Recent studies describe a number of difficulties associated with attention deficit in children with reading disabilities. Information about visual-spatial attention mainly arises from studies using event-related poten...Recent studies describe a number of difficulties associated with attention deficit in children with reading disabilities. Information about visual-spatial attention mainly arises from studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) during Posner’s spatial cueing paradigm. This study aims to use neurofeedback with a special protocol for treating children with reading disabilities, and moreo-ver, to evaluate visual-spatial attention ability by means of Posner paradigm task and ERPs. The study was conducted in a single subject design in 20 sessions. Participants were 2 male children, aged between 10 - 12 years old, who completed twelve 30-min neurofeedback sessions. Repeated measurements were performed during the baseline, treatment, and post treatment phases. Results showed some improvement in Posner paradigm parameters (correct response, valid and invalid reaction times). Furthermore, grand average ERPs for both of the participants in each of the four conditions (Valid-right, Invalid-right, Valid-left and Invalid-left) were analyzed. The analysis of P3 component showed a reduction in latency, indicating an improvement in the timing of cognitive processes. In addition, the graphs showed a decrease in amplitude level, which meant easier processing than before.展开更多
Screening patients for psychotic features can pose a problem when using verbal based tests. Establishment of validity of non-verbal psychotic screening scale can enhance diagnostic specificity and address challenges a...Screening patients for psychotic features can pose a problem when using verbal based tests. Establishment of validity of non-verbal psychotic screening scale can enhance diagnostic specificity and address challenges associated with verbal based tests. The goal of this study is to check whether Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test-II will serve as a diagnostic specific tool for distinguishing between psychotic patients and healthy population. A total of 40 participants 22 males and 18 females were employed in the study. They were made of 10 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, another 10 with depressions associated with psychotic features, 10 with substance/medication induced disorders and 10 healthy adults as the control. Their ages ranged from 20 - 65 with a mean age of 35.70 and standard deviation of 6.04. The healthy control group was staff of the hospital that was comparable to the patients in terms of age, gender and studies. All participants available who met the inclusive criteria who were willing to participate were selected. The instruments were (BVMGT-II) and (WHODAS 2.0). The design of the study was between group designs and One Way ANOVA was employed for data analysis. The findings of the study showed that BVMGT-II discriminated between patients with psychotic disorder and healthy population. It is recommended that BVMGT-II should be employed as screening instrument by the clinical/neuropsychologists in clinical psychological assessment for distinguishing psychotic patients from healthy population.展开更多
Background:Visual-spatial neglect(VSN)is a neuropsychological syndrome,and right-hemisphere stroke is the most common cause.The pathogenetic mechanism of VSN remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the behavio...Background:Visual-spatial neglect(VSN)is a neuropsychological syndrome,and right-hemisphere stroke is the most common cause.The pathogenetic mechanism of VSN remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the behavioral and event-related potential(ERP)changes in patients with or without VSN after right-hemisphere stroke.Methods:Eleven patients with VSN with right-hemisphere stroke(VSN group)and 11 patients with non-VSN with righthemisphere stroke(non-VSN group)were recruited along with one control group of 11 age-and gender-matched healthy participants.The visual-spatial function was evaluated using behavioral tests,and ERP examinations were performed.Results:The response times in the VSN and non-VSN groups were both prolonged compared with those of normal controls(P<0.001).In response to either valid or invalid cues in the left side,the accuracy in the VSN group was lower than that in the non-VSN group(P<0.001),and the accuracy in the non-VSN group was lower than that in controls(P<0.05).The P1 latency in the VSN group was significantly longer than that in the control group(F[2,30]=5.494,P=0.009),and the N1 amplitude in the VSN group was significantly lower than that in the control group(F[2,30]=4.343,P=0.022).When responding to right targets,the lefthemisphere P300 amplitude in the VSN group was significantly lower than that in the control group(F[2,30]=4.255,P=0.025).With either left or right stimuli,the bilateral-hemisphere P300 latencies in the VSN and non-VSN groups were both significantly prolonged(all P<0.05),while the P300 latency did not differ significantly between the VSN and non-VSN groups(all P>0.05).Conclusions:Visual-spatial attention function is impaired after right-hemisphere stroke,and clinicians should be aware of the subclinical VSN.Our findings provide neuroelectrophysiological evidence for the lateralization of VSN.展开更多
【目的】绿化资源配置是城市公共空间优化的重要环节之一,对居民生活质量的提升有着积极的作用。城市街道绿化泛类结构(urban street greening general structure,USGGS)能够反映街道绿化在行人视觉环境中的整体特征,研究USGGS聚类对于...【目的】绿化资源配置是城市公共空间优化的重要环节之一,对居民生活质量的提升有着积极的作用。城市街道绿化泛类结构(urban street greening general structure,USGGS)能够反映街道绿化在行人视觉环境中的整体特征,研究USGGS聚类对于物质空间要素数量以及物质空间形态的改变,能够有效探究街道绿化对行人视觉感知水平的影响。【方法】采用百度街景数据,利用DeepLabV3+神经网络模型,对天津市市内六区街道的物质空间要素进行分割,使用ArcGIS软件对空间分布特征进行可视化处理,结合数理统计分析结果,探讨USGGS与行人视觉感知之间的关系。【结果】USGGS聚类呈现向心聚集型的空间分布特征,城市主干道及快速路的行人视觉感知空间分布特征较为同质化,空间异质化现象集中出现在街道断面狭窄的生活型街道以及商业型街道。不同聚类的USGGS不仅对行人视觉感知有不同程度的影响,也与场所属性以及绿化空间位置密切相关。【结论】提升城市街道环境质量需要考虑行人视觉感知水平。合理的USGGS配置以及适当的种植点位能够更好地适应周围场所的属性,促进城市公共空间与城市街道绿化的有机融合,助推城市更新工作的精细化管理,提升城市人居环境质量。展开更多
文摘Recent studies describe a number of difficulties associated with attention deficit in children with reading disabilities. Information about visual-spatial attention mainly arises from studies using event-related potentials (ERPs) during Posner’s spatial cueing paradigm. This study aims to use neurofeedback with a special protocol for treating children with reading disabilities, and moreo-ver, to evaluate visual-spatial attention ability by means of Posner paradigm task and ERPs. The study was conducted in a single subject design in 20 sessions. Participants were 2 male children, aged between 10 - 12 years old, who completed twelve 30-min neurofeedback sessions. Repeated measurements were performed during the baseline, treatment, and post treatment phases. Results showed some improvement in Posner paradigm parameters (correct response, valid and invalid reaction times). Furthermore, grand average ERPs for both of the participants in each of the four conditions (Valid-right, Invalid-right, Valid-left and Invalid-left) were analyzed. The analysis of P3 component showed a reduction in latency, indicating an improvement in the timing of cognitive processes. In addition, the graphs showed a decrease in amplitude level, which meant easier processing than before.
文摘Screening patients for psychotic features can pose a problem when using verbal based tests. Establishment of validity of non-verbal psychotic screening scale can enhance diagnostic specificity and address challenges associated with verbal based tests. The goal of this study is to check whether Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test-II will serve as a diagnostic specific tool for distinguishing between psychotic patients and healthy population. A total of 40 participants 22 males and 18 females were employed in the study. They were made of 10 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, another 10 with depressions associated with psychotic features, 10 with substance/medication induced disorders and 10 healthy adults as the control. Their ages ranged from 20 - 65 with a mean age of 35.70 and standard deviation of 6.04. The healthy control group was staff of the hospital that was comparable to the patients in terms of age, gender and studies. All participants available who met the inclusive criteria who were willing to participate were selected. The instruments were (BVMGT-II) and (WHODAS 2.0). The design of the study was between group designs and One Way ANOVA was employed for data analysis. The findings of the study showed that BVMGT-II discriminated between patients with psychotic disorder and healthy population. It is recommended that BVMGT-II should be employed as screening instrument by the clinical/neuropsychologists in clinical psychological assessment for distinguishing psychotic patients from healthy population.
文摘Background:Visual-spatial neglect(VSN)is a neuropsychological syndrome,and right-hemisphere stroke is the most common cause.The pathogenetic mechanism of VSN remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the behavioral and event-related potential(ERP)changes in patients with or without VSN after right-hemisphere stroke.Methods:Eleven patients with VSN with right-hemisphere stroke(VSN group)and 11 patients with non-VSN with righthemisphere stroke(non-VSN group)were recruited along with one control group of 11 age-and gender-matched healthy participants.The visual-spatial function was evaluated using behavioral tests,and ERP examinations were performed.Results:The response times in the VSN and non-VSN groups were both prolonged compared with those of normal controls(P<0.001).In response to either valid or invalid cues in the left side,the accuracy in the VSN group was lower than that in the non-VSN group(P<0.001),and the accuracy in the non-VSN group was lower than that in controls(P<0.05).The P1 latency in the VSN group was significantly longer than that in the control group(F[2,30]=5.494,P=0.009),and the N1 amplitude in the VSN group was significantly lower than that in the control group(F[2,30]=4.343,P=0.022).When responding to right targets,the lefthemisphere P300 amplitude in the VSN group was significantly lower than that in the control group(F[2,30]=4.255,P=0.025).With either left or right stimuli,the bilateral-hemisphere P300 latencies in the VSN and non-VSN groups were both significantly prolonged(all P<0.05),while the P300 latency did not differ significantly between the VSN and non-VSN groups(all P>0.05).Conclusions:Visual-spatial attention function is impaired after right-hemisphere stroke,and clinicians should be aware of the subclinical VSN.Our findings provide neuroelectrophysiological evidence for the lateralization of VSN.
文摘【目的】绿化资源配置是城市公共空间优化的重要环节之一,对居民生活质量的提升有着积极的作用。城市街道绿化泛类结构(urban street greening general structure,USGGS)能够反映街道绿化在行人视觉环境中的整体特征,研究USGGS聚类对于物质空间要素数量以及物质空间形态的改变,能够有效探究街道绿化对行人视觉感知水平的影响。【方法】采用百度街景数据,利用DeepLabV3+神经网络模型,对天津市市内六区街道的物质空间要素进行分割,使用ArcGIS软件对空间分布特征进行可视化处理,结合数理统计分析结果,探讨USGGS与行人视觉感知之间的关系。【结果】USGGS聚类呈现向心聚集型的空间分布特征,城市主干道及快速路的行人视觉感知空间分布特征较为同质化,空间异质化现象集中出现在街道断面狭窄的生活型街道以及商业型街道。不同聚类的USGGS不仅对行人视觉感知有不同程度的影响,也与场所属性以及绿化空间位置密切相关。【结论】提升城市街道环境质量需要考虑行人视觉感知水平。合理的USGGS配置以及适当的种植点位能够更好地适应周围场所的属性,促进城市公共空间与城市街道绿化的有机融合,助推城市更新工作的精细化管理,提升城市人居环境质量。
