The special sections of volume target are observed with acoustic vector intensity according to the difference among their radiated-noise characteristics, then three sections are tracked with Kalman filtering, and targ...The special sections of volume target are observed with acoustic vector intensity according to the difference among their radiated-noise characteristics, then three sections are tracked with Kalman filtering, and target size is estimated. Simulation results indicate that in ideal condition three sections of a ship can be tracked and ship's size can be estimated even though one of three sections can not be observed.展开更多
Radiotherapy is the mainstay treatment modality for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT),as the standard technique,achieves the purpose of improving target coverage and better spar...Radiotherapy is the mainstay treatment modality for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT),as the standard technique,achieves the purpose of improving target coverage and better sparing of normal tissue.Increased attention has been given to explore various strategies for deescalating treatment intensity.The optimization of clinical target volume(CTV)is one of the most active research areas being widely discussed.Although the International Guidelines for the delineating of CTV in NPC had provided important references for clinicians,there are marked variations in practice among different institutions.This article reviews the development of CTV delineation in non-metastatic NPC patients among centers,and compares the similarities and differences in CTV delineation of various current guidelines in the hope of providing insights for future investigation.This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the development and evolution of CTV delineation on primary tumor and lymph nodes for definitive radiotherapy in non-metastatic NPC through historical lens.We also compare the differences of CTV delineation ways.In addition,we look into the clinical and practical challenges of CTV delineation,hoping to provide direction for future research.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the fund of special doctoral site fund of National education ministry.
文摘The special sections of volume target are observed with acoustic vector intensity according to the difference among their radiated-noise characteristics, then three sections are tracked with Kalman filtering, and target size is estimated. Simulation results indicate that in ideal condition three sections of a ship can be tracked and ship's size can be estimated even though one of three sections can not be observed.
基金sponsored by the National Clinical Key Specialty Construction Program and Key Clinical Specialty Discipline Construction Program of Fujian,Chinasupported by grants from the Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 2018J01275 and 2019J01194)+2 种基金Joint Funds for the innovation of science and Technology,and Fujian province(Grant number 2018Y9109 and 2017Y9078)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant number 81972717)Science and Technology Program of Fujian Province(grant/award number 2018Y2003).
文摘Radiotherapy is the mainstay treatment modality for nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC).Intensity-modulated radiation therapy(IMRT),as the standard technique,achieves the purpose of improving target coverage and better sparing of normal tissue.Increased attention has been given to explore various strategies for deescalating treatment intensity.The optimization of clinical target volume(CTV)is one of the most active research areas being widely discussed.Although the International Guidelines for the delineating of CTV in NPC had provided important references for clinicians,there are marked variations in practice among different institutions.This article reviews the development of CTV delineation in non-metastatic NPC patients among centers,and compares the similarities and differences in CTV delineation of various current guidelines in the hope of providing insights for future investigation.This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the development and evolution of CTV delineation on primary tumor and lymph nodes for definitive radiotherapy in non-metastatic NPC through historical lens.We also compare the differences of CTV delineation ways.In addition,we look into the clinical and practical challenges of CTV delineation,hoping to provide direction for future research.
