Visual signals, including changes in coloration and color patterns, are frequently used by animalsto convey information. During contests, body coloration and its changes can be used to assess anopponent＇s state or mo...Visual signals, including changes in coloration and color patterns, are frequently used by animalsto convey information. During contests, body coloration and its changes can be used to assess anopponent＇s state or motivation. Communication of aggressive propensity is particularly importantin group-living animals with a stable dominance hierarchy, as the outcome of aggressive inter-actions determines the social rank of group members. Neolamprologus pulcher is a cooperativelybreeding cichlid showing frequent within-group aggression. Both sexes exhibit two vertical blackstripes on the operculum that vary naturally in shape and darkness. During frontal threat displaysthese patterns are actively exposed to the opponent, suggesting a signaling function. To investi-gate the role of operculum stripes during contests we manipulated their darkness in computeranimated pictures of the fish. We recorded the responses in behavior and stripe darkness of testsubjects to which these animated pictures were presented. Individuals with initially darker stripeswere more aggressive against the animations and showed more operculum threat displays.Operculum stripes of test subjects became darker after exposure to an animation exhibiting a paleoperculum than after exposure to a dark operculum animation, highlighting the role of the dark-ness of this color pattern in opponent assessment. We conclude that （i） the black stripes on theoperculum of N. pulcherare a reliable signal of aggression and dominance, （ii） these markings playan important role in opponent assessment, and （iii） 2D computer animations are well suited to elicitbiologically meaningful short-term aggressive responses in this widely used model system ofsocial evolution.展开更多
Objective The study of medicine formulas is a core component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),yet traditional learning methods often lack interactivity and contextual understanding,making it challenging for beginn...Objective The study of medicine formulas is a core component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),yet traditional learning methods often lack interactivity and contextual understanding,making it challenging for beginners to grasp the intricate composition rules of formulas.To address this gap,we introduce Formula-S,a situated visualization method for TCM formula learning in augmented reality(AR)and evaluate its performance.This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Formula-S in enhancing TCM formula learning for beginners by comparing it with traditional text-based formula learning and web-based visualization.Methods Formula-S is an interactive AR tool designed for TCM formula learning,featuring three modes(3D,Web,and Table).The dataset included TCM formulas and herb properties extracted from authoritative references,including textbook and the SymMap database.In Formula-S,the hierarchical visualization of the formulas as herbal medicine compositions,is linked to the multidimensional herb attribute visualization and embedded in the real world,where real herb samples are presented.To evaluate its effectiveness,a controlled study(n=30)was conducted.Participants who had no formal TCM knowledge were tasked with herbal medicine identification,formula composition,and recognition.In the study,participants interacted with the AR tool through HoloLens 2.Data were collected on both task performance(accuracy and response time)and user experience,with a focus on task efficiency,accuracy,and user preference across the different learning modes.Results The situated visualization method of Formula-S had comparable accuracy to other methods but shorter response time for herbal formula learning tasks.Regarding user experience,our new approach demonstrated the highest system usability and lowest task load,effectively reducing cognitive load and allowing users to complete tasks with greater ease and efficiency.Participants reported that Formula-S enhanced their learning experience through its intuitive interface and immersive AR environment,suggesting this approach offers usability advantages for TCM education.Conclusions The situated visualization method in Formula-S offers more efficient and accurate searching capabilities compared to traditional and web-based methods.Additionally,it provides superior contextual understanding of TCM formulas,making it a promising new solution for TCM learning.展开更多
With the development of anti-virus technology,malicious documents have gradually become the main pathway of Advanced Persistent Threat(APT)attacks,therefore,the development of effective malicious document classifiers ...With the development of anti-virus technology,malicious documents have gradually become the main pathway of Advanced Persistent Threat(APT)attacks,therefore,the development of effective malicious document classifiers has become particularly urgent.Currently,detection methods based on document structure and behavioral features encounter challenges in feature engineering,these methods not only have limited accuracy,but also consume large resources,and usually can only detect documents in specific formats,which lacks versatility and adaptability.To address such problems,this paper proposes a novel malicious document detection method-visualizing documents as GGE images(Grayscale,Grayscale matrix,Entropy).The GGE method visualizes the original byte sequence of the malicious document as a grayscale image,the information entropy sequence of the document as an entropy image,and at the same time,the grayscale level co-occurrence matrix and the texture and spatial information stored in it are converted into grayscale matrix image,and fuses the three types of images to get the GGE color image.The Convolutional Block Attention Module-EfficientNet-B0(CBAM-EfficientNet-B0)model is then used for classification,combining transfer learning and applying the pre-trained model on the ImageNet dataset to the feature extraction process of GGE images.As shown in the experimental results,the GGE method has superior performance compared with other methods,which is suitable for detecting malicious documents in different formats,and achieves an accuracy of 99.44%and 97.39%on Portable Document Format(PDF)and office datasets,respectively,and consumes less time during the detection process,which can be effectively applied to the task of detecting malicious documents in real-time.展开更多
With the development of educational digitalization,how to effectively apply digital animation technology to traditional classroom teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved.This study explores the application ...With the development of educational digitalization,how to effectively apply digital animation technology to traditional classroom teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved.This study explores the application of Manim in the course of Mathematical Methods for Physics.Taking the visualization of Fourier series,complex numbers,and other content as examples,it improves students’understanding of complex and abstract mathematical physics concepts through dynamic and visual teaching methods.The teaching effect shows that Manim helps to enhance students’learning experience,improve teaching efficiency and effectiveness,and has a positive impact on students’active learning ability.The research in this paper can provide references and inspiration for the educational digitalization of higher education.展开更多
BACKGROUND Epidemiological surveys indicate an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among children and adolescents worldwide.Due to rapid disease progression,severe long-term cardiorenal complications...BACKGROUND Epidemiological surveys indicate an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among children and adolescents worldwide.Due to rapid disease progression,severe long-term cardiorenal complications,a lack of effective treatment strategies,and substantial socioeconomic burdens,it has become an urgent public health issue that requires management and resolution.Adolescent T2DM differs from adult T2DM.Despite a significant increase in our understanding of youth-onset T2DM over the past two decades,the related review and evidence-based content remain limited.AIM To visualize the hotspots and trends in pediatric and adolescent T2DM research and to forecast their future research themes.METHODS This study utilized the terms“children”,“adolescents”,and“type 2 diabetes”,retrieving relevant articles published between 1983 and 2023 from three citation databases within the Web of Science Core Collection(SCI,SSCI,ESCI).Utilizing CiteSpace and VoSviewer software,we analyze and visually represent the annual output of literature,countries involved,and participating institutions.This allows us to predict trends in this research field.Our analysis encompasses co-cited authors,journal overlays,citation overlays,time-zone views,keyword analysis,and reference analysis,etc.RESULTS A total of 9210 articles were included,and the annual publication volume in this field showed a steady growth trend.The United States had the highest number of publications and the highest H-index.The United States also had the most research institutions and the strongest research capacity.The global hot journals were primarily diabetes professional journals but also included journals related to nutrition,endocrinology,and metabolism.Keyword analysis showed that research related to endothelial dysfunction,exposure risk,cardiac metabolic risk,changes in gut microbiota,the impact on comorbidities and outcomes,etc.,were emerging keywords.They have maintained their popularity in this field,suggesting that these areas have garnered significant research interest in recent years.CONCLUSION Pediatric and adolescent T2DM is increasingly drawing global attention,with genes,behaviors,environmental factors,and multisystemic interventions potentially emerging as future research hot spots.展开更多
As industrial production progresses toward digitalization,massive amounts of data have been collected,transmitted,and stored,with characteristics of large-scale,high-dimensional,heterogeneous,and spatiotemporal dynami...As industrial production progresses toward digitalization,massive amounts of data have been collected,transmitted,and stored,with characteristics of large-scale,high-dimensional,heterogeneous,and spatiotemporal dynamics.The high complexity of industrial big data poses challenges for the practical decision-making of domain experts,leading to ever-increasing needs for integrating computational intelligence with human perception into traditional data analysis.Industrial big data visualization integrates theoretical methods and practical technologies from multiple disciplines,including data mining,information visualization,computer graphics,and human-computer interaction,providing a highly effective manner for understanding and exploring the complex industrial processes.This review summarizes the state-of-the-art approaches,characterizes them with six visualization methods,and categorizes them based on analytical tasks and applications.Furthermore,key research challenges and potential future directions are identified.展开更多
The 15th China International Animation Copyright Fair concluded successfully at the ACTIF Center in Shipai Town,Dongguan City,also known as the'"Capital of Art Toys in China.n Over 600 Chinese and foreign ent...The 15th China International Animation Copyright Fair concluded successfully at the ACTIF Center in Shipai Town,Dongguan City,also known as the'"Capital of Art Toys in China.n Over 600 Chinese and foreign enterprises and institutions participated in the event,which featured over 2,000 film and animation IPs from more than 40 countries and regions.展开更多
While the field of animation studies has expanded in the past decades, scholarly attention paid to the world of animation has been limited to either major works or dominant theoretical approaches from the United State...While the field of animation studies has expanded in the past decades, scholarly attention paid to the world of animation has been limited to either major works or dominant theoretical approaches from the United States, Europe, and Japan. Among the few exceptions.展开更多
Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food mater...Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.展开更多
The Taishan Antineutrino Observatory(TAO)is a satellite experiment of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory,located near the Taishan nuclear power plant(NPP).The TAO aims to measure the energy spectrum of reac...The Taishan Antineutrino Observatory(TAO)is a satellite experiment of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory,located near the Taishan nuclear power plant(NPP).The TAO aims to measure the energy spectrum of reactor antineutrinos with unprecedented precision,which would benefit both reactor neutrino physics and the nuclear database.A detector geometry and event visualization system was developed for the TAO.The software was based on ROOT packages and embedded in the TAO offline software framework.This provided an intuitive tool for visualizing the detector geometry,tuning the reconstruction algorithm,understanding neutrino physics,and monitoring the operation of reactors at NPP.Further applications of the visualization system in the experimental operation of TAO and its future development are discussed.展开更多
Objective:Based on the CNKI database,this study analyzes the current research status and hotspots of the Timing it Right(TIR)Theory in China,providing insights and references for its further development in the field o...Objective:Based on the CNKI database,this study analyzes the current research status and hotspots of the Timing it Right(TIR)Theory in China,providing insights and references for its further development in the field of nursing.Methods:Using bibliometric methods and Citespace software,this study conducts a statistical and visual analysis of publications on TIR Theory from CNKI,focusing on annual publication volumes,author collaboration networks,high-frequency keywords,and emergent terms.Results:The study statistically analyzed the time distribution and research hotspots of 117 relevant papers.The annual publication volume shows a gradual upward trend,though the overall volume remains low.High-frequency keywords such as“family nursing,”“quality of life,”“acute myocardial infarction,”and“stroke”form the core research themes.Conclusion:Research on TIR Theory in China’s nursing field is still in the exploratory stage,and its attention and emphasis need to be enhanced.As it aligns with modern medical models,its application scope in nursing is expanding,promoting the high-quality,scientific,and diversified development of nursing services in China.展开更多
Background:Over the past 15 years,research has emphasized the crucial role of the gut microbiota in metabolism and its potential association with osteoporosis.Given the increasing interest in this area,a bibliometric ...Background:Over the past 15 years,research has emphasized the crucial role of the gut microbiota in metabolism and its potential association with osteoporosis.Given the increasing interest in this area,a bibliometric analysis is essential to comprehensively understand the field.Methods:Literature published between 2009 and 2023 was retrieved from the Web of Science.CiteSpace,a tool for visual analysis,was employed to examine various aspects of the research,including the annual number of publications,contributing institutions,journals,authors,keywords,clusters,hotspots,and emerging frontiers.Results:The analysis included 1,075 articles from 80 countries,283 institutions,and 155 authors,reflecting the rapid growth of research in this field.PEOPLES R CHINA emerged as the most productive country,while the University of California System was the most active institution.Parameswaran,Narayanan had the highest number of publications,and LI JY and OHLSSON C were the most cited authors.Key keywords such as“gut microbiota,”“bone loss,”“bone mineral density,”“inflammation,”and“health”were identified,and keywords with strong citation bursts like“in vitro,”“inflammatory bowel disease,”and“bone mineral density”indicated emerging trends.Conclusion:This bibliometric analysis successfully identified research trends and hotspots,including the fecal microbiome,musculoskeletal studies,and postmenopausal women.Continued research in these areas will enhance our understanding of osteoporosis and may lead to the development of new treatments.The findings offer valuable insights for scholars aiming to conduct in-depth research in this field.展开更多
Objective:To systematically investigate the research status,research hotspots,and developmental trends of robotic techniques in stroke rehabilitation through bibliometric and visualization analysis.Methods:Literature ...Objective:To systematically investigate the research status,research hotspots,and developmental trends of robotic techniques in stroke rehabilitation through bibliometric and visualization analysis.Methods:Literature published in the Web of Science from 2004 to 2024 were screened.VOSviewer,CiteSpace,R Software,Microsoft Office Excel 2021,and“bibliometric.com”were employed to conduct bibliometric analysis and network visualization.Results:A total of 3,704 documents were retrieved.Northwestern University was the most productive institution.Krebs Hermano Igo was the most prolific author.The Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation had the highest publication volume.The United States currently holds a leading position in various aspects,including the overall volume of publications,institutional contributions,author output,and funding support.Keywords such as“deep learning”“physical human-robot interaction”“wearable robotics”“mirror therapy”“telerehabilitation”“soft robotics”“augmented reality”“functional near-infrared spectroscopy,”and“impedance control”highlight the current research hotspots and frontiers.Conclusion:Rehabilitation robotics is a field with vigorous growth,progressively advancing toward intelligent,personalized,accessible,and efficient rehabilitation solutions with substantial future potential.展开更多
In order to gain insight into the current research status and development trend of problem-based learning(PBL)in colleges and universities,this study employs the bibliometric method to conduct statistical and analytic...In order to gain insight into the current research status and development trend of problem-based learning(PBL)in colleges and universities,this study employs the bibliometric method to conduct statistical and analytical studies based on the examination of journal papers and review papers within the Web of Science(WOS)database.The objective is to provide a reference point for research in related fields.The findings indicate a sustained expansion in PBL research output at universities,with the United States accounting for most documents in the field,while European research institutions such as Aalborg University and Maastricht University are at the forefront.Nevertheless,the density of collaborative networks between authors is relatively low,and cross-institutional and interdisciplinary collaboration still requires further strengthening.The majority of research results are published in academic journals such as Academic Medicine and the International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education.Presently,the focal point of PBL research in colleges and universities is undergoing a transition from a“single-discipline focus”to an“interdisciplinary integration.”This integration is profoundly intertwined with the nascent fields of modern educational technology and education for sustainable development,thereby offering a novel avenue for the advancement of pedagogical approaches and educational equity.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third-most prevalent cancer and the cancer with the second-highest mortality rate worldwide,representing a high public health burden.Deep learning(DL)offers advantages in the di...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third-most prevalent cancer and the cancer with the second-highest mortality rate worldwide,representing a high public health burden.Deep learning(DL)offers advantages in the diagnosis,identification,localization,classification and prognosis of CRC patients.However,few bibliometric analyses of research hotspots and trends in the field have been performed.AIM To use bibliometric approaches to analyze and visualize the current research state and development trend of DL in CRC as well as to anticipate future research directions and hotspots.METHODS Datasets were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection for the period January 2011 to December 2023.Scimago Graphica(1.0.45),VOSviewer(1.6.20)and CiteSpace(6.3.1)were used to analyze and visualize the nation,institution,journal,author,reference and keyword indicators.Origin(2022)was utilized for plotting,and Excel(2021)was used to construct the tables.RESULTS A total of 1275 publications in 538 journals from 74 countries and 2267 institutions were collected.The number of annual publications has increased over time.China(371,29.1%),the United States(265,20.8%)and Japan(155,12.2%)contributed significantly to the number of articles published,accounting for 62.1%of the total publications.The United States had the strongest ties to other nations.Sun Yat-sen University in China had the highest number of publications(32).The journal with the most publications was Scientific Reports(34,Q2),whereas Gastrointestinal Endoscopy had the most co-citations(1053,Q1).Kather JN,was the author with the most articles(12)and co-citations(287).The most frequently cited reference was Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition.Keywords were divided into six clusters,with“colorectal cancer”(12.34)having the highest outbreak intensity.CONCLUSION This study highlights the current status and most active directions of the use of DL in CRC.This approach has important applications in the identification,diagnosis,localization,classification and prognosis of the disease and will remain a central focus in the future.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the current status,hotspot and trend of mental health research in patients with chronic kidney disease at home and abroad.Methods:China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang,VIP,China Biology ...Objective:To analyze the current status,hotspot and trend of mental health research in patients with chronic kidney disease at home and abroad.Methods:China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang,VIP,China Biology Medicine database,PubMed,and Web of Science core collection database were used as search sources from January 2004 to December 2024,and CiteSpace software was used for visual analysis and knowledge mapping.Results:A total of 2059 Chinese and 1678 foreign literatures were included.The number of publications showed a fluctuating upward trend,but the collaboration among authors was relatively loose.Negative psychology,such as depression and anxiety,as well as the quality of life of chronic kidney disease patients,were the main research hotspots.Conclusion:In the future,it is necessary to enhance cooperation and communication among researchers,continue to explore the mechanism of mental health,optimize research designs,innovate psychological nursing intervention measures,and focus on improving the psychological resilience and social support levels of patients.展开更多
Applying the Public-Private Partnership(PPP)model is indispensable in creating new economic growth points in the public service sector.However,there is still a lack of research on mapping the application of the PPP mo...Applying the Public-Private Partnership(PPP)model is indispensable in creating new economic growth points in the public service sector.However,there is still a lack of research on mapping the application of the PPP model in the new era and context.Therefore,based on reviewing the characteristics and development concepts of the PPP model,this paper uses CiteSpace software to analyze the sample authors,journals,and regions in the Scopus database.This paper aims to explore the current development status,research paradigms,and research gap as well as future trends of the PPP model.The results show that(1)The focus of PPP research has shifted from traditional models such as Build-Operate-Transfer(BOT)and Private Finance Initiatives(PFI)to contemporary themes such as risk management,policy analysis,and project governance.Subsequent research(2014-2018)has emphasized the importance of governance and regulatory frameworks to improve PPP outcomes.(2)The growing academic interest in PPP development in China accounts for 28.78%of the total publications.This surge reflects China's rapid economic growth and highlights the interplay between government regulation and private financing.Key research themes include risk management,performance evaluation,contractual flexibility,and financing mechanisms,particularly concerning the BOT model.(3)Effective risk management,relationship dynamics,and innovative financing strategies are key components of a strong PPP knowledge framework.Collaborative risk sharing and strong relationships between public and private entities are key to project success,and strategic financing partnerships are necessary to cope with the complexity of large infrastructure projects.展开更多
Rehabilitation training is believed to be an effectual strategy that canreduce the risk of dysfunction caused by spasticity.However,achieving visualizationrehabilitation training for patients remains clinically challe...Rehabilitation training is believed to be an effectual strategy that canreduce the risk of dysfunction caused by spasticity.However,achieving visualizationrehabilitation training for patients remains clinically challenging.Herein,wepropose visual rehabilitation training system including iontronic meta-fabrics withskin-friendly and large matrix features,as well as high-resolution image modules fordistribution of human muscle tension.Attributed to the dynamic connection and dissociationof the meta-fabric,the fabric exhibits outstanding tactile sensing properties,such as wide tactile sensing range(0~300 kPa)and high-resolution tactile perception(50 Pa or 0.058%).Meanwhile,thanks to the differential capillary effect,the meta-fabric exhibits a“hitting three birds with one stone”property(dryness wearing experience,long working time and cooling sensing).Based on this,the fabrics can be integrated with garmentsand advanced data analysis systems to manufacture a series of large matrix structure(40×40,1600 sensing units)training devices.Significantly,the tunability of piezo-ionic dynamics of the meta-fabric and the programmability of high-resolution imaging modules allowthis visualization training strategy extendable to various common disease monitoring.Therefore,we believe that our study overcomes theconstraint of standard spasticity rehabilitation training devices in terms of visual display and paves the way for future smart healthcare.展开更多
Objective To determine the impact of planned preoperative phenazopyridine administration on operative times and costs compared with as-needed intravenous agent use during routine cystoscopy following minimally invasiv...Objective To determine the impact of planned preoperative phenazopyridine administration on operative times and costs compared with as-needed intravenous agent use during routine cystoscopy following minimally invasive hysterectomy for benign indications.Method This prospective cohort study examined patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic-assisted total or supracervical hysterectomy for benign indications between January 27,2023 and March 11,2024,with one of our minimally invasive gynecologic surgeons at Stony Brook University Hospital.Patients were assigned to the non-phenazopyridine group or the phenazopyridine group.The time needed to visualize the ureteral jets during cystoscopy and the total surgery duration were recorded.A cost analysis was then performed.Results In total,106 patients were included,with 53 patients in each group.Compared with the non-phenazopyridine group,the phenazopyridine group had significantly shorter times from the start of cystoscopy to visualization of the first ureteral jet(31 s vs.42 s,p<0.05).However,there were no significant differences observed for visualization of the second jet,total jet time,or surgery duration.Two patients in the non-phenazopyridine group required the administration of intravenous agents intraoperatively.Routine phenazopyridine was found to be more cost-efficient when medication costs and operative times were examined.Conclusion Routine phenazopyridine use does not significantly shorten overall cystoscopy times,but it is the more cost-efficient option given increased rates of costly intravenous medication use in the non-phenazopyridine group.展开更多
Various dispersion models have been developed to simulate the fate and transport of air emissions from animal housing systems to meet the increasing need for knowledge in this area. However, the accuracy of the models...Various dispersion models have been developed to simulate the fate and transport of air emissions from animal housing systems to meet the increasing need for knowledge in this area. However, the accuracy of the models may be challenged due to the unknown plume rise and plume shape. This paper reports a combination of theoretical and field study of the plum rise and shape of air flow from a ventilation fan commonly used in mechanically ventilated animal houses. The theoretical modeling of the plume shape was conducted using a commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) package named FloEFD;the field measurements of the plume field was conducted using five 3D ultrasonic anemometers to simultaneously measure the air flow in the plume at various locations (four heights and five downwind distances). The TECPLOT package was used to visualize the plume flow field based upon anemometer measurements. While the plume shapes were found to be left-shifted by the CFD model and TECPLOT visualization, the magnitudes of the 3D wind velocities from field measurement were found to be significantly larger than those from CFD model. The plume field measurements indicated that the plume of a 0.6 m (24-inch) ventilation fan had a depth about 9 m, a width about ±6 m, and a rise (lifting) beyond the highest measurement point, 4.88 m (16 ft).展开更多
文摘Visual signals, including changes in coloration and color patterns, are frequently used by animalsto convey information. During contests, body coloration and its changes can be used to assess anopponent＇s state or motivation. Communication of aggressive propensity is particularly importantin group-living animals with a stable dominance hierarchy, as the outcome of aggressive inter-actions determines the social rank of group members. Neolamprologus pulcher is a cooperativelybreeding cichlid showing frequent within-group aggression. Both sexes exhibit two vertical blackstripes on the operculum that vary naturally in shape and darkness. During frontal threat displaysthese patterns are actively exposed to the opponent, suggesting a signaling function. To investi-gate the role of operculum stripes during contests we manipulated their darkness in computeranimated pictures of the fish. We recorded the responses in behavior and stripe darkness of testsubjects to which these animated pictures were presented. Individuals with initially darker stripeswere more aggressive against the animations and showed more operculum threat displays.Operculum stripes of test subjects became darker after exposure to an animation exhibiting a paleoperculum than after exposure to a dark operculum animation, highlighting the role of the dark-ness of this color pattern in opponent assessment. We conclude that （i） the black stripes on theoperculum of N. pulcherare a reliable signal of aggression and dominance, （ii） these markings playan important role in opponent assessment, and （iii） 2D computer animations are well suited to elicitbiologically meaningful short-term aggressive responses in this widely used model system ofsocial evolution.
文摘Objective The study of medicine formulas is a core component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),yet traditional learning methods often lack interactivity and contextual understanding,making it challenging for beginners to grasp the intricate composition rules of formulas.To address this gap,we introduce Formula-S,a situated visualization method for TCM formula learning in augmented reality(AR)and evaluate its performance.This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Formula-S in enhancing TCM formula learning for beginners by comparing it with traditional text-based formula learning and web-based visualization.Methods Formula-S is an interactive AR tool designed for TCM formula learning,featuring three modes(3D,Web,and Table).The dataset included TCM formulas and herb properties extracted from authoritative references,including textbook and the SymMap database.In Formula-S,the hierarchical visualization of the formulas as herbal medicine compositions,is linked to the multidimensional herb attribute visualization and embedded in the real world,where real herb samples are presented.To evaluate its effectiveness,a controlled study(n=30)was conducted.Participants who had no formal TCM knowledge were tasked with herbal medicine identification,formula composition,and recognition.In the study,participants interacted with the AR tool through HoloLens 2.Data were collected on both task performance(accuracy and response time)and user experience,with a focus on task efficiency,accuracy,and user preference across the different learning modes.Results The situated visualization method of Formula-S had comparable accuracy to other methods but shorter response time for herbal formula learning tasks.Regarding user experience,our new approach demonstrated the highest system usability and lowest task load,effectively reducing cognitive load and allowing users to complete tasks with greater ease and efficiency.Participants reported that Formula-S enhanced their learning experience through its intuitive interface and immersive AR environment,suggesting this approach offers usability advantages for TCM education.Conclusions The situated visualization method in Formula-S offers more efficient and accurate searching capabilities compared to traditional and web-based methods.Additionally,it provides superior contextual understanding of TCM formulas,making it a promising new solution for TCM learning.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(Grant No.242300420297)awarded to Yi Sun.
文摘With the development of anti-virus technology,malicious documents have gradually become the main pathway of Advanced Persistent Threat(APT)attacks,therefore,the development of effective malicious document classifiers has become particularly urgent.Currently,detection methods based on document structure and behavioral features encounter challenges in feature engineering,these methods not only have limited accuracy,but also consume large resources,and usually can only detect documents in specific formats,which lacks versatility and adaptability.To address such problems,this paper proposes a novel malicious document detection method-visualizing documents as GGE images(Grayscale,Grayscale matrix,Entropy).The GGE method visualizes the original byte sequence of the malicious document as a grayscale image,the information entropy sequence of the document as an entropy image,and at the same time,the grayscale level co-occurrence matrix and the texture and spatial information stored in it are converted into grayscale matrix image,and fuses the three types of images to get the GGE color image.The Convolutional Block Attention Module-EfficientNet-B0(CBAM-EfficientNet-B0)model is then used for classification,combining transfer learning and applying the pre-trained model on the ImageNet dataset to the feature extraction process of GGE images.As shown in the experimental results,the GGE method has superior performance compared with other methods,which is suitable for detecting malicious documents in different formats,and achieves an accuracy of 99.44%and 97.39%on Portable Document Format(PDF)and office datasets,respectively,and consumes less time during the detection process,which can be effectively applied to the task of detecting malicious documents in real-time.
基金supported by the Teaching Reform Research Project of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(23Y083)the Project of National University Association for Mathematical Methods in Physics(JZW-23-SL-02)+3 种基金the Graduate Course Construction Project of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(KC2024Y03)the 2024 National Higher Education University Physics Reform Research Project(2024PR064)the Teaching Reform Research Project of the International Office of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(YB202410)Graduate Education and Teaching Reform Research Project of Shaanxi University of Science&Technology(JG2025Y18).
文摘With the development of educational digitalization,how to effectively apply digital animation technology to traditional classroom teaching has become an urgent problem to be solved.This study explores the application of Manim in the course of Mathematical Methods for Physics.Taking the visualization of Fourier series,complex numbers,and other content as examples,it improves students’understanding of complex and abstract mathematical physics concepts through dynamic and visual teaching methods.The teaching effect shows that Manim helps to enhance students’learning experience,improve teaching efficiency and effectiveness,and has a positive impact on students’active learning ability.The research in this paper can provide references and inspiration for the educational digitalization of higher education.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82105018 and No.81903950.
文摘BACKGROUND Epidemiological surveys indicate an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among children and adolescents worldwide.Due to rapid disease progression,severe long-term cardiorenal complications,a lack of effective treatment strategies,and substantial socioeconomic burdens,it has become an urgent public health issue that requires management and resolution.Adolescent T2DM differs from adult T2DM.Despite a significant increase in our understanding of youth-onset T2DM over the past two decades,the related review and evidence-based content remain limited.AIM To visualize the hotspots and trends in pediatric and adolescent T2DM research and to forecast their future research themes.METHODS This study utilized the terms“children”,“adolescents”,and“type 2 diabetes”,retrieving relevant articles published between 1983 and 2023 from three citation databases within the Web of Science Core Collection(SCI,SSCI,ESCI).Utilizing CiteSpace and VoSviewer software,we analyze and visually represent the annual output of literature,countries involved,and participating institutions.This allows us to predict trends in this research field.Our analysis encompasses co-cited authors,journal overlays,citation overlays,time-zone views,keyword analysis,and reference analysis,etc.RESULTS A total of 9210 articles were included,and the annual publication volume in this field showed a steady growth trend.The United States had the highest number of publications and the highest H-index.The United States also had the most research institutions and the strongest research capacity.The global hot journals were primarily diabetes professional journals but also included journals related to nutrition,endocrinology,and metabolism.Keyword analysis showed that research related to endothelial dysfunction,exposure risk,cardiac metabolic risk,changes in gut microbiota,the impact on comorbidities and outcomes,etc.,were emerging keywords.They have maintained their popularity in this field,suggesting that these areas have garnered significant research interest in recent years.CONCLUSION Pediatric and adolescent T2DM is increasingly drawing global attention,with genes,behaviors,environmental factors,and multisystemic interventions potentially emerging as future research hot spots.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Plan Project(2022YFB3304700)in part by the Xinliao Talent Program of Liaoning Province(XLYC2202002).
文摘As industrial production progresses toward digitalization,massive amounts of data have been collected,transmitted,and stored,with characteristics of large-scale,high-dimensional,heterogeneous,and spatiotemporal dynamics.The high complexity of industrial big data poses challenges for the practical decision-making of domain experts,leading to ever-increasing needs for integrating computational intelligence with human perception into traditional data analysis.Industrial big data visualization integrates theoretical methods and practical technologies from multiple disciplines,including data mining,information visualization,computer graphics,and human-computer interaction,providing a highly effective manner for understanding and exploring the complex industrial processes.This review summarizes the state-of-the-art approaches,characterizes them with six visualization methods,and categorizes them based on analytical tasks and applications.Furthermore,key research challenges and potential future directions are identified.
文摘The 15th China International Animation Copyright Fair concluded successfully at the ACTIF Center in Shipai Town,Dongguan City,also known as the'"Capital of Art Toys in China.n Over 600 Chinese and foreign enterprises and institutions participated in the event,which featured over 2,000 film and animation IPs from more than 40 countries and regions.
文摘While the field of animation studies has expanded in the past decades, scholarly attention paid to the world of animation has been limited to either major works or dominant theoretical approaches from the United States, Europe, and Japan. Among the few exceptions.
文摘Food Science of Animal Products(ISSN:2958-4124,e-ISSN:2958-3780)is a peer-reviewed,open access international journal that publishes the latest research findings in the field of animal-origin foods,involving food materials such as meat,aquatic products,milk,eggs,animal offals and edible insects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12175321,11975021,and 11675275)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA10010900)。
文摘The Taishan Antineutrino Observatory(TAO)is a satellite experiment of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory,located near the Taishan nuclear power plant(NPP).The TAO aims to measure the energy spectrum of reactor antineutrinos with unprecedented precision,which would benefit both reactor neutrino physics and the nuclear database.A detector geometry and event visualization system was developed for the TAO.The software was based on ROOT packages and embedded in the TAO offline software framework.This provided an intuitive tool for visualizing the detector geometry,tuning the reconstruction algorithm,understanding neutrino physics,and monitoring the operation of reactors at NPP.Further applications of the visualization system in the experimental operation of TAO and its future development are discussed.
文摘Objective:Based on the CNKI database,this study analyzes the current research status and hotspots of the Timing it Right(TIR)Theory in China,providing insights and references for its further development in the field of nursing.Methods:Using bibliometric methods and Citespace software,this study conducts a statistical and visual analysis of publications on TIR Theory from CNKI,focusing on annual publication volumes,author collaboration networks,high-frequency keywords,and emergent terms.Results:The study statistically analyzed the time distribution and research hotspots of 117 relevant papers.The annual publication volume shows a gradual upward trend,though the overall volume remains low.High-frequency keywords such as“family nursing,”“quality of life,”“acute myocardial infarction,”and“stroke”form the core research themes.Conclusion:Research on TIR Theory in China’s nursing field is still in the exploratory stage,and its attention and emphasis need to be enhanced.As it aligns with modern medical models,its application scope in nursing is expanding,promoting the high-quality,scientific,and diversified development of nursing services in China.
文摘Background:Over the past 15 years,research has emphasized the crucial role of the gut microbiota in metabolism and its potential association with osteoporosis.Given the increasing interest in this area,a bibliometric analysis is essential to comprehensively understand the field.Methods:Literature published between 2009 and 2023 was retrieved from the Web of Science.CiteSpace,a tool for visual analysis,was employed to examine various aspects of the research,including the annual number of publications,contributing institutions,journals,authors,keywords,clusters,hotspots,and emerging frontiers.Results:The analysis included 1,075 articles from 80 countries,283 institutions,and 155 authors,reflecting the rapid growth of research in this field.PEOPLES R CHINA emerged as the most productive country,while the University of California System was the most active institution.Parameswaran,Narayanan had the highest number of publications,and LI JY and OHLSSON C were the most cited authors.Key keywords such as“gut microbiota,”“bone loss,”“bone mineral density,”“inflammation,”and“health”were identified,and keywords with strong citation bursts like“in vitro,”“inflammatory bowel disease,”and“bone mineral density”indicated emerging trends.Conclusion:This bibliometric analysis successfully identified research trends and hotspots,including the fecal microbiome,musculoskeletal studies,and postmenopausal women.Continued research in these areas will enhance our understanding of osteoporosis and may lead to the development of new treatments.The findings offer valuable insights for scholars aiming to conduct in-depth research in this field.
文摘Objective:To systematically investigate the research status,research hotspots,and developmental trends of robotic techniques in stroke rehabilitation through bibliometric and visualization analysis.Methods:Literature published in the Web of Science from 2004 to 2024 were screened.VOSviewer,CiteSpace,R Software,Microsoft Office Excel 2021,and“bibliometric.com”were employed to conduct bibliometric analysis and network visualization.Results:A total of 3,704 documents were retrieved.Northwestern University was the most productive institution.Krebs Hermano Igo was the most prolific author.The Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation had the highest publication volume.The United States currently holds a leading position in various aspects,including the overall volume of publications,institutional contributions,author output,and funding support.Keywords such as“deep learning”“physical human-robot interaction”“wearable robotics”“mirror therapy”“telerehabilitation”“soft robotics”“augmented reality”“functional near-infrared spectroscopy,”and“impedance control”highlight the current research hotspots and frontiers.Conclusion:Rehabilitation robotics is a field with vigorous growth,progressively advancing toward intelligent,personalized,accessible,and efficient rehabilitation solutions with substantial future potential.
文摘In order to gain insight into the current research status and development trend of problem-based learning(PBL)in colleges and universities,this study employs the bibliometric method to conduct statistical and analytical studies based on the examination of journal papers and review papers within the Web of Science(WOS)database.The objective is to provide a reference point for research in related fields.The findings indicate a sustained expansion in PBL research output at universities,with the United States accounting for most documents in the field,while European research institutions such as Aalborg University and Maastricht University are at the forefront.Nevertheless,the density of collaborative networks between authors is relatively low,and cross-institutional and interdisciplinary collaboration still requires further strengthening.The majority of research results are published in academic journals such as Academic Medicine and the International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education.Presently,the focal point of PBL research in colleges and universities is undergoing a transition from a“single-discipline focus”to an“interdisciplinary integration.”This integration is profoundly intertwined with the nascent fields of modern educational technology and education for sustainable development,thereby offering a novel avenue for the advancement of pedagogical approaches and educational equity.
基金Supported by Science and Technology Project of Huzhou City,Zhejiang Province,No.2023GY33.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the third-most prevalent cancer and the cancer with the second-highest mortality rate worldwide,representing a high public health burden.Deep learning(DL)offers advantages in the diagnosis,identification,localization,classification and prognosis of CRC patients.However,few bibliometric analyses of research hotspots and trends in the field have been performed.AIM To use bibliometric approaches to analyze and visualize the current research state and development trend of DL in CRC as well as to anticipate future research directions and hotspots.METHODS Datasets were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection for the period January 2011 to December 2023.Scimago Graphica(1.0.45),VOSviewer(1.6.20)and CiteSpace(6.3.1)were used to analyze and visualize the nation,institution,journal,author,reference and keyword indicators.Origin(2022)was utilized for plotting,and Excel(2021)was used to construct the tables.RESULTS A total of 1275 publications in 538 journals from 74 countries and 2267 institutions were collected.The number of annual publications has increased over time.China(371,29.1%),the United States(265,20.8%)and Japan(155,12.2%)contributed significantly to the number of articles published,accounting for 62.1%of the total publications.The United States had the strongest ties to other nations.Sun Yat-sen University in China had the highest number of publications(32).The journal with the most publications was Scientific Reports(34,Q2),whereas Gastrointestinal Endoscopy had the most co-citations(1053,Q1).Kather JN,was the author with the most articles(12)and co-citations(287).The most frequently cited reference was Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition.Keywords were divided into six clusters,with“colorectal cancer”(12.34)having the highest outbreak intensity.CONCLUSION This study highlights the current status and most active directions of the use of DL in CRC.This approach has important applications in the identification,diagnosis,localization,classification and prognosis of the disease and will remain a central focus in the future.
基金Tianjin Medical Key Discipline Construction Project(Project No.:TJYXZDXK-071C)。
文摘Objective:To analyze the current status,hotspot and trend of mental health research in patients with chronic kidney disease at home and abroad.Methods:China National Knowledge Infrastructure,WanFang,VIP,China Biology Medicine database,PubMed,and Web of Science core collection database were used as search sources from January 2004 to December 2024,and CiteSpace software was used for visual analysis and knowledge mapping.Results:A total of 2059 Chinese and 1678 foreign literatures were included.The number of publications showed a fluctuating upward trend,but the collaboration among authors was relatively loose.Negative psychology,such as depression and anxiety,as well as the quality of life of chronic kidney disease patients,were the main research hotspots.Conclusion:In the future,it is necessary to enhance cooperation and communication among researchers,continue to explore the mechanism of mental health,optimize research designs,innovate psychological nursing intervention measures,and focus on improving the psychological resilience and social support levels of patients.
基金supported by the following projects:Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning Leading Group of Guangdong Province(Project No.GD21CGL31)Research Projects of Department of Education of Guangdong Province(Project No.2023WCXTD037).
文摘Applying the Public-Private Partnership(PPP)model is indispensable in creating new economic growth points in the public service sector.However,there is still a lack of research on mapping the application of the PPP model in the new era and context.Therefore,based on reviewing the characteristics and development concepts of the PPP model,this paper uses CiteSpace software to analyze the sample authors,journals,and regions in the Scopus database.This paper aims to explore the current development status,research paradigms,and research gap as well as future trends of the PPP model.The results show that(1)The focus of PPP research has shifted from traditional models such as Build-Operate-Transfer(BOT)and Private Finance Initiatives(PFI)to contemporary themes such as risk management,policy analysis,and project governance.Subsequent research(2014-2018)has emphasized the importance of governance and regulatory frameworks to improve PPP outcomes.(2)The growing academic interest in PPP development in China accounts for 28.78%of the total publications.This surge reflects China's rapid economic growth and highlights the interplay between government regulation and private financing.Key research themes include risk management,performance evaluation,contractual flexibility,and financing mechanisms,particularly concerning the BOT model.(3)Effective risk management,relationship dynamics,and innovative financing strategies are key components of a strong PPP knowledge framework.Collaborative risk sharing and strong relationships between public and private entities are key to project success,and strategic financing partnerships are necessary to cope with the complexity of large infrastructure projects.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFB3805800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(52473307,22208178,62301290)+9 种基金Taishan Scholar Program of Shandong Province in China(tsqn202211116)Shandong Provincial Universities Youth Innovation Technology Plan Team(2023KJ223)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(ZR2023YQ037,ZR2020QE074,ZR2023QE043,ZR2022QE174)Shandong Province Science and Technology Small and Medium sized Enterprise Innovation Ability Enhancement Project(2023TSGC0344,2023TSGC1006)Natural Science Foundation of Qingdao(23-2-1-249-zyyd-jch,24-4-4-zrjj-56-jch)Anhui Province Postdoctoral Researcher Research Activity Funding Project(2023B706)Qingdao Key Technology Research and Industrialization Demonstration Projects(23-1-7-zdfn-2-hz)Qingdao Shinan District Science and Technology Plan Project(2022-3-005-DZ)Suqian Key Research and Development Plan(H202310)Jinan City-School Integration Development Strategy Project for the Year 2023 under Grant(JNSX2023088).
文摘Rehabilitation training is believed to be an effectual strategy that canreduce the risk of dysfunction caused by spasticity.However,achieving visualizationrehabilitation training for patients remains clinically challenging.Herein,wepropose visual rehabilitation training system including iontronic meta-fabrics withskin-friendly and large matrix features,as well as high-resolution image modules fordistribution of human muscle tension.Attributed to the dynamic connection and dissociationof the meta-fabric,the fabric exhibits outstanding tactile sensing properties,such as wide tactile sensing range(0~300 kPa)and high-resolution tactile perception(50 Pa or 0.058%).Meanwhile,thanks to the differential capillary effect,the meta-fabric exhibits a“hitting three birds with one stone”property(dryness wearing experience,long working time and cooling sensing).Based on this,the fabrics can be integrated with garmentsand advanced data analysis systems to manufacture a series of large matrix structure(40×40,1600 sensing units)training devices.Significantly,the tunability of piezo-ionic dynamics of the meta-fabric and the programmability of high-resolution imaging modules allowthis visualization training strategy extendable to various common disease monitoring.Therefore,we believe that our study overcomes theconstraint of standard spasticity rehabilitation training devices in terms of visual display and paves the way for future smart healthcare.
文摘Objective To determine the impact of planned preoperative phenazopyridine administration on operative times and costs compared with as-needed intravenous agent use during routine cystoscopy following minimally invasive hysterectomy for benign indications.Method This prospective cohort study examined patients who underwent laparoscopic or robotic-assisted total or supracervical hysterectomy for benign indications between January 27,2023 and March 11,2024,with one of our minimally invasive gynecologic surgeons at Stony Brook University Hospital.Patients were assigned to the non-phenazopyridine group or the phenazopyridine group.The time needed to visualize the ureteral jets during cystoscopy and the total surgery duration were recorded.A cost analysis was then performed.Results In total,106 patients were included,with 53 patients in each group.Compared with the non-phenazopyridine group,the phenazopyridine group had significantly shorter times from the start of cystoscopy to visualization of the first ureteral jet(31 s vs.42 s,p<0.05).However,there were no significant differences observed for visualization of the second jet,total jet time,or surgery duration.Two patients in the non-phenazopyridine group required the administration of intravenous agents intraoperatively.Routine phenazopyridine was found to be more cost-efficient when medication costs and operative times were examined.Conclusion Routine phenazopyridine use does not significantly shorten overall cystoscopy times,but it is the more cost-efficient option given increased rates of costly intravenous medication use in the non-phenazopyridine group.
文摘Various dispersion models have been developed to simulate the fate and transport of air emissions from animal housing systems to meet the increasing need for knowledge in this area. However, the accuracy of the models may be challenged due to the unknown plume rise and plume shape. This paper reports a combination of theoretical and field study of the plum rise and shape of air flow from a ventilation fan commonly used in mechanically ventilated animal houses. The theoretical modeling of the plume shape was conducted using a commercial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) package named FloEFD;the field measurements of the plume field was conducted using five 3D ultrasonic anemometers to simultaneously measure the air flow in the plume at various locations (four heights and five downwind distances). The TECPLOT package was used to visualize the plume flow field based upon anemometer measurements. While the plume shapes were found to be left-shifted by the CFD model and TECPLOT visualization, the magnitudes of the 3D wind velocities from field measurement were found to be significantly larger than those from CFD model. The plume field measurements indicated that the plume of a 0.6 m (24-inch) ventilation fan had a depth about 9 m, a width about ±6 m, and a rise (lifting) beyond the highest measurement point, 4.88 m (16 ft).
