Technological trends in the automotive industry toward a software-defined and autonomous vehicle require a reassessment of today’s vehicle development process.The validation process soaringly shapes after starting wi...Technological trends in the automotive industry toward a software-defined and autonomous vehicle require a reassessment of today’s vehicle development process.The validation process soaringly shapes after starting with hardware-in-the-loop testing of control units and reproducing real-world maneuvers and physical interaction chains.Here,the road-to-rig approach offers a vast potential to reduce validation time and costs significantly.The present research study investigates the maneuver reproduction of drivability phenomena at a powertrain test bed.Although drivability phenomena occur in the frequency range of most up to 30∙Hz,the design and characteristics substantially impact the test setup’s validity.By utilization of modal analysis,the influence of the test bed on the mechanical characteristic is shown.Furthermore,the sensitivity of the natural modes of each component,from either specimen or test bed site,is determined.In contrast,the uncertainty of the deployed measurement equipment also affects the validity.Instead of an accuracy class indication,we apply the ISO/IEC Guide 98 to the measurement equipment and the test bed setup to increase the fidelity of the validation task.In conclusion,the present paper contributes to a traceable validity determination of the road-to-rig approach by providing objective metrics and methods.展开更多
Objective To assess the face and construct validity of a full procedural transurethral prostate resection simulator ( TURPSimTM ) in training of transurethral resection of prostate. Methods Ten experienced and thirtee...Objective To assess the face and construct validity of a full procedural transurethral prostate resection simulator ( TURPSimTM ) in training of transurethral resection of prostate. Methods Ten experienced and thirteen inexperienced urologists ( TURP experience ≥ 30 and展开更多
The present study compared an immersive virtual reality-based attentional bias modification(immersive VR-ABM)with the desktop version of the VR-ABM and an immersive virtual reality-based game(immersive VR-game)to exam...The present study compared an immersive virtual reality-based attentional bias modification(immersive VR-ABM)with the desktop version of the VR-ABM and an immersive virtual reality-based game(immersive VR-game)to examine the possible effect of the immersive presence on self-reported emotional reactions to a stressful task.One hundred and twenty participants were randomly assigned into three groups,and each group received a three-turn induction–intervention training.Anxiety symptoms were assessed at pre-induction,post-induction,and post-training.Results showed that virtual reality-based anxiety was induced and alleviated successfully in all three groups,but only the immersive VR-ABM group showed an accumulated effect on self-reported anxiety across sessions.The attentional bias based on probe latencies indicated no significant change in either the immersive or desktop VR-ABM groups.The present findings support the hypothesized VR-ABM's effect on self-reported anxiety at the immersive presence.The practical implications of using immersive VR-ABM are discussedThe present study compared an immersive virtual reality-based attentional bias modification(immersive VR-ABM) with the desktop version of the VR-ABM and an immersivevirtual reality-based game (immersive VR-game) to examine the possible effect of theimmersive presence on self-reported emotional reactions to a stressful task. One hundredand twenty participants were randomly assigned into three groups, and each groupreceived a three-turn induction–intervention training. Anxiety symptoms were assessed atpre-induction, post-induction, and post-training. Results showed that virtual reality-basedanxiety was induced and alleviated successfully in all three groups, but only the immersiveVR-ABM group showed an accumulated effect on self-reported anxiety across sessions.The attentional bias based on probe latencies indicated no significant change in either theimmersive or desktop VR-ABM groups. The present findings support the hypothesizedVR-ABM’s effect on self-reported anxiety at the immersive presence. The practical implicationsof using immersive VR-ABM are discussed for obtaining ecological validity.展开更多
文摘Technological trends in the automotive industry toward a software-defined and autonomous vehicle require a reassessment of today’s vehicle development process.The validation process soaringly shapes after starting with hardware-in-the-loop testing of control units and reproducing real-world maneuvers and physical interaction chains.Here,the road-to-rig approach offers a vast potential to reduce validation time and costs significantly.The present research study investigates the maneuver reproduction of drivability phenomena at a powertrain test bed.Although drivability phenomena occur in the frequency range of most up to 30∙Hz,the design and characteristics substantially impact the test setup’s validity.By utilization of modal analysis,the influence of the test bed on the mechanical characteristic is shown.Furthermore,the sensitivity of the natural modes of each component,from either specimen or test bed site,is determined.In contrast,the uncertainty of the deployed measurement equipment also affects the validity.Instead of an accuracy class indication,we apply the ISO/IEC Guide 98 to the measurement equipment and the test bed setup to increase the fidelity of the validation task.In conclusion,the present paper contributes to a traceable validity determination of the road-to-rig approach by providing objective metrics and methods.
文摘Objective To assess the face and construct validity of a full procedural transurethral prostate resection simulator ( TURPSimTM ) in training of transurethral resection of prostate. Methods Ten experienced and thirteen inexperienced urologists ( TURP experience ≥ 30 and
文摘The present study compared an immersive virtual reality-based attentional bias modification(immersive VR-ABM)with the desktop version of the VR-ABM and an immersive virtual reality-based game(immersive VR-game)to examine the possible effect of the immersive presence on self-reported emotional reactions to a stressful task.One hundred and twenty participants were randomly assigned into three groups,and each group received a three-turn induction–intervention training.Anxiety symptoms were assessed at pre-induction,post-induction,and post-training.Results showed that virtual reality-based anxiety was induced and alleviated successfully in all three groups,but only the immersive VR-ABM group showed an accumulated effect on self-reported anxiety across sessions.The attentional bias based on probe latencies indicated no significant change in either the immersive or desktop VR-ABM groups.The present findings support the hypothesized VR-ABM's effect on self-reported anxiety at the immersive presence.The practical implications of using immersive VR-ABM are discussedThe present study compared an immersive virtual reality-based attentional bias modification(immersive VR-ABM) with the desktop version of the VR-ABM and an immersivevirtual reality-based game (immersive VR-game) to examine the possible effect of theimmersive presence on self-reported emotional reactions to a stressful task. One hundredand twenty participants were randomly assigned into three groups, and each groupreceived a three-turn induction–intervention training. Anxiety symptoms were assessed atpre-induction, post-induction, and post-training. Results showed that virtual reality-basedanxiety was induced and alleviated successfully in all three groups, but only the immersiveVR-ABM group showed an accumulated effect on self-reported anxiety across sessions.The attentional bias based on probe latencies indicated no significant change in either theimmersive or desktop VR-ABM groups. The present findings support the hypothesizedVR-ABM’s effect on self-reported anxiety at the immersive presence. The practical implicationsof using immersive VR-ABM are discussed for obtaining ecological validity.
