The Western Development Strategy(WDS)is a key aspect of China’s coordinated regional development strategy and effort to build a modern country.The world is undergoing profound changes that have not been witnessed in ...The Western Development Strategy(WDS)is a key aspect of China’s coordinated regional development strategy and effort to build a modern country.The world is undergoing profound changes that have not been witnessed in a century.This paper discusses the WDS’s importance in regards to China’s modernization drive and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.First,this paper identifies the WDS’s mission to improve people’s livelihood in China’s western regions,promote common prosperity for the Eurasian continent,and support the green transition of China’s and Eurasian energy economic and environmental systems,and safeguard ecological security in Asia at large.Second,this paper suggests that the key to the WDS is to reshape the geographical layout of economic activity in the western regions to avoid inefficiency.Specifically,China should develop a compact geographical layout of economic activity in the western regions,introduce a unique competition strategy,as well as find solutions for coordinated regional development based on key river basins.Finally,develop smart internet and inland free ports within the western regions.展开更多
Since the implementation of the Development of Western Regions in 2000,a series of major ecological construction projects have been implemented,leading to a series of changes in the ecological conditions and ecologica...Since the implementation of the Development of Western Regions in 2000,a series of major ecological construction projects have been implemented,leading to a series of changes in the ecological conditions and ecological services of western China.This study calculated the amount of ecosystem services in total in the western region from 2000 to 2019,and analyzed ecological changes and the characteristics of spatio-temporal variations in ecological services.A relevant analysis method was applied to explore the tradeoff and synergy of service.It was found that the area of settlements and wetland ecosystems in the western region increased significantly from 2000 to 2015,whereas grassland showed a downward trend year by year.The vegetation fraction showed a decreasing belt-like distribution from south to north.It showed a fluctuating increase during 2000 to 2019,with inter-annual and large spatial differences.The water conservation service(WCS)had a slight downward trend from 2000 to 2019,and the main decreasing areas were distributed in southeastern Tibet,the western part of the Three Rivers Source region,and the karst rocky desertification area.The soil conservation service(SCS)showed an increasing but fluctuating trend,with the greatest increases observed in the Loess Plateau region,western Sichuan and Yunnan,northwest Tibet,and southeast Tibet.The windbreak and sand fixation service(SFS)showed a downward trend,and the sharp decline was mainly in the central and western parts of Inner Mongolia,Tibet and parts of northern Xinjiang.Ecosystem supply and WCS,and SCS were mainly synergistic,which were found in areas north of the Qinling Mountains-Huaihe River(QM-HR)line,especially in Ningxia and Inner Mongolia.Ecosystem supply was mainly tradeoffs with SFS,and it was found in the agriculture-pastoral transition zone.The synergistic degree of ecosystem services in areas subjected to ecological engineering policy was greater than that in non-engineering areas.Quantitative assessment of ecosystem service changes and their tradeoffs is helpful for scientific ecological management and maximizing ecological benefits.展开更多
文摘The Western Development Strategy(WDS)is a key aspect of China’s coordinated regional development strategy and effort to build a modern country.The world is undergoing profound changes that have not been witnessed in a century.This paper discusses the WDS’s importance in regards to China’s modernization drive and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.First,this paper identifies the WDS’s mission to improve people’s livelihood in China’s western regions,promote common prosperity for the Eurasian continent,and support the green transition of China’s and Eurasian energy economic and environmental systems,and safeguard ecological security in Asia at large.Second,this paper suggests that the key to the WDS is to reshape the geographical layout of economic activity in the western regions to avoid inefficiency.Specifically,China should develop a compact geographical layout of economic activity in the western regions,introduce a unique competition strategy,as well as find solutions for coordinated regional development based on key river basins.Finally,develop smart internet and inland free ports within the western regions.
基金Strategic Priority Science and Technology Special Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences,No.XDA23100203National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2017YFC0506501。
文摘Since the implementation of the Development of Western Regions in 2000,a series of major ecological construction projects have been implemented,leading to a series of changes in the ecological conditions and ecological services of western China.This study calculated the amount of ecosystem services in total in the western region from 2000 to 2019,and analyzed ecological changes and the characteristics of spatio-temporal variations in ecological services.A relevant analysis method was applied to explore the tradeoff and synergy of service.It was found that the area of settlements and wetland ecosystems in the western region increased significantly from 2000 to 2015,whereas grassland showed a downward trend year by year.The vegetation fraction showed a decreasing belt-like distribution from south to north.It showed a fluctuating increase during 2000 to 2019,with inter-annual and large spatial differences.The water conservation service(WCS)had a slight downward trend from 2000 to 2019,and the main decreasing areas were distributed in southeastern Tibet,the western part of the Three Rivers Source region,and the karst rocky desertification area.The soil conservation service(SCS)showed an increasing but fluctuating trend,with the greatest increases observed in the Loess Plateau region,western Sichuan and Yunnan,northwest Tibet,and southeast Tibet.The windbreak and sand fixation service(SFS)showed a downward trend,and the sharp decline was mainly in the central and western parts of Inner Mongolia,Tibet and parts of northern Xinjiang.Ecosystem supply and WCS,and SCS were mainly synergistic,which were found in areas north of the Qinling Mountains-Huaihe River(QM-HR)line,especially in Ningxia and Inner Mongolia.Ecosystem supply was mainly tradeoffs with SFS,and it was found in the agriculture-pastoral transition zone.The synergistic degree of ecosystem services in areas subjected to ecological engineering policy was greater than that in non-engineering areas.Quantitative assessment of ecosystem service changes and their tradeoffs is helpful for scientific ecological management and maximizing ecological benefits.
