Doubled haploid(DH)technology has revolutionized crop breeding by enabling the production of homozygous lines in a single generation.In vivo haploid induction(HI)offers a more widely applicable approach that can signi...Doubled haploid(DH)technology has revolutionized crop breeding by enabling the production of homozygous lines in a single generation.In vivo haploid induction(HI)offers a more widely applicable approach that can significantly improve DH breeding efficiency.ToPAR,a parthenogenesis gene,originally identified in dandelion(Taraxacum officinale),has been characterized.Researchers have successfully induced haploid embryo-like structures and haploid offspring in lettuce and foxtail millet,respectively.展开更多
The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and contin...The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and continuous comparison between in vivo retinal development and the organotypic retinal explant culture makes this model controversial in postnatal retinal development studies.Thus,we aimed to verify the feasibility of using this model for postnatal retinal development studies by comparing it with the in vivo retina.In this study,we showed that postnatal retinal explants undergo normal development,and exhibit a consistent structure and timeline with retinas in vivo.Initially,we used SOX2 and PAX6 immunostaining to identify retinal progenitor cells.We then examined cell proliferation and migration by immunostaining with Ki-67 and doublecortin,respectively.Ki-67-and doublecortin-positive cells decreased in both in vivo and explants during postnatal retinogenesis,and exhibited a high degree of similarity in abundance and distribution between groups.Additionally,we used Ceh-10 homeodomain-containing homolog,glutamate-ammonia ligase(glutamine synthetase),neuronal nuclei,and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 immunostaining to examine the emergence of bipolar cells,Müller glia,mature neurons,and microglia,respectively.The timing and spatial patterns of the emergence of these cell types were remarkably consistent between in vivo and explant retinas.Our study showed that the organotypic retinal explant culture model had a high degree of consistency with the progression of in vivo early postnatal retina development.The findings confirm the accuracy and credibility of this model and support its use for long-term,systematic,and continuous observation.展开更多
Development of exquisitely selective and sensitive HClO/ClO^(-)sensor in living system is of the utmost importance.To achieve near-infrared(NIR)-responsive detection of HClO/ClO^(-),a new nanoprobe(csUCNP-Cy820) is co...Development of exquisitely selective and sensitive HClO/ClO^(-)sensor in living system is of the utmost importance.To achieve near-infrared(NIR)-responsive detection of HClO/ClO^(-),a new nanoprobe(csUCNP-Cy820) is composed of the ClO^(-)sensitive Cy820(energy acceptor),and NaLuF4:20%Yb,1%Tm@NaLuF4core@shell upconversion nanoparticles(csUCNP,energy donor) capable of emitting NIR upconversion luminescence(UCL) of Tm^(3+)(800 nm).Through the mechanism of F?rster resonance energy transfer(FRET),the UCL emission can be recovered in the presence of HClO/CIO^(-).The csUCNP-Cy820 nanoprobe is effectively adapted as a precise ClO^(-)detection sensor with a low limit of detection(LoD) of 58 nmol/L in vitro.Moreover,owing to excitation and emission wavelengths both falling within the NIR region,the nanoprobe facilitates high quality imaging in mice models of peritonitis and arthritis,thereby enabling deeper penetration depth for imaging detection in vivo.展开更多
The herbal drink “Attoté” has been widely used in the Abidjan district to treat a number of illnesses, notably erectile dysfunction. Despite the popularity of its therapeutic effects, very few studies have been...The herbal drink “Attoté” has been widely used in the Abidjan district to treat a number of illnesses, notably erectile dysfunction. Despite the popularity of its therapeutic effects, very few studies have been carried out on its effects on the health of users. The aim of this study was to identify the constituents contained in the phytomedicinal product and to assess their potential adverse effects in vivo. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the bioactive molecules in “Attoté” and to evaluate its hepatic effects in vivo. Forty (40) Wistar rats, randomly divided into 4 groups, with 10 animals per group (5 males and 5 females) were used to study potential hepatotoxic effects. Group 1 animals (control group) received distilled water. Batches I, II and III received by gavage a volume of Attoté extract corresponding to 1 ml/100 g body weight at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, respectively. Attoté extract was administered daily at the same time for 28 days, and serum was collected every two weeks to assess hepatic biochemical markers by spectrophotometry using a Cobas C311® HITACHI biochemistry system. After one month of study, the rats were euthanized by ether overdose and the livers were harvested for morphological and histopathological analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, leucoanthocyanes, anthraquinones and quinones. Hepatic biochemical and hematological parameters such as red globular, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALPs) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) showed no significant change (p > 0.05) in the treated rat group compared with controls. However, these variations were moderate and transient, with values remaining almost within their standard limits. Microscopic observations of liver tissue sections from treated rats showed no liver damage or dysfunction. This study merits further investigation, with a view to gaining a better understanding of the cytotoxic mechanisms of herbal medicinal beverages, with a view to their reformulation as improved traditional medicines (ITMs).展开更多
Currently, animal and clinical research on biomaterials, such as surgical sutures, are mainly performed by removing them from the experiment targets and observing them by microscopy. However, traditional microscopy is...Currently, animal and clinical research on biomaterials, such as surgical sutures, are mainly performed by removing them from the experiment targets and observing them by microscopy. However, traditional microscopy is not able to observe the internal structure, and there is a risk of sacrificing animals to remove the suture and damaging the materials. Therefore, we introduced optical coherence tomography (OCT) to observe and evaluate four different kinds of surgical sutures in vivo (monofilament absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures and braided absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures). As a result, while the monofilament nonabsorbable sutures showed almost no change over time, the absorbable sutures had color fading and it was also confirmed that the internal structure became chaotic due to decomposition, which improved the OCT signal intensity. For the braided sutures, both absorbable and nonabsorbable, we found that the reflection signal improved from week 0 because blood got among the filaments of sutures and dried during recovery which increased OCT signal from week 0 to week 1. We also confirmed that the braided sutures untwisted over time. All four kinds of sutures were pulled due to the movement of rats during recovery. It is expected that OCT technology will be of great help in in vivo experiments on biomaterials such as sutures.展开更多
Metabolic syndrome(MetS)is a cluster of risk factors that significantly increase the chances of developing heart disease,type 2 diabetes mellitus,stroke,and other cardiovascular complications.Since current anti-MetS m...Metabolic syndrome(MetS)is a cluster of risk factors that significantly increase the chances of developing heart disease,type 2 diabetes mellitus,stroke,and other cardiovascular complications.Since current anti-MetS medications like statins,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors,β-blockers,insulin sensitizers and diuretics have been reported to cause unwanted side effects,researchers are exploring promising alternatives.One such alternative relies on the potential of spices and condiments,which have a long history of use in traditional medicine.Among them,Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume stands out as a popular spice worldwide for its unique taste,aroma,and delicate sweetness compared to other cinnamon varieties.This narrative review aims to summarize the in vivo and clinical evidence concerning the efficacy of C.zeylanicum against MetS indices.Relevant articles from PubMed,Scopus and Google scholar databases were reviewed.In vivo results suggested that C.zeylanicum preparations(extracts,essential oil,crude powder,bioactive compounds,and biosynthesized nanoparticles)were remarkably efficient in ameliorating MetS indices,while the clinical data were less and with several methodological limitations.Further robust clinical studies are warranted to definitively establish C.zeylanicum as a promising functional food for mitigating MetS,potentially leading to its dietary integration as a natural approach to improve metabolic health.展开更多
Cartilage is a highly specialized connective tissue that provides structure,flexibility,and strength to joints and serves as a crucial precursor to bone formation throughout embryonic growth and development.Cartilage ...Cartilage is a highly specialized connective tissue that provides structure,flexibility,and strength to joints and serves as a crucial precursor to bone formation throughout embryonic growth and development.Cartilage formation relies on chondrocytes,which play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by producing substantial amounts of extracellular matrix(ECM)and ground substance.展开更多
Edible mushroom polysaccharides demonstrate a range of bioactivities and have been investigated as potential adjuvant therapies for cancer treatment.Our prior research found Lactariks hatsudake Tanaka polysaccharide(L...Edible mushroom polysaccharides demonstrate a range of bioactivities and have been investigated as potential adjuvant therapies for cancer treatment.Our prior research found Lactariks hatsudake Tanaka polysaccharide(LHP)effective against hepatocellular carcinoma,but the mechanisms remain unclear.This study aims to clarify the anti-cancer molecular mechanisms by examining the effects on specific signaling pathways through in vivo and in vitro analyses.Animal studies showed that LHP significantly inhibited the growth of transplanted liver cancer without toxicity.Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that LHP increased nuclear cohesion in tumor cells and altered the expression of key regulatory proteins such as protein kinase B(Akt),nuclear factorκB(NFκB),caspase-3,p21,and p53.These findings suggest that LHP’s anticancer effects involve promoting apoptosis and disrupting the cell cycle.At the cellular level,assays such as 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium(MTS),flow cytometry,and transwell invasion confirmed that LHP inhibited cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis.Polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays revealed that LHP intervention reduced cyclin-dependent kinase 4 activity by upregulating p53 and p21,leading to cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell proliferation.LHP also promoted apoptosis by altering Bcl-2-associated X protein,B-cell lymphoma 2,and cleaved caspase-3 levels.Moreover,LHP could affect the Akt,NF-κB,and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways to exert anticancer effects.These findings underscore the potential of LHP as a novel and multifaceted therapeutic agent.Furthermore,the elucidation of LHP-related mechanisms offers a crucial theoretical foundation for developing innovative and effective treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma.Additionally,this supports its potential development as a functional food or adjuvant therapy for cancer,which holds significant implications and application prospects in both the food and medical fields.展开更多
The authors wish to amend the following information“The Western blotting of the CHOP protein in Figure 2D,the internal reference used is GAPDH,which has a molecular weight of 36 kDa”and“the SRT1720 group immunofluo...The authors wish to amend the following information“The Western blotting of the CHOP protein in Figure 2D,the internal reference used is GAPDH,which has a molecular weight of 36 kDa”and“the SRT1720 group immunofluorescence image in Figure 4G”.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this study was to find the optimal force that should be applied to control urine leakage using a non-hydraulic cuff design,and to investigate the relationship between the number of cuffs used in u...Objective:The aim of this study was to find the optimal force that should be applied to control urine leakage using a non-hydraulic cuff design,and to investigate the relationship between the number of cuffs used in urinary control and the change in demand force.Method:In this study,five sheep bladders were used to design and build a biomechanical evaluation system.The biomechanical system included the bladder,pressure gauge,pressure regulator system of the bladder,and force application system by the cuff.In this study,we increased the fluid pressure inside the bladder from 0 cmH_(2)O to 200 cmH_(2)O(1 cmH_(2)O=0.098 kPa),and at each point,the force applied by the cuff to prevent fluid leakage was measured and recorded.Results:The study revealed that a mean tensile force of 2.81(standard deviation 0.23)N for a single cuff and 1.63(standard deviation 0.16)N for double cuffs with symmetrical pressure effectively prevented bladder fluid leakage in the pressure range from 75 cmH_(2)O to 100 cmH_(2)O(p<0.001).However,there were no significant differences in results when comparing the applied tensile force required by double cuffs with asymmetric tensile force to that of the single cuff use.Furthermore,using three cuffs instead of two did not yield significantly different outcomes.Conclusion:Using double cuffs with symmetrical pressure had a greater effect compared with a single cuff with the same tensile force.Although multiple cuffs with varying tensile forces were not found to be useful in controlling urine leakage in this study,it is suggested that applying variable forces alternately and rotationally among several cuffs may reduce long-term risks such as atrophy and necrosis.Future in vivo studies are recommended to further evaluate efficiency.展开更多
Mutations in the Rhodopsin(RHO)gene are the main cause of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa(adRP),84%of which are pathogenic gain-of-function point mutations.Treatment strategies for adRP typically involve silen...Mutations in the Rhodopsin(RHO)gene are the main cause of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa(adRP),84%of which are pathogenic gain-of-function point mutations.Treatment strategies for adRP typically involve silencing or ablating the pathogenic allele,while normal RHO protein replacement has no meaningful therapeutic benefit.Here,we present an adenine base editor(ABE)-mediated therapeutic approach for adRP caused by RHO point mutations in vivo.The correctable pathogenic mutations are screened and verified,including T17M,Q344ter,and P347L.Two adRP animal models are created carrying the class 1(Q344ter)and class 2(T17M)mutations,and dual AAV-delivered ABE can effectively repair both mutations in vivo.The early intervention of ABE8e efficiently corrects the Q344ter mutation that causes a severe form of adRP,delays photoreceptor death,and restores retinal function and visual behavior.These results suggest that ABE is a promising alternative to treat RHO mutation-associated adRP.Our work provides an effective spacer-mediated point mutation correction therapy for dominantly inherited ocular disorders.展开更多
Rare earth luminescent materials have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field as noncontact temperature monitoring devices with microscopic resolution due to their properties in the visible and near-infr...Rare earth luminescent materials have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field as noncontact temperature monitoring devices with microscopic resolution due to their properties in the visible and near-infrared regions.At the application level,it is required to have a certain temperature monitoring capability in the near-infrared region II window to enhance the tissue penetration depth.Here,two kinds of YOFs:Er^(3+),Yb^(3+)were prepared by co-precipitation and hydrothermal method,and the luminescence was enhanced by ion doping.An Er^(3+)-based ratiometric nanothermometer of ^(4)F_(9∕2)→4 I_(15∕2)(672nm,upconversion luminescence)to ^(4)I _(13∕2)→^(4) I_(15∕2)(1580nm/1566nm,NIR II downshifting luminescence)were designed with the Stark energy level.When doped with 2%Zn^(2+),the relative temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by co-precipitation method was improved from 0.30%℃^(-1)(30℃)to 0.59%℃^(-1)(30℃),expanding its use as a temperature monitoring device possibility.The temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by hydrothermal method was 1.01%℃^(-1)(30℃).Finally,the NIR II luminescence of the prepared nanothermometer was used as a control for temperature monitoring of heating sites in mice.The results showed that it can distinguish heating site from control site and no significant cytotoxicity or damage to the tissues was revealed,indicating its broad prospects in the biomedical field and other temperature monitoring scenarios in the future.展开更多
The degradation characteristics of high-purity(HP)magnesium(Mg)orthopedic implants under static and cyclic compressive loads(SCL and CCL)remain inadequately understood.This study developed an in vivo loading device ca...The degradation characteristics of high-purity(HP)magnesium(Mg)orthopedic implants under static and cyclic compressive loads(SCL and CCL)remain inadequately understood.This study developed an in vivo loading device capable of applying single SCL and CCL while shielding against unpredictable host movements.In vitro degradation experiments of HP Mg implants were conducted to verify the experimental protocol,and in vivo experiments in rabbit tibiae to observe the degradation characteristics of the implants.Micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscope were used for three-dimensional reconstruction and surface morphology analysis,respectively.Compared to in vitro specimens,in vivo specimens exhibited significantly higher corrosion rates and more extensive cracking.Cracks in the in vivo specimens gradually penetrated deeper from the loading surface,eventually leading to a rapid structural deterioration;whereas in vitro specimens exhibited more surface-localized cracking and a relatively uniform corrosion pattern.Compared to SCL,CCL accelerated both corrosion and cracking to some extent.These findings provide new insights into the in vivo degradation behavior of Mg-based implants under compressive loading conditions.展开更多
Magnesium(Mg)alloys have attracted considerable attention as promising implant materials for biodegradable medical devices.In this study,we focused on investigating the effect of macroscopic environmental heterogeneit...Magnesium(Mg)alloys have attracted considerable attention as promising implant materials for biodegradable medical devices.In this study,we focused on investigating the effect of macroscopic environmental heterogeneity due to the degradation of Mg on its corrosion behavior.The immersion experiments using pure Mg plates,which were placed vertically in a culture medium(Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium(DEME)+10%fetal bovine serum(FBS))for 1,5,and 10 days,were conducted.Surface analyses for the corrosion product layers and the measurements of the pH values and concentrations of eluted ions in the immersion medium around the upper and lower areas of the Mg plate were performed.The significant effect of the macroscopic environmental heterogeneity derived from Mg degradation on the corrosion behavior was demonstrated by in vitro tests.Additionally,the in vivo tests were carried out by implanting the pure Mg plates in the femur of rabbits.The in vivo results exhibited macroscopically heterogeneous Mg degradation,with areas of more severe corrosion compared to the in vitro test;it is especially noticeable during the early stage of degradation,even though the average corrosion rate was lower.展开更多
Nanoclays have large specific surface area,good adsorption properties,and biocompatibility that have great potential for drug delivery applications[1].Evaluating the in vivo metabolic pathways of nanoclays can help to...Nanoclays have large specific surface area,good adsorption properties,and biocompatibility that have great potential for drug delivery applications[1].Evaluating the in vivo metabolic pathways of nanoclays can help to understand their pharmacodynamic sites and the toxicological effects caused by their in vivo retention time[2].展开更多
Testicular tumor is the most common solid malignancy in males under 40 years of age.This malignancy is known to have a negative impact on male fertility.Therefore,several techniques for sperm retrieval have been propo...Testicular tumor is the most common solid malignancy in males under 40 years of age.This malignancy is known to have a negative impact on male fertility.Therefore,several techniques for sperm retrieval have been proposed,including microdissection testicular sperm extraction(mTESE).The objective of this study was to review the literature on the outcomes of oncological(Onco)-mTESE at the time of radical orchiectomy.We conducted a comprehensive literature search through PubMed,Scopus,and Cochrane Central Controlled Register of Trials.Only studies reporting ex vivo mTESE in patients with testicular tumor were considered.Twelve papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review.Tumor size was identified as the sole preoperative factor influencing spermatogenesis.The considered studies demonstrated a satisfactory success rate for Onco-mTESE,associated with a similarly valid percentage of live healthy births through assisted reproductive technology.Currently,no comparison has been made between Onco-mTESE and conventional Onco-TESE,hence further assessment is required.In cases where the tumor completely replaces the cancer-bearing testicle,a contralateral micro-TESE may be a viable alternative.However,the surgeon should evaluate associated risks and benefits preoperatively.In conclusion,Onco-mTESE at the time of radical orchiectomy appears to be a promising therapeutic option for young patients with testicular tumors.Nevertheless,additional studies are necessary to achieve a definitive conclusion.展开更多
Although Steen's solution plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular oncotic pressure and reducing pulmonary edema due to its high concentration of human serum albumin during ex vivo lung perfusion(EVLP),it incu...Although Steen's solution plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular oncotic pressure and reducing pulmonary edema due to its high concentration of human serum albumin during ex vivo lung perfusion(EVLP),it incurs high costs and potential immune responses in rat models.In our preliminary research,donor lungs perfused with Steen's solution exhibited significant lung injury post transplantation,likely due to a strong immune response elicited by the high concentration of xenogenic proteins upon reperfusion.This study explores a low-cost and efficient perfusate composition for use in rat EVLP and lung transplant models.The modified perfusate employed in this study uses artificial colloids as the primary component,with an albumin concentration of only 2%,demonstrating comparable physiological parameters,metabolic levels,and pathological changes to those of Steen's solution during EVLP.Moreover,the modified composition exhibited good biocompatibility in transplantation,with minimal lung injury.In summary,the proposed perfusate offers a safer and more economical alternative for establishing rat EVLP and lung transplant models,facilitating the advancement of related research.展开更多
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and often fatal disease, especially since the brain metastasis of TNBC has been a particularly severe manifestation. However, brain metastasis in TNBC at early sta...Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and often fatal disease, especially since the brain metastasis of TNBC has been a particularly severe manifestation. However, brain metastasis in TNBC at early stages often lacks noticeable symptoms, making it challenging to detect. Near-infrared II (NIR-II) fluorescence microscopic imaging obtains long wavelength, which enables reduced scattering, high spatial resolution and minimal autofluorescence, it is also a favorable imaging method for tumor diagnosis. PbS@CdS quantum dots (QDs) are one of the popular NIR-II fluorescence nanoprobes for well brightness. In this study, NIR-II emissive PbS@CdS QDs were utilized and further encapsulated with thiol-terminated poly(ethylene oxide) (SH-PEG, MW = 5000) to form PbS@CdS@PEG QDs nanoparticles (NPs). The obtained PbS@CdS@PEG QDs NPs were then characterized and further studied in detail. The PbS@CdS@PEG QDs NPs had large absorption spectra, exhibited strong NIR-II fluorescence emission at approximately 1300nm, and possessed good NIR-II fluorescence properties. Then, the mice model of early-stage brain metastases of TNBC was established, and the PbS@CdS@PEG QDs NPs were injected into the tumor-bearing mice for NIR-II fluorescence microscopic bioimaging. The brain vessels and tumors of the living mice were detected with high spatial resolution under the NIR-II fluorescence microscopic imaging system with irradiation of 808nm laser. The tumor tissues were further restricted and prepared as thin slices. The NIR-II fluorescence signals were collected from the tumor slices with high spatial resolution and signal-to-background ratio (SBR). Thus, the PbS@CdS@PEG QDs NPs-assisted NIR-II fluorescence microscopic system can effectively achieve targeting brain metastases of TNBC imaging, offering a novel and promising approach for TNBC-specific diagnosis.展开更多
Organisms are composed of a vast number of highly specialized cells with characteristic physiological functions determined by their structure.Therefore,understanding physiological and pathological mechanisms requires ...Organisms are composed of a vast number of highly specialized cells with characteristic physiological functions determined by their structure.Therefore,understanding physiological and pathological mechanisms requires obtaining 3-dimensional(3D)structural information at the cellular level across tissues,organs,and even the whole body.However,the scattering and absorption of tissue limits the penetration depth of light and thus extremely reduces the imaging performance in deep tissue.It is well known that 3D imaging outperforms 2D imaging in various scenarios for 3D reconstruction of tissue structures.This includes tracing convoluted 3D structures like vasculature,neurons,and prostate glands,as well as elucidating intricate distributions of cells or lesions.展开更多
基金supported by the Nanfan Special Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant Nos.YBXM2320 and YBXM2433)the Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City,China(Grant No.SCKJ-JYRC-2024-58)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,China(Grant No.CAAS-ASTIP-2021-CNRRI).
文摘Doubled haploid(DH)technology has revolutionized crop breeding by enabling the production of homozygous lines in a single generation.In vivo haploid induction(HI)offers a more widely applicable approach that can significantly improve DH breeding efficiency.ToPAR,a parthenogenesis gene,originally identified in dandelion(Taraxacum officinale),has been characterized.Researchers have successfully induced haploid embryo-like structures and haploid offspring in lettuce and foxtail millet,respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81901156(to ZZ),82271200(to ZZ),82171308(to XC)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.xzy012022035(to ZZ)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,Nos.2021JM-261(to QK),2023-YBSF-303(to ZZ)Traditional Chinese Medicine Project of Shaanxi Province,No.2019-ZZ-JC047(to QK)。
文摘The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and continuous comparison between in vivo retinal development and the organotypic retinal explant culture makes this model controversial in postnatal retinal development studies.Thus,we aimed to verify the feasibility of using this model for postnatal retinal development studies by comparing it with the in vivo retina.In this study,we showed that postnatal retinal explants undergo normal development,and exhibit a consistent structure and timeline with retinas in vivo.Initially,we used SOX2 and PAX6 immunostaining to identify retinal progenitor cells.We then examined cell proliferation and migration by immunostaining with Ki-67 and doublecortin,respectively.Ki-67-and doublecortin-positive cells decreased in both in vivo and explants during postnatal retinogenesis,and exhibited a high degree of similarity in abundance and distribution between groups.Additionally,we used Ceh-10 homeodomain-containing homolog,glutamate-ammonia ligase(glutamine synthetase),neuronal nuclei,and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 immunostaining to examine the emergence of bipolar cells,Müller glia,mature neurons,and microglia,respectively.The timing and spatial patterns of the emergence of these cell types were remarkably consistent between in vivo and explant retinas.Our study showed that the organotypic retinal explant culture model had a high degree of consistency with the progression of in vivo early postnatal retina development.The findings confirm the accuracy and credibility of this model and support its use for long-term,systematic,and continuous observation.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFF0710000)。
文摘Development of exquisitely selective and sensitive HClO/ClO^(-)sensor in living system is of the utmost importance.To achieve near-infrared(NIR)-responsive detection of HClO/ClO^(-),a new nanoprobe(csUCNP-Cy820) is composed of the ClO^(-)sensitive Cy820(energy acceptor),and NaLuF4:20%Yb,1%Tm@NaLuF4core@shell upconversion nanoparticles(csUCNP,energy donor) capable of emitting NIR upconversion luminescence(UCL) of Tm^(3+)(800 nm).Through the mechanism of F?rster resonance energy transfer(FRET),the UCL emission can be recovered in the presence of HClO/CIO^(-).The csUCNP-Cy820 nanoprobe is effectively adapted as a precise ClO^(-)detection sensor with a low limit of detection(LoD) of 58 nmol/L in vitro.Moreover,owing to excitation and emission wavelengths both falling within the NIR region,the nanoprobe facilitates high quality imaging in mice models of peritonitis and arthritis,thereby enabling deeper penetration depth for imaging detection in vivo.
文摘The herbal drink “Attoté” has been widely used in the Abidjan district to treat a number of illnesses, notably erectile dysfunction. Despite the popularity of its therapeutic effects, very few studies have been carried out on its effects on the health of users. The aim of this study was to identify the constituents contained in the phytomedicinal product and to assess their potential adverse effects in vivo. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the bioactive molecules in “Attoté” and to evaluate its hepatic effects in vivo. Forty (40) Wistar rats, randomly divided into 4 groups, with 10 animals per group (5 males and 5 females) were used to study potential hepatotoxic effects. Group 1 animals (control group) received distilled water. Batches I, II and III received by gavage a volume of Attoté extract corresponding to 1 ml/100 g body weight at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, respectively. Attoté extract was administered daily at the same time for 28 days, and serum was collected every two weeks to assess hepatic biochemical markers by spectrophotometry using a Cobas C311® HITACHI biochemistry system. After one month of study, the rats were euthanized by ether overdose and the livers were harvested for morphological and histopathological analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, leucoanthocyanes, anthraquinones and quinones. Hepatic biochemical and hematological parameters such as red globular, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALPs) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) showed no significant change (p > 0.05) in the treated rat group compared with controls. However, these variations were moderate and transient, with values remaining almost within their standard limits. Microscopic observations of liver tissue sections from treated rats showed no liver damage or dysfunction. This study merits further investigation, with a view to gaining a better understanding of the cytotoxic mechanisms of herbal medicinal beverages, with a view to their reformulation as improved traditional medicines (ITMs).
文摘Currently, animal and clinical research on biomaterials, such as surgical sutures, are mainly performed by removing them from the experiment targets and observing them by microscopy. However, traditional microscopy is not able to observe the internal structure, and there is a risk of sacrificing animals to remove the suture and damaging the materials. Therefore, we introduced optical coherence tomography (OCT) to observe and evaluate four different kinds of surgical sutures in vivo (monofilament absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures and braided absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures). As a result, while the monofilament nonabsorbable sutures showed almost no change over time, the absorbable sutures had color fading and it was also confirmed that the internal structure became chaotic due to decomposition, which improved the OCT signal intensity. For the braided sutures, both absorbable and nonabsorbable, we found that the reflection signal improved from week 0 because blood got among the filaments of sutures and dried during recovery which increased OCT signal from week 0 to week 1. We also confirmed that the braided sutures untwisted over time. All four kinds of sutures were pulled due to the movement of rats during recovery. It is expected that OCT technology will be of great help in in vivo experiments on biomaterials such as sutures.
文摘Metabolic syndrome(MetS)is a cluster of risk factors that significantly increase the chances of developing heart disease,type 2 diabetes mellitus,stroke,and other cardiovascular complications.Since current anti-MetS medications like statins,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors,β-blockers,insulin sensitizers and diuretics have been reported to cause unwanted side effects,researchers are exploring promising alternatives.One such alternative relies on the potential of spices and condiments,which have a long history of use in traditional medicine.Among them,Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume stands out as a popular spice worldwide for its unique taste,aroma,and delicate sweetness compared to other cinnamon varieties.This narrative review aims to summarize the in vivo and clinical evidence concerning the efficacy of C.zeylanicum against MetS indices.Relevant articles from PubMed,Scopus and Google scholar databases were reviewed.In vivo results suggested that C.zeylanicum preparations(extracts,essential oil,crude powder,bioactive compounds,and biosynthesized nanoparticles)were remarkably efficient in ameliorating MetS indices,while the clinical data were less and with several methodological limitations.Further robust clinical studies are warranted to definitively establish C.zeylanicum as a promising functional food for mitigating MetS,potentially leading to its dietary integration as a natural approach to improve metabolic health.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2021ZD0204500 and 2021ZD0204502 to J.Du)Creative Research Groups(32321003 to J.Du)of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Cartilage is a highly specialized connective tissue that provides structure,flexibility,and strength to joints and serves as a crucial precursor to bone formation throughout embryonic growth and development.Cartilage formation relies on chondrocytes,which play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by producing substantial amounts of extracellular matrix(ECM)and ground substance.
基金support of this research by the Program for Science&Technology Innovation Platform and Talent of Hunan Province(2021RC40322019TP1029)+2 种基金the Key R&D Plan of Hunan Province(2022SK2100,2023NK2034)the Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China(GJFP20230204)the Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Project in Hunan Province(XLK202431).
文摘Edible mushroom polysaccharides demonstrate a range of bioactivities and have been investigated as potential adjuvant therapies for cancer treatment.Our prior research found Lactariks hatsudake Tanaka polysaccharide(LHP)effective against hepatocellular carcinoma,but the mechanisms remain unclear.This study aims to clarify the anti-cancer molecular mechanisms by examining the effects on specific signaling pathways through in vivo and in vitro analyses.Animal studies showed that LHP significantly inhibited the growth of transplanted liver cancer without toxicity.Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that LHP increased nuclear cohesion in tumor cells and altered the expression of key regulatory proteins such as protein kinase B(Akt),nuclear factorκB(NFκB),caspase-3,p21,and p53.These findings suggest that LHP’s anticancer effects involve promoting apoptosis and disrupting the cell cycle.At the cellular level,assays such as 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium(MTS),flow cytometry,and transwell invasion confirmed that LHP inhibited cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis.Polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays revealed that LHP intervention reduced cyclin-dependent kinase 4 activity by upregulating p53 and p21,leading to cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell proliferation.LHP also promoted apoptosis by altering Bcl-2-associated X protein,B-cell lymphoma 2,and cleaved caspase-3 levels.Moreover,LHP could affect the Akt,NF-κB,and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways to exert anticancer effects.These findings underscore the potential of LHP as a novel and multifaceted therapeutic agent.Furthermore,the elucidation of LHP-related mechanisms offers a crucial theoretical foundation for developing innovative and effective treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma.Additionally,this supports its potential development as a functional food or adjuvant therapy for cancer,which holds significant implications and application prospects in both the food and medical fields.
文摘The authors wish to amend the following information“The Western blotting of the CHOP protein in Figure 2D,the internal reference used is GAPDH,which has a molecular weight of 36 kDa”and“the SRT1720 group immunofluorescence image in Figure 4G”.
文摘Objective:The aim of this study was to find the optimal force that should be applied to control urine leakage using a non-hydraulic cuff design,and to investigate the relationship between the number of cuffs used in urinary control and the change in demand force.Method:In this study,five sheep bladders were used to design and build a biomechanical evaluation system.The biomechanical system included the bladder,pressure gauge,pressure regulator system of the bladder,and force application system by the cuff.In this study,we increased the fluid pressure inside the bladder from 0 cmH_(2)O to 200 cmH_(2)O(1 cmH_(2)O=0.098 kPa),and at each point,the force applied by the cuff to prevent fluid leakage was measured and recorded.Results:The study revealed that a mean tensile force of 2.81(standard deviation 0.23)N for a single cuff and 1.63(standard deviation 0.16)N for double cuffs with symmetrical pressure effectively prevented bladder fluid leakage in the pressure range from 75 cmH_(2)O to 100 cmH_(2)O(p<0.001).However,there were no significant differences in results when comparing the applied tensile force required by double cuffs with asymmetric tensile force to that of the single cuff use.Furthermore,using three cuffs instead of two did not yield significantly different outcomes.Conclusion:Using double cuffs with symmetrical pressure had a greater effect compared with a single cuff with the same tensile force.Although multiple cuffs with varying tensile forces were not found to be useful in controlling urine leakage in this study,it is suggested that applying variable forces alternately and rotationally among several cuffs may reduce long-term risks such as atrophy and necrosis.Future in vivo studies are recommended to further evaluate efficiency.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2506100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971365,32371509,32001063,and 82271688)+3 种基金the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(2019BT02Y276)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515010176)the grant from MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation,the Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(2023A04J1952)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-sen University(23ptpy59).
文摘Mutations in the Rhodopsin(RHO)gene are the main cause of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa(adRP),84%of which are pathogenic gain-of-function point mutations.Treatment strategies for adRP typically involve silencing or ablating the pathogenic allele,while normal RHO protein replacement has no meaningful therapeutic benefit.Here,we present an adenine base editor(ABE)-mediated therapeutic approach for adRP caused by RHO point mutations in vivo.The correctable pathogenic mutations are screened and verified,including T17M,Q344ter,and P347L.Two adRP animal models are created carrying the class 1(Q344ter)and class 2(T17M)mutations,and dual AAV-delivered ABE can effectively repair both mutations in vivo.The early intervention of ABE8e efficiently corrects the Q344ter mutation that causes a severe form of adRP,delays photoreceptor death,and restores retinal function and visual behavior.These results suggest that ABE is a promising alternative to treat RHO mutation-associated adRP.Our work provides an effective spacer-mediated point mutation correction therapy for dominantly inherited ocular disorders.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2023-YBSF-479)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 22075249)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Rare earth luminescent materials have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field as noncontact temperature monitoring devices with microscopic resolution due to their properties in the visible and near-infrared regions.At the application level,it is required to have a certain temperature monitoring capability in the near-infrared region II window to enhance the tissue penetration depth.Here,two kinds of YOFs:Er^(3+),Yb^(3+)were prepared by co-precipitation and hydrothermal method,and the luminescence was enhanced by ion doping.An Er^(3+)-based ratiometric nanothermometer of ^(4)F_(9∕2)→4 I_(15∕2)(672nm,upconversion luminescence)to ^(4)I _(13∕2)→^(4) I_(15∕2)(1580nm/1566nm,NIR II downshifting luminescence)were designed with the Stark energy level.When doped with 2%Zn^(2+),the relative temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by co-precipitation method was improved from 0.30%℃^(-1)(30℃)to 0.59%℃^(-1)(30℃),expanding its use as a temperature monitoring device possibility.The temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by hydrothermal method was 1.01%℃^(-1)(30℃).Finally,the NIR II luminescence of the prepared nanothermometer was used as a control for temperature monitoring of heating sites in mice.The results showed that it can distinguish heating site from control site and no significant cytotoxicity or damage to the tissues was revealed,indicating its broad prospects in the biomedical field and other temperature monitoring scenarios in the future.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China[51975317].
文摘The degradation characteristics of high-purity(HP)magnesium(Mg)orthopedic implants under static and cyclic compressive loads(SCL and CCL)remain inadequately understood.This study developed an in vivo loading device capable of applying single SCL and CCL while shielding against unpredictable host movements.In vitro degradation experiments of HP Mg implants were conducted to verify the experimental protocol,and in vivo experiments in rabbit tibiae to observe the degradation characteristics of the implants.Micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscope were used for three-dimensional reconstruction and surface morphology analysis,respectively.Compared to in vitro specimens,in vivo specimens exhibited significantly higher corrosion rates and more extensive cracking.Cracks in the in vivo specimens gradually penetrated deeper from the loading surface,eventually leading to a rapid structural deterioration;whereas in vitro specimens exhibited more surface-localized cracking and a relatively uniform corrosion pattern.Compared to SCL,CCL accelerated both corrosion and cracking to some extent.These findings provide new insights into the in vivo degradation behavior of Mg-based implants under compressive loading conditions.
基金supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 22K12903.
文摘Magnesium(Mg)alloys have attracted considerable attention as promising implant materials for biodegradable medical devices.In this study,we focused on investigating the effect of macroscopic environmental heterogeneity due to the degradation of Mg on its corrosion behavior.The immersion experiments using pure Mg plates,which were placed vertically in a culture medium(Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium(DEME)+10%fetal bovine serum(FBS))for 1,5,and 10 days,were conducted.Surface analyses for the corrosion product layers and the measurements of the pH values and concentrations of eluted ions in the immersion medium around the upper and lower areas of the Mg plate were performed.The significant effect of the macroscopic environmental heterogeneity derived from Mg degradation on the corrosion behavior was demonstrated by in vitro tests.Additionally,the in vivo tests were carried out by implanting the pure Mg plates in the femur of rabbits.The in vivo results exhibited macroscopically heterogeneous Mg degradation,with areas of more severe corrosion compared to the in vitro test;it is especially noticeable during the early stage of degradation,even though the average corrosion rate was lower.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.:2023YFF0716000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:82071965)+1 种基金Major plan of Jointly Constructed Project by the Science and Technology Department of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Zhejiang Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(Grant No.:GZY-ZJ-KJ-24025)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:LQ23H180005).
文摘Nanoclays have large specific surface area,good adsorption properties,and biocompatibility that have great potential for drug delivery applications[1].Evaluating the in vivo metabolic pathways of nanoclays can help to understand their pharmacodynamic sites and the toxicological effects caused by their in vivo retention time[2].
文摘Testicular tumor is the most common solid malignancy in males under 40 years of age.This malignancy is known to have a negative impact on male fertility.Therefore,several techniques for sperm retrieval have been proposed,including microdissection testicular sperm extraction(mTESE).The objective of this study was to review the literature on the outcomes of oncological(Onco)-mTESE at the time of radical orchiectomy.We conducted a comprehensive literature search through PubMed,Scopus,and Cochrane Central Controlled Register of Trials.Only studies reporting ex vivo mTESE in patients with testicular tumor were considered.Twelve papers met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review.Tumor size was identified as the sole preoperative factor influencing spermatogenesis.The considered studies demonstrated a satisfactory success rate for Onco-mTESE,associated with a similarly valid percentage of live healthy births through assisted reproductive technology.Currently,no comparison has been made between Onco-mTESE and conventional Onco-TESE,hence further assessment is required.In cases where the tumor completely replaces the cancer-bearing testicle,a contralateral micro-TESE may be a viable alternative.However,the surgeon should evaluate associated risks and benefits preoperatively.In conclusion,Onco-mTESE at the time of radical orchiectomy appears to be a promising therapeutic option for young patients with testicular tumors.Nevertheless,additional studies are necessary to achieve a definitive conclusion.
文摘Although Steen's solution plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular oncotic pressure and reducing pulmonary edema due to its high concentration of human serum albumin during ex vivo lung perfusion(EVLP),it incurs high costs and potential immune responses in rat models.In our preliminary research,donor lungs perfused with Steen's solution exhibited significant lung injury post transplantation,likely due to a strong immune response elicited by the high concentration of xenogenic proteins upon reperfusion.This study explores a low-cost and efficient perfusate composition for use in rat EVLP and lung transplant models.The modified perfusate employed in this study uses artificial colloids as the primary component,with an albumin concentration of only 2%,demonstrating comparable physiological parameters,metabolic levels,and pathological changes to those of Steen's solution during EVLP.Moreover,the modified composition exhibited good biocompatibility in transplantation,with minimal lung injury.In summary,the proposed perfusate offers a safer and more economical alternative for establishing rat EVLP and lung transplant models,facilitating the advancement of related research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant Nos.62035011,82202220 and 82060326State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis,Prevention and treat ment of High Incident Diseases in central Asia(Nos.SKL-HIDCA-2022-3 and SKL-HIDCA-2022-GJ1)+3 种基金the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Regional Collaborative Innovation Special Science and Technology Assistance Program(No.2022E02130)Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Natural Sci ence Foundation Key Project(No.2022D01D40)Outstanding Youth Project(2023D01E06)Y.Gao and C.Zhang authors contributed equally to this work.
文摘Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive and often fatal disease, especially since the brain metastasis of TNBC has been a particularly severe manifestation. However, brain metastasis in TNBC at early stages often lacks noticeable symptoms, making it challenging to detect. Near-infrared II (NIR-II) fluorescence microscopic imaging obtains long wavelength, which enables reduced scattering, high spatial resolution and minimal autofluorescence, it is also a favorable imaging method for tumor diagnosis. PbS@CdS quantum dots (QDs) are one of the popular NIR-II fluorescence nanoprobes for well brightness. In this study, NIR-II emissive PbS@CdS QDs were utilized and further encapsulated with thiol-terminated poly(ethylene oxide) (SH-PEG, MW = 5000) to form PbS@CdS@PEG QDs nanoparticles (NPs). The obtained PbS@CdS@PEG QDs NPs were then characterized and further studied in detail. The PbS@CdS@PEG QDs NPs had large absorption spectra, exhibited strong NIR-II fluorescence emission at approximately 1300nm, and possessed good NIR-II fluorescence properties. Then, the mice model of early-stage brain metastases of TNBC was established, and the PbS@CdS@PEG QDs NPs were injected into the tumor-bearing mice for NIR-II fluorescence microscopic bioimaging. The brain vessels and tumors of the living mice were detected with high spatial resolution under the NIR-II fluorescence microscopic imaging system with irradiation of 808nm laser. The tumor tissues were further restricted and prepared as thin slices. The NIR-II fluorescence signals were collected from the tumor slices with high spatial resolution and signal-to-background ratio (SBR). Thus, the PbS@CdS@PEG QDs NPs-assisted NIR-II fluorescence microscopic system can effectively achieve targeting brain metastases of TNBC imaging, offering a novel and promising approach for TNBC-specific diagnosis.
基金funded by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(grant nos.62375096,61860206009,32361133552,and 82361138569)the Russian Science Foundation(grant no.24-44-00082)。
文摘Organisms are composed of a vast number of highly specialized cells with characteristic physiological functions determined by their structure.Therefore,understanding physiological and pathological mechanisms requires obtaining 3-dimensional(3D)structural information at the cellular level across tissues,organs,and even the whole body.However,the scattering and absorption of tissue limits the penetration depth of light and thus extremely reduces the imaging performance in deep tissue.It is well known that 3D imaging outperforms 2D imaging in various scenarios for 3D reconstruction of tissue structures.This includes tracing convoluted 3D structures like vasculature,neurons,and prostate glands,as well as elucidating intricate distributions of cells or lesions.
