According to the morphological structure characteristics of plants, the de- velopment mode for component-based virtual plants software was put forward, and the internal structure of plant organs component under this m...According to the morphological structure characteristics of plants, the de- velopment mode for component-based virtual plants software was put forward, and the internal structure of plant organs component under this mode were analyzed, thereby, the overall design mode for virtual plants software was given out, and its characteristics were estimated. Compared with traditional development modes of virtual plants software, component-based virtual plants software had significant advantages in code reusing, development efficiency and expansion of software functions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints...BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints,and patient safety concerns have constrained its practicality.Simulation-based training has become a reliable,safe,and cost-efficient alternative.Dry lab techniques,especially virtual and augmented reality,make up 78%of current dry lab research,whereas wet labs still set the standard for anatomical realism.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness,limitations,and future directions of wet and dry lab simulation in orthopaedic training.METHODS A scoping review was carried out across four databases-PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and EBSCOhost-up to 2025.Medical Subject Headings included:"Orthopaedic Education","Wet Lab","Dry Lab","Simulation Training","Virtual Reality",and"Surgical Procedure".Eligible studies focused on orthopaedic or spinal surgical education,employed wet or dry lab techniques,and assessed training effectiveness.Exclusion criteria consisted of non-English publications,abstracts only,non-orthopaedic research,and studies unrelated to simulation.Two reviewers independently screened titles,abstracts,and full texts,resolving discrepancies with a third reviewer.RESULTS From 1851 records,101 studies met inclusion:78 on dry labs,7 on wet labs,4 on both.Virtual reality(VR)simulations were most common,with AI increasingly used for feedback and assessment.Cadaveric training remains the gold standard for accuracy and tactile feedback,while dry labs-especially VR-offer scalability,lower cost(40%-60%savings in five studies),and accessibility for novices.Senior residents prefer wet labs for complex tasks;juniors favour dry labs for basics.Challenges include limited transferability data,lack of standard outcome metrics,and ethical concerns about cadaver use and AI assessment.CONCLUSION Wet and dry labs each have unique strengths in orthopaedic training.A hybrid approach combining both,supported by standardised assessments and outcome studies,is most effective.Future efforts should aim for uniform reporting,integrating new technologies,and policy support for hybrid curricula to enhance skills and patient care.展开更多
Aiming at the issues of poor scalability,single training modes,and missing platform foundation in current parachute training simulation systems,a method for a parachute training simulation system supporting the"1...Aiming at the issues of poor scalability,single training modes,and missing platform foundation in current parachute training simulation systems,a method for a parachute training simulation system supporting the"1+N+N"mode is proposed by building a flexible functional structure design based on four domains and two systems architecture,which can adapt to multiple working modes such as"1+N"and"1+N(*)".This method can effectively save the cost and time of upgrading and expanding system capacity,greatly increasing the lifespan and availability of the system.展开更多
我国城市轨道交通业务逐步向云平台集中,对网络时延、可靠性和资源调度能力提出了更高要求,而传统网络架构在多业务并发和高负载场景下的灵活性不足,故障恢复时间较长。针对该问题,将软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)技术引...我国城市轨道交通业务逐步向云平台集中,对网络时延、可靠性和资源调度能力提出了更高要求,而传统网络架构在多业务并发和高负载场景下的灵活性不足,故障恢复时间较长。针对该问题,将软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)技术引入城市轨道交通中心云,构建基于Spine-Leaf拓扑的SDN网络架构,并结合OpenFlow流表控制与虚拟扩展局域网(Virtual Extensible Local Area Network,VXLAN)实现网络统一调度。研究结果表明,相较于传统网络架构,SDN技术能够有效提升城市轨道交通云平台的网络性能和运维效率,为轨道交通智能化发展提供有力支撑。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61062007)the Principal Fund Project of Tarim University,China(TDZKSS201115)~~
文摘According to the morphological structure characteristics of plants, the de- velopment mode for component-based virtual plants software was put forward, and the internal structure of plant organs component under this mode were analyzed, thereby, the overall design mode for virtual plants software was given out, and its characteristics were estimated. Compared with traditional development modes of virtual plants software, component-based virtual plants software had significant advantages in code reusing, development efficiency and expansion of software functions.
文摘BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints,and patient safety concerns have constrained its practicality.Simulation-based training has become a reliable,safe,and cost-efficient alternative.Dry lab techniques,especially virtual and augmented reality,make up 78%of current dry lab research,whereas wet labs still set the standard for anatomical realism.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness,limitations,and future directions of wet and dry lab simulation in orthopaedic training.METHODS A scoping review was carried out across four databases-PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and EBSCOhost-up to 2025.Medical Subject Headings included:"Orthopaedic Education","Wet Lab","Dry Lab","Simulation Training","Virtual Reality",and"Surgical Procedure".Eligible studies focused on orthopaedic or spinal surgical education,employed wet or dry lab techniques,and assessed training effectiveness.Exclusion criteria consisted of non-English publications,abstracts only,non-orthopaedic research,and studies unrelated to simulation.Two reviewers independently screened titles,abstracts,and full texts,resolving discrepancies with a third reviewer.RESULTS From 1851 records,101 studies met inclusion:78 on dry labs,7 on wet labs,4 on both.Virtual reality(VR)simulations were most common,with AI increasingly used for feedback and assessment.Cadaveric training remains the gold standard for accuracy and tactile feedback,while dry labs-especially VR-offer scalability,lower cost(40%-60%savings in five studies),and accessibility for novices.Senior residents prefer wet labs for complex tasks;juniors favour dry labs for basics.Challenges include limited transferability data,lack of standard outcome metrics,and ethical concerns about cadaver use and AI assessment.CONCLUSION Wet and dry labs each have unique strengths in orthopaedic training.A hybrid approach combining both,supported by standardised assessments and outcome studies,is most effective.Future efforts should aim for uniform reporting,integrating new technologies,and policy support for hybrid curricula to enhance skills and patient care.
文摘Aiming at the issues of poor scalability,single training modes,and missing platform foundation in current parachute training simulation systems,a method for a parachute training simulation system supporting the"1+N+N"mode is proposed by building a flexible functional structure design based on four domains and two systems architecture,which can adapt to multiple working modes such as"1+N"and"1+N(*)".This method can effectively save the cost and time of upgrading and expanding system capacity,greatly increasing the lifespan and availability of the system.
文摘我国城市轨道交通业务逐步向云平台集中,对网络时延、可靠性和资源调度能力提出了更高要求,而传统网络架构在多业务并发和高负载场景下的灵活性不足,故障恢复时间较长。针对该问题,将软件定义网络(Software Defined Network,SDN)技术引入城市轨道交通中心云,构建基于Spine-Leaf拓扑的SDN网络架构,并结合OpenFlow流表控制与虚拟扩展局域网(Virtual Extensible Local Area Network,VXLAN)实现网络统一调度。研究结果表明,相较于传统网络架构,SDN技术能够有效提升城市轨道交通云平台的网络性能和运维效率,为轨道交通智能化发展提供有力支撑。
