This study presents a solvent-free,facile synthesis of a bio-based green antibacterial agent and aromatic monomer methacrylated vanillin(MV)using vanillin.The resulting MV not only imparted antibacterial properties to...This study presents a solvent-free,facile synthesis of a bio-based green antibacterial agent and aromatic monomer methacrylated vanillin(MV)using vanillin.The resulting MV not only imparted antibacterial properties to coatings layered on leather,but could also be employed as a green alternative to petroleum-based carcinogen styrene(St).Herein,MV was copolymerized with butyl acrylate(BA)to obtain waterborne bio-based P(MV-BA)miniemulsion via miniemulsion polymerization.Subsequently,MXene nanosheets with excellent photothermal conversion performance and antibacterial properties,were introduced into the P(MV-BA)miniemulsion by ultrasonic dispersion.During the gradual solidification of P(MV-BA)/MXene nanocomposite miniemulsion on the leather surface,MXene gradually migrated to the surface of leather coatings due to the cavitation effect of ultrasonication and amphiphilicity of MXene,which prompted its full exposure to light and bacteria,exerting the maximum photothermal conversion efficiency and significant antibacterial efficacy.In particular,when the dosage of MXene nanosheets was 1.4 wt%,the surface temperature of P(MV-BA)/MXene nanocomposite miniemulsioncoated leather(PML)increased by about 15℃ in an outdoor environment during winter,and the antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was nearly 100%under the simulated sunlight treatment for 30 min.Moreover,the introduction of MXene nanosheets increased the air permeability,water vapor permeability,and thermal stability of these coatings.This study provides a new insight into the preparation of novel,green,and waterborne bio-based nanocomposite coatings for leather,with desired warmth retention and antibacterial properties.It can not only realize zerocarbon heating based on sunlight in winter,reducing the use of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions,but also improve ability to fight off invasion by harmful bacteria,viruses,and other microorganisms.展开更多
EDITOR’S NOTE: They returned With an upset mind. Once they set foot on the soil where they were born and brought up, they found themselves enveloped in familylike warmth. All these help ease their suspective mind.
Guided by the All-China Women’s Federation(ACWF),the China Children and Teenagers’Fund(CCTF)and Hengyuanxiang Group launched Heng’ai Action in 2005.This public-welfare initiative called on caring people to knit swe...Guided by the All-China Women’s Federation(ACWF),the China Children and Teenagers’Fund(CCTF)and Hengyuanxiang Group launched Heng’ai Action in 2005.This public-welfare initiative called on caring people to knit sweaters for orphans and/or children with disabilities.During the past two decades,more than 465,000 kilograms of wool and 147 million yuan(US$21 million)in funding and materials have been donated to the program.Further,1.5 million sweaters have been knitted and presented to children in need,warming their bodies and hearts.展开更多
Extremely cold environment has led to a variety of serious public health issues and posed huge burden on the social econ-omy,which is an urgent challenge to the human worldwide.Featured with comfort,convenience,and co...Extremely cold environment has led to a variety of serious public health issues and posed huge burden on the social econ-omy,which is an urgent challenge to the human worldwide.Featured with comfort,convenience,and cost-effectiveness,fibrous materials have been selected as heat insulation materials to protect the human body against the cold for centuries.The advanced ultrafine fibers,with remarkable softness,small average diameter and pore size,and high porosity,have found extensive attention,as promising candidate for application in reducing the heat loss.In this review,the heat transfer mechanisms for single fiber and fiber assembly are provided,and the typical categories of ultrafine fibrous materials for warmth retention,classified as fibrous membrane and fibrous sponge in terms of aggregate structures,are systematically summarized.In particular,this review comprehensively discusses the fabrication strategies,structure characteristics,and significant properties of various ultrafine fibrous materials.Finally,the current challenges and future development prospects of ultrafine fibrous materials for effective warmth retention are highlighted.展开更多
In winter,the weather is usually cold and everything seems a bit dull.Butthe sun in winter is special.When the sun shines brightly in the clear blue sky,it brings warm(1)to thecold world.The golden sunlight spreads he...In winter,the weather is usually cold and everything seems a bit dull.Butthe sun in winter is special.When the sun shines brightly in the clear blue sky,it brings warm(1)to thecold world.The golden sunlight spreads here and there and it makes the whitesnow shine like diamonds.Although the trees are usually bare in winter,but(2)they look beautiful with the sunlight falling on them.展开更多
"Musab,I am sending you New Year greetings from the peak of the world!"This message,which I received at the start of 2025,ranks among my favorite New Year greetings of the year because it came from a friend ..."Musab,I am sending you New Year greetings from the peak of the world!"This message,which I received at the start of 2025,ranks among my favorite New Year greetings of the year because it came from a friend I made in the Xizang Autonomous Region during a cultural trip last year.It reminded me of the mesmerizing landscapes and,more importantly,the incredible people whose warmth and hospitality made my time there unforgettable.展开更多
The warmth of sports beyond victory and defeat,胜负之外,竞技的温暖力量,In the realm of sports,victory and defeat are merely the most apparent outcomes.However,there exists warmth that goes beyond these results,which i...The warmth of sports beyond victory and defeat,胜负之外,竞技的温暖力量,In the realm of sports,victory and defeat are merely the most apparent outcomes.However,there exists warmth that goes beyond these results,which is the power that enriches our lives and shapes our characters.展开更多
随着大语言模型(Large Language Models,LLMs)能力的提升及其广泛应用,社会正逐步从传统的人际交互转向融合人际交互、人机交互和机机交互的多层次互动结构。在人类与LLMs交互日益深入的背景下,研究人类如何感知LLMs成为了重要议题。本...随着大语言模型(Large Language Models,LLMs)能力的提升及其广泛应用,社会正逐步从传统的人际交互转向融合人际交互、人机交互和机机交互的多层次互动结构。在人类与LLMs交互日益深入的背景下,研究人类如何感知LLMs成为了重要议题。本研究通过三项研究系统考察人类对LLMs的感知模式。研究1发现,与对人类的感知一致,人类主要通过热情和能力两个维度感知LLMs。然而,在一般情境下,不同于对人类感知中的热情优先,人类在对LLMs的感知中能力优先。研究2探讨了热情和能力在不同态度预测中的优先效应,结果表明,热情与能力均能正向预测人类对LLMs的持续使用意愿和喜爱度,其中能力对持续使用意愿的预测效力更高,而热情对喜爱度的预测效力更高。研究3进一步探索了人类对LLMs与对他人的感知差异,结果显示,人类对LLMs的热情评价与人类无显著差异,但对LLMs的能力评价显著高于人类。本研究为理解人类对LLMs的感知提供了理论基础,并为人工智能的设计优化及人机协作机制的研究提供了新的视角。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and(52073164 and 21838007).
文摘This study presents a solvent-free,facile synthesis of a bio-based green antibacterial agent and aromatic monomer methacrylated vanillin(MV)using vanillin.The resulting MV not only imparted antibacterial properties to coatings layered on leather,but could also be employed as a green alternative to petroleum-based carcinogen styrene(St).Herein,MV was copolymerized with butyl acrylate(BA)to obtain waterborne bio-based P(MV-BA)miniemulsion via miniemulsion polymerization.Subsequently,MXene nanosheets with excellent photothermal conversion performance and antibacterial properties,were introduced into the P(MV-BA)miniemulsion by ultrasonic dispersion.During the gradual solidification of P(MV-BA)/MXene nanocomposite miniemulsion on the leather surface,MXene gradually migrated to the surface of leather coatings due to the cavitation effect of ultrasonication and amphiphilicity of MXene,which prompted its full exposure to light and bacteria,exerting the maximum photothermal conversion efficiency and significant antibacterial efficacy.In particular,when the dosage of MXene nanosheets was 1.4 wt%,the surface temperature of P(MV-BA)/MXene nanocomposite miniemulsioncoated leather(PML)increased by about 15℃ in an outdoor environment during winter,and the antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus was nearly 100%under the simulated sunlight treatment for 30 min.Moreover,the introduction of MXene nanosheets increased the air permeability,water vapor permeability,and thermal stability of these coatings.This study provides a new insight into the preparation of novel,green,and waterborne bio-based nanocomposite coatings for leather,with desired warmth retention and antibacterial properties.It can not only realize zerocarbon heating based on sunlight in winter,reducing the use of fossil fuels and greenhouse gas emissions,but also improve ability to fight off invasion by harmful bacteria,viruses,and other microorganisms.
文摘EDITOR’S NOTE: They returned With an upset mind. Once they set foot on the soil where they were born and brought up, they found themselves enveloped in familylike warmth. All these help ease their suspective mind.
文摘Guided by the All-China Women’s Federation(ACWF),the China Children and Teenagers’Fund(CCTF)and Hengyuanxiang Group launched Heng’ai Action in 2005.This public-welfare initiative called on caring people to knit sweaters for orphans and/or children with disabilities.During the past two decades,more than 465,000 kilograms of wool and 147 million yuan(US$21 million)in funding and materials have been donated to the program.Further,1.5 million sweaters have been knitted and presented to children in need,warming their bodies and hearts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51873031,52103050,and 52103023)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.21ZR1401800)the Shanghai Sailing Program(No.21YF1400700).
文摘Extremely cold environment has led to a variety of serious public health issues and posed huge burden on the social econ-omy,which is an urgent challenge to the human worldwide.Featured with comfort,convenience,and cost-effectiveness,fibrous materials have been selected as heat insulation materials to protect the human body against the cold for centuries.The advanced ultrafine fibers,with remarkable softness,small average diameter and pore size,and high porosity,have found extensive attention,as promising candidate for application in reducing the heat loss.In this review,the heat transfer mechanisms for single fiber and fiber assembly are provided,and the typical categories of ultrafine fibrous materials for warmth retention,classified as fibrous membrane and fibrous sponge in terms of aggregate structures,are systematically summarized.In particular,this review comprehensively discusses the fabrication strategies,structure characteristics,and significant properties of various ultrafine fibrous materials.Finally,the current challenges and future development prospects of ultrafine fibrous materials for effective warmth retention are highlighted.
文摘In winter,the weather is usually cold and everything seems a bit dull.Butthe sun in winter is special.When the sun shines brightly in the clear blue sky,it brings warm(1)to thecold world.The golden sunlight spreads here and there and it makes the whitesnow shine like diamonds.Although the trees are usually bare in winter,but(2)they look beautiful with the sunlight falling on them.
文摘"Musab,I am sending you New Year greetings from the peak of the world!"This message,which I received at the start of 2025,ranks among my favorite New Year greetings of the year because it came from a friend I made in the Xizang Autonomous Region during a cultural trip last year.It reminded me of the mesmerizing landscapes and,more importantly,the incredible people whose warmth and hospitality made my time there unforgettable.
文摘The warmth of sports beyond victory and defeat,胜负之外,竞技的温暖力量,In the realm of sports,victory and defeat are merely the most apparent outcomes.However,there exists warmth that goes beyond these results,which is the power that enriches our lives and shapes our characters.
文摘随着大语言模型(Large Language Models,LLMs)能力的提升及其广泛应用,社会正逐步从传统的人际交互转向融合人际交互、人机交互和机机交互的多层次互动结构。在人类与LLMs交互日益深入的背景下,研究人类如何感知LLMs成为了重要议题。本研究通过三项研究系统考察人类对LLMs的感知模式。研究1发现,与对人类的感知一致,人类主要通过热情和能力两个维度感知LLMs。然而,在一般情境下,不同于对人类感知中的热情优先,人类在对LLMs的感知中能力优先。研究2探讨了热情和能力在不同态度预测中的优先效应,结果表明,热情与能力均能正向预测人类对LLMs的持续使用意愿和喜爱度,其中能力对持续使用意愿的预测效力更高,而热情对喜爱度的预测效力更高。研究3进一步探索了人类对LLMs与对他人的感知差异,结果显示,人类对LLMs的热情评价与人类无显著差异,但对LLMs的能力评价显著高于人类。本研究为理解人类对LLMs的感知提供了理论基础,并为人工智能的设计优化及人机协作机制的研究提供了新的视角。
