Wuliangsuhai wetland is one of the representative wetlands in arid-semiarid region. It is also a key breeding site as well as a stepping site for both East Asia-Australasia Flyway and Central Asia Flyway. From 2009 to...Wuliangsuhai wetland is one of the representative wetlands in arid-semiarid region. It is also a key breeding site as well as a stepping site for both East Asia-Australasia Flyway and Central Asia Flyway. From 2009 to 2012, surveys on migratory water birds and their habitat were carried out by using transects census and spot count methods. The surveys recorded more than 100 000 water birds, and 98 species were identified, which belong to 6 orders and 14 families. Among the 98 species, 55 are summer residents （breeding here） and 39 are travelers （only stay here shortly）, which account for 56.12% and 39.80% of the total recorded bird species respectively. Further analysis on their migration pattern shows that spring migration is mainly from early March to mid May, which is shorter than autumn migration season （from early August to mid November）. Most of the summer residents breed from early April to late May. High concentration of key protected species were observed from early April to early May and from early September to early November. The bird community structure is relatively stable in summer, but much more dynamic during the migration seasons （spring and autumn）. Based on the study, recommendation to nominate Wuliangsuhai wetlands as Ramsar site, and flyway network site were put forward. Habitat management that address to the environmental determinants on bird distribution was also discussed.展开更多
Background:The aim of the study was to explore the ecological diversity of wild birds in Siberia, which are the natural reservoir of avian influenza virus(AIV).Methods:Cloacal swabs and intestinal fragments were colle...Background:The aim of the study was to explore the ecological diversity of wild birds in Siberia, which are the natural reservoir of avian influenza virus(AIV).Methods:Cloacal swabs and intestinal fragments were collected from wild migratory birds from 2007-2014. Isolated viruses were grown in the allantoic cavity of embryonated chicken eggs. The presence of virus was determined using hemagglutination assays. Primary identification and subtyping of influenza viruses was confirmed by RT-PCR.Results:A total of 2300 samples obtained from wild migratory birds of 8 orders were collected and tested. Influenza was detected in 185 birds of 3 orders. Species of family Anatidae(order Anseriformes) such as European Teal(Anas crecca), Garganey Teal(A. querquedula), and Shoveler(A. clypeata) play the main role in AIV circulation in the south of Western Siberia. The proportion of viral carriers among waterfowl ranged from 5.6 to 20% in 2007-2014. The order Charadriiformes had lower virus isolation rates of not more than 1.4%.Conclusions:Wild migratory waterfowl of orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes are the main reservoir of AIV in the south of Western Siberia. This area plays a key role in persistence, evolution, and geographical distribution of avian influenza.展开更多
根据鄱阳湖鸟类研究文献,对鄱阳湖区鸟类记录进行了整理和甄别,发现近年来鄱阳湖区新记录鸟类60种,迄今共记录鸟类352种,隶属17目61科。其中,水鸟6目16科133种,占中国水鸟总数的49%;世界自然保护联盟(International Union for Conservat...根据鄱阳湖鸟类研究文献,对鄱阳湖区鸟类记录进行了整理和甄别,发现近年来鄱阳湖区新记录鸟类60种,迄今共记录鸟类352种,隶属17目61科。其中,水鸟6目16科133种,占中国水鸟总数的49%;世界自然保护联盟(International Union for Conservation of Nature,IUCN)受胁鸟类16种,包括极危种白鹤(Grus leucogeranus)和青头潜鸭(Aythya baeri)2种,濒危种东方白鹳(Ciconia boyciana)、黑脸琵鹭(Platalea minor)、中华秋沙鸭(Mergus squamatus)和小青脚鹬(Tringa guttifer)4种,易危种白枕鹤(Grus vipio)、黄嘴白鹭(Egretta eulophotes)和鸿雁(Anser cygnoides)等10种;国家Ⅰ级保护鸟类9种,国家Ⅱ级保护鸟类49种。在居留型方面,冬候鸟130种,占36.93%;留鸟99种,占28.13%;夏候鸟62种,占17.61%;旅鸟52种,占14.77%;迷鸟9种,占2.56%。在区系方面,古北界种类最多,共有185种,占52.55%;东洋界种类126种,占35.80%;广布种41种,占11.65%。为了保护湿地鸟类及其栖息地,鄱阳湖区目前共建立以候鸟及湿地生态系统保护为主要对象的保护区18个,总面积达2 006.18 km2。建议将分布有重要越冬水鸟栖息地的县级自然保护区尽快升级为省级自然保护区,一些尚未被纳入保护区体系的重要的越冬湖泊应尽早建立保护小区,从而完善鄱阳湖区水鸟保护与监测网络,构建完整的候鸟保护体系。展开更多
基金National Science and Technology Support Program (2008BADB0B02)
文摘Wuliangsuhai wetland is one of the representative wetlands in arid-semiarid region. It is also a key breeding site as well as a stepping site for both East Asia-Australasia Flyway and Central Asia Flyway. From 2009 to 2012, surveys on migratory water birds and their habitat were carried out by using transects census and spot count methods. The surveys recorded more than 100 000 water birds, and 98 species were identified, which belong to 6 orders and 14 families. Among the 98 species, 55 are summer residents （breeding here） and 39 are travelers （only stay here shortly）, which account for 56.12% and 39.80% of the total recorded bird species respectively. Further analysis on their migration pattern shows that spring migration is mainly from early March to mid May, which is shorter than autumn migration season （from early August to mid November）. Most of the summer residents breed from early April to late May. High concentration of key protected species were observed from early April to early May and from early September to early November. The bird community structure is relatively stable in summer, but much more dynamic during the migration seasons （spring and autumn）. Based on the study, recommendation to nominate Wuliangsuhai wetlands as Ramsar site, and flyway network site were put forward. Habitat management that address to the environmental determinants on bird distribution was also discussed.
文摘Background:The aim of the study was to explore the ecological diversity of wild birds in Siberia, which are the natural reservoir of avian influenza virus(AIV).Methods:Cloacal swabs and intestinal fragments were collected from wild migratory birds from 2007-2014. Isolated viruses were grown in the allantoic cavity of embryonated chicken eggs. The presence of virus was determined using hemagglutination assays. Primary identification and subtyping of influenza viruses was confirmed by RT-PCR.Results:A total of 2300 samples obtained from wild migratory birds of 8 orders were collected and tested. Influenza was detected in 185 birds of 3 orders. Species of family Anatidae(order Anseriformes) such as European Teal(Anas crecca), Garganey Teal(A. querquedula), and Shoveler(A. clypeata) play the main role in AIV circulation in the south of Western Siberia. The proportion of viral carriers among waterfowl ranged from 5.6 to 20% in 2007-2014. The order Charadriiformes had lower virus isolation rates of not more than 1.4%.Conclusions:Wild migratory waterfowl of orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes are the main reservoir of AIV in the south of Western Siberia. This area plays a key role in persistence, evolution, and geographical distribution of avian influenza.
