Phosphorus （P） is one of the most widely occurring nutrients for development and growth of wheat. In this study, the effects of P application amount on grain yield, protein content, and phosphorus use efficiency （...Phosphorus （P） is one of the most widely occurring nutrients for development and growth of wheat. In this study, the effects of P application amount on grain yield, protein content, and phosphorus use efficiency （PUE） were studied by agronomic management of P fertilizer on spring weak-gluten wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） grown under field conditions for 2 yr. The experiments were performed at five levels of P205 application amount, including 0, 72, 108, 144, and 180 kg ha-1. As a result, with increase in P fertilizer, grain yield, and P agricultural efficiency （AEp） increased in a quadratic equitation, but partial factor productivity of P （PFPp） decreased in a logarithmic eq. When 108 kg ha-1 P2Os was applied, the grain yield reached the highest level, but the protein content in gain was lower than 11.5%, a threshold for the protein content to evaluate weak-gluten wheat suitable for production of cake and biscuit. Yangmai 13 and Ningmai 9 could tolerate to higher P level of soils than Yangmai 9 that had more loss in grain yield when P fertilizer was over-applied. AEp had a concomitant relationship with grain yield and was a better descriptor for P use efficiency in the wheat. A high P use efficiency resulted in leaf area index （LAI）, increased chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate, and stable acid phophatase （APase） activity to accumulate more dry matter after anthesis, which explained that the optimum P fertilizer increased grain yield and improved grain quality of weak-gluten wheat.展开更多
探究氮肥和钾肥运筹对弱筋小麦产量、品质的影响,为弱筋小麦优质高产提供理论依据。于2022—2024年小麦生长季,以白湖麦1号和皖西麦0638为试验材料,设置4个施氮水平N0(0 kg hm^(-2))、N10(150 kg hm^(-2))、N12(180kg hm^(-2))、N14(210...探究氮肥和钾肥运筹对弱筋小麦产量、品质的影响,为弱筋小麦优质高产提供理论依据。于2022—2024年小麦生长季,以白湖麦1号和皖西麦0638为试验材料,设置4个施氮水平N0(0 kg hm^(-2))、N10(150 kg hm^(-2))、N12(180kg hm^(-2))、N14(210 kg hm^(-2)),3个施氮基追比F1(8︰2)、F2(7︰3)、F3(6︰4);钾肥150 kg hm^(-2),分为一次性基施(K1)和基追比5︰5(K2)2个处理,研究了对弱筋小麦茎蘖动态、干物质积累与转运、氮素积累、产量及其构成要素、籽粒蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量的影响。结果表明:氮肥与钾肥运筹显著影响弱筋小麦的生长发育,小麦茎蘖动态、干物质积累与转运、植株氮素积累均随施氮量和追氮比例的增加而增加,相同施氮量和追氮比例下,钾肥追施较一次性基施的茎蘖数、干物质积累量更高,且施氮量、追氮比例和钾肥追施处理对弱筋小麦千粒重、穗粒数、穗数及其产量的影响也显著,随施氮量和追氮比例的增加而增加,在相同施氮量和追氮比例下,钾肥追施较一次性基施的小麦千粒重、穗粒数、穗数及产量更高,而弱筋小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量也随施氮量和追氮比例的增加而增加。在符合国家优质弱筋小麦标准的施肥模式中,N12K2F2处理较N12K1F2处理的开花期、成熟期干物质积累量分别平均增加7.3%、12.3%;花后干物质生产量、花后对籽粒产量贡献率分别平均增加19.0%、7.7%;氮素积累量平均提高13.5%;且N12K2F2处理较N0K2处理的小麦千粒重、穗粒数、穗数、产量分别平均增加6.7%、86.8%、25.1%、152.7%,较N12K1F2处理的千粒重、穗粒数、穗数、产量分别平均增加1.6%、5.5%、4.6%、12.6%。综上所述,施氮量为180 kg hm^(-2)、基追比7︰3、钾肥拔节期追施处理是本试验条件下弱筋小麦量质协优的最佳施肥模式。展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30971729)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Chinathe Science and Technology Support Program of Jiangsu Province, China (BE2009426)
文摘Phosphorus （P） is one of the most widely occurring nutrients for development and growth of wheat. In this study, the effects of P application amount on grain yield, protein content, and phosphorus use efficiency （PUE） were studied by agronomic management of P fertilizer on spring weak-gluten wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） grown under field conditions for 2 yr. The experiments were performed at five levels of P205 application amount, including 0, 72, 108, 144, and 180 kg ha-1. As a result, with increase in P fertilizer, grain yield, and P agricultural efficiency （AEp） increased in a quadratic equitation, but partial factor productivity of P （PFPp） decreased in a logarithmic eq. When 108 kg ha-1 P2Os was applied, the grain yield reached the highest level, but the protein content in gain was lower than 11.5%, a threshold for the protein content to evaluate weak-gluten wheat suitable for production of cake and biscuit. Yangmai 13 and Ningmai 9 could tolerate to higher P level of soils than Yangmai 9 that had more loss in grain yield when P fertilizer was over-applied. AEp had a concomitant relationship with grain yield and was a better descriptor for P use efficiency in the wheat. A high P use efficiency resulted in leaf area index （LAI）, increased chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate, and stable acid phophatase （APase） activity to accumulate more dry matter after anthesis, which explained that the optimum P fertilizer increased grain yield and improved grain quality of weak-gluten wheat.
文摘探究氮肥和钾肥运筹对弱筋小麦产量、品质的影响,为弱筋小麦优质高产提供理论依据。于2022—2024年小麦生长季,以白湖麦1号和皖西麦0638为试验材料,设置4个施氮水平N0(0 kg hm^(-2))、N10(150 kg hm^(-2))、N12(180kg hm^(-2))、N14(210 kg hm^(-2)),3个施氮基追比F1(8︰2)、F2(7︰3)、F3(6︰4);钾肥150 kg hm^(-2),分为一次性基施(K1)和基追比5︰5(K2)2个处理,研究了对弱筋小麦茎蘖动态、干物质积累与转运、氮素积累、产量及其构成要素、籽粒蛋白质含量和湿面筋含量的影响。结果表明:氮肥与钾肥运筹显著影响弱筋小麦的生长发育,小麦茎蘖动态、干物质积累与转运、植株氮素积累均随施氮量和追氮比例的增加而增加,相同施氮量和追氮比例下,钾肥追施较一次性基施的茎蘖数、干物质积累量更高,且施氮量、追氮比例和钾肥追施处理对弱筋小麦千粒重、穗粒数、穗数及其产量的影响也显著,随施氮量和追氮比例的增加而增加,在相同施氮量和追氮比例下,钾肥追施较一次性基施的小麦千粒重、穗粒数、穗数及产量更高,而弱筋小麦籽粒蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量也随施氮量和追氮比例的增加而增加。在符合国家优质弱筋小麦标准的施肥模式中,N12K2F2处理较N12K1F2处理的开花期、成熟期干物质积累量分别平均增加7.3%、12.3%;花后干物质生产量、花后对籽粒产量贡献率分别平均增加19.0%、7.7%;氮素积累量平均提高13.5%;且N12K2F2处理较N0K2处理的小麦千粒重、穗粒数、穗数、产量分别平均增加6.7%、86.8%、25.1%、152.7%,较N12K1F2处理的千粒重、穗粒数、穗数、产量分别平均增加1.6%、5.5%、4.6%、12.6%。综上所述,施氮量为180 kg hm^(-2)、基追比7︰3、钾肥拔节期追施处理是本试验条件下弱筋小麦量质协优的最佳施肥模式。
