There have been published many papers on VLF (very low frequency) characteristics to study seismo-ionospheric perturbations. Usually VLF records (amplitude and/or phase) are used to investigate mainly the temporal evo...There have been published many papers on VLF (very low frequency) characteristics to study seismo-ionospheric perturbations. Usually VLF records (amplitude and/or phase) are used to investigate mainly the temporal evolution of VLF propagation anomalies with special attention to one particular propagation path. The most important advantage of this paper is the simultaneous use of several propagation paths. A succession of earthquakes (EQs) happened in the Kumamoto area in Kyusyu Island;two strong foreshocks with magnitude of 6.5 and 6.4 on 14 April (UT) and the main shock with magnitude 7.3 on 15 April (UT). Because the EQ epicenters are not far from the VLF transmitter (with the call sign of JJI in Miyazaki prefecture), we can utilize simultaneously 8 observing stations of our network all over Japan. Together with the use of theoretical computations based on wave-hop theory, we try to trace both the temporal and spatial evolutions of the ionospheric perturbation associated with this succession of EQs. It is found that the ionospheric perturbation begins to appear about two weeks before the EQs, and this perturbation becomes most developed 5 - 3 days before the main shock. When the perturbation is most disturbed, the maximum change in vertical direction is depletion in the VLF effective ionospheric height of the order of 10 km, and its horizontal scale (or its radius) is about 1000 km. These spatio-temporal changes of the seismo-ionospheric perturbation will be investigated in details in the discus-sion, a comparison has made with the VLF characteristics of the 1995 Kobe with the same magnitude and of the same fault-type, and a brief discussion on the generation mechanism of seismo-ionospheric perturbation is finally made.展开更多
针对现有的双局域网(LAN)太赫兹无线局域网(Dual-LAN THz WLAN)相关介质访问控制(MAC)协议中存在的某些节点会在多个超帧内重复发送相同的信道时隙请求帧以申请时隙资源以及网络运行的一些时段存在空闲时隙等问题,提出一种基于自发数据...针对现有的双局域网(LAN)太赫兹无线局域网(Dual-LAN THz WLAN)相关介质访问控制(MAC)协议中存在的某些节点会在多个超帧内重复发送相同的信道时隙请求帧以申请时隙资源以及网络运行的一些时段存在空闲时隙等问题,提出一种基于自发数据传输的高效MAC协议——SDTE-MAC(high-Efficiency MAC protocol based on Spontaneous Data Transmission)。SDTE-MAC通过让各节点都维护一张或多张时间单元链表,使各节点与其余节点在网络运行时间上达到同步,从而获悉各节点应该在信道空闲时隙的什么位置开始发送数据帧,优化了传统的信道时隙分配和信道剩余时隙再分配的流程,提高了网络吞吐量和信道时隙利用率,降低了数据时延,能够进一步提升双LAN太赫兹无线局域网的性能。仿真结果表明,网络饱和时,相较于AHT-MAC(Adaptive High Throughout multi-pan MAC protocol)中的N-CTAP(Normal Channel Time Allocation Period)时段时隙资源分配新机制以及自适应缩短超帧时段机制,SDTE-MAC的MAC层吞吐量提升了9.2%,信道时隙利用率提升了10.9%,数据时延降低了22.2%。展开更多
昼夜混合路径条件下低频天波传播特性的研究对导航授时系统中应用模式拓展及低电离层参数反演均具有重要的研究意义.本文以地—电离层中100 kHz载频罗兰-C信号的时域有限差分(Finite Difference Time Domain,FDTD)仿真为前提,基于传统...昼夜混合路径条件下低频天波传播特性的研究对导航授时系统中应用模式拓展及低电离层参数反演均具有重要的研究意义.本文以地—电离层中100 kHz载频罗兰-C信号的时域有限差分(Finite Difference Time Domain,FDTD)仿真为前提,基于传统的过零检测和快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform,FFT)/逆快速傅里叶变换(Inverse Fast Fourier Transform,IFFT)频谱相除算法,对昼夜混合信道(传播路径为东西取向)中地面接收的一跳天波进行模式区分及特性分析.给出了在白天至夜晚、夜晚至白天两种突变电离层下罗兰-C一跳天波中不同模式随收发距离的变化规律,同时给出了模式干涉区域优势场量的分布情况.结果表明,对于昼夜混合模型,一跳天波中存在来自不同高度及昼夜突跳边界反射的多种模式,基于传统方法检测的幅度相位存在不稳定干涉效应,模式界定困难,而基于FFT/IFFT频谱相除算法能够将主要模式进行细化区分,从而获得更高精度、更平稳的模式特性.展开更多
[目的]探讨啤酒花总黄酮的超声波提取法。[方法]采用正交试验法,以总黄酮含量为考察指标,对影响总黄酮超声提取的因素进行研究。[结果]啤酒花总黄酮的优化提取工艺为:乙醇浓度60%、料液比1∶15、提取时间40 m in。其中乙醇浓度对提取效...[目的]探讨啤酒花总黄酮的超声波提取法。[方法]采用正交试验法,以总黄酮含量为考察指标,对影响总黄酮超声提取的因素进行研究。[结果]啤酒花总黄酮的优化提取工艺为:乙醇浓度60%、料液比1∶15、提取时间40 m in。其中乙醇浓度对提取效果影响显著。[结论]该工艺设计合理,操作简单可行。展开更多
文摘There have been published many papers on VLF (very low frequency) characteristics to study seismo-ionospheric perturbations. Usually VLF records (amplitude and/or phase) are used to investigate mainly the temporal evolution of VLF propagation anomalies with special attention to one particular propagation path. The most important advantage of this paper is the simultaneous use of several propagation paths. A succession of earthquakes (EQs) happened in the Kumamoto area in Kyusyu Island;two strong foreshocks with magnitude of 6.5 and 6.4 on 14 April (UT) and the main shock with magnitude 7.3 on 15 April (UT). Because the EQ epicenters are not far from the VLF transmitter (with the call sign of JJI in Miyazaki prefecture), we can utilize simultaneously 8 observing stations of our network all over Japan. Together with the use of theoretical computations based on wave-hop theory, we try to trace both the temporal and spatial evolutions of the ionospheric perturbation associated with this succession of EQs. It is found that the ionospheric perturbation begins to appear about two weeks before the EQs, and this perturbation becomes most developed 5 - 3 days before the main shock. When the perturbation is most disturbed, the maximum change in vertical direction is depletion in the VLF effective ionospheric height of the order of 10 km, and its horizontal scale (or its radius) is about 1000 km. These spatio-temporal changes of the seismo-ionospheric perturbation will be investigated in details in the discus-sion, a comparison has made with the VLF characteristics of the 1995 Kobe with the same magnitude and of the same fault-type, and a brief discussion on the generation mechanism of seismo-ionospheric perturbation is finally made.
文摘针对现有的双局域网(LAN)太赫兹无线局域网(Dual-LAN THz WLAN)相关介质访问控制(MAC)协议中存在的某些节点会在多个超帧内重复发送相同的信道时隙请求帧以申请时隙资源以及网络运行的一些时段存在空闲时隙等问题,提出一种基于自发数据传输的高效MAC协议——SDTE-MAC(high-Efficiency MAC protocol based on Spontaneous Data Transmission)。SDTE-MAC通过让各节点都维护一张或多张时间单元链表,使各节点与其余节点在网络运行时间上达到同步,从而获悉各节点应该在信道空闲时隙的什么位置开始发送数据帧,优化了传统的信道时隙分配和信道剩余时隙再分配的流程,提高了网络吞吐量和信道时隙利用率,降低了数据时延,能够进一步提升双LAN太赫兹无线局域网的性能。仿真结果表明,网络饱和时,相较于AHT-MAC(Adaptive High Throughout multi-pan MAC protocol)中的N-CTAP(Normal Channel Time Allocation Period)时段时隙资源分配新机制以及自适应缩短超帧时段机制,SDTE-MAC的MAC层吞吐量提升了9.2%,信道时隙利用率提升了10.9%,数据时延降低了22.2%。
文摘昼夜混合路径条件下低频天波传播特性的研究对导航授时系统中应用模式拓展及低电离层参数反演均具有重要的研究意义.本文以地—电离层中100 kHz载频罗兰-C信号的时域有限差分(Finite Difference Time Domain,FDTD)仿真为前提,基于传统的过零检测和快速傅里叶变换(Fast Fourier Transform,FFT)/逆快速傅里叶变换(Inverse Fast Fourier Transform,IFFT)频谱相除算法,对昼夜混合信道(传播路径为东西取向)中地面接收的一跳天波进行模式区分及特性分析.给出了在白天至夜晚、夜晚至白天两种突变电离层下罗兰-C一跳天波中不同模式随收发距离的变化规律,同时给出了模式干涉区域优势场量的分布情况.结果表明,对于昼夜混合模型,一跳天波中存在来自不同高度及昼夜突跳边界反射的多种模式,基于传统方法检测的幅度相位存在不稳定干涉效应,模式界定困难,而基于FFT/IFFT频谱相除算法能够将主要模式进行细化区分,从而获得更高精度、更平稳的模式特性.
