The semicokes from different coals were prepared under various temperatures by partial gasification method in a fixed bed. According to the analysis of the Vaaf in the coals and semicokes, a new method is presented to...The semicokes from different coals were prepared under various temperatures by partial gasification method in a fixed bed. According to the analysis of the Vaaf in the coals and semicokes, a new method is presented to predict the content of remnant volatile matter in the semicokes from coal partial gasification. The two fuel character indexes FV and FC were introduced to symbolize the second volatilized temperature and the fully volatilized temperature respectively. Then according to the proximate and ultimate analysis data of raw coal, the content of Vdaf in the semicokes prepared under various temperatures can be predicted.展开更多
This study employs experimental and analytical methods to quantitatively investigate the nonlinear geomechanical and physicochemical processes of multiphase and high-stress coal-bearing rock masses and non-equilibrium...This study employs experimental and analytical methods to quantitatively investigate the nonlinear geomechanical and physicochemical processes of multiphase and high-stress coal-bearing rock masses and non-equilibrium geological materials,as well as their interactions.The research encompasses following aspects,i.e.1)the relationship between volatile matter yield,geological age,and distance from magmatic deposits in Kuzbass coalfield;2)the impact of physicochemical property bifurcations on coal and gas outbursts;3)the variation law of coalbed methane content with burial depth;4)the relaxation energy of gas content;5)the specific surface area of coal;6)the relationship between heat release and deformation waves of Kuzbass coal samples of different orders under uniaxial compression;7)the gas outbursts in different mines in Kuzbass;8)the relationship between seismic energy and gas outburst concentration in coal mines;9)the influence of piston mechanism;10)the connection operation between Langmuir equation and Oparin equation;and 11)the equation of motion for structural media.The research results have created a prerequisite for establishing a unified theory of the interaction between nonlinear geomechanics and physicochemical processes in rock masses,which is of great significance for the safe development and utilization of underground resources.展开更多
Samples of ground nut hull were converted to biosorbents using microwave assisted method [groundnut hull treated with hydrogen peroxide (HP-GH), groundnut hull treated with distilled water (W-GH) and raw groundnut hul...Samples of ground nut hull were converted to biosorbents using microwave assisted method [groundnut hull treated with hydrogen peroxide (HP-GH), groundnut hull treated with distilled water (W-GH) and raw groundnut hull (R-GH)]. The biosorbents were further characterized using physicochemical procedures (pH dependence, bulk density, surface area, ash content, and volatile matter, moisture content). The results show that HP-GH has pH = 8.9, W-GH pH = 8.4 and R-GH pH = 8.5 which is an indication that all the biosorbents have the appropriate pH values for the uptake of cationic species within aqueous systems. Surface area analysis revealed that HP-GH has the largest surface area (74.20 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>-1</sup>) while W-GH and R-GH have surface area values of 29.40 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>-1</sup> and 21.40 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>-1</sup> respectively. This suggests that modification of raw groundnut hull biomass with hydrogen peroxide possibly instigated delignification of the biomass which resulted in increased surface area for HP-GH. Results from Bulk density analysis also confirm the data obtained from surface area analysis. Accordingly, R-GH displayed the highest bulk density followed by W-GH with HP-GH showing the least bulk density. The variation in pH values among the biomass used in this study may be explained by the variation in their ash content as well because pH and ash content are positively correlated. Hence, HP-GH with a pH = 8.9 has high ash content (117.31%), W-GH with pH = 8.4 has 97.93% ash content and R-GH with pH = 8.5 has 94.26% ash content. Results from moisture content analysis show that HP-GH (99.95%), W-GH (99.97%) and R-GH (99.89%) may necessitate exposure of the biosorbents to moderate heat before use. The results obtained from this study suggest that modification of ground nut hull with either distilled water or Hydrogen peroxide by means of microwave irradiation improves physicochemical properties which may perhaps increase the adsorption capacity of the biomass.展开更多
Biomass is a renewable energy source because sun energy is stored in the form of biomass which regrows over a relatively short period as compared to fossil fuel. The biomass on burning released energy with emission of...Biomass is a renewable energy source because sun energy is stored in the form of biomass which regrows over a relatively short period as compared to fossil fuel. The biomass on burning released energy with emission of carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds, particulate matters and ash residue. The combustion characteristics of biomass depends on several factors of plants i.e. bulk density, moisture, organic matter and metal content. In this work, the combustion characteristics i.e. heat value, moisture, volatile matter and ash content as well as emission fluxes of particulate matters (PM<sub>10</sub>) of trees grown in central India are described. The calorific value (CV) of 53 trees was ranged from 5190 - 8130 kcal/kg with mean value (p = 0.05) of 6380 ± 170 kcal/kg. Bahera tree showed the highest CV, 8130 kcal/kg, and hence, it was chosen for the detailed studies.展开更多
基金supported by Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. KGCX2-YW-321)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50776099)the Ex-cellent Youth Teacher Foundation of Anhui Province (Grant No.2011SQRL031)
文摘The semicokes from different coals were prepared under various temperatures by partial gasification method in a fixed bed. According to the analysis of the Vaaf in the coals and semicokes, a new method is presented to predict the content of remnant volatile matter in the semicokes from coal partial gasification. The two fuel character indexes FV and FC were introduced to symbolize the second volatilized temperature and the fully volatilized temperature respectively. Then according to the proximate and ultimate analysis data of raw coal, the content of Vdaf in the semicokes prepared under various temperatures can be predicted.
文摘This study employs experimental and analytical methods to quantitatively investigate the nonlinear geomechanical and physicochemical processes of multiphase and high-stress coal-bearing rock masses and non-equilibrium geological materials,as well as their interactions.The research encompasses following aspects,i.e.1)the relationship between volatile matter yield,geological age,and distance from magmatic deposits in Kuzbass coalfield;2)the impact of physicochemical property bifurcations on coal and gas outbursts;3)the variation law of coalbed methane content with burial depth;4)the relaxation energy of gas content;5)the specific surface area of coal;6)the relationship between heat release and deformation waves of Kuzbass coal samples of different orders under uniaxial compression;7)the gas outbursts in different mines in Kuzbass;8)the relationship between seismic energy and gas outburst concentration in coal mines;9)the influence of piston mechanism;10)the connection operation between Langmuir equation and Oparin equation;and 11)the equation of motion for structural media.The research results have created a prerequisite for establishing a unified theory of the interaction between nonlinear geomechanics and physicochemical processes in rock masses,which is of great significance for the safe development and utilization of underground resources.
文摘Samples of ground nut hull were converted to biosorbents using microwave assisted method [groundnut hull treated with hydrogen peroxide (HP-GH), groundnut hull treated with distilled water (W-GH) and raw groundnut hull (R-GH)]. The biosorbents were further characterized using physicochemical procedures (pH dependence, bulk density, surface area, ash content, and volatile matter, moisture content). The results show that HP-GH has pH = 8.9, W-GH pH = 8.4 and R-GH pH = 8.5 which is an indication that all the biosorbents have the appropriate pH values for the uptake of cationic species within aqueous systems. Surface area analysis revealed that HP-GH has the largest surface area (74.20 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>-1</sup>) while W-GH and R-GH have surface area values of 29.40 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>-1</sup> and 21.40 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>-1</sup> respectively. This suggests that modification of raw groundnut hull biomass with hydrogen peroxide possibly instigated delignification of the biomass which resulted in increased surface area for HP-GH. Results from Bulk density analysis also confirm the data obtained from surface area analysis. Accordingly, R-GH displayed the highest bulk density followed by W-GH with HP-GH showing the least bulk density. The variation in pH values among the biomass used in this study may be explained by the variation in their ash content as well because pH and ash content are positively correlated. Hence, HP-GH with a pH = 8.9 has high ash content (117.31%), W-GH with pH = 8.4 has 97.93% ash content and R-GH with pH = 8.5 has 94.26% ash content. Results from moisture content analysis show that HP-GH (99.95%), W-GH (99.97%) and R-GH (99.89%) may necessitate exposure of the biosorbents to moderate heat before use. The results obtained from this study suggest that modification of ground nut hull with either distilled water or Hydrogen peroxide by means of microwave irradiation improves physicochemical properties which may perhaps increase the adsorption capacity of the biomass.
文摘Biomass is a renewable energy source because sun energy is stored in the form of biomass which regrows over a relatively short period as compared to fossil fuel. The biomass on burning released energy with emission of carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds, particulate matters and ash residue. The combustion characteristics of biomass depends on several factors of plants i.e. bulk density, moisture, organic matter and metal content. In this work, the combustion characteristics i.e. heat value, moisture, volatile matter and ash content as well as emission fluxes of particulate matters (PM<sub>10</sub>) of trees grown in central India are described. The calorific value (CV) of 53 trees was ranged from 5190 - 8130 kcal/kg with mean value (p = 0.05) of 6380 ± 170 kcal/kg. Bahera tree showed the highest CV, 8130 kcal/kg, and hence, it was chosen for the detailed studies.
