords,including AI,machine learning,radical prostatectomy(RP),robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP),robotassisted partial nephrectomy(RAPN),and robot-assisted radical cystectomy(RARC).Only clinical trials,full-text peer-reviewed publications,and original research articles were included.Studies were eligible for inclusion if they evaluated or described applications of AI in RARP,RAPN,or RARC.Results:Technological advancements have substantially transformed the field of uro-oncologic surgery.In particular,AI and AI-assisted intraoperative navigation in RARP demonstrate considerable potential to objectively assess surgical performance and predict clinical outcomes.In RAPN,the adoption of preoperative,interactive 3D virtualmodels for surgical planning has influenced surgical decisions,thus,enhanced precision in resection planning correlates with superior nephron-sparing outcomes and optimized selective clamping.AI applications in RARC,techniques such as augmented reality(AR)can overlay critical information on the surgical field,by facilitating navigation through complex anatomical planes and enhancing identification of critical structures.Conclusion:AI appears to enhance robotic uro-oncologic procedures by increasing operative precision and supporting individualised surgical treatment strategies.展开更多
Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,and electroacupuncture has a long history of use in stroke treatment.This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of electroa...Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,and electroacupuncture has a long history of use in stroke treatment.This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of electroacupuncture and explore its potential mechanisms in animal models of ischemic stroke.The PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,CENTRAL,and CINAHL databases were comprehensively searched up to May 1,2024.This review included articles on preclinical investigations of the efficacy and mechanisms of electroacupuncture in treating ischemic stroke.Data from 70 eligible studies were analyzed in Stata 18.0,using a random-effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference(Hedge’s g).The risk of bias was assessed using RevMan 5.4 software,and the quality of evidence was rated according to the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)system.Subgroup analyses were conducted to test the consistency of the results and sensitivity analyses were used to assess their robustness.The quality assessment revealed that most studies adequately handled incomplete data and selective reporting.However,several methodological limitations were identified:only 4 studies demonstrated a low risk of allocation concealment,26 achieved a low risk of outcome assessment bias,and 9 had a high risk of randomization bias.Additionally,there was an unclear risk regarding participant blinding and other methodological aspects.The GRADE assessment rated 12 outcomes as moderate quality and 6 as low quality.The mechanisms of electroacupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke can be categorized as five primary pathways:(1)Electroacupuncture significantly reduced infarct volume and apoptotic cell death(P<0.01)in ischemic stroke models;(2)electroacupuncture significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory factors(P<0.01)while increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory factors(P=0.02);(3)electroacupuncture reduced the levels of oxidative stress indicators(P<0.01)and enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzymes(P<0.01);(4)electroacupuncture significantly promoted nerve regeneration(P<0.01);and(5)electroacupuncture influenced blood flow remodeling(P<0.01)and angiogenesis(P<0.01).Subgroup analyses indicated that electroacupuncture was most effective in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model(P<0.01)and in post-middle cerebral artery occlusion intervention(P<0.01).Dispersive waves were found to outperform continuous waves with respect to neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory effects(P<0.01),while scalp acupoints demonstrated greater efficacy than body acupoints(P<0.01).The heterogeneity among the included studies was minimal,and sensitivity analyses indicated stable results.Their methodological quality was generally satisfactory.In conclusion,electroacupuncture is effective in treating cerebral ischemia by modulating cell apoptosis,oxidative stress,inflammation,stroke-induced nerve regeneration,blood flow remodeling,and angiogenesis.The efficacy of electroacupuncture may be influenced by factors such as the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,the timing of intervention onset,waveform,and acupoint selection.Despite the moderate to low quality of evidence,these findings suggest that electroacupuncture has clinical potential for improving outcomes in ischemic stroke.展开更多
Background:While the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)is evolving due to immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),optimal strategies for later lines of therapy have yet to be defined.The combination of lenv...Background:While the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)is evolving due to immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),optimal strategies for later lines of therapy have yet to be defined.The combination of lenvatinib and everolimus represents a viable option,and the present review aimed to summarize its activity,effectiveness,and safety.Methods:A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed,targeting studies published between 2018 and 2025.Eligible studies included English-language prospective and retrospective trials reporting survival outcomes in mRCC patients treated with lenvatinib and everolimus after at least one ICI-containing regimen.Results:Nine studies met the inclusion criteria,encompassing a total of 441 patients.The lenvatinib and everolimus combination was primarily used in the third and subsequent lines of therapy.Median overall survival ranged from 7.5 to 24.5 months,while median progression-free survival was more consistent,between 6.1 and 6.7 months,except for one study reporting 12.9 months.Objective response rates varied widely(14.0%–55.7%).Adverse events of grade≥3 did not exceed the expected rate,with diarrhoea and proteinuria as the most reported events.Dose reductions and treatment discontinuations due to toxicity occurred but were generally lower than in prior pivotal trials.Conclusions:Real-world evidence suggests that lenvatinib and everolimus represent an effective and safe option after ICI failure in mRCC patients.Nevertheless,the lack of randomized phase III trials and the heterogeneity of existing studies highlight the need for more robust prospective research to guide post-ICI therapeutic strategies.展开更多
Objectives:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major global health burden,and Urolithin A(Uro-A)has emerged as a promising anticancer agent.This systematic review aims to synthesize current in vitro evidence on the anticancer ...Objectives:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major global health burden,and Urolithin A(Uro-A)has emerged as a promising anticancer agent.This systematic review aims to synthesize current in vitro evidence on the anticancer effects of Uro-A in CRC,highlighting effective concentration ranges,exposure times,relevant outcomes,and underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods:Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines,a systematic search was conducted in PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science using the following strategy:(colorectal cancer)AND(urolithin a)OR(3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one).Eligibility criteria were defined by the PICO framework:(P)in vitro CRC cell models;(I)Uro-A alone or combined treatments;(C)No intervention,vehicle or other treatments;(O)Relevant anticancer outcomes of Uro-A in CRC.Only original,full-text,in vitro studies in English were included.Risk of bias was assessed using ToxRTool.A qualitative synthesis was performed due to the heterogeneity of the included studies.Results:Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria,involving CRC cell lines(Caco-2,HCT-116,HT-29,SW480,SW620)and normal colon fibroblasts(CCD18-Co).Uro-A inhibited CRC cell proliferation,clonogenic growth,cancer stem cells properties,migration,and invasion,and induced cell cycle arrest,apoptosis,autophagy,and senescence,through modulation of key signaling pathways and proteins.Co-treatments with conventional chemotherapeutics and microbiota-derived metabolites showed additive or synergistic effects.Discussion:The findings support UroA’s potential as a preventive or adjuvant agent in CRC treatment.However,preclinical nature of the evidence and methodological heterogeneity hinder clinical extrapolation to in vivo contexts.Human clinical trials are necessary to overcome these limitations.Other:This review was registered in PROSPERO(CRD420251070874)and supported by FCT/MCTES UIDP/05608/2020 and UIDB/05608/2020.Institutional.展开更多
Systematization for the maintenance of buildings enables their supporting system to be more practical than before. This study aims to make the maintenance and the long-term repairs for the buildings to be easier. In J...Systematization for the maintenance of buildings enables their supporting system to be more practical than before. This study aims to make the maintenance and the long-term repairs for the buildings to be easier. In Japan, 30-40-year-old buildings seem to have been planned and built with little thought about their future maintenances, which have made them very difficult to be repaired on a large scale. This is why effective management systems about dealing with the data should be strongly suggested. Since the Building Standard Law was amended on April 1, 2008, in Japan, the regular investigation and report for particular buildings are legally obligated every three years, thus a variety of useful data can be obtained through Kitakyushu City cases as well as former data personally obtained. With those data used usefully, systematization for the maintenance of the buildings will produce satisfactory results by building up a connection between those data and the long-term repair planning.展开更多
All knowledge fields are founded on universal epistemologies and philosophies.This is evident in ancient Traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic(Siddha)medical systems,which are integrated into national health systems of Ch...All knowledge fields are founded on universal epistemologies and philosophies.This is evident in ancient Traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic(Siddha)medical systems,which are integrated into national health systems of China and India respectively.African natural medicines(ANMs)are not part of national health systems on the African continent because of a lack of systematization frameworks.This article explores classical medical systems drawn from ancient African and Chinese cosmologies.A qualitative research methodology was used to conduct in-depth interviews with 20 respondents selected using a purposeful sampling technique.The data were summarized into systematization frameworks for disease theories,etiology and pathogenesis,diagnosis and prognosis,and treatment including medicines and disease classification.The study findings revealed that in antiquity,Africa had systematic medical cosmologies,remnants of which are evident in current cultural health practices.Therefore,parallels can be drawn in relation to Chinese Taoist and Indian Tantric healing arts.Ancient Africans recognized Ra or iSithunzi(uMbhilini),which correspond to qi or prana and refer to energetic life force in Asian cultures.Shu and Tefnut(Nkomo weLwandle and Dungha Manzi)correspond to yin and yang or purusha and prakriti,the natural principles of polarised duality.The jing or oojas(physiological essences)and wu xing or pancha tattvas(five ele-ments and modes of nature)and their relationships with the zang and fu(five vital organs and visceral organs,respectively)also found their application in African medical cosmologies.The data revealed that ancient and contemporary ANM systems are based on the concept of con-sciousness(saa or ntu)and life force energy,ra.These cosmological concepts are predicated upon the Paut Neteru or Amathogo(archetypal forces)that prescribe properties to everything.On this basis,an African-Kemetic Health Preservation Theory was developed,which gives rise to African theories for disease etiology,pathogenesis,differential diagnoses,comprehensive prognosis,and holistic treatment regimens.In addition,we developed an uBu-Ntu bio-innovation model for integral research,inclusive innova-tion,local technology transfer,holistic enterprising,and conscious commercialization of African natural medicines.It is the intention of the authors to influence policy in the implementation of these theories,models,and frameworks for clinical application and socio-economic development.展开更多
Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention...Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention and treatment.Methods:All studies were searched in online databases and grey literature,including PubMed(Medline),Web of Science,CINAHL,Scopus,IEEE Xplore Digital Library,Journal of Medical Internet Research(JMIR),MedNar,EBSco Open Dissertations.The search period is from inception to June 2023,and the languages are Finnish,English and Swedish.The research quality was evaluated using the web-based data management system Covidence for prevalence studies.The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO(registration number:CRD42021247595).Results:In this review,4,407 studies were screened,and 22 were included.These involved 3,433 participants and 264 child-parent pairs.The digital approaches included multicomponent elements like internet platforms,text messaging,video conferencing,online communities,wearable technology,and mobile apps,allowing one-way,two-way,and face-to-face interactions.Two studies showed statistically significant effects of treatment on BMI and waist-to-hip ratio.Most interventions reported positive outcomes,with no significant differences between groups,and none showed null effects during followup.Conclusions:Digital multicomponents like mobile apps and wearables can help obese children and adolescents adopt healthier lifestyles.While these interventions show promise for obesity management,further research is needed to assess their effectiveness,particularly regarding nurses'perspectives.展开更多
The design philosophy based on the working process systematization, the feature of practice teaching is analyzed the principles of practice teaching quality evaluation system are summed up. The evaluation system based...The design philosophy based on the working process systematization, the feature of practice teaching is analyzed the principles of practice teaching quality evaluation system are summed up. The evaluation system based on working process systematization of the practice teaching quality is established, the management of quality evaluation system and the project of the monitoring are put forward.展开更多
The advancement of Artificial Intelligence(AI)has garnered significant attention within the academic research community,reflecting the prevailing zeitgeist.However,there is a paucity of literature that has delved into...The advancement of Artificial Intelligence(AI)has garnered significant attention within the academic research community,reflecting the prevailing zeitgeist.However,there is a paucity of literature that has delved into its connection with the higher order thinking skills of human beings.The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the relationship between AI utilization and the development of critical thinking(CT)in the field of education.A systematic literature search was performed in two databases,Web of Science and Scopus,with a focus on empirical studies related to AI and CT.The review process followed the PRISMA framework and adopted a bottom-up approach,Ultimately,the integrated review synthesized 21 eligible studies from a total of 649 articles.The systematic review identified three relationships between AI technologies and CT.The results suggest that AI technologies can help to enhance learners’CT skills(n=13).However,excessive or inappropriate utilization of AI may hinder CT development(n=7).Moreover,the cultivation of CT skills has been shown to positively influence the effectiveness of AI utilization(n=4).This article represents the first literature review to delve into the reciprocal relationship between AI implementation and CT development within the education field,striving to illuminate the ways in which learners can enhance their higher-order thinking skills through more effective utilization of AI technologies.展开更多
Objectives This systematic review aimed to identify effective and cost-effective digital health interventions to improve self-management behaviors,blood pressure control,and cardiovascular risk reduction.Methods A sea...Objectives This systematic review aimed to identify effective and cost-effective digital health interventions to improve self-management behaviors,blood pressure control,and cardiovascular risk reduction.Methods A search for randomized and non-randomized control trials of digital health interventions among patients with uncontrolled hypertension was conducted from the databases of Embase,PubMed,Scopus,CINAHL,Web of Science,PsycINFO,Thai Journal Online(ThaiJO),the Faculty of Nursing Mahidol University(FON-MU)Nursing Research Database,and gray literature.After conducting the literature screening,the authors completed data extraction,and the risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute randomized controlled trial checklist and the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies.Results The study included 22 articles,comprising 30 to 4,118 patients with uncontrolled hypertension.This review classified and summarized the components of digital health interventions and their effects on hypertensive outcomes.It was found that the key elements of digital health interventions include health education,reminders,self-monitoring,feedback and consultation,and instrumental support.Moreover,approximately 81.81%(n=18)of the digital health interventions involved healthcare providers participating in feedback and consultation.Additionally,digital health interventions effectively improve hypertensive outcomes such as self-management behaviors,blood pressure control,and cardiovascular risk reduction,providing cost-effectiveness.Conclusion Based on the available literature,digital health interventions have been shown to effectively enhance behavioral,clinical,and economic outcomes for individuals with uncontrolled hypertension.Moreover,the combination of digital health interventions and healthcare providers’interventions can potentially help patients with uncontrolled hypertension improve adherence to self-management when compared to stand-alone digital health interventions.Digital health interventions to support self-management interventions should be developed for patients by healthcare providers.展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB0740100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42571540 and 42222110).
文摘With the rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence(AI)technologies,its applications have become increasingly widespread across various aspects of geography,offering unprecedented analytical capabilities across disciplinary boundaries.Despite this revolutionary potential,a comprehensive understanding of the current research landscape and development trajectory of AI in geographical sciences remains limited.To fill this gap,we conducted a large-scale systematic review based on 400,000 geographical publications published from 1990 to 2023.We utilized large language model(LLM)prompt engineering,topic modeling and other natural language processing techniques to analyze the publications.Our findings reveal that AI applications constitute 8.1% of geographical research,with publication volume having increased 20-fold over three decades.Both China and the United States have been the leading contributors to AI-driven geographical studies,together accounting for 62.78% of all publications in this field.Notably,more than half of the studies used traditional machine learning methods.Among the various geographical topics,remote sensing applications and spatial data analysis emerged as the most extensively explored areas using AI techniques,with image feature extraction being the topic with the deepest level of adoption and most significant ongoing impact of AI methods.This systematic review provides critical insights into the integration trajectory of AI within geographical sciences,establishing a foundation for identifying emerging research opportunities and enhancing our understanding of AI’s transformative role in advancing geographical knowledge.
文摘Objectives:Healthcare students experience significant stress due to their rigorous graduate school curricula.These levels of stress are associated with higher risks of depression,self-harm,and exhaustion.Coping interventions have been shown to help students develop healthy stress coping strategies.The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the diverse array of coping interventions and what characteristics of coping interventions were most effective at decreasing stress among healthcare students.Methods:Any intervention designed to address coping for academic stress was included among medical,dental,nursing,physician assistant,allied health,veterinary,psychology,etc.students.A comprehensive literature search was completed to include multiple databases,Ancestry,and hand-searching from EBSCO and Google Scholar articles.A final total of 17 studies were included.Standardized mean difference effect sizes(ES)were synthesized across studies using a random-effects model in the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software for changes in coping levels in healthcare students.Moderator analyses were performed to explore the study,intervention,and participants’characteristics.The risk of bias was assessed by RoB2 and ROBINS-I.Results:Coping interventions significantly reduced stress outcomes among healthcare students(d=0.74;95%CI[0.48–1.01],95%PI[−0.41–1.90],p<0.001,Q=228.49,I^(2)=93.0%,T=0.52,T^(2)=0.28,p<0.001).Moderator analysis showed that interventions with stress education,established professional guidance,and fewer hours led to better stress management outcomes.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that coping interventions produce an overall moderate-to-large effect on stress reduction.Future research investigating coping interventions on academic and long-term outcomes would be beneficial.
基金supported by grants from Collaborative Research Fund(Ref:C4032-21GF)General Research Grant(Ref:14114822)+1 种基金Group Research Scheme(Ref:3110146)Area of Excellence(Ref:Ao E/M-402/20)。
文摘Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pathological factor contributing to the progression of sarcopenia.However,the morphological and functional changes in mitochondria and their interplay in the degeneration of the neuromuscular junction during aging remain poorly understood.A defined systematic search of the Pub Med,Web of Science and Embase databases(last accessed on October 30,2024)was conducted with search terms including'mitochondria','aging'and'NMJ'.Clinical and preclinical studies of mitochondrial dysfunction and neuromuscular junction degeneration during aging.Twentyseven studies were included in this systematic review.This systematic review provides a summary of morphological,functional and biological changes in neuromuscular junction,mitochondrial morphology,biosynthesis,respiratory chain function,and mitophagy during aging.We focus on the interactions and mechanisms underlying the relationship between mitochondria and neuromuscular junctions during aging.Aging is characterized by significant reductions in mitochondrial fusion/fission cycles,biosynthesis,and mitochondrial quality control,which may lead to neuromuscular junction dysfunction,denervation and poor physical performance.Motor nerve terminals that exhibit redox sensitivity are among the first to exhibit abnormalities,ultimately leading to an early decline in muscle strength through impaired neuromuscular junction transmission function.Parg coactivator 1 alpha is a crucial molecule that regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and modulates various pathways,including the mitochondrial respiratory chain,energy deficiency,oxidative stress,and inflammation.Mitochondrial dysfunction is correlated with neuromuscular junction denervation and acetylcholine receptor fragmentation,resulting in muscle atrophy and a decrease in strength during aging.Physical therapy,pharmacotherapy,and gene therapy can alleviate the structural degeneration and functional deterioration of neuromuscular junction by restoring mitochondrial function.Therefore,mitochondria are considered potential targets for preserving neuromuscular junction morphology and function during aging to treat sarcopenia.
文摘Background:Assess ChatGPT and Bard's effectiveness in the initial identification of articles for Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery systematic literature reviews.Methods:Three PRISMA-based systematic reviews(Jabbour et al.2017,Wong et al.2018,and Wu et al.2021)were replicated using ChatGPTv3.5 and Bard.Outputs(author,title,publication year,and journal)were compared to the original references and cross-referenced with medical databases for authenticity and recall.Results:Several themes emerged when comparing Bard and ChatGPT across the three reviews.Bard generated more outputs and had greater recall in Wong et al.'s review,with a broader date range in Jabbour et al.'s review.In Wu et al.'s review,ChatGPT-2 had higher recall and identified more authentic outputs than Bard-2.Conclusion:Large language models(LLMs)failed to fully replicate peer-reviewed methodologies,producing outputs with inaccuracies but identifying relevant,especially recent,articles missed by the references.While human-led PRISMA-based reviews remain the gold standard,refining LLMs for literature reviews shows potential.
基金supported by the Fuxing Nursing Research Foundation of Fudan University[FNF202352].
文摘Objectives This review aimed to systematically synthesize the available research on the disclosure of diagnosis and related issues in childhood cancer from the perspectives of healthcare professionals,with the goal of informing the optimization of disclosure processes and meeting the communication needs of affected families.Methods In accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)methodology for mixed methods systematic reviews,the convergent segregated approach was used in this review.Articles were retrieved from 11 databases,including PubMed,Web of Science,CINAHL,CENTRAL,Embase,Ovid/Medline,PsycINFO,PsycArticles,Scopus,ERIC,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).The quality of the selected articles was assessed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool(MMAT).The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO(CRD42024542746).Results A total of 21 studies from 10 countries were included.Their methodological quality was generally medium to high,with MMAT scores ranging from 60%to 100%.The synthesis yielded three core themes:1)the spectrum of professional and societal attitudes toward disclosure;2)the dynamic practices of navigating disclosure amid uncertainty,including timing and environment,stakeholders,and content of disclosure;and 3)factors influencing disclosure,including children’s,parental,healthcare professionals’,and socio-cultural factors.Conclusions This review synthesized the perspectives and experiences of healthcare professionals regarding disclosure in childhood cancer,highlighting the complexity and multidimensional nature of this process in clinical practice.Future research should further investigate the experiences and needs of children and their parents,explore cultural variations in disclosure practices,develop context-appropriate assessment tools,and construct multidimensional intervention strategies to enhance the humanistic care and professional effectiveness of the disclosure process.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82402789Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Youcai Plan,No.KYYC202402+1 种基金Beijing Jishuitan Research Funding,No.HL202402and Beijing Natural Science Foundation,No.L232062,No.L222063.
文摘BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different factors.AIM To investigate the key determinants of aseptic loosening,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library was conducted,encompassing studies from database inception to January 1,2025.Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with aseptic loosening following pTHA.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were systematically applied at each stage to ensure methodological transparency and reproducibility.Study quality was assessed using standardized categories.Pooled odds ratio(OR)with corresponding 95%confidence interval were calculated with random-or fixed-effects models to generate reliability estimates,and study heterogeneity was visualized using forest plots.Ten factors,categorized into patient-,surgeon-,and device-related domains,were reviewed and meta-analyzed.Funnel plot analysis demonstrated a relatively symmetrical distribution,suggesting minimal publication bias.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 20 studies(520789 participants)found a pooled prevalence of 1.96%.Significant risk factors for aseptic loosening after pTHA included elevated body mass index(OR=1.116,P<0.001),higher Charlson comorbidity index(OR=1.378,P<0.001),prosthesis-related factors(OR=1.497,P<0.001),and adverse lifestyles(OR=2.198,P=0.037).Protective factors were non-white race(OR=0.445,P<0.001)and favorable genetics(OR=0.723,P<0.001).Male sex increased risk(OR=1.232,P=0.016),while age and anatomy were not significant.Surgical expertise showed a slight protective effect(OR=1.048,P<0.001).A comprehensive understanding of the modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to aseptic loosening after pTHA requires consideration of patient-related factors,surgical expertise,and prosthesis characteristics.CONCLUSION The identification of these factors is critical for risk mitigation.High-risk patients should receive targeted counseling regarding individualized profiles.Further studies are warranted to establish clearer causal relationships and identify additional contributing factors.
文摘Objectives:Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade(ICB)has become a key treatment for melanoma.However,the increasing number of cases of melanoma resistant to immunotherapy highlights the need to develop methods to overcome this resistance.This study aims to collect the most recent information on melanoma immunotherapy,discuss potential strategies to overcome resistance to immunotherapy,and identify areas that require further analysis.Methods:To achieve this goal,scientific publications from 2021-2024 available in PubMed and Google Scholar databases were analyzed.The databases were searched using the following terms:“melanoma”,“immunotherapy”,“Immune Checkpoint Blockade”,and“immunoresistance”.Results:The results of preclinical and early-stage clinical research indicate the potential application of tank-binding kinase 1(TBK-1),fecal microbiota transplant(FMT),Toll-like Receptor 9(TLR9),lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)containing a stimulator of an interferon gene agonist(STING),BRAF inhibitors,Lymphocyte Activation Gene(LAG-3),T-Cell Immunoglobulin and ITIM Domain(TIGIT),and oncolytic viruses(OVs)as potential methods to enhance melanoma sensitivity to ICB.Discussion:To optimize immunotherapy,further research is needed to determine the detailed mechanisms of action,safety profiles,tolerability,and precise patient selection criteria for methods capable of overcoming melanoma’s immunoresistance.
文摘Objective:Current research highlights periodontal disease as a systemic inflammatory condition that may influence extra-oral diseases such as prostatic diseases,which prompted us to explore the potential association.To evaluate whether periodontal disease is associated with an increased risk of prostatic disease,including prostate cancer,benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH),and prostatitis.Methods:A systematic search of observational studies concerning the relationship between periodontal disease and prostatic disease was performed in online databases PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,CENTRAL,CNKI,and WanFang.Searches were conducted from database inception to 31 July 2025.Pooled hazard ratio(HR)or odds ratio(OR)with 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were synthesized.Subgroup analysis was used to detect the origin of heterogeneity,sensitivity analysis was employed to evaluate the robustness of the results,and publication bias analyses were also performed.R software was used to perform statistical analyses.Results:Sixteen studies that met the preset criteria were included in this study.In the pooled analysis,periodontal disease was associated with increased risk of prostate cancer(HR=1.23,95%CI:1.16-1.29,p<0.001)or BPH(OR=1.55,95%CI:1.41-1.70,p<0.001).Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the results.No obvious publication biaswas found in the meta-analysis.Only one cohort study reported that chronic periodontitis increases the risk of prostatitis(HR=2.521,95%CI:1.685-4.005,p<0.001).The effect of periodontal treatment on prostatic disease is still unclear.Conclusions:The systematic review and meta-analysis identified an observational association between periodontal disease and increased risks of prostate cancer and BPH.Because all included studies were observational,these results indicate association rather than causation,and further prospective and mechanistic studies are required to clarify temporality and causality.
文摘We read with great interest Deng et al.’s study 1 comparing sextant(6-core)and 12-core systematic biopsy in theMRI-targeted era,which valuably challenges the“more cores=higher accuracy”dogma by proposing a precision sampling strategy based on prostate cancer’s spatial distribution,aligning with personalized diagnosis trends.
基金supported by FCT/MCTES UIDP/05608/2020(https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDP/05608/2020)UIDB/05608/2020(https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/05608/2020).
文摘Background:The Colorectal Cancer(CRC)pathogenesis and therapeutic efficacy are influenced by the gut microbiome,making it a promising biomarker for predicting treatment responses and adverse effects.This systematic review aims to outline the gut microbiome composition in individuals with CRC undergoing the same therapeutic regimen and evaluate interindividual microbiome profile variations to better understand how these differences may influence therapeutic outcomes.Methods:Key studies investigating the microbiome’s role in therapeutic approaches for CRC were searched in both PubMed and Cochrane databases on 12 and 22 March 2025,respectively.Eligible studies included free full-text English-language randomized clinical trials and human observational studies reporting on gut microbiome composition and treatment outcomes.RoB 2 and ROBINS-I were employed in the evaluation of bias for randomized trials and observational studies,respectively.Data extracted was narratively analyzed.Results:Six studies involving a total of 361 individuals were included.Therapeutic interventions,either standard treatments and/or those targeting the gut microbiome,generally increased probiotic taxa and reduced pro-carcinogenic bacteria.However,no consistent pattern of improved clinical outcomes was observed,suggesting that treatment mechanisms,the tumor’s nature,and individual characteristics play critical roles in microbiome modulation.Conclusion:The gut microbiome holds significant potential in clinical settings.Nonetheless,further research is needed to better understand its functional aspects and to consider the influence of treatment mechanisms,the tumor’s nature,and individual characteristics as modulators,in order to optimize clinical outcomes.
文摘Background:Artificial intelligence(AI)-assisted threedimensional(3D)surgical platforms,integrated with augmented reality,have the potential to improve intraoperative anatomical recognition and provide surgeons with an immersive,dynamic operating environment during urooncological procedures.This review aims to examine the current applications of AI in robotic uro-oncology,with a particular focus on its role in facilitating intraoperative navigation during complex surgeries.Methods:A systematic literature search was performed across PubMed,the National Library of Medicine,MEDLINE,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL),ClinicalTrials.gov,and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published up to July 2025.The search strategy incorporated a predefined set of keywords,including AI,machine learning,radical prostatectomy(RP),robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP),robotassisted partial nephrectomy(RAPN),and robot-assisted radical cystectomy(RARC).Only clinical trials,full-text peer-reviewed publications,and original research articles were included.Studies were eligible for inclusion if they evaluated or described applications of AI in RARP,RAPN,or RARC.Results:Technological advancements have substantially transformed the field of uro-oncologic surgery.In particular,AI and AI-assisted intraoperative navigation in RARP demonstrate considerable potential to objectively assess surgical performance and predict clinical outcomes.In RAPN,the adoption of preoperative,interactive 3D virtualmodels for surgical planning has influenced surgical decisions,thus,enhanced precision in resection planning correlates with superior nephron-sparing outcomes and optimized selective clamping.AI applications in RARC,techniques such as augmented reality(AR)can overlay critical information on the surgical field,by facilitating navigation through complex anatomical planes and enhancing identification of critical structures.Conclusion:AI appears to enhance robotic uro-oncologic procedures by increasing operative precision and supporting individualised surgical treatment strategies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82174496(to NW),82374574(to NW),82302865(to LL)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Sailing Program,Nos.23YF1403800(to LL),23YF1405200(to YX)Shanghai Hospital Development Center Foundation-Shanghai Municipal Hospital Rehabilitation Medicine Specialty Alliance,No.SHDC22023304(to YW).
文摘Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,and electroacupuncture has a long history of use in stroke treatment.This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of electroacupuncture and explore its potential mechanisms in animal models of ischemic stroke.The PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,CENTRAL,and CINAHL databases were comprehensively searched up to May 1,2024.This review included articles on preclinical investigations of the efficacy and mechanisms of electroacupuncture in treating ischemic stroke.Data from 70 eligible studies were analyzed in Stata 18.0,using a random-effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference(Hedge’s g).The risk of bias was assessed using RevMan 5.4 software,and the quality of evidence was rated according to the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)system.Subgroup analyses were conducted to test the consistency of the results and sensitivity analyses were used to assess their robustness.The quality assessment revealed that most studies adequately handled incomplete data and selective reporting.However,several methodological limitations were identified:only 4 studies demonstrated a low risk of allocation concealment,26 achieved a low risk of outcome assessment bias,and 9 had a high risk of randomization bias.Additionally,there was an unclear risk regarding participant blinding and other methodological aspects.The GRADE assessment rated 12 outcomes as moderate quality and 6 as low quality.The mechanisms of electroacupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke can be categorized as five primary pathways:(1)Electroacupuncture significantly reduced infarct volume and apoptotic cell death(P<0.01)in ischemic stroke models;(2)electroacupuncture significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory factors(P<0.01)while increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory factors(P=0.02);(3)electroacupuncture reduced the levels of oxidative stress indicators(P<0.01)and enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzymes(P<0.01);(4)electroacupuncture significantly promoted nerve regeneration(P<0.01);and(5)electroacupuncture influenced blood flow remodeling(P<0.01)and angiogenesis(P<0.01).Subgroup analyses indicated that electroacupuncture was most effective in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model(P<0.01)and in post-middle cerebral artery occlusion intervention(P<0.01).Dispersive waves were found to outperform continuous waves with respect to neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory effects(P<0.01),while scalp acupoints demonstrated greater efficacy than body acupoints(P<0.01).The heterogeneity among the included studies was minimal,and sensitivity analyses indicated stable results.Their methodological quality was generally satisfactory.In conclusion,electroacupuncture is effective in treating cerebral ischemia by modulating cell apoptosis,oxidative stress,inflammation,stroke-induced nerve regeneration,blood flow remodeling,and angiogenesis.The efficacy of electroacupuncture may be influenced by factors such as the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,the timing of intervention onset,waveform,and acupoint selection.Despite the moderate to low quality of evidence,these findings suggest that electroacupuncture has clinical potential for improving outcomes in ischemic stroke.
文摘Background:While the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma(mRCC)is evolving due to immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs),optimal strategies for later lines of therapy have yet to be defined.The combination of lenvatinib and everolimus represents a viable option,and the present review aimed to summarize its activity,effectiveness,and safety.Methods:A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed,targeting studies published between 2018 and 2025.Eligible studies included English-language prospective and retrospective trials reporting survival outcomes in mRCC patients treated with lenvatinib and everolimus after at least one ICI-containing regimen.Results:Nine studies met the inclusion criteria,encompassing a total of 441 patients.The lenvatinib and everolimus combination was primarily used in the third and subsequent lines of therapy.Median overall survival ranged from 7.5 to 24.5 months,while median progression-free survival was more consistent,between 6.1 and 6.7 months,except for one study reporting 12.9 months.Objective response rates varied widely(14.0%–55.7%).Adverse events of grade≥3 did not exceed the expected rate,with diarrhoea and proteinuria as the most reported events.Dose reductions and treatment discontinuations due to toxicity occurred but were generally lower than in prior pivotal trials.Conclusions:Real-world evidence suggests that lenvatinib and everolimus represent an effective and safe option after ICI failure in mRCC patients.Nevertheless,the lack of randomized phase III trials and the heterogeneity of existing studies highlight the need for more robust prospective research to guide post-ICI therapeutic strategies.
基金supported by FCT/MCTES UIDP/05608/2020(https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDP/05608/2020,accessed on 01 July 2025)UIDB/05608/2020(https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/05608/2020,accessed on 01 July 2025).Institutional.
文摘Objectives:Colorectal cancer(CRC)is a major global health burden,and Urolithin A(Uro-A)has emerged as a promising anticancer agent.This systematic review aims to synthesize current in vitro evidence on the anticancer effects of Uro-A in CRC,highlighting effective concentration ranges,exposure times,relevant outcomes,and underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods:Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines,a systematic search was conducted in PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science using the following strategy:(colorectal cancer)AND(urolithin a)OR(3,8-dihydroxy-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one).Eligibility criteria were defined by the PICO framework:(P)in vitro CRC cell models;(I)Uro-A alone or combined treatments;(C)No intervention,vehicle or other treatments;(O)Relevant anticancer outcomes of Uro-A in CRC.Only original,full-text,in vitro studies in English were included.Risk of bias was assessed using ToxRTool.A qualitative synthesis was performed due to the heterogeneity of the included studies.Results:Fifteen studies met inclusion criteria,involving CRC cell lines(Caco-2,HCT-116,HT-29,SW480,SW620)and normal colon fibroblasts(CCD18-Co).Uro-A inhibited CRC cell proliferation,clonogenic growth,cancer stem cells properties,migration,and invasion,and induced cell cycle arrest,apoptosis,autophagy,and senescence,through modulation of key signaling pathways and proteins.Co-treatments with conventional chemotherapeutics and microbiota-derived metabolites showed additive or synergistic effects.Discussion:The findings support UroA’s potential as a preventive or adjuvant agent in CRC treatment.However,preclinical nature of the evidence and methodological heterogeneity hinder clinical extrapolation to in vivo contexts.Human clinical trials are necessary to overcome these limitations.Other:This review was registered in PROSPERO(CRD420251070874)and supported by FCT/MCTES UIDP/05608/2020 and UIDB/05608/2020.Institutional.
文摘Systematization for the maintenance of buildings enables their supporting system to be more practical than before. This study aims to make the maintenance and the long-term repairs for the buildings to be easier. In Japan, 30-40-year-old buildings seem to have been planned and built with little thought about their future maintenances, which have made them very difficult to be repaired on a large scale. This is why effective management systems about dealing with the data should be strongly suggested. Since the Building Standard Law was amended on April 1, 2008, in Japan, the regular investigation and report for particular buildings are legally obligated every three years, thus a variety of useful data can be obtained through Kitakyushu City cases as well as former data personally obtained. With those data used usefully, systematization for the maintenance of the buildings will produce satisfactory results by building up a connection between those data and the long-term repair planning.
基金The authors would like to thank the Beijing University of Chinese Medicine for providing the necessary facilities and funding this project(2180071720034).
文摘All knowledge fields are founded on universal epistemologies and philosophies.This is evident in ancient Traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic(Siddha)medical systems,which are integrated into national health systems of China and India respectively.African natural medicines(ANMs)are not part of national health systems on the African continent because of a lack of systematization frameworks.This article explores classical medical systems drawn from ancient African and Chinese cosmologies.A qualitative research methodology was used to conduct in-depth interviews with 20 respondents selected using a purposeful sampling technique.The data were summarized into systematization frameworks for disease theories,etiology and pathogenesis,diagnosis and prognosis,and treatment including medicines and disease classification.The study findings revealed that in antiquity,Africa had systematic medical cosmologies,remnants of which are evident in current cultural health practices.Therefore,parallels can be drawn in relation to Chinese Taoist and Indian Tantric healing arts.Ancient Africans recognized Ra or iSithunzi(uMbhilini),which correspond to qi or prana and refer to energetic life force in Asian cultures.Shu and Tefnut(Nkomo weLwandle and Dungha Manzi)correspond to yin and yang or purusha and prakriti,the natural principles of polarised duality.The jing or oojas(physiological essences)and wu xing or pancha tattvas(five ele-ments and modes of nature)and their relationships with the zang and fu(five vital organs and visceral organs,respectively)also found their application in African medical cosmologies.The data revealed that ancient and contemporary ANM systems are based on the concept of con-sciousness(saa or ntu)and life force energy,ra.These cosmological concepts are predicated upon the Paut Neteru or Amathogo(archetypal forces)that prescribe properties to everything.On this basis,an African-Kemetic Health Preservation Theory was developed,which gives rise to African theories for disease etiology,pathogenesis,differential diagnoses,comprehensive prognosis,and holistic treatment regimens.In addition,we developed an uBu-Ntu bio-innovation model for integral research,inclusive innova-tion,local technology transfer,holistic enterprising,and conscious commercialization of African natural medicines.It is the intention of the authors to influence policy in the implementation of these theories,models,and frameworks for clinical application and socio-economic development.
文摘Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention and treatment.Methods:All studies were searched in online databases and grey literature,including PubMed(Medline),Web of Science,CINAHL,Scopus,IEEE Xplore Digital Library,Journal of Medical Internet Research(JMIR),MedNar,EBSco Open Dissertations.The search period is from inception to June 2023,and the languages are Finnish,English and Swedish.The research quality was evaluated using the web-based data management system Covidence for prevalence studies.The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO(registration number:CRD42021247595).Results:In this review,4,407 studies were screened,and 22 were included.These involved 3,433 participants and 264 child-parent pairs.The digital approaches included multicomponent elements like internet platforms,text messaging,video conferencing,online communities,wearable technology,and mobile apps,allowing one-way,two-way,and face-to-face interactions.Two studies showed statistically significant effects of treatment on BMI and waist-to-hip ratio.Most interventions reported positive outcomes,with no significant differences between groups,and none showed null effects during followup.Conclusions:Digital multicomponents like mobile apps and wearables can help obese children and adolescents adopt healthier lifestyles.While these interventions show promise for obesity management,further research is needed to assess their effectiveness,particularly regarding nurses'perspectives.
文摘The design philosophy based on the working process systematization, the feature of practice teaching is analyzed the principles of practice teaching quality evaluation system are summed up. The evaluation system based on working process systematization of the practice teaching quality is established, the management of quality evaluation system and the project of the monitoring are put forward.
基金funded by Macao Polytechnic University grant number RP/FCA-08-2023.
文摘The advancement of Artificial Intelligence(AI)has garnered significant attention within the academic research community,reflecting the prevailing zeitgeist.However,there is a paucity of literature that has delved into its connection with the higher order thinking skills of human beings.The purpose of this systematic review is to investigate the relationship between AI utilization and the development of critical thinking(CT)in the field of education.A systematic literature search was performed in two databases,Web of Science and Scopus,with a focus on empirical studies related to AI and CT.The review process followed the PRISMA framework and adopted a bottom-up approach,Ultimately,the integrated review synthesized 21 eligible studies from a total of 649 articles.The systematic review identified three relationships between AI technologies and CT.The results suggest that AI technologies can help to enhance learners’CT skills(n=13).However,excessive or inappropriate utilization of AI may hinder CT development(n=7).Moreover,the cultivation of CT skills has been shown to positively influence the effectiveness of AI utilization(n=4).This article represents the first literature review to delve into the reciprocal relationship between AI implementation and CT development within the education field,striving to illuminate the ways in which learners can enhance their higher-order thinking skills through more effective utilization of AI technologies.
基金the support provided by the 2D43 TW009883 D43 Post-Doctoral Program at the School of Nursing,University of Michigan,USA。
文摘Objectives This systematic review aimed to identify effective and cost-effective digital health interventions to improve self-management behaviors,blood pressure control,and cardiovascular risk reduction.Methods A search for randomized and non-randomized control trials of digital health interventions among patients with uncontrolled hypertension was conducted from the databases of Embase,PubMed,Scopus,CINAHL,Web of Science,PsycINFO,Thai Journal Online(ThaiJO),the Faculty of Nursing Mahidol University(FON-MU)Nursing Research Database,and gray literature.After conducting the literature screening,the authors completed data extraction,and the risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute randomized controlled trial checklist and the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies.Results The study included 22 articles,comprising 30 to 4,118 patients with uncontrolled hypertension.This review classified and summarized the components of digital health interventions and their effects on hypertensive outcomes.It was found that the key elements of digital health interventions include health education,reminders,self-monitoring,feedback and consultation,and instrumental support.Moreover,approximately 81.81%(n=18)of the digital health interventions involved healthcare providers participating in feedback and consultation.Additionally,digital health interventions effectively improve hypertensive outcomes such as self-management behaviors,blood pressure control,and cardiovascular risk reduction,providing cost-effectiveness.Conclusion Based on the available literature,digital health interventions have been shown to effectively enhance behavioral,clinical,and economic outcomes for individuals with uncontrolled hypertension.Moreover,the combination of digital health interventions and healthcare providers’interventions can potentially help patients with uncontrolled hypertension improve adherence to self-management when compared to stand-alone digital health interventions.Digital health interventions to support self-management interventions should be developed for patients by healthcare providers.
