This paper discusses the engagement of modern Western medicine in the development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)during the 1950s,specifically in its efforts on and research in modernizing TCM.Through complementi...This paper discusses the engagement of modern Western medicine in the development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)during the 1950s,specifically in its efforts on and research in modernizing TCM.Through complementing the studies of the 1950s with data and cases that have not been well studied in the previous publications,the author argues that modern Western medicine played an active and instrumental role in modernizing and scientizing TCM in the 1950s.TCM obtained attention not as merely a national treasure but underwent fast development of modernization in the 1950s.In modernizing TCM,Western medicine was not a bystander but served as an active partner.The professionals of Western medicine made good use of their strength in scientific studies in the development of TCM.Though scientization is part of modernization,the paper points out the scientific research by providing cases in the TCM research boom and discusses the significance.The scientific research not only linked TCM with modern scientific concepts and research methodology,but also expanded the research scope of the Western medicine,leading to breakthroughs in TCM medicines in the 1960s–1970s and to building the landscape of medicine in China.展开更多
1 Introduction The history of medicine in modern China has frequently been framed through a lens of“Westernization”,in which traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is portrayed as grad-ually yielding to modern Western med...1 Introduction The history of medicine in modern China has frequently been framed through a lens of“Westernization”,in which traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is portrayed as grad-ually yielding to modern Western medicine.Such a binary framework,however,oversimplifies the intricate realities of medical encounters in China.展开更多
Modern Western translation theories have exerted a great influence upon the Chinese translation fields. The author of the present paper believes that science has no boundaries and nationality. It is advisable and nece...Modern Western translation theories have exerted a great influence upon the Chinese translation fields. The author of the present paper believes that science has no boundaries and nationality. It is advisable and necessary to learn and absorb what we do not know and then make the best use of the knowledge. The author tries to analyze what the western translation theories have brought to us, the advantages and disadvantage of them, and finally put forward the possible attitude we may take to the western translation theories.展开更多
Interpreting is one of the studies that is in the phase of its theoretical bottleneck. The difficulty comes from the lack of a possible holistic understanding of the phenomenon of interpreting, not to mention the mirr...Interpreting is one of the studies that is in the phase of its theoretical bottleneck. The difficulty comes from the lack of a possible holistic understanding of the phenomenon of interpreting, not to mention the mirror image of interpreting. Different linguistic studies could do nothing since nowadays their respective studies are mostly suffering their own research bottlenecks. Furthermore, it is impossible for individual linguistic studies to elaborate on the complicated interpreting practice. The only possible mirror is Modem Western Philosophy, which can present the image of interpreting. Such a mirror image is by no means possible without the full-fledged development of language study, and in particular, the uncovering of human understanding, in Modem Western Philosophy.展开更多
From a theoretical point of view,modernisation is a holistic social change involving all aspects and a long-term dynamic process of social development,which is a common characteristic of modernisation.Therefore,the ca...From a theoretical point of view,modernisation is a holistic social change involving all aspects and a long-term dynamic process of social development,which is a common characteristic of modernisation.Therefore,the cause of modernisation needs a strong leading core to integrate all forces,otherwise all fields of society may face an undesirable situation of mutual fragmentation and respective dominance in the process of social development,which will cause a fault in the strategy of social modernisation and trigger social conflicts.Western modernisation is a capital-led modernisation,a modernisation governed by modern rationality and the logic of capital,and its development is bound to be accompanied by a corresponding crisis of modernity.On the basis of the common features of modernisation,China has explored a modernisation framework different from that of the West in terms of the positioning of modernisation,leadership authority,value goals,development dynamics and paradigm of world interaction,so as to pull developing countries out of the swamp of"one-dimensional modernisation",and to eliminate the"myths"created by developing countries about Western modernisation.It has taken developing countries out of the swamp of"one-dimensional modernisation",broken the superstitions of developing countries about the"myth"created by Western modernisation,and enriched the development paths taken by developing countries in the world with the theoretical and practical paradigms of diversified modernisation based on their own national conditions,thus creating a new form of human civilisation and a brand-new choice for the modernisation of the human society.展开更多
文摘This paper discusses the engagement of modern Western medicine in the development of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)during the 1950s,specifically in its efforts on and research in modernizing TCM.Through complementing the studies of the 1950s with data and cases that have not been well studied in the previous publications,the author argues that modern Western medicine played an active and instrumental role in modernizing and scientizing TCM in the 1950s.TCM obtained attention not as merely a national treasure but underwent fast development of modernization in the 1950s.In modernizing TCM,Western medicine was not a bystander but served as an active partner.The professionals of Western medicine made good use of their strength in scientific studies in the development of TCM.Though scientization is part of modernization,the paper points out the scientific research by providing cases in the TCM research boom and discusses the significance.The scientific research not only linked TCM with modern scientific concepts and research methodology,but also expanded the research scope of the Western medicine,leading to breakthroughs in TCM medicines in the 1960s–1970s and to building the landscape of medicine in China.
文摘1 Introduction The history of medicine in modern China has frequently been framed through a lens of“Westernization”,in which traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is portrayed as grad-ually yielding to modern Western medicine.Such a binary framework,however,oversimplifies the intricate realities of medical encounters in China.
文摘Modern Western translation theories have exerted a great influence upon the Chinese translation fields. The author of the present paper believes that science has no boundaries and nationality. It is advisable and necessary to learn and absorb what we do not know and then make the best use of the knowledge. The author tries to analyze what the western translation theories have brought to us, the advantages and disadvantage of them, and finally put forward the possible attitude we may take to the western translation theories.
文摘Interpreting is one of the studies that is in the phase of its theoretical bottleneck. The difficulty comes from the lack of a possible holistic understanding of the phenomenon of interpreting, not to mention the mirror image of interpreting. Different linguistic studies could do nothing since nowadays their respective studies are mostly suffering their own research bottlenecks. Furthermore, it is impossible for individual linguistic studies to elaborate on the complicated interpreting practice. The only possible mirror is Modem Western Philosophy, which can present the image of interpreting. Such a mirror image is by no means possible without the full-fledged development of language study, and in particular, the uncovering of human understanding, in Modem Western Philosophy.
文摘From a theoretical point of view,modernisation is a holistic social change involving all aspects and a long-term dynamic process of social development,which is a common characteristic of modernisation.Therefore,the cause of modernisation needs a strong leading core to integrate all forces,otherwise all fields of society may face an undesirable situation of mutual fragmentation and respective dominance in the process of social development,which will cause a fault in the strategy of social modernisation and trigger social conflicts.Western modernisation is a capital-led modernisation,a modernisation governed by modern rationality and the logic of capital,and its development is bound to be accompanied by a corresponding crisis of modernity.On the basis of the common features of modernisation,China has explored a modernisation framework different from that of the West in terms of the positioning of modernisation,leadership authority,value goals,development dynamics and paradigm of world interaction,so as to pull developing countries out of the swamp of"one-dimensional modernisation",and to eliminate the"myths"created by developing countries about Western modernisation.It has taken developing countries out of the swamp of"one-dimensional modernisation",broken the superstitions of developing countries about the"myth"created by Western modernisation,and enriched the development paths taken by developing countries in the world with the theoretical and practical paradigms of diversified modernisation based on their own national conditions,thus creating a new form of human civilisation and a brand-new choice for the modernisation of the human society.
