Kieran Dolin is Senior Honorary Research Fellow in English and Literary Studies at the University of Western Australia.He is one of the acclaimed critics of Victorian literary-legal studies and has published widely in...Kieran Dolin is Senior Honorary Research Fellow in English and Literary Studies at the University of Western Australia.He is one of the acclaimed critics of Victorian literary-legal studies and has published widely in this field.During her visit to the University of Western Australia,Wu Sufen conducted an interview with Dolin on such topics as the legal centralism in the Law and Literature movement,the potential of such movement,and Chinese scholars’questions and concerns about this movement,together with the uniqueness of Victorian literary-legal studies.Dolin emphasizes that literature and law are both components of social and cultural practice,so studies on the relations between law and literature can not only reveal social concerns reflected in literary works,but also present the historical development of law and the accordingly shifting narrative patterns that literary works have undergone.展开更多
The gasification kinetic modelling of two Victorian brown coal(Yallourn and Maddingley)chars and the validity for entrained flow gasification were investigated in this study.The study was conducted in a thermogravimet...The gasification kinetic modelling of two Victorian brown coal(Yallourn and Maddingley)chars and the validity for entrained flow gasification were investigated in this study.The study was conducted in a thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA)at 750–1100℃,30%–90%CO_(2)concentration using different char particle sizes within 20–106 mm.It was found that random pore model and modified volumetric model are applicable for TGA results,but volumetric model and grain model are not.The effect of particle size under106 mm on gasification rate is very limited.Activation energies of Maddingley char and Yallourn char in CO_(2)gasification are 219–220 and 197–208 k J/mol,respectively.The pre-exponential factors are in the same order of magnitude,and they increased as particle size decreased.A mathematical model was developed to predict carbon conversion over time for entrained flow gasification of Victorian brown coal chars at 1000–1400℃.展开更多
In Victorian Age, many literary works recorded the social realities and traditional social value system, and Oscar Wilde's The Importance of Being Earnest is a good case in point. In this play, males are valued in...In Victorian Age, many literary works recorded the social realities and traditional social value system, and Oscar Wilde's The Importance of Being Earnest is a good case in point. In this play, males are valued in terms of both birth condition and economic basis, which are two general standards from the traditional value system of the mainstream society. Oscar Wilde in this play satirizes the restrained and distorted traditional values and the hypocritical Victorian society. This paper will probe into how the social status and economic conditions determine males' fate in Victorian Age and on Oscar Wilde's creation.展开更多
George Bernard Shaw is one of the prominent playwrights in the world. His masterpiece Mrs. Warren＇ s Profession has an important effect on the world. This play is so influential that it injects a new thing into the b...George Bernard Shaw is one of the prominent playwrights in the world. His masterpiece Mrs. Warren＇ s Profession has an important effect on the world. This play is so influential that it injects a new thing into the black society. This play also inspires women to stand up to fight against the old power. Only by describing the suffering of Warren and Vivie can the writer expose the social root forming the brothel in the capital society. It also shows Shaw is critical and sympathetic towards women in the society. This work has been studied in different aspects by scholars. Based on women in Victorian Society, this paper mainly discusses the main characters Warren and Vivie Warren to form a distinctive contrast between submissive woman and new woman. Warren and Vivie serve an example to illustrate the features of Victorian women. War Warren, a symbol of the submissive woman who runs brothel, submits to the reality and makes a living by doing exploiting, while as a new woman and a positive figure, Vivie is brave enough to break away from all the traditional bondage and pursues a new life after knowing that her mother has been doing this kind of work. All the differences in the character lead to the break-up between the two.展开更多
AIM To translate the Victorian Institute of Sports AssessmentAchilles(VISA-A) questionnaire into the Dutch language(VISA-A-NL), and to assess its reliability, validity, and applicability to non-athletes.METHODS After ...AIM To translate the Victorian Institute of Sports AssessmentAchilles(VISA-A) questionnaire into the Dutch language(VISA-A-NL), and to assess its reliability, validity, and applicability to non-athletes.METHODS After translation according to a forward-backward protocol, 101 patients with complaints of Achilles tendinopathy were asked to fill out the VISA-A-NL at two time points together with visual analogue scale, the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score, and the Short Form-36 questionnaires. Reliability, internal consistency, construct validity, and content validity were tested.RESULTS The VISA-A-NL showed high reliability(0.97, 95%CI: 0.95-0.98). Cronbach's alpha(internal consistency) was 0.80. It increased to 0.88 without activity domain. Correlation with other questionnaires was moderate or poorer.CONCLUSION The VISA-A-NL proved to be an excellent evaluation instrument for the Dutch physician. If applied to nonathletes, using a modified score(questions 1-6) should be considered.展开更多
In order to minimise the bushfires negative impacts on society, an efficient andreliable bushfire detection system was proposed to assess the devastated effects of the2009 Victorian bushfires.It is possible to utilise...In order to minimise the bushfires negative impacts on society, an efficient andreliable bushfire detection system was proposed to assess the devastated effects of the2009 Victorian bushfires.It is possible to utilise the repetitive capability of satellite remotesensing imagery to identify the location of change to the Earth's surface and integrate thedifferent remotely sensed indices.The results confirm that the procedure can offer essentialspatial information for bushfire assessment.展开更多
This paper is intended to explore the social values reflected in Mrs. Gaskell’s novels in terms of her way of portraying her characters, and at the same time, to study the reason and mentality behind it so as to have...This paper is intended to explore the social values reflected in Mrs. Gaskell’s novels in terms of her way of portraying her characters, and at the same time, to study the reason and mentality behind it so as to have a better understanding of her works and her progressive ideas, and form a fresh judgement about the artistic value of her novels.展开更多
The aim of this paper is the analysis of the supernatural elements in Kipling＇s ＂The Mark on The Beast＂ （1890） Conan Doyle＇s ＂Lot No. 249＂ （1892）, and Wells＇ ＂The Truth about Peycraft＂ （1903） conceived ...The aim of this paper is the analysis of the supernatural elements in Kipling＇s ＂The Mark on The Beast＂ （1890） Conan Doyle＇s ＂Lot No. 249＂ （1892）, and Wells＇ ＂The Truth about Peycraft＂ （1903） conceived of as the expression of the revitalisation of the Gothic imagery which, through the short story, serve to voice and exorcise late Victorian crisis, de-Constructing late Victorian identity. First, the complex nature of late Victorian Britain crisis will be deepened. Second, the short story will be focused on as an independent genre from the novel which mostly epitomized Fin de Si6cle literary fantastic discourse. Finally, the short stories will be investigated as textual examples of what Brantlinger （1988） defined as Imperial Gothic, instrumental in voicing and exorcising the pressures of late Victorian crisis展开更多
Before the Victorian era,it was rare for women to be authors and writers to fix the protagonists of their works as female characters.However,in the 19^(th)century,there was a rapid increase of women writers and emphas...Before the Victorian era,it was rare for women to be authors and writers to fix the protagonists of their works as female characters.However,in the 19^(th)century,there was a rapid increase of women writers and emphasis on feminist consciousness.Among all the works of women writers,Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights which were written by the Bronte sisters were distinctive.The Bronte sisters conveyed their feminist consciousness and described the society in their works.Both works emphasized romantic relationships as the narrative thread.By shaping the female characters in their works as self-reliant women who fought for equivalence and freedom in the era where male chauvinism occupied leadership roles,the Bronte sisters conveyed their eagerness for freedom,equality,and their feminist consciousness.This paper combines features of the Victorian era and the Bronte sisters’life experiences to analyze feminist consciousness in these two works and make comparisons between them.展开更多
In the novel The French Lieutenant's Woman,the two major female role--Ernestina and Sarah,can be the representative images of Victorian women. Sarah's speech and behaviors reveal the spirit of emancipation and...In the novel The French Lieutenant's Woman,the two major female role--Ernestina and Sarah,can be the representative images of Victorian women. Sarah's speech and behaviors reveal the spirit of emancipation and freedom,while Ernestina is the conservative and depressed women in that period. Through the analysis of them,the social values of Victorian period are presented clearly. This also reflects John Fowles'attitude towards women.展开更多
In Mrs.Gaskell’s Wives and Daughters,she successfully depicted the male character,Mr.Gibson,leaving the world a model man who is sensible,loving,honest,responsible,observant,intelligent,generous,kind-hearted and full...In Mrs.Gaskell’s Wives and Daughters,she successfully depicted the male character,Mr.Gibson,leaving the world a model man who is sensible,loving,honest,responsible,observant,intelligent,generous,kind-hearted and full of self-esteem,a model Victorian gentleman.展开更多
尽管从方法运用角度对文史文本深度翻译的探讨已经相当丰富,但在实施深度翻译方法之前,确立指导原则的重要性仍然不容忽视。这些原则为文史文本深度翻译实践提供了指导和规范,确保了深度翻译的准确性和一致性,并具有更广泛的适用性。在...尽管从方法运用角度对文史文本深度翻译的探讨已经相当丰富,但在实施深度翻译方法之前,确立指导原则的重要性仍然不容忽视。这些原则为文史文本深度翻译实践提供了指导和规范,确保了深度翻译的准确性和一致性,并具有更广泛的适用性。在翻译威尔森的英国通俗史畅销书《后维多利亚时代人》(After the Victorians)中,笔者较多地运用了阿皮亚最早提出的深度翻译方法,采用的具体分类是曹明伦提出的显性深度翻译和隐性深度翻译。本文将对曹明伦重新归纳出的显性深度翻译与隐性深度翻译的方法做一简要介绍,包括隐性深度翻译的提出过程,然后重点结合笔者翻译《后维多利亚时代人》的实践,讨论一般史学著作深度翻译应遵循的原则。在讨论中,本文将涵盖上述两种深度翻译方法的操作与例析。展开更多
文摘Kieran Dolin is Senior Honorary Research Fellow in English and Literary Studies at the University of Western Australia.He is one of the acclaimed critics of Victorian literary-legal studies and has published widely in this field.During her visit to the University of Western Australia,Wu Sufen conducted an interview with Dolin on such topics as the legal centralism in the Law and Literature movement,the potential of such movement,and Chinese scholars’questions and concerns about this movement,together with the uniqueness of Victorian literary-legal studies.Dolin emphasizes that literature and law are both components of social and cultural practice,so studies on the relations between law and literature can not only reveal social concerns reflected in literary works,but also present the historical development of law and the accordingly shifting narrative patterns that literary works have undergone.
文摘The gasification kinetic modelling of two Victorian brown coal(Yallourn and Maddingley)chars and the validity for entrained flow gasification were investigated in this study.The study was conducted in a thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA)at 750–1100℃,30%–90%CO_(2)concentration using different char particle sizes within 20–106 mm.It was found that random pore model and modified volumetric model are applicable for TGA results,but volumetric model and grain model are not.The effect of particle size under106 mm on gasification rate is very limited.Activation energies of Maddingley char and Yallourn char in CO_(2)gasification are 219–220 and 197–208 k J/mol,respectively.The pre-exponential factors are in the same order of magnitude,and they increased as particle size decreased.A mathematical model was developed to predict carbon conversion over time for entrained flow gasification of Victorian brown coal chars at 1000–1400℃.
文摘In Victorian Age, many literary works recorded the social realities and traditional social value system, and Oscar Wilde's The Importance of Being Earnest is a good case in point. In this play, males are valued in terms of both birth condition and economic basis, which are two general standards from the traditional value system of the mainstream society. Oscar Wilde in this play satirizes the restrained and distorted traditional values and the hypocritical Victorian society. This paper will probe into how the social status and economic conditions determine males' fate in Victorian Age and on Oscar Wilde's creation.
文摘George Bernard Shaw is one of the prominent playwrights in the world. His masterpiece Mrs. Warren＇ s Profession has an important effect on the world. This play is so influential that it injects a new thing into the black society. This play also inspires women to stand up to fight against the old power. Only by describing the suffering of Warren and Vivie can the writer expose the social root forming the brothel in the capital society. It also shows Shaw is critical and sympathetic towards women in the society. This work has been studied in different aspects by scholars. Based on women in Victorian Society, this paper mainly discusses the main characters Warren and Vivie Warren to form a distinctive contrast between submissive woman and new woman. Warren and Vivie serve an example to illustrate the features of Victorian women. War Warren, a symbol of the submissive woman who runs brothel, submits to the reality and makes a living by doing exploiting, while as a new woman and a positive figure, Vivie is brave enough to break away from all the traditional bondage and pursues a new life after knowing that her mother has been doing this kind of work. All the differences in the character lead to the break-up between the two.
文摘AIM To translate the Victorian Institute of Sports AssessmentAchilles(VISA-A) questionnaire into the Dutch language(VISA-A-NL), and to assess its reliability, validity, and applicability to non-athletes.METHODS After translation according to a forward-backward protocol, 101 patients with complaints of Achilles tendinopathy were asked to fill out the VISA-A-NL at two time points together with visual analogue scale, the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score, and the Short Form-36 questionnaires. Reliability, internal consistency, construct validity, and content validity were tested.RESULTS The VISA-A-NL showed high reliability(0.97, 95%CI: 0.95-0.98). Cronbach's alpha(internal consistency) was 0.80. It increased to 0.88 without activity domain. Correlation with other questionnaires was moderate or poorer.CONCLUSION The VISA-A-NL proved to be an excellent evaluation instrument for the Dutch physician. If applied to nonathletes, using a modified score(questions 1-6) should be considered.
文摘In order to minimise the bushfires negative impacts on society, an efficient andreliable bushfire detection system was proposed to assess the devastated effects of the2009 Victorian bushfires.It is possible to utilise the repetitive capability of satellite remotesensing imagery to identify the location of change to the Earth's surface and integrate thedifferent remotely sensed indices.The results confirm that the procedure can offer essentialspatial information for bushfire assessment.
文摘This paper is intended to explore the social values reflected in Mrs. Gaskell’s novels in terms of her way of portraying her characters, and at the same time, to study the reason and mentality behind it so as to have a better understanding of her works and her progressive ideas, and form a fresh judgement about the artistic value of her novels.
文摘The aim of this paper is the analysis of the supernatural elements in Kipling＇s ＂The Mark on The Beast＂ （1890） Conan Doyle＇s ＂Lot No. 249＂ （1892）, and Wells＇ ＂The Truth about Peycraft＂ （1903） conceived of as the expression of the revitalisation of the Gothic imagery which, through the short story, serve to voice and exorcise late Victorian crisis, de-Constructing late Victorian identity. First, the complex nature of late Victorian Britain crisis will be deepened. Second, the short story will be focused on as an independent genre from the novel which mostly epitomized Fin de Si6cle literary fantastic discourse. Finally, the short stories will be investigated as textual examples of what Brantlinger （1988） defined as Imperial Gothic, instrumental in voicing and exorcising the pressures of late Victorian crisis
文摘Before the Victorian era,it was rare for women to be authors and writers to fix the protagonists of their works as female characters.However,in the 19^(th)century,there was a rapid increase of women writers and emphasis on feminist consciousness.Among all the works of women writers,Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights which were written by the Bronte sisters were distinctive.The Bronte sisters conveyed their feminist consciousness and described the society in their works.Both works emphasized romantic relationships as the narrative thread.By shaping the female characters in their works as self-reliant women who fought for equivalence and freedom in the era where male chauvinism occupied leadership roles,the Bronte sisters conveyed their eagerness for freedom,equality,and their feminist consciousness.This paper combines features of the Victorian era and the Bronte sisters’life experiences to analyze feminist consciousness in these two works and make comparisons between them.
文摘In the novel The French Lieutenant's Woman,the two major female role--Ernestina and Sarah,can be the representative images of Victorian women. Sarah's speech and behaviors reveal the spirit of emancipation and freedom,while Ernestina is the conservative and depressed women in that period. Through the analysis of them,the social values of Victorian period are presented clearly. This also reflects John Fowles'attitude towards women.
文摘In Mrs.Gaskell’s Wives and Daughters,she successfully depicted the male character,Mr.Gibson,leaving the world a model man who is sensible,loving,honest,responsible,observant,intelligent,generous,kind-hearted and full of self-esteem,a model Victorian gentleman.
文摘尽管从方法运用角度对文史文本深度翻译的探讨已经相当丰富,但在实施深度翻译方法之前,确立指导原则的重要性仍然不容忽视。这些原则为文史文本深度翻译实践提供了指导和规范,确保了深度翻译的准确性和一致性,并具有更广泛的适用性。在翻译威尔森的英国通俗史畅销书《后维多利亚时代人》(After the Victorians)中,笔者较多地运用了阿皮亚最早提出的深度翻译方法,采用的具体分类是曹明伦提出的显性深度翻译和隐性深度翻译。本文将对曹明伦重新归纳出的显性深度翻译与隐性深度翻译的方法做一简要介绍,包括隐性深度翻译的提出过程,然后重点结合笔者翻译《后维多利亚时代人》的实践,讨论一般史学著作深度翻译应遵循的原则。在讨论中,本文将涵盖上述两种深度翻译方法的操作与例析。
