Recently, Islamic banks have been presented as an alternative to conventional banks. Indeed, Islamic banks have proved their worth during the 2009 crisis. They are known like an ethical bank. In Tunisia, only three Is...Recently, Islamic banks have been presented as an alternative to conventional banks. Indeed, Islamic banks have proved their worth during the 2009 crisis. They are known like an ethical bank. In Tunisia, only three Islamic banks exist. Even the conventional banks are interested to offer Islamic banking products and services; they are called Islamic banking window. This paper aims to determine the level of acceptance of Islamic banking window on Tunisian consumers and the impact of the social professional category on it. The research questions as follows： Are the consumers familiar with the financial Islamic products？ Did they perceive any differences between conventional and Islamic financial products？ What are the levels of acceptance of an Islamic banking product offered by a conventional bank？ In this respect, a questionnaire was administrated to a sample size of 120 people constituted of 54% men and 46% women from Tunis City. Three types of social professional category are found： 62% employee, 32% senior, and 6% profession. The data were processed by SPSS 21. The results showed that the majority of the respondents have a lack of knowledge of the Islamic banking products. The majority of the respondents don＇t see any differences between the product name of conventional and Islamic banking products. The acceptance level of an Islamic banking product offered by a conventional bank is very satisfying, 53% of the respondents are certain to purchase an Islamic banking product from a conventional bank and 42% are not sure. Only 5% refused.展开更多
Data archiving is one of the most critical issues for modern astronomical observations.With the development of a new generation of radio telescopes,the transfer and archiving of massive remote data have become urgent ...Data archiving is one of the most critical issues for modern astronomical observations.With the development of a new generation of radio telescopes,the transfer and archiving of massive remote data have become urgent problems to be solved.Herein,we present a practical and robust file-level flow-control approach,called the Unlimited Sliding-Window(USW),by referring to the classic flow-control method in the TCP protocol.Based on the USW and the Next Generation Archive System(NGAS)developed for the Murchison Widefield Array telescope,we further implemented an enhanced archive system(ENGAS)using ZeroMQ middleware.The ENGAS substantially improves the transfer performance and ensures the integrity of transferred files.In the tests,the ENGAS is approximately three to twelve times faster than the NGAS and can fully utilize the bandwidth of network links.Thus,for archiving radio observation data,the ENGAS reduces the communication time,improves the bandwidth utilization,and solves the remote synchronous archiving of data from observatories such as Mingantu spectral radioheliograph.It also provides a better reference for the future construction of the Square Kilometer Array(SKA)Science Regional Center.展开更多
To explore water level variations and their dynamic influence on the water quality of Huayang Lakes,the water level from 1967 to 2023 and water quality from 2015 to 2023 were analyzed using the Mann–Kendall trend tes...To explore water level variations and their dynamic influence on the water quality of Huayang Lakes,the water level from 1967 to 2023 and water quality from 2015 to 2023 were analyzed using the Mann–Kendall trend test,box plots,and violin plots.The results show a notable hydrological rhythm of water level alternation between dry and flood seasons in Huayang Lakes,with an average water level of 12.82 m and a monthly range of 11.21–17.24m.Since 2017,the water level of Huayang Rivers has shown a decreasing trend of–0.02 m/a.Total phosphorus(TP)has become the primary pollutant.The TP concentrations in Longgan Lake(the largest lake)during the dry,rising,flood,and retreating seasons from 2015 to 2023were 0.083,0.061,0.050,and 0.059 mg/L,respectively.The effect of water level on TP was mainly observed during the low-water period.When the water level in the dry season rose to 12.25 and 13.00 m,the percentage of TP exceeding 0.1 mg/L in Longgan Lake decreased to 55.8%and 33.3%,respectively.During the dry season,wind and wave disturbances caused the release of endogenous phosphorus in Huayang Lakes.This led to drastic fluctuations in TP concentration,reducing the correlation between water level and TP.When external control is limited,the water level during the dry season should be maintained between 12.25 and 13.0 m.Additionally,it is necessary to accelerate the restoration of submerged macrophyte species(such as Hydrilla verticillata and Vallisneria natans)in the Huayang Rivers.展开更多
For the diagnostics and health management of lithium-ion batteries,numerous models have been developed to understand their degradation characteristics.These models typically fall into two categories:data-driven models...For the diagnostics and health management of lithium-ion batteries,numerous models have been developed to understand their degradation characteristics.These models typically fall into two categories:data-driven models and physical models,each offering unique advantages but also facing limitations.Physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)provide a robust framework to integrate data-driven models with physical principles,ensuring consistency with underlying physics while enabling generalization across diverse operational conditions.This study introduces a PINN-based approach to reconstruct open circuit voltage(OCV)curves and estimate key ageing parameters at both the cell and electrode levels.These parameters include available capacity,electrode capacities,and lithium inventory capacity.The proposed method integrates OCV reconstruction models as functional components into convolutional neural networks(CNNs)and is validated using a public dataset.The results reveal that the estimated ageing parameters closely align with those obtained through offline OCV tests,with errors in reconstructed OCV curves remaining within 15 mV.This demonstrates the ability of the method to deliver fast and accurate degradation diagnostics at the electrode level,advancing the potential for precise and efficient battery health management.展开更多
Fluvial systems play a crucial role in coastal and riverine ecosystems, making it essential to understand their responses to sea level changes for preserving biodiversity and managing natural resources. The evolution ...Fluvial systems play a crucial role in coastal and riverine ecosystems, making it essential to understand their responses to sea level changes for preserving biodiversity and managing natural resources. The evolution of the modern Indus River Delta offers a rare opportunity to study the interplay between sea level fluctuations, tectonism, sediment supply, and the corresponding fluvial responses. This study employs the ‘SedSim' stratigraphic forward model to simulate the delta's evolution from 200 kyr to the next5 kyr, drawing on data from field observations, Landsat imagery, digital elevation models, and previous studies. The model consists of 205 layers, each representing a 1-kyr time step, covering the last two glacial-interglacial cycles. Between 200 kyr and 130 kyr, during a lowstand period, sedimentation on the delta plain continued due to partial flow from the Indus River. During the last interglacial(130–60 kyr), rising sea levels led to peak sediment deposition, characteristic of a highstand phase. From 60 kyr to 18 kyr, sea levels dropped to their lowest during the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM), resulting in extensive erosion and minimal deposition on the delta plain. From 18 kyr to the present, rapidly rising sea levels, coupled with intensified monsoon activity, increased sedimentation rates and triggered avulsion and aggradation processes. The model accurately predicted depositional thickness across the delta plain, indicating a maximum of ca. 200 m at the shoreline platform, ca. 175 m in the northeastern delta, and ca. 100 m in the central delta. The study underscores the delta's vulnerability to future sea level rise, which–at a projected rate of 1 m/kyr–could significantly influence the densely populated, low-lying delta plain. These findings offer valuable insights into the geomorphic evolution of the Indus Delta and emphasize the socioeconomic implications of sea level change, underscoring the importance of proactive management and adaptation strategies.展开更多
Transparent materials utilized as underwater optical windows are highly vulnerable to various forms of pollution or abrasion due to their intrinsic hydrophilic properties.This susceptibility is particularly pronounced...Transparent materials utilized as underwater optical windows are highly vulnerable to various forms of pollution or abrasion due to their intrinsic hydrophilic properties.This susceptibility is particularly pronounced in underwater environments where pollutants can impede the operation of these optical devices,significantly degrading or even compromising their optical properties.The glass catfish,known for its remarkable transparency in water,maintains surface cleanliness and clarity despite exposure to contaminants,impurities abrasion,and hydraulic pressure.Inspired by the glass catfish’s natural attributes,this study introduces a new solution named subaquatic abrasion-resistant and anti-fouling window(SAAW).Utilizing femtosecond laser ablation and electrodeposition,the SAAW is engineered by embedding fine metal bone structures into a transparent substrate and anti-fouling sliding layer,akin to the sturdy bones among catfish’s body.This approach significantly bolsters the window’s abrasion resistance and anti-fouling performance while maintaining high light transmittance.The sliding layer on the SAAW’s surface remarkably reduces the friction of various liquids,which is the reason that SAAW owns the great anti-fouling property.The SAAW demonstrates outstanding optical clarity even after enduring hundreds of sandpaper abrasions,attributing to the fine metal bone structures bearing all external forces and protecting the sliding layer of SAAW.Furthermore,it exhibits exceptional resistance to biological adhesion and underwater pressure.In a green algae environment,the window remains clean with minimal change in transmittance over one month.Moreover,it retains its wettability and anti-fouling properties when subjected to a depth of 30 m of underwater pressure for 30 d.Hence,the SAAW prepared by femtosecond laser ablation and electrodeposition presents a promising strategy for developing stable optical windows in liquid environments.展开更多
Computed tomography is an indispensable X-ray imaging modality used to diagnose numerous pathologies, but it can also involve the delivery of high ionizing radiation doses harmful to the health of patients. This study...Computed tomography is an indispensable X-ray imaging modality used to diagnose numerous pathologies, but it can also involve the delivery of high ionizing radiation doses harmful to the health of patients. This study aims to survey the level of radiation doses delivered to child patients during head exams in CT imaging to set up the Dosimetric Reference Levels (DRLs), a routine dose optimization tool, based on data acquired at the University Hospital of Angré (UHA), the University Hospital of Treichville (UHT) and the Polyclinic Hospital Farah (Farah) for optimizing procedures in Ivorian hospitals. Prospectively performed on 334 CT images of 186 child patients, this study was carried out on CT systems such as Hitachi Scenaria, Sinovision Insitum, and Philips Incisive used respectively at UHA, UHT and Farah. Children’s scan data were classified into four age bands: vol or dose-length product as DLP) value, whatever the hospital, increases with respect to the age of child patients. Based on the 75th percentile of the whole dose distributions, the DRLs of the CTDIvol is 54.37 mGy whatever the age groups and those of the DLP with respect to age bands are 1224.55 mGy∙cm, 1414.06 mGy∙cm, 1632.24 mGy.cm and 1544.57 mGy∙cm, respectively. The averaged values of CTDIvol and DLP smaller than the corresponding DRLs values suggest that practices in our three facilities are optimized. However, comparing our results with those from different international studies, we see that the CTDIvol and DLP values obtained in the present work are higher. These results suggest additional surveys to ensure our DRLs values and efforts from radiologists, imaging technicians and medical physicists to strengthen clinical procedures for the radiation protection of children undergoing CT scans in Côte d’Ivoire.展开更多
Metallogenic research on structural levels can reveal vertical patterns of mineralization and facilitate the deep exploration of economic minerals.However,research focusing on the correlation between structural levels...Metallogenic research on structural levels can reveal vertical patterns of mineralization and facilitate the deep exploration of economic minerals.However,research focusing on the correlation between structural levels and mineralization remains limited.In this study,we summarize the deformation patterns and associated mineral deposits observed at different crustal levels(i.e.,surface,shallow,middle,and deep structural levels,corresponding to depths of<2,2-8,8-15,and>15 km,respectively).Furthermore,we examine the genetic association between structural levels and metallogenesis,demonstrating that distinct structural levels are linked to specific types of mineralization.Key factors that vary across crustal levels include temperature,pressure,and fluid circulation.Ore-forming processes involve interactions between structures and fluids under varying temperatures and pressures.Structural levels influence mineralization by controlling the temperatures,pressures,and deformation mechanisms that drive the activation,migration,and enrichment of ore-forming materials.展开更多
BackgroundIt's crucial to study the effect of changes in thresholds(T)and most comfortable levels(M)on behavioral measurements in young children using cochlear implants.This would help the clinician with the optim...BackgroundIt's crucial to study the effect of changes in thresholds(T)and most comfortable levels(M)on behavioral measurements in young children using cochlear implants.This would help the clinician with the optimization and validation of programming parameters.ObjectiveThe study has attempted to describe the changes in behavioral responses with modification of T and M levels.MethodsTwenty-five participants in the age range 5 to 12 years using HR90K/HiFocus1J or HR90KAdvantage/HiFocus1J with Harmony speech processors participated in the study.A decrease in T levels,a rise in T levels,or a decrease in M levels in the everyday program were used to create experimental programs.Sound field thresholds and speech perception were measured at 50 dBHL for three experimental and everyday programs.ConclusionThe results indicated that only reductions of M levels resulted in significantly(p<0.01)poor aided thresholds and speech perception.On the other hand,variation in T levels did not have significant changes in either sound field thresholds or speech perception.The results highlight that M levels must be correctly established in order to prevent decreased speech perception and audibility.展开更多
The purpose of this research was to evaluate radiological safety in pediatric radiology in hospitals in the Kongo Central province of the DRC. To this end, we surveyed a convenience sample of 50 health professionals, ...The purpose of this research was to evaluate radiological safety in pediatric radiology in hospitals in the Kongo Central province of the DRC. To this end, we surveyed a convenience sample of 50 health professionals, including 10 radiologists working in the hospitals covered by the survey, to assess the practice of pediatric radiology and the degree of compliance with radiation protection principles for the safety of children and the environment. We collected radiophysical parameters to calculate entrance doses in pediatric radiology in radiology departments to determine the dosimetric level by comparison with the diagnostic reference levels of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). All in all, we found that in Kongo Central in the DRC, many health personnel surveyed reported that more than 30% of requested radiological examinations are not justified. Also, after comparing the entrance doses produced in the surveyed departments with those of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), a statistically significant difference was found in pediatric radiology between the average doses in five out of six surveyed departments and those of the ICRP. Therefore, almost all of the surveyed departments were found to be highly irradiating in children, while excessive X-ray irradiation in children can have significant effects due to their increased sensitivity to radiation. Among the risks are: increased cancer risks, damage to developing cells, potential genetic effects, and neurological effects. This is why support for implementing radiation protection principles is a necessity to promote the safety of patients and the environment against the harmful effects of X-rays in conventional radiology.展开更多
With the increase of international trade activities and the gradual melting of the polar ice cap,the importance of the Arctic route for marine transportation has been emphasized.Prediction of the polar navigation wind...With the increase of international trade activities and the gradual melting of the polar ice cap,the importance of the Arctic route for marine transportation has been emphasized.Prediction of the polar navigation window period is crucial for navigating in the Arctic route,which is of great significance to the selection of the route and the optimization of navigation.This paper introduces the establishment of a risk index system,determination of risk index weight,establishment of a risk evaluation model,and prediction algorithm for the window period.In addition,data sources of both environmental factors and ship factors are introducted,and their shortcomings are analyzed,followed by introduction of various methods involved in window prediction and analysis of their advantages and disadvantages.The quantitative risk evaluation and window period algorithm can provide a reference for the research of polar navigation window period prediction.展开更多
The Thwaites Glacier in western Antarctica(Fig. 1) keeps glaciologists and climate scientists awake at night. The 120 kmwide glacier loses about 45 billion tonnes of ice each year, accounting for about 4% of global se...The Thwaites Glacier in western Antarctica(Fig. 1) keeps glaciologists and climate scientists awake at night. The 120 kmwide glacier loses about 45 billion tonnes of ice each year, accounting for about 4% of global sea level rise [1]. If it melted completely, sea levels would climb 65 cm, and follow-on effects could lead to a 3 m increase [2]. But if some scientists' vision becomes reality, in 10–15 years construction crews will sail into the Amundsen Sea off Antarctica to begin building an 80 km long underwater curtain that will shield the glacier from the warm currents that are accelerating its decline [3].展开更多
文摘Recently, Islamic banks have been presented as an alternative to conventional banks. Indeed, Islamic banks have proved their worth during the 2009 crisis. They are known like an ethical bank. In Tunisia, only three Islamic banks exist. Even the conventional banks are interested to offer Islamic banking products and services; they are called Islamic banking window. This paper aims to determine the level of acceptance of Islamic banking window on Tunisian consumers and the impact of the social professional category on it. The research questions as follows： Are the consumers familiar with the financial Islamic products？ Did they perceive any differences between conventional and Islamic financial products？ What are the levels of acceptance of an Islamic banking product offered by a conventional bank？ In this respect, a questionnaire was administrated to a sample size of 120 people constituted of 54% men and 46% women from Tunis City. Three types of social professional category are found： 62% employee, 32% senior, and 6% profession. The data were processed by SPSS 21. The results showed that the majority of the respondents have a lack of knowledge of the Islamic banking products. The majority of the respondents don＇t see any differences between the product name of conventional and Islamic banking products. The acceptance level of an Islamic banking product offered by a conventional bank is very satisfying, 53% of the respondents are certain to purchase an Islamic banking product from a conventional bank and 42% are not sure. Only 5% refused.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020SKA0110300)the Joint Research Fund in Astronomy(U1831204 and U1931141)under cooperative agreement between the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)+7 种基金the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)(NSFC,No.11903009)the Funds for International Cooperation and Exchange of the NSFC(11961141001)Yunnan Key Research and Development Program(2018IA054)The Key Science and Technology Program of Henan Province(Nos.202102210152,212102210611 and 202102210125)the Research and Cultivation Fund Project of Anyang Normal University(AYNUKPY-2019-24 and AYNUKPY-2020-25)supported by Astronomical Big Data Joint Research Centerco-founded by the National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of Sciences and Alibaba Cloud。
文摘Data archiving is one of the most critical issues for modern astronomical observations.With the development of a new generation of radio telescopes,the transfer and archiving of massive remote data have become urgent problems to be solved.Herein,we present a practical and robust file-level flow-control approach,called the Unlimited Sliding-Window(USW),by referring to the classic flow-control method in the TCP protocol.Based on the USW and the Next Generation Archive System(NGAS)developed for the Murchison Widefield Array telescope,we further implemented an enhanced archive system(ENGAS)using ZeroMQ middleware.The ENGAS substantially improves the transfer performance and ensures the integrity of transferred files.In the tests,the ENGAS is approximately three to twelve times faster than the NGAS and can fully utilize the bandwidth of network links.Thus,for archiving radio observation data,the ENGAS reduces the communication time,improves the bandwidth utilization,and solves the remote synchronous archiving of data from observatories such as Mingantu spectral radioheliograph.It also provides a better reference for the future construction of the Square Kilometer Array(SKA)Science Regional Center.
基金The Joint Research Project for Yangtze River Conservation,No.2022-LHYJ-02-0504-05-08Anhui Provincial Scientific Research Project for Universities,China No.2023AH050508。
文摘To explore water level variations and their dynamic influence on the water quality of Huayang Lakes,the water level from 1967 to 2023 and water quality from 2015 to 2023 were analyzed using the Mann–Kendall trend test,box plots,and violin plots.The results show a notable hydrological rhythm of water level alternation between dry and flood seasons in Huayang Lakes,with an average water level of 12.82 m and a monthly range of 11.21–17.24m.Since 2017,the water level of Huayang Rivers has shown a decreasing trend of–0.02 m/a.Total phosphorus(TP)has become the primary pollutant.The TP concentrations in Longgan Lake(the largest lake)during the dry,rising,flood,and retreating seasons from 2015 to 2023were 0.083,0.061,0.050,and 0.059 mg/L,respectively.The effect of water level on TP was mainly observed during the low-water period.When the water level in the dry season rose to 12.25 and 13.00 m,the percentage of TP exceeding 0.1 mg/L in Longgan Lake decreased to 55.8%and 33.3%,respectively.During the dry season,wind and wave disturbances caused the release of endogenous phosphorus in Huayang Lakes.This led to drastic fluctuations in TP concentration,reducing the correlation between water level and TP.When external control is limited,the water level during the dry season should be maintained between 12.25 and 13.0 m.Additionally,it is necessary to accelerate the restoration of submerged macrophyte species(such as Hydrilla verticillata and Vallisneria natans)in the Huayang Rivers.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.L223013)。
文摘For the diagnostics and health management of lithium-ion batteries,numerous models have been developed to understand their degradation characteristics.These models typically fall into two categories:data-driven models and physical models,each offering unique advantages but also facing limitations.Physics-informed neural networks(PINNs)provide a robust framework to integrate data-driven models with physical principles,ensuring consistency with underlying physics while enabling generalization across diverse operational conditions.This study introduces a PINN-based approach to reconstruct open circuit voltage(OCV)curves and estimate key ageing parameters at both the cell and electrode levels.These parameters include available capacity,electrode capacities,and lithium inventory capacity.The proposed method integrates OCV reconstruction models as functional components into convolutional neural networks(CNNs)and is validated using a public dataset.The results reveal that the estimated ageing parameters closely align with those obtained through offline OCV tests,with errors in reconstructed OCV curves remaining within 15 mV.This demonstrates the ability of the method to deliver fast and accurate degradation diagnostics at the electrode level,advancing the potential for precise and efficient battery health management.
基金the Science and Technology Innovation Project of the Laoshan Laboratory (No. LSKJ202203402)the Major Research Project on the Tethys Geodynamic System from the National Science Foundation of China (No. 92055204)。
文摘Fluvial systems play a crucial role in coastal and riverine ecosystems, making it essential to understand their responses to sea level changes for preserving biodiversity and managing natural resources. The evolution of the modern Indus River Delta offers a rare opportunity to study the interplay between sea level fluctuations, tectonism, sediment supply, and the corresponding fluvial responses. This study employs the ‘SedSim' stratigraphic forward model to simulate the delta's evolution from 200 kyr to the next5 kyr, drawing on data from field observations, Landsat imagery, digital elevation models, and previous studies. The model consists of 205 layers, each representing a 1-kyr time step, covering the last two glacial-interglacial cycles. Between 200 kyr and 130 kyr, during a lowstand period, sedimentation on the delta plain continued due to partial flow from the Indus River. During the last interglacial(130–60 kyr), rising sea levels led to peak sediment deposition, characteristic of a highstand phase. From 60 kyr to 18 kyr, sea levels dropped to their lowest during the Last Glacial Maximum(LGM), resulting in extensive erosion and minimal deposition on the delta plain. From 18 kyr to the present, rapidly rising sea levels, coupled with intensified monsoon activity, increased sedimentation rates and triggered avulsion and aggradation processes. The model accurately predicted depositional thickness across the delta plain, indicating a maximum of ca. 200 m at the shoreline platform, ca. 175 m in the northeastern delta, and ca. 100 m in the central delta. The study underscores the delta's vulnerability to future sea level rise, which–at a projected rate of 1 m/kyr–could significantly influence the densely populated, low-lying delta plain. These findings offer valuable insights into the geomorphic evolution of the Indus Delta and emphasize the socioeconomic implications of sea level change, underscoring the importance of proactive management and adaptation strategies.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos(Nos.12127806,62175195)the International Joint Research Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies。
文摘Transparent materials utilized as underwater optical windows are highly vulnerable to various forms of pollution or abrasion due to their intrinsic hydrophilic properties.This susceptibility is particularly pronounced in underwater environments where pollutants can impede the operation of these optical devices,significantly degrading or even compromising their optical properties.The glass catfish,known for its remarkable transparency in water,maintains surface cleanliness and clarity despite exposure to contaminants,impurities abrasion,and hydraulic pressure.Inspired by the glass catfish’s natural attributes,this study introduces a new solution named subaquatic abrasion-resistant and anti-fouling window(SAAW).Utilizing femtosecond laser ablation and electrodeposition,the SAAW is engineered by embedding fine metal bone structures into a transparent substrate and anti-fouling sliding layer,akin to the sturdy bones among catfish’s body.This approach significantly bolsters the window’s abrasion resistance and anti-fouling performance while maintaining high light transmittance.The sliding layer on the SAAW’s surface remarkably reduces the friction of various liquids,which is the reason that SAAW owns the great anti-fouling property.The SAAW demonstrates outstanding optical clarity even after enduring hundreds of sandpaper abrasions,attributing to the fine metal bone structures bearing all external forces and protecting the sliding layer of SAAW.Furthermore,it exhibits exceptional resistance to biological adhesion and underwater pressure.In a green algae environment,the window remains clean with minimal change in transmittance over one month.Moreover,it retains its wettability and anti-fouling properties when subjected to a depth of 30 m of underwater pressure for 30 d.Hence,the SAAW prepared by femtosecond laser ablation and electrodeposition presents a promising strategy for developing stable optical windows in liquid environments.
文摘Computed tomography is an indispensable X-ray imaging modality used to diagnose numerous pathologies, but it can also involve the delivery of high ionizing radiation doses harmful to the health of patients. This study aims to survey the level of radiation doses delivered to child patients during head exams in CT imaging to set up the Dosimetric Reference Levels (DRLs), a routine dose optimization tool, based on data acquired at the University Hospital of Angré (UHA), the University Hospital of Treichville (UHT) and the Polyclinic Hospital Farah (Farah) for optimizing procedures in Ivorian hospitals. Prospectively performed on 334 CT images of 186 child patients, this study was carried out on CT systems such as Hitachi Scenaria, Sinovision Insitum, and Philips Incisive used respectively at UHA, UHT and Farah. Children’s scan data were classified into four age bands: vol or dose-length product as DLP) value, whatever the hospital, increases with respect to the age of child patients. Based on the 75th percentile of the whole dose distributions, the DRLs of the CTDIvol is 54.37 mGy whatever the age groups and those of the DLP with respect to age bands are 1224.55 mGy∙cm, 1414.06 mGy∙cm, 1632.24 mGy.cm and 1544.57 mGy∙cm, respectively. The averaged values of CTDIvol and DLP smaller than the corresponding DRLs values suggest that practices in our three facilities are optimized. However, comparing our results with those from different international studies, we see that the CTDIvol and DLP values obtained in the present work are higher. These results suggest additional surveys to ensure our DRLs values and efforts from radiologists, imaging technicians and medical physicists to strengthen clinical procedures for the radiation protection of children undergoing CT scans in Côte d’Ivoire.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFF0800903 and 2024YFC2909905)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.42261144669,42262026,and 42273073).
文摘Metallogenic research on structural levels can reveal vertical patterns of mineralization and facilitate the deep exploration of economic minerals.However,research focusing on the correlation between structural levels and mineralization remains limited.In this study,we summarize the deformation patterns and associated mineral deposits observed at different crustal levels(i.e.,surface,shallow,middle,and deep structural levels,corresponding to depths of<2,2-8,8-15,and>15 km,respectively).Furthermore,we examine the genetic association between structural levels and metallogenesis,demonstrating that distinct structural levels are linked to specific types of mineralization.Key factors that vary across crustal levels include temperature,pressure,and fluid circulation.Ore-forming processes involve interactions between structures and fluids under varying temperatures and pressures.Structural levels influence mineralization by controlling the temperatures,pressures,and deformation mechanisms that drive the activation,migration,and enrichment of ore-forming materials.
文摘BackgroundIt's crucial to study the effect of changes in thresholds(T)and most comfortable levels(M)on behavioral measurements in young children using cochlear implants.This would help the clinician with the optimization and validation of programming parameters.ObjectiveThe study has attempted to describe the changes in behavioral responses with modification of T and M levels.MethodsTwenty-five participants in the age range 5 to 12 years using HR90K/HiFocus1J or HR90KAdvantage/HiFocus1J with Harmony speech processors participated in the study.A decrease in T levels,a rise in T levels,or a decrease in M levels in the everyday program were used to create experimental programs.Sound field thresholds and speech perception were measured at 50 dBHL for three experimental and everyday programs.ConclusionThe results indicated that only reductions of M levels resulted in significantly(p<0.01)poor aided thresholds and speech perception.On the other hand,variation in T levels did not have significant changes in either sound field thresholds or speech perception.The results highlight that M levels must be correctly established in order to prevent decreased speech perception and audibility.
文摘The purpose of this research was to evaluate radiological safety in pediatric radiology in hospitals in the Kongo Central province of the DRC. To this end, we surveyed a convenience sample of 50 health professionals, including 10 radiologists working in the hospitals covered by the survey, to assess the practice of pediatric radiology and the degree of compliance with radiation protection principles for the safety of children and the environment. We collected radiophysical parameters to calculate entrance doses in pediatric radiology in radiology departments to determine the dosimetric level by comparison with the diagnostic reference levels of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). All in all, we found that in Kongo Central in the DRC, many health personnel surveyed reported that more than 30% of requested radiological examinations are not justified. Also, after comparing the entrance doses produced in the surveyed departments with those of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), a statistically significant difference was found in pediatric radiology between the average doses in five out of six surveyed departments and those of the ICRP. Therefore, almost all of the surveyed departments were found to be highly irradiating in children, while excessive X-ray irradiation in children can have significant effects due to their increased sensitivity to radiation. Among the risks are: increased cancer risks, damage to developing cells, potential genetic effects, and neurological effects. This is why support for implementing radiation protection principles is a necessity to promote the safety of patients and the environment against the harmful effects of X-rays in conventional radiology.
文摘With the increase of international trade activities and the gradual melting of the polar ice cap,the importance of the Arctic route for marine transportation has been emphasized.Prediction of the polar navigation window period is crucial for navigating in the Arctic route,which is of great significance to the selection of the route and the optimization of navigation.This paper introduces the establishment of a risk index system,determination of risk index weight,establishment of a risk evaluation model,and prediction algorithm for the window period.In addition,data sources of both environmental factors and ship factors are introducted,and their shortcomings are analyzed,followed by introduction of various methods involved in window prediction and analysis of their advantages and disadvantages.The quantitative risk evaluation and window period algorithm can provide a reference for the research of polar navigation window period prediction.
文摘The Thwaites Glacier in western Antarctica(Fig. 1) keeps glaciologists and climate scientists awake at night. The 120 kmwide glacier loses about 45 billion tonnes of ice each year, accounting for about 4% of global sea level rise [1]. If it melted completely, sea levels would climb 65 cm, and follow-on effects could lead to a 3 m increase [2]. But if some scientists' vision becomes reality, in 10–15 years construction crews will sail into the Amundsen Sea off Antarctica to begin building an 80 km long underwater curtain that will shield the glacier from the warm currents that are accelerating its decline [3].
