Wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） can represent risks source for human health and environment, due to the use of chemicals and substances produced by the treatment process. In particular, considering a conventiona...Wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） can represent risks source for human health and environment, due to the use of chemicals and substances produced by the treatment process. In particular, considering a conventional urban wastewater treatment plant, two case studies have been considered in this paper： the phase of disinfection with Peracetic Acid （PAA）, used as reactant and the sludge anaerobic digestion, generating biogas. The aim of the experience is to find out some management suggestions that could make safer these sections of a WWTP.展开更多
【目的】“3060”碳目标的提出,激励各个行业聚焦“双碳”问题。污水处理过程中产生碳源和碳汇,对其进行核算是非常有必要的。【方法】文章针对运营企业层面,研究污水处理厂碳排放影响因素,进一步分析碳排放特征和碳中和潜力,为污水处...【目的】“3060”碳目标的提出,激励各个行业聚焦“双碳”问题。污水处理过程中产生碳源和碳汇,对其进行核算是非常有必要的。【方法】文章针对运营企业层面,研究污水处理厂碳排放影响因素,进一步分析碳排放特征和碳中和潜力,为污水处理厂低碳运行调整提供依据。文章通过明确运营企业管理范围内碳排放核算边界,结合实际工艺运行情况选取切实可用的碳核算方法和排放因子,对该运营企业管理的8座污水处理厂展开碳排放核算和分析。【结果】研究显示,该运营企业总碳排放量为1.95×10^(5) t CO_(2)/a,总碳排放强度为0.25 kg CO_(2)/m^(3)。8座污水厂年碳排放量为7365.8~53083.1 t CO_(2)/a,碳排放强度为0.17~0.47 kg CO_(2)/m^(3)。污水处理厂碳排放强度与吨水电耗相关性系数(R^(2))为0.94,与吨水药耗R^(2)为0.91,从工艺类型考虑,碳排放强度表现为氧化沟<厌氧/缺氧/好氧(AAO)<AAO+膜生物反应器(MBR)<曝气生物滤池(BAF),这主要跟工艺运行电耗、药耗相关;按碳源贡献进行修正的污染物削减综合指数、耗氧污染物削减量,均与碳排放强度相关性增强;在采用光伏发电、再生水回用等减排措施后,WWTP1净碳排放强度为-0.022 kg CO_(2)/m^(3)。【结论】该运营企业管理的污水厂采用工艺不同,碳排放差异较大,根本原因是受吨水药耗、吨水电耗的影响;在碳排放研究时,应当考虑碳源对直接碳排放的影响;利用厂区环境和工艺优势,该运营企业管理的污水厂可实现厂区运行碳中和目标。展开更多
【目的】在我国生态文明建设的大背景下,污水处理行业不仅是打好污染防治攻坚战的关键环节,也是温室气体减排的重要领域。因此,明确污水处理厂的碳排放状况,并实施低碳化改造,对于应对气候变化、推动可持续发展至关重要。研究旨在通过...【目的】在我国生态文明建设的大背景下,污水处理行业不仅是打好污染防治攻坚战的关键环节,也是温室气体减排的重要领域。因此,明确污水处理厂的碳排放状况,并实施低碳化改造,对于应对气候变化、推动可持续发展至关重要。研究旨在通过科学的方法和实际案例,探索污水处理厂的低碳化改造路径,为未来污水厂的节能减排工作提供了经验和启示。【方法】研究基于国内现有的碳核算理论框架,选取福建某具有代表性的污水处理厂作为研究对象。利用福建某污水处理厂日处理量、进出水指标、污泥产量、耗电量及药剂消耗量等数据对该污水厂的直接碳排放和间接碳排放进行碳排放核算。通过分析该水厂污水处理碳排放核算结果,因地制宜综合厂区地理位置及周边资源,提出了更换低碳碳源药剂、调节运行参数降低碳排放、优化变频调节设备降低功率、光伏改造能源利用4条减碳措施。【结果】经过一系列低碳化改造并稳定运行8个月后再次进行碳排放核算,该污水处理厂的碳排放强度得到了显著降低。其碳排放强度由改造前的0.7650 kg CO_(2)/m^(3)下降至0.7104 kg CO_(2)/m^(3),取得了显著的环保效益。【结论】污水处理低碳运行应以微观低碳机理为抓手,通过调节运行参数等手段,辅以新能源发电的使用,共同推动污水处理行业向更加低碳、环保的方向发展。展开更多
Microplastics(MPs)have garnered increasing research attentions due to their ubiquitous presence in the environment and consequential impacts on both ecosystems and human health.Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are id...Microplastics(MPs)have garnered increasing research attentions due to their ubiquitous presence in the environment and consequential impacts on both ecosystems and human health.Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are identified as major sources of MPs in aquatic environments,as they receive anthropogenic MPs from household and industrial sewer networks.Based on treated wastewater samples collected in October 2018 from a WWTP in Hangzhou City,China,the MP transport into the Qiantang River before heading into Hangzhou Bay,East China Sea,was investigated.To determine the abundance and characteristics of MPs,the quantities of MPs released into the environment from the WWTP in different treatment stages were estimated,and their migration was simulated using numerical modeling techniques.Results show that the abundance of MPs in the effluent of the WWTP was 1.3 pieces/L,with a daily discharge of 7.6×10^(8)pieces of MPs into the Qiantang River.Polyether sulfone(PES),rayon,and polyethylene terephthalate(PET)were identified from MPs,being dominated by polypropylene(PP).MPs predominantly displayed fibrous and fragmented shapes.Household laundering and plastic product usage were major sources of MPs,with mechanical wear during treatment potentially contributing to the transformation from primary to secondary MPs.After 45 days of transport simulation,a high abundance zone of MPs was observed in the southern region of Hangzhou Bay,with its diffusion range being influenced by the combined effects of river runoff and tides.The spatial distribution range was significantly greater during the spring tide compared to that in the neap tide,and there were varying degrees of MP accumulation in the upper reaches of the wastewater outlet as runoff decreased.This study integrated the emissions and transport of MPs from WWTPs to estuarine rivers,thereby providing valuable scientific guidance for future regional control measures and ecological risk assessments of MPs.展开更多
Effluents from wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are recognized as an important source for microplastic(MP)pollution in the receiving waters.The removal efficiency of MPs in WWTPs and the discharge flux remain largely...Effluents from wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are recognized as an important source for microplastic(MP)pollution in the receiving waters.The removal efficiency of MPs in WWTPs and the discharge flux remain largely unknown.The present study measured the MP abundances in the influents,effluents,and activated sludge in four domestic and one industrial WWTPs in Guangzhou,China.The MP abundance detected in influent samples were approximately one order of magnitude higher than those found in effluents,resulting in high removal efficiencies of MPs(97.4%-98.7%)in these WWTPs.A significant amount of the removed MPs deposited in the activated sludge,with abundances of MPs ranging from 7 to 888 pieces/g dry weight sludge.Microplastics remaining in effluents were discharged into the receiving river with releasing rates of ranging from(1.1±1.0)×10^(7)to(4.54±3.92)×10^(9)pieces per day.Results obtained in the present study suggest that the contribution of MPs from WWTPs to the aquatic environment is non-negligible and the application of sludge in the agricultural environment may bring additional MP pollution to agricultural soils.展开更多
文摘Wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） can represent risks source for human health and environment, due to the use of chemicals and substances produced by the treatment process. In particular, considering a conventional urban wastewater treatment plant, two case studies have been considered in this paper： the phase of disinfection with Peracetic Acid （PAA）, used as reactant and the sludge anaerobic digestion, generating biogas. The aim of the experience is to find out some management suggestions that could make safer these sections of a WWTP.
文摘【目的】“3060”碳目标的提出,激励各个行业聚焦“双碳”问题。污水处理过程中产生碳源和碳汇,对其进行核算是非常有必要的。【方法】文章针对运营企业层面,研究污水处理厂碳排放影响因素,进一步分析碳排放特征和碳中和潜力,为污水处理厂低碳运行调整提供依据。文章通过明确运营企业管理范围内碳排放核算边界,结合实际工艺运行情况选取切实可用的碳核算方法和排放因子,对该运营企业管理的8座污水处理厂展开碳排放核算和分析。【结果】研究显示,该运营企业总碳排放量为1.95×10^(5) t CO_(2)/a,总碳排放强度为0.25 kg CO_(2)/m^(3)。8座污水厂年碳排放量为7365.8~53083.1 t CO_(2)/a,碳排放强度为0.17~0.47 kg CO_(2)/m^(3)。污水处理厂碳排放强度与吨水电耗相关性系数(R^(2))为0.94,与吨水药耗R^(2)为0.91,从工艺类型考虑,碳排放强度表现为氧化沟<厌氧/缺氧/好氧(AAO)<AAO+膜生物反应器(MBR)<曝气生物滤池(BAF),这主要跟工艺运行电耗、药耗相关;按碳源贡献进行修正的污染物削减综合指数、耗氧污染物削减量,均与碳排放强度相关性增强;在采用光伏发电、再生水回用等减排措施后,WWTP1净碳排放强度为-0.022 kg CO_(2)/m^(3)。【结论】该运营企业管理的污水厂采用工艺不同,碳排放差异较大,根本原因是受吨水药耗、吨水电耗的影响;在碳排放研究时,应当考虑碳源对直接碳排放的影响;利用厂区环境和工艺优势,该运营企业管理的污水厂可实现厂区运行碳中和目标。
文摘【目的】在我国生态文明建设的大背景下,污水处理行业不仅是打好污染防治攻坚战的关键环节,也是温室气体减排的重要领域。因此,明确污水处理厂的碳排放状况,并实施低碳化改造,对于应对气候变化、推动可持续发展至关重要。研究旨在通过科学的方法和实际案例,探索污水处理厂的低碳化改造路径,为未来污水厂的节能减排工作提供了经验和启示。【方法】研究基于国内现有的碳核算理论框架,选取福建某具有代表性的污水处理厂作为研究对象。利用福建某污水处理厂日处理量、进出水指标、污泥产量、耗电量及药剂消耗量等数据对该污水厂的直接碳排放和间接碳排放进行碳排放核算。通过分析该水厂污水处理碳排放核算结果,因地制宜综合厂区地理位置及周边资源,提出了更换低碳碳源药剂、调节运行参数降低碳排放、优化变频调节设备降低功率、光伏改造能源利用4条减碳措施。【结果】经过一系列低碳化改造并稳定运行8个月后再次进行碳排放核算,该污水处理厂的碳排放强度得到了显著降低。其碳排放强度由改造前的0.7650 kg CO_(2)/m^(3)下降至0.7104 kg CO_(2)/m^(3),取得了显著的环保效益。【结论】污水处理低碳运行应以微观低碳机理为抓手,通过调节运行参数等手段,辅以新能源发电的使用,共同推动污水处理行业向更加低碳、环保的方向发展。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42107268)the“Digital+”Discipline Construction Management Project of Zhejiang Gongshang University(No.SZJ2022A008)。
文摘Microplastics(MPs)have garnered increasing research attentions due to their ubiquitous presence in the environment and consequential impacts on both ecosystems and human health.Wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are identified as major sources of MPs in aquatic environments,as they receive anthropogenic MPs from household and industrial sewer networks.Based on treated wastewater samples collected in October 2018 from a WWTP in Hangzhou City,China,the MP transport into the Qiantang River before heading into Hangzhou Bay,East China Sea,was investigated.To determine the abundance and characteristics of MPs,the quantities of MPs released into the environment from the WWTP in different treatment stages were estimated,and their migration was simulated using numerical modeling techniques.Results show that the abundance of MPs in the effluent of the WWTP was 1.3 pieces/L,with a daily discharge of 7.6×10^(8)pieces of MPs into the Qiantang River.Polyether sulfone(PES),rayon,and polyethylene terephthalate(PET)were identified from MPs,being dominated by polypropylene(PP).MPs predominantly displayed fibrous and fragmented shapes.Household laundering and plastic product usage were major sources of MPs,with mechanical wear during treatment potentially contributing to the transformation from primary to secondary MPs.After 45 days of transport simulation,a high abundance zone of MPs was observed in the southern region of Hangzhou Bay,with its diffusion range being influenced by the combined effects of river runoff and tides.The spatial distribution range was significantly greater during the spring tide compared to that in the neap tide,and there were varying degrees of MP accumulation in the upper reaches of the wastewater outlet as runoff decreased.This study integrated the emissions and transport of MPs from WWTPs to estuarine rivers,thereby providing valuable scientific guidance for future regional control measures and ecological risk assessments of MPs.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21936004)the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)(No.SML2021SP208)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.21623118)。
文摘Effluents from wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)are recognized as an important source for microplastic(MP)pollution in the receiving waters.The removal efficiency of MPs in WWTPs and the discharge flux remain largely unknown.The present study measured the MP abundances in the influents,effluents,and activated sludge in four domestic and one industrial WWTPs in Guangzhou,China.The MP abundance detected in influent samples were approximately one order of magnitude higher than those found in effluents,resulting in high removal efficiencies of MPs(97.4%-98.7%)in these WWTPs.A significant amount of the removed MPs deposited in the activated sludge,with abundances of MPs ranging from 7 to 888 pieces/g dry weight sludge.Microplastics remaining in effluents were discharged into the receiving river with releasing rates of ranging from(1.1±1.0)×10^(7)to(4.54±3.92)×10^(9)pieces per day.Results obtained in the present study suggest that the contribution of MPs from WWTPs to the aquatic environment is non-negligible and the application of sludge in the agricultural environment may bring additional MP pollution to agricultural soils.
