Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in s...Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in spinal cord injury.Previous studies have shown that microglia can promote neuronal survival by phagocytosing dead cells and debris and by releasing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory factors.However,excessive activation of microglia can lead to persistent inflammation and contribute to the formation of glial scars,which hinder axonal regeneration.Despite this,the precise role and mechanisms of microglia during the acute phase of spinal cord injury remain controversial and poorly understood.To elucidate the role of microglia in spinal cord injury,we employed the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622 to deplete microglia.We observed that sustained depletion of microglia resulted in an expansion of the lesion area,downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and impaired functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Next,we generated a transgenic mouse line with conditional overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor specifically in microglia.We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia increased angiogenesis and blood flow following spinal cord injury and facilitated the recovery of hindlimb motor function.Additionally,brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia reduced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis during the acute phase of spinal cord injury.Furthermore,through using specific transgenic mouse lines,TMEM119,and the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX73086,we demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects were predominantly due to brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia rather than macrophages.In conclusion,our findings suggest the critical role of microglia in the formation of protective glial scars.Depleting microglia is detrimental to recovery of spinal cord injury,whereas targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy to enhance motor function recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.展开更多
Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia is a debilitating neurological disorder caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,for which no effective causative treatments are currently available.Intermittent hypoxia has ...Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia is a debilitating neurological disorder caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,for which no effective causative treatments are currently available.Intermittent hypoxia has been shown to enhance cerebral blood flow in mice,but its efficacy in a model of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia remains unclear.In this study,we established a mouse model of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia by bilateral carotid artery stenosis.Intermittent hypoxia was induced before and after this stenosis.We found that intermittent hypoxia increased cerebral blood flow,oxygen saturation,and microcirculation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in the model mice,without causing neurovascular damage.Additionally,intermittent hypoxia significantly improved cognitive function in the mouse model of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia,with perconditioning showing greater efficacy than preconditioning.Improvements in cerebral microcirculation and blood flow were positively correlated with cognitive recovery.Even in a mouse model of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia with comorbidities induced by a high-fat,high-fructose diet,intermittent hypoxic perconditioning demonstrated protective effects on cognitive function.Proteomic analysis indicated that mitochondrial protection is a key mechanism,particularly through upregulating NDUFB8 expression and increasing the activity of mitochondrial complex I.These findings suggest that intermittent hypoxia is a potential non-invasive strategy for the prevention and treatment of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia.展开更多
Vascular stents play an important role in the minimally invasive treatment of vascular diseases,such as vascular stenosis,vascular aneurysm,vascular dissection and vascular atherosclerotic plaque disease.Bare metal st...Vascular stents play an important role in the minimally invasive treatment of vascular diseases,such as vascular stenosis,vascular aneurysm,vascular dissection and vascular atherosclerotic plaque disease.Bare metal stents were initially fabricated;however,the incidence of complications such as thrombosis,inflammation,restenosis,vascular injury,displacement and endoleakage is still high after implantation.To overcome these complications,several strategies for designing functional vascular stents have been carried out.Drug-eluting stents,biodegradable stents and bionic stents were manufactured and investigated.This review aims to comprehensively analyze the vascular diseases suitable for stent implantation treatment,tissue reactions after implantation,the materials and manufacturing techniques used to fabricate vascular stents,the various application scenarios in which they could be used to treat vascular lesions and the development process of vascular stents.Future development trends of vascular stents are expected to prioritize their performance,biocompatibility,and clinical accessibility.The design of vascular stents may be transformed or improved to better fulfill the rehabilitation requirements of vascular disease patients.Finally,various application scenarios may be used to treat vascular or even nonvascular diseases via endovascular access.展开更多
Background Coronary heart disease with myocardial ischemia is closely associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction,dyslipidemia,and chronic inflammatory response.Atorvastatin,a classic lipid-lowering agent,exhibit...Background Coronary heart disease with myocardial ischemia is closely associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction,dyslipidemia,and chronic inflammatory response.Atorvastatin,a classic lipid-lowering agent,exhibits pleiotropic effects including plaque stabilization,endothelial function improvement,and anti-inflammatory actions.Nicorandil,as a potassium channel opener with additional nitrate-like effects,directly dilates coronary arteries and improves myocardial microcirculation.Theoretically,the two drugs may synergistically enhance myocardial perfusion and endothelial function through distinct mechanisms.However,clinical evidence regarding the comprehensive impact of their combination on vascular endothelial function,blood lipid profiles,and systemic inflammatory status in patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial ischemia remains insufficient.Further studies are warranted to clarify their synergistic effects and clinical value.Methods A total of 60 patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial ischemia admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to October 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into combination group and control group using a random number table,with 30 patients in each group.The control group received atorvastatin treatment,while the combination group received nicorandil combined with atorvastatin.After 12 weeks of continuous treatment,the clinical efficacy,vascular endothelial function,blood lipid profiles,inflammatory factors,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in the combination group(93.33%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(70.00%)(P<0.05).After treatment,serum endothelin(ET)level was lower in the combination group than in the control group(P<0.05),while nitric oxide(NO)level was higher(P<0.05).In the combination group,the levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were all lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)level was higher(P<0.05).Levels of C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin(IL)-8,and IL-6 in the combination group were also lower compared with the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions The combination of nicorandil and atorvastatin demonstrated certain short-term therapeutic effects in patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial ischemia.It not only effectively improves vascular endothelial function and regulates lipid metabolism but also suppresses the levels of inflammatory factors,with a favorable safety profile.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)is inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease,which is related to impaired vascular function.However,its relationship with vascular function remains unknown i...BACKGROUND Cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)is inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease,which is related to impaired vascular function.However,its relationship with vascular function remains unknown in patients with type 2 diabetes.AIM To assess the relationship of CRF with vascular function in type 2 diabetes.METHODS Patients with type 2 diabetes who were aged≥18 years and underwent an incremental and symptom-limited exercise test were included.Vascular function was assessed by the construction of the vascular health index(VHI),which is defined as a composite score of ankle-brachial index,transcutaneous oxygen pressure,pulse wave velocity,and carotid intima-media thickness.Impaired vascular function is defined as a VHI of<8 points.Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations.RESULTS We included 343 patients with type 2 diabetes.CRF was positively correlated with VHI(β=0.10,P=0.047),particularly with ankle-brachial index and pulse wave velocity.The odds ratio(OR)of impaired vascular function was 0.44[95%confidence interval(CI):0.20-0.96]for the highest vs the lowest CRF category.For each one metabolic equivalent increase in CRF,the OR of impaired vascular function was 0.73(95%CI:0.57-0.93).CONCLUSION Higher CRF was associated with better vascular function and lower odds of impaired vascular function in patients with type 2 diabetes.展开更多
Background The co-existence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and hypertension presents a significant clinical challenge due to their synergistic detrimental effects on cardiovascular outcomes.Conventional combination ...Background The co-existence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and hypertension presents a significant clinical challenge due to their synergistic detrimental effects on cardiovascular outcomes.Conventional combination therapies often fall short in comprehensively addressing the intertwined pathophysiologies,particularly vascular endothelial dysfunction.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel regimen combining sitagliptin-metformin with nifedipine in managing blood pressure,blood glucose,and vascular function in this high-risk population.Methods 150 patients with T2DM and hypertension were randomly assigned to either the control group(n=75)treated with metformin and nifedipine,or the experimental group(n=75)treated with sitagliptin-metformin compound preparation combined with nifedipine.Changes in blood pressure,blood glucose levels,flow-mediated dilation(FMD)and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation(NMD)of the brachial artery,and serum levels of biomarkers[nitric oxide(NO),endothelin-1(ET-1)]were compared before and after treatment.The incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was also monitored.Results After treatment,both groups showed significant reductions in blood pressure,blood glucose parameters,and ET-1 levels compared to baseline.The experimental group demonstrated significantly lower values in these assessments at the same time points than control group(P<0.05).Conversely,FMD,NMD,and NO levels increased significantly in both groups after treatment,with experimental group showing significantly higher values than control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions The combination of sitagliptinmetformin compound preparation and nifedipine significantly enhanced blood pressure control and blood glucose control and exerted a positive regulatory effect on vascular endothelial function in patients with T2DM and hypertension,demonstrating high clinical value for widespread application.展开更多
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is a non-invasive treatment that can enhance the recovery of neurological function after stroke. Whether it can similarly promote the recovery of cognitive functio...Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is a non-invasive treatment that can enhance the recovery of neurological function after stroke. Whether it can similarly promote the recovery of cognitive function after vascular dementia remains unknown, In this study, a rat model for vascular dementia was established by the two-vessel occlusion method. Two days after injury, 30 pulses of rTMS were ad- ministered to each cerebral hemisphere at a frequency of 0.5 Hz and a magnetic field intensity of 1,33 T. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate learning and memory function. The Karnovsky-Roots method was performed to determine the density of cholinergic neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region. Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the number of brain-derived neurotroph- ic factor （BDNF）-immunoreactive cells in the hippocampal CA1 region, rTMS treatment for 30 days significantly improved learning and memory function, increased acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase activity, increased the density of cholinergic neurons, and increased the number of BDNF-immunoreactive cells. These results indicate that rTMS can ameliorate learning and memory deficiencies in rats with vascular dementia, The mechanism through which this occurs might be related to the promotion of BDNF expression and subsequent restoration of cholinergic system activity in hippocampal CA 1 region.展开更多
In this study, we induced cerebral infarction in rats by occluding the right middle cerebral artery, and tested the effects of electroacupuncture at the Baihui acupoint （DU 20）. Motor and sensory function was tested...In this study, we induced cerebral infarction in rats by occluding the right middle cerebral artery, and tested the effects of electroacupuncture at the Baihui acupoint （DU 20）. Motor and sensory function was tested using Garcia’s scale and motor weakness grading, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the brain was quantified using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. We found that scalp electroacupuncture at DU 20 significantly improved motor performance and sensory function in rats with stroke, and this was accompanied by an increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the ischemic brain tissue and peri-ischemic area. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis showed that the improvements in functional recovery were correlated with the increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor.展开更多
The functional formula diet AHP, containing polysaccharides from Auricularia auricular, polyphenolic compounds from Hawthorn (Crataegus) and Pueraria radix, has been recently developed as a dietary intervention agains...The functional formula diet AHP, containing polysaccharides from Auricularia auricular, polyphenolic compounds from Hawthorn (Crataegus) and Pueraria radix, has been recently developed as a dietary intervention against dyslipidemia in our previous study. In the present study, its antioxidant activities and protective effects against proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were investigated. AHP possessed the potent radical-scavenging effects against hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, and also the inhibitory effects against peroxidation of low density lipoprotein induced by Cu2+ in vitro. The protective effects of AHP against proliferation of VSMCs were evaluated through the methodology of serum pharmacology. The serum containing AHP significantly inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and also promoted the nitric oxide production of VSMCs. Our study indicated that this functional formula diet would be a potent alternative as a functional diet to prevent atherosclerosis at early stage.展开更多
Subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment(svMCI)is a common prodromal stage of vascular dementia.Although mounting evidence has suggested abnormalities in several single brain network metrics,few studies have exp...Subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment(svMCI)is a common prodromal stage of vascular dementia.Although mounting evidence has suggested abnormalities in several single brain network metrics,few studies have explored the consistency between functional and structural connectivity networks in svMCI.Here,we constructed such networks using resting-state f MRI for functional connectivity and diffusion tensor imaging for structural connectivity in 30 patients with svMCI and 30 normal controls.The functional networks were then parcellated into topological modules,corresponding to several well-defined functional domains.The coupling between the functional and structural networks was finally estimated and compared at the multiscale network level(whole brain and modular level).We found no significant intergroup differences in the functional–structural coupling within the whole brain;however,there was significantly increased functional–structural coupling within the dorsal attention module and decreased functional–structural coupling within the ventral attention module in the svMCI group.In addition,the svMCI patients demonstrated decreased intramodular connectivity strength in the visual,somatomotor,and dorsal attention modules as well as decreased intermodular connectivity strength between several modules in the functional network,mainly linking the visual,somatomotor,dorsal attention,ventral attention,and frontoparietal control modules.There was no significant correlation between the altered module-level functional–structural coupling and cognitive performance in patients with svMCI.These findings demonstrate for the first time that svMCI is reflected in a selective aberrant topological organization in multiscale brain networks and may improve our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying svMCI.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the extent of vascular endothelial dysfunction and preliminary identify serum protein biomarkers associated with obese individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease(CVD).METHODS:Fifteen obese vo...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the extent of vascular endothelial dysfunction and preliminary identify serum protein biomarkers associated with obese individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease(CVD).METHODS:Fifteen obese volunteers with the phlegmdampness constitution or balanced constitution were recruited for this study respectively.The clinical baseline data was collected,and the vascular endothelial function was evaluated using the EndoPAT?.Blood samples were collected for the serum proteome analysis.The differences in the serum protein expression levels between the two groups were detected and the protein interaction network analysis,correlation analysis,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis,and random forest model investigation were conducted.RESULTS:There were no statistical differences found in the baseline data.For vascular endothelial function,the reactive hyperemia index(RHI)of the phlegm-dampness constitution obese group was significantly lower than that of the balanced constitution obese group(1.46±0.30 vs 2.82±0.78,P<0.0001),indicating vascular endothelial dysfunction.There are 66 differentially expressed serum proteins between the two groups.apolipoprotein A2(Apo A2),angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE-2),interleukin-33(IL-33),and forkhead box P3(FoxP3)showed significant differences and area under curve values of their ROC curves were greater than 0.7 and correlated significantly with RHI.CONCLUSION:Vascular endothelial dysfunction was present in the phlegm-dampness constitution obese group.Thus,alterations in the expression levels of key serum proteins,including Apo A2,ACE-2,IL-33,and Fox P3 could serve as potential biomarkers in the obese population at risk of CVD.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of brain functional recovery decoction(BFRD) on expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and angiopoietin-1(Ang-1) protein in rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion ...OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of brain functional recovery decoction(BFRD) on expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and angiopoietin-1(Ang-1) protein in rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, and to explore the mechanism of action of BFRD.METHODS: Using the suture-occlusion method, a Wistar rat model of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion was established. The rats were randomly divided into treatment group, model group, and sham operation group. The treatment group was administered BFRD. In situ hybridization was used to detect VEGF m RNA expression. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe expression of Ang-1 protein.RESULTS: VEGF mRNA expression was greater in the model group compared with the sham operation group(P < 0.05); Ang-1 protein expression was more obvious in the treatment group than the model group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: BFRD promoted VEGF m RNA and Ang-1 protein expression in the brains of rats with cerebral ischemia, suggesting increased angiogenesis.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To test the influence of acupuncture on cognitive function and a marker of oxidative DNA damage in patients with vascular dementia(VD).METHODS:Sixteen VD patients were evaluated before and after acupuncture,...OBJECTIVE:To test the influence of acupuncture on cognitive function and a marker of oxidative DNA damage in patients with vascular dementia(VD).METHODS:Sixteen VD patients were evaluated before and after acupuncture,using the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination-Revised(MMSE-R) to assess cognitive function,and the ADL-R scale to assess independence in activities of daily living(ADL).Life quality was evaluated using the DEMQOL(Dementia quality of life questionnaire) questionnaire,and syndromes and expression of vascular dementia were evaluated with the Scale for the Differentiation of Syndromes of Vascular Dementia(SDSVD).In addition,the urine concentration of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)-a marker of oxidative damage-was quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:The MMSE-R and DEMQOL scores were higher after acupuncture than before(P<0.05),while there were no obvious differences in the ADL-R or SDSVD scores(P>0.05).The 8-OHdG content in urine significantly decreased after acupuncture(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Acupuncture reduces the levels of 8-OHdG and improves cognitive function and quality of life in VD patients,suggesting that acupuncture is beneficial at least in part by preventing oxidative damage.展开更多
Atherosclerosis occurs as a result of organized processes that include vascular endothelial dysfunction, lipid accumulation, abnormal inflammatory reaction, excessive reactive oxygen species production, and vascular c...Atherosclerosis occurs as a result of organized processes that include vascular endothelial dysfunction, lipid accumulation, abnormal inflammatory reaction, excessive reactive oxygen species production, and vascular cell proliferation and migration. In patients with atherosclerosis, vascular endothelial dysfunction is commonly observed with the damage of vascular endothelial glycocalyx, which is an extracellular matrix bound to and encapsulating the endothelial cells that line the blood vessel wall. Unhealthy lifestyle choices such as smoking and physical inactivity also induce glycocalyx degradation. Additionally, vascular endothelial glycocalyx can be damaged by various pathological conditions including dehydration, acute infectious disease, trauma, sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, Kawasaki disease, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, atherosclerosis, stroke, dementia, microvascular angina, acute coronary syndrome, and heart failure. Vascular endothelial glycocalyx has been shown to be important as a physical cytoprotective barrier for vascular endothelial cells and as a regulatory mechanism for intracellular cell signaling. Therefore, vascular endothelial glycocalyx has immense potential in the exploration of novel strategies for the evaluation of beneficial conditions of healthy vasculature.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the effects of Naoxintong(NXT)capsule on vascular endothelial function and inflammatory mechanism in spontaneously hypertensive rats.Methods:A total of 100 spontaneously hypertensive rats were...Objective:To investigate the effects of Naoxintong(NXT)capsule on vascular endothelial function and inflammatory mechanism in spontaneously hypertensive rats.Methods:A total of 100 spontaneously hypertensive rats were divided into model group,positive control group,NXT low-dose group,NXT medium-dose group and NXT high-dose group.Rats in the model group were given an equal dose of normal saline once a day;the positive control group was given telmisartan 50 mg/(kg·d)once a day;the low,middle and high dose groups were given the NTX 0.5,1.0,2.0 mg/(kg·d)once a day,respectively.Rats in each group were continuously intragastrically administered for 12 weeks.The vascular endothelial function index,inflammation index and blood pressure of each group were observed at the end of 8 weeks.Results:Endothelin(ET),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),C-reactive protein(CRP)and systolic blood pressure levels were lower in the positive control group and NXT group compared with model group.In the model group,the NO level was lower than the positive control group and NXT group;the levels of ET,IL-6,TNF-α,CRP and systolic blood pressure in the middle-dose group and the high-dose group were lower than those in the positive control group and NXT low-dose group.Furthermore,the level of NO was higher in positive control group and NXT middle and high dose group compared with model group.The levels of ET,IL-6,TNF-α,CRP and systolic pressure in NXT high dose group were lower than in NXT middle dose group,while the level of NO was higher in NXT high group than in NXT middle dose group and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).Conclusions:NXT has obviously antihypertensive effect on spontaneously hypertensive rats,and its mechanism may be related to the improvement of vascular endothelial function and inflammatory factors.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the effects of Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Tablets on inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial function and myocardial function in patients with coronary heart disease ...Objective: To investigate the effects of Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Tablets on inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial function and myocardial function in patients with coronary heart disease complicated with heart failure. Methods: A total of 98 patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure who met the criteria of the study were selected as the subjects, based on the random data table they were divided into the control group (n=49) and observation group (n=49), the patients in the control group were treated with Metoprolol Tartrate Sustained-release Tablets treatment, and the patients in the observation group were treated with Metoprolol Tartrate Sustained-release Tablets combined with Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Tablets, the levels of inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial function and myocardial function indexes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: The difference of the CRP, TNF-α, MDA, SOD, NO, ET-1, LVEF, LVEDD and LVESD levels in the two groups before treatment were not statistically significant;Compared with the levels of the two groups before treatment, the two groups of CRP, TNF-α, MDA, ET-1, LVEDD and LVESD levels after treatment were significantly decreased, and the level of the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than those levels in the control group, the difference was statistically significant;The levels of SOD, NO and LVEF of the two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those in the same group before treatment, and the observation group levels [(88.09±7.51) U/ml, (72.58±14.64) mol/L, (48.34±5.09)% ] were significantly higher than the control group [(79.44±7.27) U/ml, (61.89±11.06) mol/L, (44.19±4.58)%], the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Tablets in the treatment of coronary heart disease with heart failure can effectively inhibit the release of inflammatory factors, improve oxidative stress state, vascular endothelial function and myocardial function, has an important clinical value.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effect of rosuvastatin on the vascular endothelial function and inflammatory cytokine in patients after PCI.Methods:A total of 120 patients with ACS who were admitted in our hospital from Dec...Objective:To evaluate the effect of rosuvastatin on the vascular endothelial function and inflammatory cytokine in patients after PCI.Methods:A total of 120 patients with ACS who were admitted in our hospital from December, 2014 to June, 2016 were included in the study and randomized into the observation group and the control group. PCI was performed in the two groups. The patients in the control group were given routine treatments. On this basis, the patients in the observation group were given rosuvastatin (20 mg) 3 d before operation, every night before sleep, continuously for 1 month. The efficacy was evaluated 24 h and 1 month after operation. Hs-CRP, IL-10, TNF-α, vWF, ET-1, NO, TG, TC, and LDL levels before operation, 24 h and 1 month after operation in the two groups were detected.Results:vWF and ET-1 levels 1 month after operation in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while NO was significantly higher than that in the control group. hs-CRP, IL-10, and TNF-α 24 h and 1 month after operation in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. TC, TG, and LDL levels 24 h and 1 month after operation in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group.Conclusions:Rosuvastatin can effectively reduce the serum inflammatory cytokine level, improve the vascular endothelial function, and decrease the occurrence of thrombus and restenosis in patients with ACS after PCI.展开更多
Objective:To investigate influence of folic acid and vitamin B12 combined therapy on plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level, blood vessels endothelial function and inflammatory factors in patients with vascular dementia and ...Objective:To investigate influence of folic acid and vitamin B12 combined therapy on plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level, blood vessels endothelial function and inflammatory factors in patients with vascular dementia and type H hypertension.Methods:100 cases of patients with vascular dementia and type H hypertension accorded with the inclusion criteria were selected as research objects. They were randomly divided as the control group and the therapeutic group, 50 cases each. For control group, Enalapril tablets were administered by mouth for treatment. For therapeutic group, folic acid and vitamin B12 treatment were provided on the basis of treatment for control group. Treatments were continued for 12 weeks. Plasma Hcy levels, inflammatory factors [(interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and hypersensitive C reaction protein (hs-CRP)], blood vessels endothelial function indexes variation in patients before and after treatment were observed and detected.Results:Plasma Hcy, IL-6, IL-8 and hs-CRP levels in two groups of patients after treatment were significantly decreased comparing with the same group before treatment, and the above index levels in therapeutic group after treatment were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05);For comparison of blood vessels endothelial function indexes in the patients, NO levels in two groups after treatment were increased in various degrees, and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were decreased. The differences between levels of the two indexes in therapeutic group before and after treatment were significant, and levels after treatment in therapeutic group were significantly better than in control group (P<0.05). While variations of the differences in control group before and after treatment were not significant (P>0.05);After treatment, diastolic pressure and systolic pressure in the two groups of patients were significantly improved comparing with before treatment (P<0.05). However, after treatment, the differences of levels between therapeutic group and control group were not significant (P>0.05). MMSE score in therapeutic group after treatment was significantly higher than before treatment, and significantly higher than in control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Combined therapy of folic acid and vitamin B12 for treating vascular dementia with type H hypertension could effectively decrease plasma Hcy and inflammatory factor levels, and improve blood vessels endothelial function and dementia degree on patients. It has certain clinical value which deserves to be promoted.展开更多
Objective: To estimate directly phagocytic functions of the macrophages because of the importance in innate immunity, determine blood vessel density and re-innervation density which are basis of function. Methods: Eig...Objective: To estimate directly phagocytic functions of the macrophages because of the importance in innate immunity, determine blood vessel density and re-innervation density which are basis of function. Methods: Eighty adult Wistar rats were randonjy divided into experimental and control groups.The formers underwent splenotomy and a half splenie slice was transplanted into greater omentum. The latter only moved. After 6 months, examination was made as follows: ① After injection of 0.4% carbon particles by vein, spleme tissues were taken out at different times for estimating phagocytosis by light microscope. ② When splenic tissues had been intubated into left ventricle under total anesthesia, animals were perfused by formalin and India ink mixture suspension. Splenic tissues were taken out for making sections for measurement of area density of blood vessels.③ Immunohistochemical procedure was used for detecting neuropeptide Y(NPY). Results: Phagocytie functions had no difference between two groups, hut the area density of blood vessels and NPY-positive fibers re-dued (P<0.01) in experimental group. Conclusion:Autotransplanted splenic tissues show good innate immunity though regeneration of blood vessels and nerves do not reach normal level.展开更多
Objective Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and its related ischemia reperfusion injury may cause endothelial cell injury. To study the protective effects of sodium ferulate in vascular endothelial function during CPB by t...Objective Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and its related ischemia reperfusion injury may cause endothelial cell injury. To study the protective effects of sodium ferulate in vascular endothelial function during CPB by testing the changes of vascular endothelial cell(CEC) ,nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in children with congenital heart disease. Methods Sixty patients展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82072165 and 82272256(both to XM)the Key Project of Xiangyang Central Hospital,No.2023YZ03(to RM)。
文摘Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited.Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system,play a critical role in spinal cord injury.Previous studies have shown that microglia can promote neuronal survival by phagocytosing dead cells and debris and by releasing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory factors.However,excessive activation of microglia can lead to persistent inflammation and contribute to the formation of glial scars,which hinder axonal regeneration.Despite this,the precise role and mechanisms of microglia during the acute phase of spinal cord injury remain controversial and poorly understood.To elucidate the role of microglia in spinal cord injury,we employed the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622 to deplete microglia.We observed that sustained depletion of microglia resulted in an expansion of the lesion area,downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,and impaired functional recovery after spinal cord injury.Next,we generated a transgenic mouse line with conditional overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor specifically in microglia.We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia increased angiogenesis and blood flow following spinal cord injury and facilitated the recovery of hindlimb motor function.Additionally,brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia reduced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis during the acute phase of spinal cord injury.Furthermore,through using specific transgenic mouse lines,TMEM119,and the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX73086,we demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects were predominantly due to brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia rather than macrophages.In conclusion,our findings suggest the critical role of microglia in the formation of protective glial scars.Depleting microglia is detrimental to recovery of spinal cord injury,whereas targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy to enhance motor function recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.
基金supported by the Beijing Nova Program,Nos.20230484436,Z211100002121038the Chinese Institutes for Medical Research,No.CX23YQ01+1 种基金the NationalNatural Science Foundation of China,Nos.32100925,82027802Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Basic Research Cooperation Project,No.22JCZXJC00190(all to XJand JL).
文摘Vascular cognitive impairment and dementia is a debilitating neurological disorder caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion,for which no effective causative treatments are currently available.Intermittent hypoxia has been shown to enhance cerebral blood flow in mice,but its efficacy in a model of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia remains unclear.In this study,we established a mouse model of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia by bilateral carotid artery stenosis.Intermittent hypoxia was induced before and after this stenosis.We found that intermittent hypoxia increased cerebral blood flow,oxygen saturation,and microcirculation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in the model mice,without causing neurovascular damage.Additionally,intermittent hypoxia significantly improved cognitive function in the mouse model of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia,with perconditioning showing greater efficacy than preconditioning.Improvements in cerebral microcirculation and blood flow were positively correlated with cognitive recovery.Even in a mouse model of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia with comorbidities induced by a high-fat,high-fructose diet,intermittent hypoxic perconditioning demonstrated protective effects on cognitive function.Proteomic analysis indicated that mitochondrial protection is a key mechanism,particularly through upregulating NDUFB8 expression and increasing the activity of mitochondrial complex I.These findings suggest that intermittent hypoxia is a potential non-invasive strategy for the prevention and treatment of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31930067)Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(No.23NSFSC5880)+2 种基金Chengdu Medical Research Project(No.2022004)Natural Science Foundation of Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University(No.Y202206)Postdoctoral Research and Development Fund of West China Hospital,Sichuan University(No.2023HXBH052).
文摘Vascular stents play an important role in the minimally invasive treatment of vascular diseases,such as vascular stenosis,vascular aneurysm,vascular dissection and vascular atherosclerotic plaque disease.Bare metal stents were initially fabricated;however,the incidence of complications such as thrombosis,inflammation,restenosis,vascular injury,displacement and endoleakage is still high after implantation.To overcome these complications,several strategies for designing functional vascular stents have been carried out.Drug-eluting stents,biodegradable stents and bionic stents were manufactured and investigated.This review aims to comprehensively analyze the vascular diseases suitable for stent implantation treatment,tissue reactions after implantation,the materials and manufacturing techniques used to fabricate vascular stents,the various application scenarios in which they could be used to treat vascular lesions and the development process of vascular stents.Future development trends of vascular stents are expected to prioritize their performance,biocompatibility,and clinical accessibility.The design of vascular stents may be transformed or improved to better fulfill the rehabilitation requirements of vascular disease patients.Finally,various application scenarios may be used to treat vascular or even nonvascular diseases via endovascular access.
文摘Background Coronary heart disease with myocardial ischemia is closely associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction,dyslipidemia,and chronic inflammatory response.Atorvastatin,a classic lipid-lowering agent,exhibits pleiotropic effects including plaque stabilization,endothelial function improvement,and anti-inflammatory actions.Nicorandil,as a potassium channel opener with additional nitrate-like effects,directly dilates coronary arteries and improves myocardial microcirculation.Theoretically,the two drugs may synergistically enhance myocardial perfusion and endothelial function through distinct mechanisms.However,clinical evidence regarding the comprehensive impact of their combination on vascular endothelial function,blood lipid profiles,and systemic inflammatory status in patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial ischemia remains insufficient.Further studies are warranted to clarify their synergistic effects and clinical value.Methods A total of 60 patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial ischemia admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to October 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into combination group and control group using a random number table,with 30 patients in each group.The control group received atorvastatin treatment,while the combination group received nicorandil combined with atorvastatin.After 12 weeks of continuous treatment,the clinical efficacy,vascular endothelial function,blood lipid profiles,inflammatory factors,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in the combination group(93.33%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(70.00%)(P<0.05).After treatment,serum endothelin(ET)level was lower in the combination group than in the control group(P<0.05),while nitric oxide(NO)level was higher(P<0.05).In the combination group,the levels of total cholesterol(TC),triglyceride(TG),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were all lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)level was higher(P<0.05).Levels of C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin(IL)-8,and IL-6 in the combination group were also lower compared with the control group(P<0.05).No significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions The combination of nicorandil and atorvastatin demonstrated certain short-term therapeutic effects in patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial ischemia.It not only effectively improves vascular endothelial function and regulates lipid metabolism but also suppresses the levels of inflammatory factors,with a favorable safety profile.
基金Supported by the Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project,No.2024ZD0523303the Funding for Pairing Support to Jiangsu High-Level Hospitals-Zhongda Hospital,No.ZDLYG19the Key Research and Development Program in Jiangsu Province,No.BE2022828.
文摘BACKGROUND Cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)is inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease,which is related to impaired vascular function.However,its relationship with vascular function remains unknown in patients with type 2 diabetes.AIM To assess the relationship of CRF with vascular function in type 2 diabetes.METHODS Patients with type 2 diabetes who were aged≥18 years and underwent an incremental and symptom-limited exercise test were included.Vascular function was assessed by the construction of the vascular health index(VHI),which is defined as a composite score of ankle-brachial index,transcutaneous oxygen pressure,pulse wave velocity,and carotid intima-media thickness.Impaired vascular function is defined as a VHI of<8 points.Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations.RESULTS We included 343 patients with type 2 diabetes.CRF was positively correlated with VHI(β=0.10,P=0.047),particularly with ankle-brachial index and pulse wave velocity.The odds ratio(OR)of impaired vascular function was 0.44[95%confidence interval(CI):0.20-0.96]for the highest vs the lowest CRF category.For each one metabolic equivalent increase in CRF,the OR of impaired vascular function was 0.73(95%CI:0.57-0.93).CONCLUSION Higher CRF was associated with better vascular function and lower odds of impaired vascular function in patients with type 2 diabetes.
文摘Background The co-existence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)and hypertension presents a significant clinical challenge due to their synergistic detrimental effects on cardiovascular outcomes.Conventional combination therapies often fall short in comprehensively addressing the intertwined pathophysiologies,particularly vascular endothelial dysfunction.This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel regimen combining sitagliptin-metformin with nifedipine in managing blood pressure,blood glucose,and vascular function in this high-risk population.Methods 150 patients with T2DM and hypertension were randomly assigned to either the control group(n=75)treated with metformin and nifedipine,or the experimental group(n=75)treated with sitagliptin-metformin compound preparation combined with nifedipine.Changes in blood pressure,blood glucose levels,flow-mediated dilation(FMD)and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation(NMD)of the brachial artery,and serum levels of biomarkers[nitric oxide(NO),endothelin-1(ET-1)]were compared before and after treatment.The incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was also monitored.Results After treatment,both groups showed significant reductions in blood pressure,blood glucose parameters,and ET-1 levels compared to baseline.The experimental group demonstrated significantly lower values in these assessments at the same time points than control group(P<0.05).Conversely,FMD,NMD,and NO levels increased significantly in both groups after treatment,with experimental group showing significantly higher values than control group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions The combination of sitagliptinmetformin compound preparation and nifedipine significantly enhanced blood pressure control and blood glucose control and exerted a positive regulatory effect on vascular endothelial function in patients with T2DM and hypertension,demonstrating high clinical value for widespread application.
基金supported by a grant from the Major Project of Educational Commission of Hubei Province of China,No.D20152101
文摘Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is a non-invasive treatment that can enhance the recovery of neurological function after stroke. Whether it can similarly promote the recovery of cognitive function after vascular dementia remains unknown, In this study, a rat model for vascular dementia was established by the two-vessel occlusion method. Two days after injury, 30 pulses of rTMS were ad- ministered to each cerebral hemisphere at a frequency of 0.5 Hz and a magnetic field intensity of 1,33 T. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate learning and memory function. The Karnovsky-Roots method was performed to determine the density of cholinergic neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region. Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the number of brain-derived neurotroph- ic factor （BDNF）-immunoreactive cells in the hippocampal CA1 region, rTMS treatment for 30 days significantly improved learning and memory function, increased acetylcholinesterase and choline acetyltransferase activity, increased the density of cholinergic neurons, and increased the number of BDNF-immunoreactive cells. These results indicate that rTMS can ameliorate learning and memory deficiencies in rats with vascular dementia, The mechanism through which this occurs might be related to the promotion of BDNF expression and subsequent restoration of cholinergic system activity in hippocampal CA 1 region.
基金the Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital of the Catholic University of Korea, through the Clinical Research Laboratory Foundation Program, Korea Health 21 R&D Project, No. A092058, and WCU Neurocytomics
文摘In this study, we induced cerebral infarction in rats by occluding the right middle cerebral artery, and tested the effects of electroacupuncture at the Baihui acupoint （DU 20）. Motor and sensory function was tested using Garcia’s scale and motor weakness grading, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the brain was quantified using immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. We found that scalp electroacupuncture at DU 20 significantly improved motor performance and sensory function in rats with stroke, and this was accompanied by an increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the ischemic brain tissue and peri-ischemic area. In addition, Pearson correlation analysis showed that the improvements in functional recovery were correlated with the increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor.
文摘The functional formula diet AHP, containing polysaccharides from Auricularia auricular, polyphenolic compounds from Hawthorn (Crataegus) and Pueraria radix, has been recently developed as a dietary intervention against dyslipidemia in our previous study. In the present study, its antioxidant activities and protective effects against proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were investigated. AHP possessed the potent radical-scavenging effects against hydroxyl and superoxide radicals, and also the inhibitory effects against peroxidation of low density lipoprotein induced by Cu2+ in vitro. The protective effects of AHP against proliferation of VSMCs were evaluated through the methodology of serum pharmacology. The serum containing AHP significantly inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs induced by oxidized low density lipoprotein in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and also promoted the nitric oxide production of VSMCs. Our study indicated that this functional formula diet would be a potent alternative as a functional diet to prevent atherosclerosis at early stage.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commission(18JCQNJC10900)Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(17JCZDJC36300)。
文摘Subcortical vascular mild cognitive impairment(svMCI)is a common prodromal stage of vascular dementia.Although mounting evidence has suggested abnormalities in several single brain network metrics,few studies have explored the consistency between functional and structural connectivity networks in svMCI.Here,we constructed such networks using resting-state f MRI for functional connectivity and diffusion tensor imaging for structural connectivity in 30 patients with svMCI and 30 normal controls.The functional networks were then parcellated into topological modules,corresponding to several well-defined functional domains.The coupling between the functional and structural networks was finally estimated and compared at the multiscale network level(whole brain and modular level).We found no significant intergroup differences in the functional–structural coupling within the whole brain;however,there was significantly increased functional–structural coupling within the dorsal attention module and decreased functional–structural coupling within the ventral attention module in the svMCI group.In addition,the svMCI patients demonstrated decreased intramodular connectivity strength in the visual,somatomotor,and dorsal attention modules as well as decreased intermodular connectivity strength between several modules in the functional network,mainly linking the visual,somatomotor,dorsal attention,ventral attention,and frontoparietal control modules.There was no significant correlation between the altered module-level functional–structural coupling and cognitive performance in patients with svMCI.These findings demonstrate for the first time that svMCI is reflected in a selective aberrant topological organization in multiscale brain networks and may improve our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying svMCI.
基金Supported by General Program of National Natural Science of China:Qigui Slimming Prescription Upgrades the Activating Ability of the Phlegm-Dampness Constitution to Improve Obesity by Regulating the Thermogenesis Axis of Clostridium Enterica-PhytosphingosineSph K/S1P-Ca^(2+) Cycle(No.82374308)National Key Research and Development Program:Development of Dietary Intervention Series for the Elderly with Decreased Functionality(No.2022YFC2010104)National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant for Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine,CACMS:Methylation of Gut Microbiota-Host DNA Reveals the Mechanism of Promoting PhlegmDampness Constitution to Prevent Metabolic Diseases(No.YZ-202151)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the extent of vascular endothelial dysfunction and preliminary identify serum protein biomarkers associated with obese individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease(CVD).METHODS:Fifteen obese volunteers with the phlegmdampness constitution or balanced constitution were recruited for this study respectively.The clinical baseline data was collected,and the vascular endothelial function was evaluated using the EndoPAT?.Blood samples were collected for the serum proteome analysis.The differences in the serum protein expression levels between the two groups were detected and the protein interaction network analysis,correlation analysis,receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis,and random forest model investigation were conducted.RESULTS:There were no statistical differences found in the baseline data.For vascular endothelial function,the reactive hyperemia index(RHI)of the phlegm-dampness constitution obese group was significantly lower than that of the balanced constitution obese group(1.46±0.30 vs 2.82±0.78,P<0.0001),indicating vascular endothelial dysfunction.There are 66 differentially expressed serum proteins between the two groups.apolipoprotein A2(Apo A2),angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE-2),interleukin-33(IL-33),and forkhead box P3(FoxP3)showed significant differences and area under curve values of their ROC curves were greater than 0.7 and correlated significantly with RHI.CONCLUSION:Vascular endothelial dysfunction was present in the phlegm-dampness constitution obese group.Thus,alterations in the expression levels of key serum proteins,including Apo A2,ACE-2,IL-33,and Fox P3 could serve as potential biomarkers in the obese population at risk of CVD.
基金International Cooperation Projects of Shaanxi Province(The Protection on Ischemia-reperfusion Rats and the influence of VEGF RNA Expression of Brain Functional Recovery Decoction,No.2012-Kw-33-02)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of brain functional recovery decoction(BFRD) on expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and angiopoietin-1(Ang-1) protein in rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury, and to explore the mechanism of action of BFRD.METHODS: Using the suture-occlusion method, a Wistar rat model of focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion was established. The rats were randomly divided into treatment group, model group, and sham operation group. The treatment group was administered BFRD. In situ hybridization was used to detect VEGF m RNA expression. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe expression of Ang-1 protein.RESULTS: VEGF mRNA expression was greater in the model group compared with the sham operation group(P < 0.05); Ang-1 protein expression was more obvious in the treatment group than the model group(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: BFRD promoted VEGF m RNA and Ang-1 protein expression in the brains of rats with cerebral ischemia, suggesting increased angiogenesis.
基金Supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-09-0007)Major Scientific and Technological Research Projects of Beijing(D09050703550902)special fund programs of Tianjin Health Bureau on scientific research into TCM and the combination of TCM with Western medicine(07059)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To test the influence of acupuncture on cognitive function and a marker of oxidative DNA damage in patients with vascular dementia(VD).METHODS:Sixteen VD patients were evaluated before and after acupuncture,using the Folstein Mini-Mental State Examination-Revised(MMSE-R) to assess cognitive function,and the ADL-R scale to assess independence in activities of daily living(ADL).Life quality was evaluated using the DEMQOL(Dementia quality of life questionnaire) questionnaire,and syndromes and expression of vascular dementia were evaluated with the Scale for the Differentiation of Syndromes of Vascular Dementia(SDSVD).In addition,the urine concentration of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine(8-OHdG)-a marker of oxidative damage-was quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS:The MMSE-R and DEMQOL scores were higher after acupuncture than before(P<0.05),while there were no obvious differences in the ADL-R or SDSVD scores(P>0.05).The 8-OHdG content in urine significantly decreased after acupuncture(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Acupuncture reduces the levels of 8-OHdG and improves cognitive function and quality of life in VD patients,suggesting that acupuncture is beneficial at least in part by preventing oxidative damage.
文摘Atherosclerosis occurs as a result of organized processes that include vascular endothelial dysfunction, lipid accumulation, abnormal inflammatory reaction, excessive reactive oxygen species production, and vascular cell proliferation and migration. In patients with atherosclerosis, vascular endothelial dysfunction is commonly observed with the damage of vascular endothelial glycocalyx, which is an extracellular matrix bound to and encapsulating the endothelial cells that line the blood vessel wall. Unhealthy lifestyle choices such as smoking and physical inactivity also induce glycocalyx degradation. Additionally, vascular endothelial glycocalyx can be damaged by various pathological conditions including dehydration, acute infectious disease, trauma, sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, Kawasaki disease, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, atherosclerosis, stroke, dementia, microvascular angina, acute coronary syndrome, and heart failure. Vascular endothelial glycocalyx has been shown to be important as a physical cytoprotective barrier for vascular endothelial cells and as a regulatory mechanism for intracellular cell signaling. Therefore, vascular endothelial glycocalyx has immense potential in the exploration of novel strategies for the evaluation of beneficial conditions of healthy vasculature.
文摘Objective:To investigate the effects of Naoxintong(NXT)capsule on vascular endothelial function and inflammatory mechanism in spontaneously hypertensive rats.Methods:A total of 100 spontaneously hypertensive rats were divided into model group,positive control group,NXT low-dose group,NXT medium-dose group and NXT high-dose group.Rats in the model group were given an equal dose of normal saline once a day;the positive control group was given telmisartan 50 mg/(kg·d)once a day;the low,middle and high dose groups were given the NTX 0.5,1.0,2.0 mg/(kg·d)once a day,respectively.Rats in each group were continuously intragastrically administered for 12 weeks.The vascular endothelial function index,inflammation index and blood pressure of each group were observed at the end of 8 weeks.Results:Endothelin(ET),interleukin-6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),C-reactive protein(CRP)and systolic blood pressure levels were lower in the positive control group and NXT group compared with model group.In the model group,the NO level was lower than the positive control group and NXT group;the levels of ET,IL-6,TNF-α,CRP and systolic blood pressure in the middle-dose group and the high-dose group were lower than those in the positive control group and NXT low-dose group.Furthermore,the level of NO was higher in positive control group and NXT middle and high dose group compared with model group.The levels of ET,IL-6,TNF-α,CRP and systolic pressure in NXT high dose group were lower than in NXT middle dose group,while the level of NO was higher in NXT high group than in NXT middle dose group and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).Conclusions:NXT has obviously antihypertensive effect on spontaneously hypertensive rats,and its mechanism may be related to the improvement of vascular endothelial function and inflammatory factors.
文摘Objective: To investigate the effects of Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Tablets on inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial function and myocardial function in patients with coronary heart disease complicated with heart failure. Methods: A total of 98 patients with coronary heart disease and heart failure who met the criteria of the study were selected as the subjects, based on the random data table they were divided into the control group (n=49) and observation group (n=49), the patients in the control group were treated with Metoprolol Tartrate Sustained-release Tablets treatment, and the patients in the observation group were treated with Metoprolol Tartrate Sustained-release Tablets combined with Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Tablets, the levels of inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress, vascular endothelial function and myocardial function indexes were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results: The difference of the CRP, TNF-α, MDA, SOD, NO, ET-1, LVEF, LVEDD and LVESD levels in the two groups before treatment were not statistically significant;Compared with the levels of the two groups before treatment, the two groups of CRP, TNF-α, MDA, ET-1, LVEDD and LVESD levels after treatment were significantly decreased, and the level of the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than those levels in the control group, the difference was statistically significant;The levels of SOD, NO and LVEF of the two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those in the same group before treatment, and the observation group levels [(88.09±7.51) U/ml, (72.58±14.64) mol/L, (48.34±5.09)% ] were significantly higher than the control group [(79.44±7.27) U/ml, (61.89±11.06) mol/L, (44.19±4.58)%], the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion: Trimetazidine Dihydrochloride Tablets in the treatment of coronary heart disease with heart failure can effectively inhibit the release of inflammatory factors, improve oxidative stress state, vascular endothelial function and myocardial function, has an important clinical value.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effect of rosuvastatin on the vascular endothelial function and inflammatory cytokine in patients after PCI.Methods:A total of 120 patients with ACS who were admitted in our hospital from December, 2014 to June, 2016 were included in the study and randomized into the observation group and the control group. PCI was performed in the two groups. The patients in the control group were given routine treatments. On this basis, the patients in the observation group were given rosuvastatin (20 mg) 3 d before operation, every night before sleep, continuously for 1 month. The efficacy was evaluated 24 h and 1 month after operation. Hs-CRP, IL-10, TNF-α, vWF, ET-1, NO, TG, TC, and LDL levels before operation, 24 h and 1 month after operation in the two groups were detected.Results:vWF and ET-1 levels 1 month after operation in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while NO was significantly higher than that in the control group. hs-CRP, IL-10, and TNF-α 24 h and 1 month after operation in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group. TC, TG, and LDL levels 24 h and 1 month after operation in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group.Conclusions:Rosuvastatin can effectively reduce the serum inflammatory cytokine level, improve the vascular endothelial function, and decrease the occurrence of thrombus and restenosis in patients with ACS after PCI.
文摘Objective:To investigate influence of folic acid and vitamin B12 combined therapy on plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level, blood vessels endothelial function and inflammatory factors in patients with vascular dementia and type H hypertension.Methods:100 cases of patients with vascular dementia and type H hypertension accorded with the inclusion criteria were selected as research objects. They were randomly divided as the control group and the therapeutic group, 50 cases each. For control group, Enalapril tablets were administered by mouth for treatment. For therapeutic group, folic acid and vitamin B12 treatment were provided on the basis of treatment for control group. Treatments were continued for 12 weeks. Plasma Hcy levels, inflammatory factors [(interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and hypersensitive C reaction protein (hs-CRP)], blood vessels endothelial function indexes variation in patients before and after treatment were observed and detected.Results:Plasma Hcy, IL-6, IL-8 and hs-CRP levels in two groups of patients after treatment were significantly decreased comparing with the same group before treatment, and the above index levels in therapeutic group after treatment were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05);For comparison of blood vessels endothelial function indexes in the patients, NO levels in two groups after treatment were increased in various degrees, and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were decreased. The differences between levels of the two indexes in therapeutic group before and after treatment were significant, and levels after treatment in therapeutic group were significantly better than in control group (P<0.05). While variations of the differences in control group before and after treatment were not significant (P>0.05);After treatment, diastolic pressure and systolic pressure in the two groups of patients were significantly improved comparing with before treatment (P<0.05). However, after treatment, the differences of levels between therapeutic group and control group were not significant (P>0.05). MMSE score in therapeutic group after treatment was significantly higher than before treatment, and significantly higher than in control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Combined therapy of folic acid and vitamin B12 for treating vascular dementia with type H hypertension could effectively decrease plasma Hcy and inflammatory factor levels, and improve blood vessels endothelial function and dementia degree on patients. It has certain clinical value which deserves to be promoted.
基金Supported by the Foundation for Sci & Tech Research Project of Chongqing, China (2003)
文摘Objective: To estimate directly phagocytic functions of the macrophages because of the importance in innate immunity, determine blood vessel density and re-innervation density which are basis of function. Methods: Eighty adult Wistar rats were randonjy divided into experimental and control groups.The formers underwent splenotomy and a half splenie slice was transplanted into greater omentum. The latter only moved. After 6 months, examination was made as follows: ① After injection of 0.4% carbon particles by vein, spleme tissues were taken out at different times for estimating phagocytosis by light microscope. ② When splenic tissues had been intubated into left ventricle under total anesthesia, animals were perfused by formalin and India ink mixture suspension. Splenic tissues were taken out for making sections for measurement of area density of blood vessels.③ Immunohistochemical procedure was used for detecting neuropeptide Y(NPY). Results: Phagocytie functions had no difference between two groups, hut the area density of blood vessels and NPY-positive fibers re-dued (P<0.01) in experimental group. Conclusion:Autotransplanted splenic tissues show good innate immunity though regeneration of blood vessels and nerves do not reach normal level.
文摘Objective Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and its related ischemia reperfusion injury may cause endothelial cell injury. To study the protective effects of sodium ferulate in vascular endothelial function during CPB by testing the changes of vascular endothelial cell(CEC) ,nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in children with congenital heart disease. Methods Sixty patients
