Wuschel-related homeobox （WOX） genes play essential, specific, and sometimes redundant roles in plant embryo development, shoot and root meristem maintenance, and plant development. Though much information was quick...Wuschel-related homeobox （WOX） genes play essential, specific, and sometimes redundant roles in plant embryo development, shoot and root meristem maintenance, and plant development. Though much information was quickly gained with members of the WOX gene family of Arabidopsis, monocotyledonous crops, and gymnospermous conifers, little is known about perennial woody plants. In this study, we isolated the first WOXgene family member from grape （Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon）, and named it VvWOX4 based on its characteristic domains and phylogenetic analysis. The identity of VvWOX4 was validated by MALDI-TOF MS and Western blot with polyclonal antibody against Arabidopsis thaliana Wuschel. Functional analysis showed that VvWOX4 markedly increased shoot primordia structures when overexpressed under CaMV 35S promoter in tobacco. A different expression pattern was found for VvVOX4 compared with AtWUCHEL and its expression was detected in unique organs of grapevines. Besides the expression in the vegetative shoot apical meristem （SAM） of grape shoot tips, VvWOX4 is expressed in dormant winter buds, inflorescence, young leaves, and tendril tips, but not in root tips. In young leaves, the expression of VvWOX4 is strongly upregulated by wounding, and also by plant growth regulators such as 2 mg L-1 2,4-D, 1 mg L-1 NAA and 1 mg L-1 BAP treatments, while downregulation was monitored by 1 mg L^-1 IBA treatment, and there was no response to 0.5 mg L-1 GA3 treatment. Together, our results revealed the first member of grape WOX gene family and indicated different roles and regulation of VvWOX4 in the perennial woody crop grapevine.展开更多
Stem strength is an important indicator of lodging that significantly influences yield and quality in soybean.Therefore,understanding the regulatory mechanisms underlying stem strength is critical for ensuring soybean...Stem strength is an important indicator of lodging that significantly influences yield and quality in soybean.Therefore,understanding the regulatory mechanisms underlying stem strength is critical for ensuring soybean production.However,the genetic basis underlying this trait remains largely elusive.Here,we explored the key loci and regulators of stem strength by integrating quantitative trait locus(QTL)mapping with genome-wide association study(GWAS)using the recombinant inbred line(RIL)population and natural accessions.Finally,a major QTL covering an interval containing 15 genes was identified.One of these genes encodes a transcription factor related to WUSCHEL-related homeobox 4(GmWOX4-like),a high-confidence candidate for regulating stem strength based on bulk transcriptome deep sequencing and single-cell sequencing.Anatomical analysis of residual heterozygous lines(RHLs)suggested that GmWOX4-like may influence stem strength by modulating cambium differentiation through various pathways.Natural variations in the GmWOX4-like promoter region showed significant correlation with stem strength and lodging ratio across the natural population.These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of stem strength and will contribute to marker-assisted selection for stem strength in soybean breeding.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30471212,30500347)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(5992011)
文摘Wuschel-related homeobox （WOX） genes play essential, specific, and sometimes redundant roles in plant embryo development, shoot and root meristem maintenance, and plant development. Though much information was quickly gained with members of the WOX gene family of Arabidopsis, monocotyledonous crops, and gymnospermous conifers, little is known about perennial woody plants. In this study, we isolated the first WOXgene family member from grape （Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon）, and named it VvWOX4 based on its characteristic domains and phylogenetic analysis. The identity of VvWOX4 was validated by MALDI-TOF MS and Western blot with polyclonal antibody against Arabidopsis thaliana Wuschel. Functional analysis showed that VvWOX4 markedly increased shoot primordia structures when overexpressed under CaMV 35S promoter in tobacco. A different expression pattern was found for VvVOX4 compared with AtWUCHEL and its expression was detected in unique organs of grapevines. Besides the expression in the vegetative shoot apical meristem （SAM） of grape shoot tips, VvWOX4 is expressed in dormant winter buds, inflorescence, young leaves, and tendril tips, but not in root tips. In young leaves, the expression of VvWOX4 is strongly upregulated by wounding, and also by plant growth regulators such as 2 mg L-1 2,4-D, 1 mg L-1 NAA and 1 mg L-1 BAP treatments, while downregulation was monitored by 1 mg L^-1 IBA treatment, and there was no response to 0.5 mg L-1 GA3 treatment. Together, our results revealed the first member of grape WOX gene family and indicated different roles and regulation of VvWOX4 in the perennial woody crop grapevine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32322062 and 32441057)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2023JQ009)+2 种基金the Agricultural Variety Improvement Project of Shandong Province(2024LZGC010,2024LZGC030)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF1001100)the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of Shandong Province(SDAIT-28-01,SDAIT-28-06).
文摘Stem strength is an important indicator of lodging that significantly influences yield and quality in soybean.Therefore,understanding the regulatory mechanisms underlying stem strength is critical for ensuring soybean production.However,the genetic basis underlying this trait remains largely elusive.Here,we explored the key loci and regulators of stem strength by integrating quantitative trait locus(QTL)mapping with genome-wide association study(GWAS)using the recombinant inbred line(RIL)population and natural accessions.Finally,a major QTL covering an interval containing 15 genes was identified.One of these genes encodes a transcription factor related to WUSCHEL-related homeobox 4(GmWOX4-like),a high-confidence candidate for regulating stem strength based on bulk transcriptome deep sequencing and single-cell sequencing.Anatomical analysis of residual heterozygous lines(RHLs)suggested that GmWOX4-like may influence stem strength by modulating cambium differentiation through various pathways.Natural variations in the GmWOX4-like promoter region showed significant correlation with stem strength and lodging ratio across the natural population.These findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of stem strength and will contribute to marker-assisted selection for stem strength in soybean breeding.
