目前国内企业的办公环境,基本上是PC及其网络的天下,然而该环境存在这样的不足:在未经培训的情况下,一般员工完全无法应付办公过程中PC出现的任何硬软件异常情况;PC的不可靠性和用户操作的不可预测性,导致系统维护人员将大量的时间耗费...目前国内企业的办公环境,基本上是PC及其网络的天下,然而该环境存在这样的不足:在未经培训的情况下,一般员工完全无法应付办公过程中PC出现的任何硬软件异常情况;PC的不可靠性和用户操作的不可预测性,导致系统维护人员将大量的时间耗费在使用PC的行为监测上;大量的硬件故障加大了维护工作量;PC环境大量的病毒及来自网络的黑客攻击对企业信息资源造成了极大的威胁;分散保存的业务资料和数据,有被人恶意盗用的可能;PC一般两三年就要进行升级以适应新的软件,加大了企业的办公成本.怎样在很大程度上改善这些不足呢?使用WBT(Windows Based Ter-mimal也称Windows终端)系统就是一个不错的解决方法.展开更多
Utilizing multispectral satellite data and digital elevation models (DEMs) has emerged as the primary approach for cartographically representing landforms. By using high-resolution satellite photos that capture spatia...Utilizing multispectral satellite data and digital elevation models (DEMs) has emerged as the primary approach for cartographically representing landforms. By using high-resolution satellite photos that capture spatial, temporal, spectral, and radiometric data, one may get a fresh comprehension of the geomorphology of a particular area by recognizing its landforms. In addition, a synergistic method is used by using data produced from digital elevation models (DEMs) such as Slope, Aspect, Hillshade, Curvature, Contour Patterns, and 3-D Flythrough Visuals. The increasing use of UAV (drone) technology for obtaining high-resolution digital images and elevation models has become an essential element in developing complete topographic models in landslide scars that are very unstable and prone to erosion. Comparison (differences in values) of seven (7) different DEMs between two algorithms used, i.e., QGIS and White Box Tool (WBT), were successfully attempted in the present research. The TLS, UAV and Satellite data of the study area—Kshetrapal Landslide, Chamoli (District), Uttarakhand (State), India was subjected to two different algorithms (QGIS and WBT) to evaluate and differentiate seven different DEMs (CARTOSAT, ASTER, SRTM, Alos 3D, TanDEM, MERIT, and FabDEM/FATHOM) taking into consideration various parameters viz. Aspect, Hillshade, Slope, Mean Curvature, Plan Curvature, Profile Curvature and Total Curvature. The different values of aforesaid parameters of various DEMs evaluated (using algorithms QIGS and WBT) reveal that only three parameters, i.e., Aspect, Hillshade, and Slope, show results. In contrast, the remaining ones do not show any meaningful results, and therefore, the comparison was possible only with regard to these three parameters. The comparison is drawn by comparing minimum, maximum, and elevation values (by subtracting WBT values from QGIS values) regarding Aspect, Hillshade, and Slope, arranging the differences in values as per their importance. (Increasing or decreasing order), assigning merit scores individually, and then cumulatively, and ascertaining the order of application suitability of various Dems, which stand in the order of (CARTOSAT, ASTER, SRTM, Alos 3D, TanDEM, and MERIT, and FabDEM/FATHOM).展开更多
文摘目前国内企业的办公环境,基本上是PC及其网络的天下,然而该环境存在这样的不足:在未经培训的情况下,一般员工完全无法应付办公过程中PC出现的任何硬软件异常情况;PC的不可靠性和用户操作的不可预测性,导致系统维护人员将大量的时间耗费在使用PC的行为监测上;大量的硬件故障加大了维护工作量;PC环境大量的病毒及来自网络的黑客攻击对企业信息资源造成了极大的威胁;分散保存的业务资料和数据,有被人恶意盗用的可能;PC一般两三年就要进行升级以适应新的软件,加大了企业的办公成本.怎样在很大程度上改善这些不足呢?使用WBT(Windows Based Ter-mimal也称Windows终端)系统就是一个不错的解决方法.
文摘Utilizing multispectral satellite data and digital elevation models (DEMs) has emerged as the primary approach for cartographically representing landforms. By using high-resolution satellite photos that capture spatial, temporal, spectral, and radiometric data, one may get a fresh comprehension of the geomorphology of a particular area by recognizing its landforms. In addition, a synergistic method is used by using data produced from digital elevation models (DEMs) such as Slope, Aspect, Hillshade, Curvature, Contour Patterns, and 3-D Flythrough Visuals. The increasing use of UAV (drone) technology for obtaining high-resolution digital images and elevation models has become an essential element in developing complete topographic models in landslide scars that are very unstable and prone to erosion. Comparison (differences in values) of seven (7) different DEMs between two algorithms used, i.e., QGIS and White Box Tool (WBT), were successfully attempted in the present research. The TLS, UAV and Satellite data of the study area—Kshetrapal Landslide, Chamoli (District), Uttarakhand (State), India was subjected to two different algorithms (QGIS and WBT) to evaluate and differentiate seven different DEMs (CARTOSAT, ASTER, SRTM, Alos 3D, TanDEM, MERIT, and FabDEM/FATHOM) taking into consideration various parameters viz. Aspect, Hillshade, Slope, Mean Curvature, Plan Curvature, Profile Curvature and Total Curvature. The different values of aforesaid parameters of various DEMs evaluated (using algorithms QIGS and WBT) reveal that only three parameters, i.e., Aspect, Hillshade, and Slope, show results. In contrast, the remaining ones do not show any meaningful results, and therefore, the comparison was possible only with regard to these three parameters. The comparison is drawn by comparing minimum, maximum, and elevation values (by subtracting WBT values from QGIS values) regarding Aspect, Hillshade, and Slope, arranging the differences in values as per their importance. (Increasing or decreasing order), assigning merit scores individually, and then cumulatively, and ascertaining the order of application suitability of various Dems, which stand in the order of (CARTOSAT, ASTER, SRTM, Alos 3D, TanDEM, and MERIT, and FabDEM/FATHOM).
