Photoreforming is an emerging photocatalytic process that converts organic waste into hydrogen H2 using solar energy,offering a dual solution for waste valorization and sustainable fuel production.This review comprehe...Photoreforming is an emerging photocatalytic process that converts organic waste into hydrogen H2 using solar energy,offering a dual solution for waste valorization and sustainable fuel production.This review comprehensively examines the fundamental mechanisms of photoreforming,emphasizing the critical role of photocatalyst design in optimizing hydrogen evolution.Key criteria for effective photocatalysts including suitable band edge positions,broad spectrum solar absorption,and photostability are systematically analyzed alongside advances in heterojunction engineering and defect modulation.The review further explores diverse waste-derived feedstocks,such as biomass:alcohols,saccharides,lignin and plastics:PET,PLA,polyolefins,highlighting substrate,specific challenges and pretreatment strategies.Despite progress,challenges like catalyst deactivation,limited visible-light utilization,and scalability persist.Future directions advocate for robust photocatalyst engineering,mechanistic insights into charge dynamics,and scalable reactor designs to realize photoreforming’s potential as a sustainable hydrogen production technology.展开更多
In this study,Bacillus mojavensis and Lactiplantibacillus herbarum were used to co-treat kitchen waste(KW)with Black soldier fly larvae(BSFL).The effects on the physicochemical properties,heavy metal content,and micro...In this study,Bacillus mojavensis and Lactiplantibacillus herbarum were used to co-treat kitchen waste(KW)with Black soldier fly larvae(BSFL).The effects on the physicochemical properties,heavy metal content,and microbial community of the BSFL sand were determined.Compared to the control group,the L.herbarum inoculation reduced 19.04%of the soluble salt(TSS),15.48%of Ni,and 13.04%of Zn in the residues;the B.mojavensis inoculation reduced 23.84%of TSS,13.61%of Pb,and 20.32%of the Ni in the residues;the L.herbarum and B.mojavensis inoculation reduced 29.53%of Cr,20.23%of Pb,18.06%of Ni,and 25.68%of the Zn in the residues.The microbial inoculants significantly enhanced the BSFL sand microbial diversity(Tukey,P<0.05).The dominant phylum and genus in the BSFL sand were Firmicutes(53.08%)and Corynebacterium(47.01%),respectively.The microbial inoculants resulted in an approximate 12%reduction in Corynebacterium.The linear discriminant analysis effective size analysis showed that the Corynebacterium abundance was significantly reduced.The microbial inoculants significantly affected the Corynebacterium relative abundance by significantly altering the substrate TSS,moisture content,and Ni.In conclusion,the effect of B.mojavensis and L.herbarum on the BSFL treatment of KW was beneficial,and their potential should be further exploited.展开更多
Waste graphitization cathode carbon blocks are a type of hazardous solid waste generated during the aluminum electrolysis process,and their proper disposal is a key step in the resource utilization of discarded graphi...Waste graphitization cathode carbon blocks are a type of hazardous solid waste generated during the aluminum electrolysis process,and their proper disposal is a key step in the resource utilization of discarded graphite.This study utilizes the porous“defect advantage”of a cathode carbon block matrix to prepare silicon-doped and asphalt-coated detoxified and purified waste graphitization cathode carbon blocks for use as high-performance silicon/carbon composite anode materials.The results show that the uniformly silicondoped silicon/carbon composite material features a unique amorphous carbon-encapsulated“locked silicon”structure,which effectively addresses issues such as cathode volume expansion,excessive growth of the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)film,and poor electrical contact between active materials.Consequently,electrochemical performance is enhanced.After assembly in a half-cell,the PSCC/10%Si@C(purified waste graphitization cathode carbon/10%Si@C)material exhibits optimal electrochemical stability,with an initial charging specific capacity of 514.5 mAh/g at 0.1 C(1 C=170 mA/g)and a capacity retention rate of 95.1%after 100 cycles.At a charge rate of 2.0 C,a specific capacity of 216.9 mAh/g is achieved.This technology provides a new pathway for the economical and high-value utilization of waste cathode carbon blocks and the development of low-cost,high-performance anode materials.展开更多
This study aims to prepare ternary all-solid-waste cementitious materials to completely replace ordinary Portland cement(OPC).Ground granulated blast-furnace slag(GGBS),carbide slag(CS),sulfate solid waste phosphogyps...This study aims to prepare ternary all-solid-waste cementitious materials to completely replace ordinary Portland cement(OPC).Ground granulated blast-furnace slag(GGBS),carbide slag(CS),sulfate solid waste phosphogypsum(PG),electrolytic manganese residue(EMR)and desulfurized gypsum(DG)were used as raw materials to prepare GGBS-PG-CS(GPC),GGBS-EMR-CS(GEC)and GGBS-DG-CS(GDC)ternary all-solid-waste cementitious materials.Macro and microscopic tests were carried out to reveal the mechanical properties and microscopic characteristics,as well as to quantitatively evaluate the environmental and economic benefits.The results show that the optimal ratios of GPC,GEC and GDC are 80:18:2,60:36:4 and 80:18:2,respectively.The corresponding 28 d-unconfined compressive strength(UCS)are 1.62,1.22 and 1.01 times that of OPC,respectively.Carbon emissions and costs per unit strength can be reduced by more than 97%and 57%,respectively.Microscopic analysis shows that the incorporation of sulfate solid waste can synergistically activate GGBS with CS to induce the growth of more needle-like ettringite(AFt),which filled the internal pores and improved the strength of the cementitious material.The better mechanical properties of solidified engineering sediment waste(ESW)also confirm the feasibility of replacing OPC.In summary,this study developed all-solid-waste cementitious materials with excellent mechanical performance,low costs and carbon emissions,which provided a sustainable and economic solution for ESW stabilization.展开更多
The global energy landscape is undergoing a profound transformation,with wind energy,especially wind power,gaining increasing prominence due to its clean,renewable nature.However,as the installed capacity of wind powe...The global energy landscape is undergoing a profound transformation,with wind energy,especially wind power,gaining increasing prominence due to its clean,renewable nature.However,as the installed capacity of wind power continues to expand,the disposal of waste wind turbine blades(WWTB)has emerged as a significant challenge.These blades are predominantly composed of epoxy resin(EP)polymers,carbon fibers(CFs),and glass fibers(GFs).Improper disposal not only exacerbates environmental concerns but also leads to the loss of valuable resources,particularly carbon-based materials.Pyrolysis technology,a versatile and environmentally sustainable method for resource recovery,has garnered considerable attention in the context of WWTB disposal.This work presents a comprehensive review of the pyrolytic recycling of WWTB,focusing on the principles and classifications of pyrolysis technology,key factors influencing the pyrolysis process,as well as the pyrolysis methods,equipment,products,and their applications.Through an in-depth analysis of the current research on the pyrolytic recycling of WWTB,this review identifies critical unresolved issues in the field and provides a forward-looking perspective on emerging research trends.展开更多
The application and promotion of waste glass powder concrete(WGPC)cansignificantly alleviate the pressure of concrete material scarcity and environmental pollution.Compressive strength(CS)is a critical parameter for e...The application and promotion of waste glass powder concrete(WGPC)cansignificantly alleviate the pressure of concrete material scarcity and environmental pollution.Compressive strength(CS)is a critical parameter for evaluating the efficacy of WGPC.Unlike conventional testing methods,machine learning techniques offer precise and reliable predictions of concrete’s compressive strength,especially in its long-term mechanical properties.In this work,four models,namely Multiple Linear Regression(MLR),Back Propagation Neural Network(BPNN),Support Vector Regression(SVR),and Random Forest Regression(RFR)were employed.Furthermore,particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm and cross-validation techniques were applied to fine-tune the model parameters,striving for peak prediction performance.The results indicated that optimized models generally exhibit enhanced predictive accuracy compared to their basic counterparts.Notably,the PSO-RFR model excels among all evaluated models,showcasing superior performance on the testing dataset.It achieves a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.9231,a mean absolute error(MAE)of 2.1073,and a root mean square error(RMSE)of 3.6903.When compared to experimental results,the PSO-RFR and PSO-BPNN models demonstrate exceptional predictive accuracy.Notably,the PSO-BPNN model exhibits the closest R^(2)values between its training and test sets.This close alignment of R^(2)values between the training and testing sets reflects the PSO-BPNN model’s superior generalization ability for unseen data.The findings present an efficient method for predicting concrete’s compressive strength,contributing to the sustainable development of concrete materials,and providing theoretical support for their research and application.展开更多
Europe is grappling with a colossal textile waste problem.Over 125 million tonnes of raw materials are devoured by the global industry each year,yet a mere fraction-less than 1%-of these fibres originate from recycled...Europe is grappling with a colossal textile waste problem.Over 125 million tonnes of raw materials are devoured by the global industry each year,yet a mere fraction-less than 1%-of these fibres originate from recycled textiles.The majority faces an unsustainable fate in landfills,incinerators,or is exported.A pivotal new report by Systemiq,"The Textile Recycling Breakthrough,"offers both a stark assessment and a strategic roadmap:Europe has the potential to amplify polyester textile recycling nearly tenfold by 2035,but this hinges on immediate,decisive action from policymakers and the industry.展开更多
Bio-upcycling is an emerging end-of-life strategy for the polymer waste treatment that uses the power of mi-croorganisms to biocatalyticaly convert the pre-treated polymer waste monomers into high-added materials.Poly...Bio-upcycling is an emerging end-of-life strategy for the polymer waste treatment that uses the power of mi-croorganisms to biocatalyticaly convert the pre-treated polymer waste monomers into high-added materials.Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET),one of the leading synthetic polyesters in the global polymer market,produced from petrol based feedstock,still has no completely green alternative to meet global demand.Therefore,putting the PET based waste into a circular loop has become one of the major challenges of plastic waste management.In that context,the present study addressed the conversion of PET containing hydrolysates collected after the thermal pretreatment into bacterial nanocellulose(BNC),nowadays one of the most promising biopolymers produced in a sustainable manner.After the optimization of the BNC production cultivated under different conditions in PET hydrolysates,in a static way,the optimal conditions(yield of 3.0 mg/ml)was applied for scaling up.To further open the applicative potential of the BNC produced from PET containing plastic waste,platinum nanoparticles were deposited onto BNC developing new catalyst active in the methanol oxidation re-action.In order to enhance BNC ability to support Pt nanoparticles,it was blended with poly(vinyl alcohol),PVA,producing new PVA/BNC composites,recognized as an improved solid support,rich in hydroxyl groups that serve as an anchor points to Pt deposition.Due to the enrichment of BNC by PVA,it was possible to prepare highly active Pt-based catalyst with only 3 wt% of loaded Pt,which significantly reduce the cost of catalyst production.The cost-effective catalyst was prepared using sodium boron hydride as a reducing agent associated with film casting and fully characterized using FTIR,TGA,XRD,XPS,TEM,SEM-EDX analysis and its potential was confirmed in methanol oxidation reaction.This study explored the circular pathway from PET plastic waste to BNC and further to its potential application in direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC).展开更多
Taking the view that pro-environmental behaviors can have spillover effects,this study examines how household waste separation(an environmental behavior with a high degree of difficulty)impacts consumers’water saving...Taking the view that pro-environmental behaviors can have spillover effects,this study examines how household waste separation(an environmental behavior with a high degree of difficulty)impacts consumers’water saving efforts(an environmental behavior with a low degree of difficulty).We assess the mediating effects of self-efficacy and ego depletion in this relationship and the moderating effect of the need for self-determination in the mediated relationships.The results show separating household waste significantly enhances consumers’water-saving efforts.Both self-efficacy and ego depletion partially mediate the relationship between household waste separation and efforts to reduce water consumption.Specifically,if consumers engage in pro environmental behaviors based on their internal,rather than external sense of moral identity,their sense of self-efficacy increases after separating household,which motivates them to engage in subsequent water-saving behaviors.In addition,consumers’sense of ego depletion declines when they engage in household waste separation,which increases subsequent water-saving behavior.Compared to low-level self-determination needs,high-level self-determination needs weaken the positive impact of household waste separation on consumers’perceived self-efficacy,but strengthens the negative impact of household waste separation on consumers’perceived ego depletion and promotes subsequent water-saving behavior.These findings suggest policymakers should pay attention to the spillover effects pro-environmental behaviors and use household waste separation policies to promote other pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing water consumption.展开更多
This study investigates the performance enhancement of super-sulfated cement(SSC)derived from arsenic-containing bio-oxidation waste(BW)through the incorporation of carbonated recycled concrete fines(CRCF).The finding...This study investigates the performance enhancement of super-sulfated cement(SSC)derived from arsenic-containing bio-oxidation waste(BW)through the incorporation of carbonated recycled concrete fines(CRCF).The findings revealed that the addition of 5wt%CRCF yields optimal performance,with compressive strengths reaching approximately 1.83,12.59,and 42.81 MPa at 1,3,and 28 d,respectively.These values represented significant increases of 408.3%,10.0%,and 14.3%compared to the reference sample.The improvement was attributed to the synergistic effects of ultrafine CRCF particles acting as fillers and nucleation sites,as well as the high reactivity of silica gels,which promoted the formation of additional hydration gels.Microstructural analysis confirmed that CRCF addition refined pore structure,and enhanced the stiffness of C-S-H gels.Furthermore,CRCF served as a net CO_(2) sink,sequestering 0.268 kg CO_(2) per kilogram of CRCF and thereby reducing the carbon footprint of SSC.In addition,the feasibility of applying CRCF-modified SSC in cemented paste backfill(CPB)is highlighted,given the high cement-related carbon footprint of conventional CPB.When 5wt%CRCFmodified SSC was employed in CPB,its 3-d compressive strength attained over 70%of that of ordinary Portland cement(OPC),while the 28-d strength was comparable to that of OPC.The proposed binder thus provides a sustainable pathway for BW valorization,combining waste utilization,carbon sequestration,and improved engineering performance.展开更多
To deal with a polluted by-product of coal production,central China’s Shanxi Province has explored a governance path that addresses both the symptoms and root causes.
Improving energy efficiency and lowering negative environmental impact through waste heat recovery(WHR)is a critical step toward sustainable cement manufacturing.This study analyzes advanced cogeneration systems for r...Improving energy efficiency and lowering negative environmental impact through waste heat recovery(WHR)is a critical step toward sustainable cement manufacturing.This study analyzes advanced cogeneration systems for recovering waste heat from the Fallujah White Cement Plant in Iraq.The novelty of this work lies in its direct application and comparative thermodynamic analysis of three distinct cogeneration cycles—the Organic Rankine Cycle,the Single-Flash Steam Cycle,and the Dual-Pressure Steam Cycle—within the Iraqi cement industry,a context that has not been widely studied.The main objective is to evaluate and compare these models to determine the most effective approach for enhancing energy and exergy efficiencies.Themethodology involved detailed thermodynamic and exergy analyses of each system,supported by mathematical modelling and simulation using data from plant operations.The results reveal that the Dual-Pressure Steam Cycle emerged as the most effective system,delivering 13.76 MW of net power with a thermal efficiency of 32.8%and an exergy efficiency of 51%.This significantly outperformed the baseline Organic Rankine Cycle(8.18MW,18.8%thermal efficiency,30.7%exergy efficiency).These findings confirm that multipressure steam cycles offer a robust and practical solution for the Fallujah plant.This application provides a clear,high-impact pathway to enhance national industrial energy efficiency,significantly reduce CO_(2) emissions,and promote clean energy sustainability in Iraq.Future work should consider economic feasibility and potential integration with renewable energy sources to further enhance sustainability.展开更多
The valorization of agricultural waste into high-value nanomaterials is crucial for advancing sustainable biorefineries.This study presents an efficient approach for extracting carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs...The valorization of agricultural waste into high-value nanomaterials is crucial for advancing sustainable biorefineries.This study presents an efficient approach for extracting carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs)from poplar leaf waste(PL),an abundant and underutilized biomass.The process involved alkaline treatment and hydrogen peroxide bleaching to purify cellulose(PL-CEL),followed by sequential periodate-chlorite oxidation to produce dicarboxylic cellulose nanocrystals(PL-CNCs).The resulting nanocrystals were comprehensively characterized using compositional analysis,XRD,FTIR,TEM,TGA,and zeta potential measurements.XRD analysis confirmed a high crystallinity index of 82%for PL-CEL,which decreased to 72.2%after oxidation due to the introduction of carboxyl groups.FTIR spectra revealed a prominent peak at 1720 cm-1,confirming successful carboxylation.TEM images showed rod-like nanocrystalswith an average length of 271.22 nmand width of 14.68 nm,while conductometric titration indicated a carboxyl content of 1.9 mmol/g.The PL-CNCs exhibited good colloidal stability with a zeta potential of-30.2mV at pH7.0.TGA demonstratedmoderate thermal stability with enhanced char formation.This work highlights a green and scalable route for converting poplar leaf waste into functional nanocellulose,suitable for applications in composites,adsorption,and sustainable materials.The novelty of this study lies in the pioneering use of poplar leaf waste combined with a sequential periodate-chlorite oxidation to sustainably produce carboxylated CNCs with enhanced functionality.展开更多
Photocatalytic C-N coupling reactions using waste plastic-and biomass-based feedstocks with nitrogen-containing species have emerged as a promising route for the synthesis of high-value chemicals such as amides and am...Photocatalytic C-N coupling reactions using waste plastic-and biomass-based feedstocks with nitrogen-containing species have emerged as a promising route for the synthesis of high-value chemicals such as amides and amino acids.However,the complexity of multistep reaction routes and the presence of competing side reactions pose significant challenges,often leading to low yield and poor selectivity of target products.To substantially enhance the efficiency and selectivity of C-N coupling reactions,it is imperative to gain a thorough understanding of the underlying reaction mechanisms and to develop highly active photocatalysts.Such catalysts must be capable of effectively activating diverse substrates while maintaining an appropriate balance between the adsorption and desorption of carbon-and nitrogen-containing intermediates or radical species.In this review,we systematically summarize recent advances in photocatalytic C-N coupling for the production of amides and amino acids from waste plastic-and biomass-based feedstocks,with particular focus on catalyst selection,process design,control of reaction intermediates,and catalytic mechanisms.Furthermore,the technoeconomic feasibility and environmental impact of these C-N coupling reactions are evaluated using technoeconomic analysis and life-cycle assessment.Lastly,the current challenges and future prospects in this field are also discussed.This review aims to provide valuable insights for the development of high-efficiency photocatalytic C-N coupling reactions and to deepen the understanding of their catalytic mechanisms.展开更多
Recycling of waste rubber(WR)is crucial for the sustainable development of the rubber industry.The enhancement of interfacial interactions is the main strategy for waste polymer recycling.However,there is a lack of me...Recycling of waste rubber(WR)is crucial for the sustainable development of the rubber industry.The enhancement of interfacial interactions is the main strategy for waste polymer recycling.However,there is a lack of methods for enhancing the interfacial interactions for WR recycling because WR contains abundant inert C―H bonds.Herein,we designed thioctic acid inverse vulcanization copolymers to endow recycled WR with dynamic disulfide interfacial interactions,significantly improving the mechanical properties of recycled WR.These disulfide interfacial interactions among the recycled WR tend to exchange,which dramatically increases the fractocohesive length and prevents stress concentration near the crack tips.When recycled WR is subjected to external stress,the loads are redistributed across a broad region of adjacent regions instead of being concentrated on a limited length scale,which resists crack propagation.This work effectively recycled WR,providing a strategy for solvent-free reaction-derived inverse vulcanization copolymers to improve the toughness of WR recycling.展开更多
Bio-carbonation of reactive MgO has been regarded as a promising and eco-friendly method for construction and demolition waste(CDW)cementation in various geotechnical engineering applications.However,the beneficial ef...Bio-carbonation of reactive MgO has been regarded as a promising and eco-friendly method for construction and demolition waste(CDW)cementation in various geotechnical engineering applications.However,the beneficial effect of bio-carbonation of reactive MgO cemented CDW(BCM-samples)can be altered when exposed to wetting-drying cycles induced by extreme climate changes or groundwater fluctuations.To better understand the durability of BCM-samples and their underlying deterioration mechanisms,a series of BCM-samples was prepared to investigate their physical-mechanical performance and microstructure evolution subjected to the wetting-drying cycles.The results indicated that the wetting-drying cycles can deteriorate the BCM-samples,and their physical-mechanical behaviors change quickly at the cycle beginning and then smoothly after 2 cycles.With the increase in cycling,the apparent deterioration with efflorescence and microcrack development can be observed.The mass loss and water absorption rates increased while the dry density,compressional wave velocity,and unconfined compression strength decreased.Urea pre-hydrolysis treatment can significantly improve the durability of BCM-samples,as the more hydrated magnesia carbonates(HMCs)enhance the cementing effects.After 10 cycles,the UCS of pre-hydrolyzed samples decreased 25.4%to 4.45 MPa,while that of ordinary samples decreased 50.7%to 1.20 MPa.The deterioration of BCM-samples caused by wetting-drying cycles can be attributed to two factors.One of the main factors is the structural integrity changes caused by the rapid loss of soluble material at the initial cycling stages.Another factor is the decrease in cementation induced by the loss of brucite and HMCs at the following cycle stages.展开更多
This study explores the use of black soldier fly larvae protein as a bio-based adhesive to produce particleboards from sugarcane bagasse.A comprehensive evaluation was conducted,including rheological characterization ...This study explores the use of black soldier fly larvae protein as a bio-based adhesive to produce particleboards from sugarcane bagasse.A comprehensive evaluation was conducted,including rheological characterization of the adhesive and physical–mechanical testing of the panels according to European standards.The black soldier fly larvae-based adhesive exhibited gel-like viscoelastic behavior,rapid partial structural recovery after shear,and favorable application properties.Particleboards manufactured with this adhesive and sugarcane bagasse achieved promising mechanical performance,with modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity values of 30.2 and 3500 MPa,respectively.Internal bond strength exceeded 0.4 MPa,complying with European standard 312-3 specifications.For comparative purposes,a panel made with Eucalyptus grandis particles was also produced under the same conditions to demonstrate the versatility of the adhesive system.Compared to other bio-based and synthetic adhesives,this bio-based system showed competitive performance and derives from the bioconversion of organic residues.Protein adhesives were synthesized fromHermetia illucens larvae grown commercially on agriculturalwaste frompotato chip production,emphasizing the renewable origin of both the biomass and the final adhesive.These results highlight the potential of insect proteins as sustainable and circular alternatives for the wood panel industry.展开更多
Governed by the second law of thermodynamics,waste heat generation is inevitable and has been a major source of energy loss and environmental concern in human society.Harvesting waste heat into useful energy has thus ...Governed by the second law of thermodynamics,waste heat generation is inevitable and has been a major source of energy loss and environmental concern in human society.Harvesting waste heat into useful energy has thus become a paramount priority,but has remained challenging with efficiency and cost constraints.Thermoelectric generators(TEGs),which convert heat into electricity whenever there is a temperature difference,play a crucial role in waste heat harvesting.However,sustaining the temperature difference for uninterrupted and high-power density electricity generation is a major challenge in TEGs to achieve practical applications due to the thermal equilibrium.Here,we demonstrate a diurnal waste heat harvester by integrating a high-power radiative cooling film as the cool end of TEGs to enable a large and continuous temperature difference.Significant voltage increase from 30.0 mV to 65.7 mV was achieved,leading to a dramatic power density enhancement of 4.8 times from 35.2 mW m^(-2)to 168.6 mW m^(-2).In an open zone,an ultra-high power density of 2.76 W m^(-2)was achieved at a heat source temperature of 80°C,exceeding the performance of state-of-the-art radiatively cooled TEGs.More importantly,a portable and foldable thermal energy harvesting prototype composed of 24 TEGs arranged in an array has been constructed.When attached to a hot object(e.g.a car engine hood),it can output 5 V to charge personal electronics(e.g.a cellphone),making it a promising practical device for harvesting waste heat in a wide range of outdoor applications.展开更多
The electromagnetic wave absorption of silicon carbide nanowires is improved by their uniform and diverse cross-structures.This study introduces a sustainable and high value-added method for synthesizing silicon carbi...The electromagnetic wave absorption of silicon carbide nanowires is improved by their uniform and diverse cross-structures.This study introduces a sustainable and high value-added method for synthesizing silicon carbide nanowires using lignite and waste silicon powder as raw materials through carbothermal reduction.The staggered structure of nanowires promotes the creation of interfacial polarization,impedance matching,and multiple loss mechanisms,leading to enhanced electromagnetic absorption performance.The silicon carbide nanowires demonstrate outstanding electromagnetic absorption capabilities with the minimum reflection loss of-48.09 d B at10.08 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth(the reflection loss less than-10 d B)ranging from 8.54 to 16.68 GHz with a thickness of 2.17 mm.This research presents an innovative approach for utilizing solid waste in an environmentally friendly manner to produce broadband silicon carbide composite absorbers.展开更多
Utilization of ceramic wastes to fabricate concrete can not only effectively dispose the wastes,but also reduce the energy and source consumptions.Therefore,we fabricated a green ultra high performance concrete using ...Utilization of ceramic wastes to fabricate concrete can not only effectively dispose the wastes,but also reduce the energy and source consumptions.Therefore,we fabricated a green ultra high performance concrete using ceramic waste powder(CWP)to replace 55%of cement,and ceramic waste aggregate(CWA)to replace 100%natural quartz sand.However,high content of ceramic wastes will harm the concrete performance including workability and mechanical properties.Therefore,a low-cost and low carbon nano-calcium carbonate(NC)was introduced to compensate for the defects caused by large amounts of CWP and CWA to workability and mechanical behavior.The experimental results show that the workability of ultra high performance concrete with large amounts of CWP and CWA(UHPCLCC)increases by 28.57%with NC content of 5%.Moreover,the flexural strengths,fracture energy,compressive strengths,and compressive toughness of UHPCLCC increase up to 29.6%,56.5%,20.4%,and 37.6%,respectively,which is caused by the nano-core effect of NC.展开更多
基金supported by Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS and the Institute of Technology PETRONAS Sdn.Bhd.(ITPSB)through the Graduate Assistantship Scheme。
文摘Photoreforming is an emerging photocatalytic process that converts organic waste into hydrogen H2 using solar energy,offering a dual solution for waste valorization and sustainable fuel production.This review comprehensively examines the fundamental mechanisms of photoreforming,emphasizing the critical role of photocatalyst design in optimizing hydrogen evolution.Key criteria for effective photocatalysts including suitable band edge positions,broad spectrum solar absorption,and photostability are systematically analyzed alongside advances in heterojunction engineering and defect modulation.The review further explores diverse waste-derived feedstocks,such as biomass:alcohols,saccharides,lignin and plastics:PET,PLA,polyolefins,highlighting substrate,specific challenges and pretreatment strategies.Despite progress,challenges like catalyst deactivation,limited visible-light utilization,and scalability persist.Future directions advocate for robust photocatalyst engineering,mechanistic insights into charge dynamics,and scalable reactor designs to realize photoreforming’s potential as a sustainable hydrogen production technology.
文摘In this study,Bacillus mojavensis and Lactiplantibacillus herbarum were used to co-treat kitchen waste(KW)with Black soldier fly larvae(BSFL).The effects on the physicochemical properties,heavy metal content,and microbial community of the BSFL sand were determined.Compared to the control group,the L.herbarum inoculation reduced 19.04%of the soluble salt(TSS),15.48%of Ni,and 13.04%of Zn in the residues;the B.mojavensis inoculation reduced 23.84%of TSS,13.61%of Pb,and 20.32%of the Ni in the residues;the L.herbarum and B.mojavensis inoculation reduced 29.53%of Cr,20.23%of Pb,18.06%of Ni,and 25.68%of the Zn in the residues.The microbial inoculants significantly enhanced the BSFL sand microbial diversity(Tukey,P<0.05).The dominant phylum and genus in the BSFL sand were Firmicutes(53.08%)and Corynebacterium(47.01%),respectively.The microbial inoculants resulted in an approximate 12%reduction in Corynebacterium.The linear discriminant analysis effective size analysis showed that the Corynebacterium abundance was significantly reduced.The microbial inoculants significantly affected the Corynebacterium relative abundance by significantly altering the substrate TSS,moisture content,and Ni.In conclusion,the effect of B.mojavensis and L.herbarum on the BSFL treatment of KW was beneficial,and their potential should be further exploited.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52274346).
文摘Waste graphitization cathode carbon blocks are a type of hazardous solid waste generated during the aluminum electrolysis process,and their proper disposal is a key step in the resource utilization of discarded graphite.This study utilizes the porous“defect advantage”of a cathode carbon block matrix to prepare silicon-doped and asphalt-coated detoxified and purified waste graphitization cathode carbon blocks for use as high-performance silicon/carbon composite anode materials.The results show that the uniformly silicondoped silicon/carbon composite material features a unique amorphous carbon-encapsulated“locked silicon”structure,which effectively addresses issues such as cathode volume expansion,excessive growth of the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)film,and poor electrical contact between active materials.Consequently,electrochemical performance is enhanced.After assembly in a half-cell,the PSCC/10%Si@C(purified waste graphitization cathode carbon/10%Si@C)material exhibits optimal electrochemical stability,with an initial charging specific capacity of 514.5 mAh/g at 0.1 C(1 C=170 mA/g)and a capacity retention rate of 95.1%after 100 cycles.At a charge rate of 2.0 C,a specific capacity of 216.9 mAh/g is achieved.This technology provides a new pathway for the economical and high-value utilization of waste cathode carbon blocks and the development of low-cost,high-performance anode materials.
基金support from the Key R&D Program Project of Hubei Province of China(Grant No.2023BCB074)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42307232).
文摘This study aims to prepare ternary all-solid-waste cementitious materials to completely replace ordinary Portland cement(OPC).Ground granulated blast-furnace slag(GGBS),carbide slag(CS),sulfate solid waste phosphogypsum(PG),electrolytic manganese residue(EMR)and desulfurized gypsum(DG)were used as raw materials to prepare GGBS-PG-CS(GPC),GGBS-EMR-CS(GEC)and GGBS-DG-CS(GDC)ternary all-solid-waste cementitious materials.Macro and microscopic tests were carried out to reveal the mechanical properties and microscopic characteristics,as well as to quantitatively evaluate the environmental and economic benefits.The results show that the optimal ratios of GPC,GEC and GDC are 80:18:2,60:36:4 and 80:18:2,respectively.The corresponding 28 d-unconfined compressive strength(UCS)are 1.62,1.22 and 1.01 times that of OPC,respectively.Carbon emissions and costs per unit strength can be reduced by more than 97%and 57%,respectively.Microscopic analysis shows that the incorporation of sulfate solid waste can synergistically activate GGBS with CS to induce the growth of more needle-like ettringite(AFt),which filled the internal pores and improved the strength of the cementitious material.The better mechanical properties of solidified engineering sediment waste(ESW)also confirm the feasibility of replacing OPC.In summary,this study developed all-solid-waste cementitious materials with excellent mechanical performance,low costs and carbon emissions,which provided a sustainable and economic solution for ESW stabilization.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22468035,22468036,22368038,22308048)the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(2024QN02018,2025MS02030)+2 种基金First-class Discipline Research Special Project of Inner Mongolia(YLXKZX-NGD-045)Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Postgraduate Research Innovation Project(KC2024047B)Research Foundation for Introducing High-level Talents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region。
文摘The global energy landscape is undergoing a profound transformation,with wind energy,especially wind power,gaining increasing prominence due to its clean,renewable nature.However,as the installed capacity of wind power continues to expand,the disposal of waste wind turbine blades(WWTB)has emerged as a significant challenge.These blades are predominantly composed of epoxy resin(EP)polymers,carbon fibers(CFs),and glass fibers(GFs).Improper disposal not only exacerbates environmental concerns but also leads to the loss of valuable resources,particularly carbon-based materials.Pyrolysis technology,a versatile and environmentally sustainable method for resource recovery,has garnered considerable attention in the context of WWTB disposal.This work presents a comprehensive review of the pyrolytic recycling of WWTB,focusing on the principles and classifications of pyrolysis technology,key factors influencing the pyrolysis process,as well as the pyrolysis methods,equipment,products,and their applications.Through an in-depth analysis of the current research on the pyrolytic recycling of WWTB,this review identifies critical unresolved issues in the field and provides a forward-looking perspective on emerging research trends.
文摘The application and promotion of waste glass powder concrete(WGPC)cansignificantly alleviate the pressure of concrete material scarcity and environmental pollution.Compressive strength(CS)is a critical parameter for evaluating the efficacy of WGPC.Unlike conventional testing methods,machine learning techniques offer precise and reliable predictions of concrete’s compressive strength,especially in its long-term mechanical properties.In this work,four models,namely Multiple Linear Regression(MLR),Back Propagation Neural Network(BPNN),Support Vector Regression(SVR),and Random Forest Regression(RFR)were employed.Furthermore,particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm and cross-validation techniques were applied to fine-tune the model parameters,striving for peak prediction performance.The results indicated that optimized models generally exhibit enhanced predictive accuracy compared to their basic counterparts.Notably,the PSO-RFR model excels among all evaluated models,showcasing superior performance on the testing dataset.It achieves a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 0.9231,a mean absolute error(MAE)of 2.1073,and a root mean square error(RMSE)of 3.6903.When compared to experimental results,the PSO-RFR and PSO-BPNN models demonstrate exceptional predictive accuracy.Notably,the PSO-BPNN model exhibits the closest R^(2)values between its training and test sets.This close alignment of R^(2)values between the training and testing sets reflects the PSO-BPNN model’s superior generalization ability for unseen data.The findings present an efficient method for predicting concrete’s compressive strength,contributing to the sustainable development of concrete materials,and providing theoretical support for their research and application.
文摘Europe is grappling with a colossal textile waste problem.Over 125 million tonnes of raw materials are devoured by the global industry each year,yet a mere fraction-less than 1%-of these fibres originate from recycled textiles.The majority faces an unsustainable fate in landfills,incinerators,or is exported.A pivotal new report by Systemiq,"The Textile Recycling Breakthrough,"offers both a stark assessment and a strategic roadmap:Europe has the potential to amplify polyester textile recycling nearly tenfold by 2035,but this hinges on immediate,decisive action from policymakers and the industry.
基金financially supported from the European Union’s Horizon Europe EIC Pathfinder programme under agreement No 101046758(EcoPlastiC)by the Ministry of Science,Innovation and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia(Agreement No.451-03-66/2024-03/200042 and No.451-03-66/2024-03/2000026)by the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia under the grant No 7739802.
文摘Bio-upcycling is an emerging end-of-life strategy for the polymer waste treatment that uses the power of mi-croorganisms to biocatalyticaly convert the pre-treated polymer waste monomers into high-added materials.Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET),one of the leading synthetic polyesters in the global polymer market,produced from petrol based feedstock,still has no completely green alternative to meet global demand.Therefore,putting the PET based waste into a circular loop has become one of the major challenges of plastic waste management.In that context,the present study addressed the conversion of PET containing hydrolysates collected after the thermal pretreatment into bacterial nanocellulose(BNC),nowadays one of the most promising biopolymers produced in a sustainable manner.After the optimization of the BNC production cultivated under different conditions in PET hydrolysates,in a static way,the optimal conditions(yield of 3.0 mg/ml)was applied for scaling up.To further open the applicative potential of the BNC produced from PET containing plastic waste,platinum nanoparticles were deposited onto BNC developing new catalyst active in the methanol oxidation re-action.In order to enhance BNC ability to support Pt nanoparticles,it was blended with poly(vinyl alcohol),PVA,producing new PVA/BNC composites,recognized as an improved solid support,rich in hydroxyl groups that serve as an anchor points to Pt deposition.Due to the enrichment of BNC by PVA,it was possible to prepare highly active Pt-based catalyst with only 3 wt% of loaded Pt,which significantly reduce the cost of catalyst production.The cost-effective catalyst was prepared using sodium boron hydride as a reducing agent associated with film casting and fully characterized using FTIR,TGA,XRD,XPS,TEM,SEM-EDX analysis and its potential was confirmed in methanol oxidation reaction.This study explored the circular pathway from PET plastic waste to BNC and further to its potential application in direct methanol fuel cell(DMFC).
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China[Grant No.25BGL131].
文摘Taking the view that pro-environmental behaviors can have spillover effects,this study examines how household waste separation(an environmental behavior with a high degree of difficulty)impacts consumers’water saving efforts(an environmental behavior with a low degree of difficulty).We assess the mediating effects of self-efficacy and ego depletion in this relationship and the moderating effect of the need for self-determination in the mediated relationships.The results show separating household waste significantly enhances consumers’water-saving efforts.Both self-efficacy and ego depletion partially mediate the relationship between household waste separation and efforts to reduce water consumption.Specifically,if consumers engage in pro environmental behaviors based on their internal,rather than external sense of moral identity,their sense of self-efficacy increases after separating household,which motivates them to engage in subsequent water-saving behaviors.In addition,consumers’sense of ego depletion declines when they engage in household waste separation,which increases subsequent water-saving behavior.Compared to low-level self-determination needs,high-level self-determination needs weaken the positive impact of household waste separation on consumers’perceived self-efficacy,but strengthens the negative impact of household waste separation on consumers’perceived ego depletion and promotes subsequent water-saving behavior.These findings suggest policymakers should pay attention to the spillover effects pro-environmental behaviors and use household waste separation policies to promote other pro-environmental behaviors such as reducing water consumption.
基金supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52304148)the Youth Project of Shanxi Basic Research Program(No.202203021212262).
文摘This study investigates the performance enhancement of super-sulfated cement(SSC)derived from arsenic-containing bio-oxidation waste(BW)through the incorporation of carbonated recycled concrete fines(CRCF).The findings revealed that the addition of 5wt%CRCF yields optimal performance,with compressive strengths reaching approximately 1.83,12.59,and 42.81 MPa at 1,3,and 28 d,respectively.These values represented significant increases of 408.3%,10.0%,and 14.3%compared to the reference sample.The improvement was attributed to the synergistic effects of ultrafine CRCF particles acting as fillers and nucleation sites,as well as the high reactivity of silica gels,which promoted the formation of additional hydration gels.Microstructural analysis confirmed that CRCF addition refined pore structure,and enhanced the stiffness of C-S-H gels.Furthermore,CRCF served as a net CO_(2) sink,sequestering 0.268 kg CO_(2) per kilogram of CRCF and thereby reducing the carbon footprint of SSC.In addition,the feasibility of applying CRCF-modified SSC in cemented paste backfill(CPB)is highlighted,given the high cement-related carbon footprint of conventional CPB.When 5wt%CRCFmodified SSC was employed in CPB,its 3-d compressive strength attained over 70%of that of ordinary Portland cement(OPC),while the 28-d strength was comparable to that of OPC.The proposed binder thus provides a sustainable pathway for BW valorization,combining waste utilization,carbon sequestration,and improved engineering performance.
文摘To deal with a polluted by-product of coal production,central China’s Shanxi Province has explored a governance path that addresses both the symptoms and root causes.
文摘Improving energy efficiency and lowering negative environmental impact through waste heat recovery(WHR)is a critical step toward sustainable cement manufacturing.This study analyzes advanced cogeneration systems for recovering waste heat from the Fallujah White Cement Plant in Iraq.The novelty of this work lies in its direct application and comparative thermodynamic analysis of three distinct cogeneration cycles—the Organic Rankine Cycle,the Single-Flash Steam Cycle,and the Dual-Pressure Steam Cycle—within the Iraqi cement industry,a context that has not been widely studied.The main objective is to evaluate and compare these models to determine the most effective approach for enhancing energy and exergy efficiencies.Themethodology involved detailed thermodynamic and exergy analyses of each system,supported by mathematical modelling and simulation using data from plant operations.The results reveal that the Dual-Pressure Steam Cycle emerged as the most effective system,delivering 13.76 MW of net power with a thermal efficiency of 32.8%and an exergy efficiency of 51%.This significantly outperformed the baseline Organic Rankine Cycle(8.18MW,18.8%thermal efficiency,30.7%exergy efficiency).These findings confirm that multipressure steam cycles offer a robust and practical solution for the Fallujah plant.This application provides a clear,high-impact pathway to enhance national industrial energy efficiency,significantly reduce CO_(2) emissions,and promote clean energy sustainability in Iraq.Future work should consider economic feasibility and potential integration with renewable energy sources to further enhance sustainability.
基金funded by the basic scientific research Funds project of Heilongjiang Universities,grant number 2023-KYYWF-0570.
文摘The valorization of agricultural waste into high-value nanomaterials is crucial for advancing sustainable biorefineries.This study presents an efficient approach for extracting carboxylated cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs)from poplar leaf waste(PL),an abundant and underutilized biomass.The process involved alkaline treatment and hydrogen peroxide bleaching to purify cellulose(PL-CEL),followed by sequential periodate-chlorite oxidation to produce dicarboxylic cellulose nanocrystals(PL-CNCs).The resulting nanocrystals were comprehensively characterized using compositional analysis,XRD,FTIR,TEM,TGA,and zeta potential measurements.XRD analysis confirmed a high crystallinity index of 82%for PL-CEL,which decreased to 72.2%after oxidation due to the introduction of carboxyl groups.FTIR spectra revealed a prominent peak at 1720 cm-1,confirming successful carboxylation.TEM images showed rod-like nanocrystalswith an average length of 271.22 nmand width of 14.68 nm,while conductometric titration indicated a carboxyl content of 1.9 mmol/g.The PL-CNCs exhibited good colloidal stability with a zeta potential of-30.2mV at pH7.0.TGA demonstratedmoderate thermal stability with enhanced char formation.This work highlights a green and scalable route for converting poplar leaf waste into functional nanocellulose,suitable for applications in composites,adsorption,and sustainable materials.The novelty of this study lies in the pioneering use of poplar leaf waste combined with a sequential periodate-chlorite oxidation to sustainably produce carboxylated CNCs with enhanced functionality.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22572141,22178266)Talent Program Fund of Tianjin University(Nos.0701321039,0903074107)supported by a grant from the Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-Treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province(No.2024HZYB02)。
文摘Photocatalytic C-N coupling reactions using waste plastic-and biomass-based feedstocks with nitrogen-containing species have emerged as a promising route for the synthesis of high-value chemicals such as amides and amino acids.However,the complexity of multistep reaction routes and the presence of competing side reactions pose significant challenges,often leading to low yield and poor selectivity of target products.To substantially enhance the efficiency and selectivity of C-N coupling reactions,it is imperative to gain a thorough understanding of the underlying reaction mechanisms and to develop highly active photocatalysts.Such catalysts must be capable of effectively activating diverse substrates while maintaining an appropriate balance between the adsorption and desorption of carbon-and nitrogen-containing intermediates or radical species.In this review,we systematically summarize recent advances in photocatalytic C-N coupling for the production of amides and amino acids from waste plastic-and biomass-based feedstocks,with particular focus on catalyst selection,process design,control of reaction intermediates,and catalytic mechanisms.Furthermore,the technoeconomic feasibility and environmental impact of these C-N coupling reactions are evaluated using technoeconomic analysis and life-cycle assessment.Lastly,the current challenges and future prospects in this field are also discussed.This review aims to provide valuable insights for the development of high-efficiency photocatalytic C-N coupling reactions and to deepen the understanding of their catalytic mechanisms.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52363007)。
文摘Recycling of waste rubber(WR)is crucial for the sustainable development of the rubber industry.The enhancement of interfacial interactions is the main strategy for waste polymer recycling.However,there is a lack of methods for enhancing the interfacial interactions for WR recycling because WR contains abundant inert C―H bonds.Herein,we designed thioctic acid inverse vulcanization copolymers to endow recycled WR with dynamic disulfide interfacial interactions,significantly improving the mechanical properties of recycled WR.These disulfide interfacial interactions among the recycled WR tend to exchange,which dramatically increases the fractocohesive length and prevents stress concentration near the crack tips.When recycled WR is subjected to external stress,the loads are redistributed across a broad region of adjacent regions instead of being concentrated on a limited length scale,which resists crack propagation.This work effectively recycled WR,providing a strategy for solvent-free reaction-derived inverse vulcanization copolymers to improve the toughness of WR recycling.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42525201 and 42230710).
文摘Bio-carbonation of reactive MgO has been regarded as a promising and eco-friendly method for construction and demolition waste(CDW)cementation in various geotechnical engineering applications.However,the beneficial effect of bio-carbonation of reactive MgO cemented CDW(BCM-samples)can be altered when exposed to wetting-drying cycles induced by extreme climate changes or groundwater fluctuations.To better understand the durability of BCM-samples and their underlying deterioration mechanisms,a series of BCM-samples was prepared to investigate their physical-mechanical performance and microstructure evolution subjected to the wetting-drying cycles.The results indicated that the wetting-drying cycles can deteriorate the BCM-samples,and their physical-mechanical behaviors change quickly at the cycle beginning and then smoothly after 2 cycles.With the increase in cycling,the apparent deterioration with efflorescence and microcrack development can be observed.The mass loss and water absorption rates increased while the dry density,compressional wave velocity,and unconfined compression strength decreased.Urea pre-hydrolysis treatment can significantly improve the durability of BCM-samples,as the more hydrated magnesia carbonates(HMCs)enhance the cementing effects.After 10 cycles,the UCS of pre-hydrolyzed samples decreased 25.4%to 4.45 MPa,while that of ordinary samples decreased 50.7%to 1.20 MPa.The deterioration of BCM-samples caused by wetting-drying cycles can be attributed to two factors.One of the main factors is the structural integrity changes caused by the rapid loss of soluble material at the initial cycling stages.Another factor is the decrease in cementation induced by the loss of brucite and HMCs at the following cycle stages.
基金supported by the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas(CONICET)via grant Proyectos de Investigacion Plurianuales(PIP 2021:2894)Agencia I+D+i via grant Proyectos de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica(PICT-2021-I-A-00294).
文摘This study explores the use of black soldier fly larvae protein as a bio-based adhesive to produce particleboards from sugarcane bagasse.A comprehensive evaluation was conducted,including rheological characterization of the adhesive and physical–mechanical testing of the panels according to European standards.The black soldier fly larvae-based adhesive exhibited gel-like viscoelastic behavior,rapid partial structural recovery after shear,and favorable application properties.Particleboards manufactured with this adhesive and sugarcane bagasse achieved promising mechanical performance,with modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity values of 30.2 and 3500 MPa,respectively.Internal bond strength exceeded 0.4 MPa,complying with European standard 312-3 specifications.For comparative purposes,a panel made with Eucalyptus grandis particles was also produced under the same conditions to demonstrate the versatility of the adhesive system.Compared to other bio-based and synthetic adhesives,this bio-based system showed competitive performance and derives from the bioconversion of organic residues.Protein adhesives were synthesized fromHermetia illucens larvae grown commercially on agriculturalwaste frompotato chip production,emphasizing the renewable origin of both the biomass and the final adhesive.These results highlight the potential of insect proteins as sustainable and circular alternatives for the wood panel industry.
基金support from the Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(No.2022SFGC0501)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(International Cooperation Research)(No.GJHZ20240218113407015)+9 种基金Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(Natural Science Foundation)(No.JCYJ20240813175900001)support from the Australian Research Council through the Discovery Project scheme(Grant No.DP190103186,DP220100603)support through the Future Fellowship scheme(Grant No.FT210100806)Discovery Project scheme(Grant No.DP250100980)Linkage Project scheme(LP210200345)the Industrial Transformation Research Hubs(Grant No.IH240100009)support through the Future Fellowship scheme(Grant No.FT220100559)Linkage Projects(Grant No.LP210100467)support through the Discovery Early Career Researcher Award scheme(DE230100383)support from the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2021ME162).
文摘Governed by the second law of thermodynamics,waste heat generation is inevitable and has been a major source of energy loss and environmental concern in human society.Harvesting waste heat into useful energy has thus become a paramount priority,but has remained challenging with efficiency and cost constraints.Thermoelectric generators(TEGs),which convert heat into electricity whenever there is a temperature difference,play a crucial role in waste heat harvesting.However,sustaining the temperature difference for uninterrupted and high-power density electricity generation is a major challenge in TEGs to achieve practical applications due to the thermal equilibrium.Here,we demonstrate a diurnal waste heat harvester by integrating a high-power radiative cooling film as the cool end of TEGs to enable a large and continuous temperature difference.Significant voltage increase from 30.0 mV to 65.7 mV was achieved,leading to a dramatic power density enhancement of 4.8 times from 35.2 mW m^(-2)to 168.6 mW m^(-2).In an open zone,an ultra-high power density of 2.76 W m^(-2)was achieved at a heat source temperature of 80°C,exceeding the performance of state-of-the-art radiatively cooled TEGs.More importantly,a portable and foldable thermal energy harvesting prototype composed of 24 TEGs arranged in an array has been constructed.When attached to a hot object(e.g.a car engine hood),it can output 5 V to charge personal electronics(e.g.a cellphone),making it a promising practical device for harvesting waste heat in a wide range of outdoor applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52436008)the Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Projects,China(Nos.JMRHZX20210003 and 2023YFCY0009)+3 种基金the Huaneng Group Co Ltd.,China(No.HNKJ23-H50)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22408044)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M761877)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.SQ2024YFD2200039)。
文摘The electromagnetic wave absorption of silicon carbide nanowires is improved by their uniform and diverse cross-structures.This study introduces a sustainable and high value-added method for synthesizing silicon carbide nanowires using lignite and waste silicon powder as raw materials through carbothermal reduction.The staggered structure of nanowires promotes the creation of interfacial polarization,impedance matching,and multiple loss mechanisms,leading to enhanced electromagnetic absorption performance.The silicon carbide nanowires demonstrate outstanding electromagnetic absorption capabilities with the minimum reflection loss of-48.09 d B at10.08 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth(the reflection loss less than-10 d B)ranging from 8.54 to 16.68 GHz with a thickness of 2.17 mm.This research presents an innovative approach for utilizing solid waste in an environmentally friendly manner to produce broadband silicon carbide composite absorbers.
基金Funded by the National Science Foundation of China(No.52368031)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M713497)+1 种基金the Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.20252BAC250115)the Jiangxi Provincial Department of Transportation Science and Technology Project(No.2022H0017)。
文摘Utilization of ceramic wastes to fabricate concrete can not only effectively dispose the wastes,but also reduce the energy and source consumptions.Therefore,we fabricated a green ultra high performance concrete using ceramic waste powder(CWP)to replace 55%of cement,and ceramic waste aggregate(CWA)to replace 100%natural quartz sand.However,high content of ceramic wastes will harm the concrete performance including workability and mechanical properties.Therefore,a low-cost and low carbon nano-calcium carbonate(NC)was introduced to compensate for the defects caused by large amounts of CWP and CWA to workability and mechanical behavior.The experimental results show that the workability of ultra high performance concrete with large amounts of CWP and CWA(UHPCLCC)increases by 28.57%with NC content of 5%.Moreover,the flexural strengths,fracture energy,compressive strengths,and compressive toughness of UHPCLCC increase up to 29.6%,56.5%,20.4%,and 37.6%,respectively,which is caused by the nano-core effect of NC.
