Crassostrea gigas has good taste and high nutritional value;however,there are few assessments of comprehensive and panoramic analyses of the nutritional quality of the northern oyster.To study the nutritional characte...Crassostrea gigas has good taste and high nutritional value;however,there are few assessments of comprehensive and panoramic analyses of the nutritional quality of the northern oyster.To study the nutritional characteristics of C.gigas from different sources(ploidy,region,size,and culture mode),C.gigas from various ploidy(diploid and triploid),regions(Rushan,Off-site fattening,and Rongcheng),sizes(small,medium,and large)and culture modes(nearshore and offshore)were selected for comparative analyses.The nutritional components(moisture,protein,fat,and mineral),flavor substances(taste amino acids,nucleotides,and succinic acid),and functional indices(eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA),docosahexaenoic acid(DHA),and taurine)of C.gigas were determined.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to comprehensively evaluate the oysters and investigate the variations in nutritional quality.The PCA results indicate that protein,essential fatty acids,selenium,zinc,taste amino acids,taurine,EPA,and DHA were core components contributing to 82.25%of the cumulative variance,providing a more comprehensive reflection of the nutrient composition of C.gigas.The extensive quality rankings for the C.gigas were as follows:diploid>triploid,Rushan>fattening>Rongcheng,medium>large>small,and offshore>nearshore.The score rank revealed that diploid oysters of medium-size from Rushan demonstrated superior nutritional quality compared to other tested samples.This is the first comprehensive and systematic investigation of C.gigas in northern China to reveal the feature of nutrients,flavor,and functional components.The study provided data support for the culture,consumption,processing,research,and nutritional quality improvement of oyster industry.展开更多
The construction of spot electricity markets plays a pivotal role in power system reforms,where market clearing systems profoundly influence market efficiency and security.Current clearing systems predominantly adopt ...The construction of spot electricity markets plays a pivotal role in power system reforms,where market clearing systems profoundly influence market efficiency and security.Current clearing systems predominantly adopt a single-system architecture,with research focusing primarily on accelerating solution algorithms through techniques such as high-efficiency parallel solvers and staggered decomposition of mixed-integer programming models.Notably absent are systematic studies evaluating the adaptability of primary-backup clearing systems incontingency scenarios—a critical gap given redundant systems’expanding applications in operational environments.This paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation framework for analyzing dual-system adaptability,demonstrated through an in-depth case study of the Inner Mongolia power market.First,we establish the innovative“Dual-Active Heterogeneous”architecture that enables independent parallelized operation and fault-isolated redundancy.Subsequently,key performance indices are quantitatively evaluated across four critical dimensions:unit commitment decisions,generator output constraints,transmission section congestion patterns,and clearing price formation mechanisms.An integrated fuzzy evaluation methodology incorporating grey relational analysis is employed for objective indicator weighting,enabling systematic quantification of system superiority under specific grid operating states.Empirical results based on actual operational data from 200 generation units demonstrate the framework’s efficacy in guiding optimal system selection,with particularly strong performance observed during peak load periods.The proposed approach shows high generalization potential for other regional markets employing redundant clearing mechanisms—particularly those with increasing renewable penetration and associated uncertainty.展开更多
Natural gas hydrates(hereinafter referred to as hydrates)are a promising clean energy source.However,their current development is far from reaching commercial exploitation.Reservoir stimulation tech-nology provides ne...Natural gas hydrates(hereinafter referred to as hydrates)are a promising clean energy source.However,their current development is far from reaching commercial exploitation.Reservoir stimulation tech-nology provides new approaches to enhance hydrate development effectiveness.Addressing the current lack of quantitative and objective methods for evaluating the fracability of hydrate reservoirs,this study clarifies the relationship between geological and engineering fracability and proposes a comprehensive evaluation model for hydrate reservoir fracability based on grey relational analysis and the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation method.By integrating results from hydraulic fracturing experiments on hydrate sediments,the fracability of hydrate reservoirs is assessed.The concept of critical construction parameter curves for hydrate reservoirs is introduced for the first time.Additionally,two-dimensional fracability index evaluation charts and three-dimensional fracability construction condition discrimination charts are established.The results indicate that as the comprehensive fracability index increases,the feasibility of forming fractures in hydrate reservoirs improves,and the required normalized fracturing construction parameters gradually decrease.The accuracy rate of the charts in judging experimental results reached 89.74%,enabling quick evaluations of whether hydrate reservoirs are worth fracturing,easy to fracture,and capable of being fractured.This has significant engineering implications forthehydraulicfracturingof hydratereservoirs.展开更多
Aeroengines,often regarded as the heart of aircraft,are crucial for flight safety and performance.Comprehensive performance evaluation of aeroengines supports Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)and aeroengine digit...Aeroengines,often regarded as the heart of aircraft,are crucial for flight safety and performance.Comprehensive performance evaluation of aeroengines supports Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)and aeroengine digital engineering.Due to their highly integrated nature,aeroengines present challenges in performance evaluation because their test-run data are high-dimensional,large-scale,and exhibit strong nonlinear correlations among test indicators.To solve this problem,this study proposes a unified framework of the comprehensive performance evaluation of aeroengines to assess performance objectively and globally.Specifically,the network model and the dynamics model of aeroengine performance are constructed driven by test-run data,which can explain the patterns of system state changes and the internal relationship,and depict the system accurately.Based on that,three perturbations in the model are used to simulate three fault modes of aeroengines.Moreover,the comprehensive performance evaluation indexes of aeroengines are proposed to evaluate the performance dynamically from two dimensions,the coupling performance and the activity performance.Thirteen test-run qualified and four test-run failed aeroengines are used to validate and establish the qualified ranges.The results demonstrate that the comprehensive evaluation indexes can distinguish test-run qualified and test-run failed aeroengines.By changing the dynamic parameters,the comprehensive performance under any thrust and inlet guide vanes(IGV)angle can be estimated,broadening the test-run scenarios beyond a few typical states.This novel approach offers significant advancements for the comprehensive performance evaluation and management of aeroengines,paving the way for future PHM and aeroengine digital engineering developments.展开更多
[Objectives]To identify the drought resistance of main wheat varieties in Shandong Province and screen suitable cultivars for dryland cultivation.[Methods]Employing eight varieties including Jimai 60 as test materials...[Objectives]To identify the drought resistance of main wheat varieties in Shandong Province and screen suitable cultivars for dryland cultivation.[Methods]Employing eight varieties including Jimai 60 as test materials,this study simulated drought stress using 20%PEG-6000 and measured changes in germination-stage indicators.A comprehensive evaluation was conducted using the membership function method,incorporating relative coleoptile length,relative germ length,relative radicle length,relative germination rate,relative germination potential,and stress germination index.[Results]Drought stress not only reduced wheat seed germination rate but also inhibited the growth of the germ,coleoptile,and radicle.The D values of the eight varieties were ranked as follows:Jimai 60>Linmai 9>Yannong 999>Shannong 30>Shannong 28>Luyuan 502>Yannong 1212>Jimai 22.Based on D values,the eight dominant wheat varieties were classified into three categories:highly drought-resistant varieties(Linmai 9 and Jimai 60),moderately drought-resistant varieties(Yannong 999 and Shannong 30),and sensitive varieties(the others).Linmai 9 and Jimai 60 are recommended as suitable wheat varieties for dryland cultivation in Shandong Province.[Conclusions]Drought stress induced by 20%PEG-6000 reduced germination rate,germination potential,and germination index of wheat varieties while inhibiting the growth of coleoptiles and radicles.These indicators can provide a preliminary assessment of drought resistance in wheat cultivars.However,since filter paper was selected as the growth medium,root length measurement errors were introduced during root washing,leading to variations in final experimental results.Futuer studies could attempt using sterilized sand as an alternative growth medium.展开更多
The comprehensive status of blast furnaces was one of the most important factors affecting their economy,quality,and longev-ity.The blast furnace comprehensive status had the nature of“black box,”and it was“unpredi...The comprehensive status of blast furnaces was one of the most important factors affecting their economy,quality,and longev-ity.The blast furnace comprehensive status had the nature of“black box,”and it was“unpredictable.”In this study,a blast furnace com-prehensive status score and prediction method based on a cascade system and a combined model were proposed to address this issue.A dual cascade evaluation system was developed by integrating subjective and objective weighting methods.The analytic hierarchy process,coefficient of variation,entropy weight method,and impart combinatorial games were jointly employed to determine the optimal weight distribution across indicators.Categorized statuses(raw material,gas flow,furnace body,furnace cylinder,and iron-slag)were evaluated.Based on the five categories of the status data,the second cascade was applied to upgrade the quantitative evaluation of the comprehens-ive status.The weights of the different categories were 0.22,0.15,0.22,0.21,and 0.20,respectively.According to the data analysis,the results of the comprehensive status score closely matched the on-site production logs.Based on the blast furnace smelting period,the maximal information coefficient method was applied to the 100 parameters that were most relevant to the comprehensive status.A com-bined prediction model for a comprehensive status score was designed using bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)and categorical boosting(CatBoost).The test results indicated that the combined model reduced the mean absolute error by an average of 0.275 and increased the hit rate by an average of 5.65 percentage points compared to BiLSTM or CatBoost alone.When the er-ror range was±2.5,the combined model predicted a hit rate of 91.66%for the next hour’s comprehensive status score,and its high accur-acy was deemed satisfactory for the field.SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)and regression fitting were applied to analyze the lin-ear quantitative relationship between the key variables and the comprehensive status score.When the furnace bottom center temperature was increased by 10℃,the comprehensive status score increased by 0.44.This method contributes to a more precise management and control of the comprehensive status of the blast furnace on-site.展开更多
[Objectives]To elucidate the spatial variation characteristics and fertility status of soil nutrients in small-scale mountain tea gardens and to inform precise fertilization and nutrient management practices in these ...[Objectives]To elucidate the spatial variation characteristics and fertility status of soil nutrients in small-scale mountain tea gardens and to inform precise fertilization and nutrient management practices in these tea gardens.[Methods]Based on soil nutrient data collected from 72 sampling points in the tea garden in 2021,which covers an area of approximately 2.4 km^(2),the spatial variation characteristics were analyzed using geostatistical methods.Spatial distribution maps of soil pH,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium were generated employing the ordinary Kriging interpolation method in Surfer 23 software.Furthermore,a quantitative assessment of soil fertility was performed utilizing the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.[Results]The majority of the soil in the tea garden was acidic.The average values for pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium were 4.66,14.4 g/kg,0.9 g/kg,6.2 mg/kg,and 78.1 mg/kg,respectively.The pH exhibited the lowest coefficient of variation at 12.85%,indicating low variability.The coefficients of variation for organic matter,total nitrogen,and available potassium ranged from 31.94%to 49.88%,reflecting moderate variability.In contrast,the coefficient of variation for available phosphorus was 243.41%,indicating high variability.The distribution of soil pH and available phosphorus in the study area was relatively uniform.In contrast,total nitrogen content exhibited a spatial pattern characterized by higher concentrations in the western region and lower concentrations in the eastern region.Organic matter content displayed a spatial distribution pattern with lower values centrally and higher values along the periphery.The distribution of available potassium content was marked by several pronounced"elevations"and"depressions",with notably lower levels observed in the northeastern region of the garden.Total nitrogen and organic matter were the most significant contributors to the integrated fertility index(I_(IFI)),each with a weight value of 0.29,whereas pH had the lowest weight value of 0.14.The proportions of tea garden soils categorized under I_(IFI)grades I to V were 0.26%,69.55%,25.89%,4.30%,and 0.0022%,respectively.[Conclusions]It is recommended that the application of phosphorus fertilizer should be reduced in the study area,whereas the use of potassium fertilizer should be increased in the northeastern region.Additionally,the incorporation of organic and nitrogen fertilizers is advised to improve the soil s capacity for water and nutrient retention.展开更多
RNAs have important biological functions and the functions of RNAs are generally coupled to their structures, especiallytheir secondary structures. In this work, we have made a comprehensive evaluation of the performa...RNAs have important biological functions and the functions of RNAs are generally coupled to their structures, especiallytheir secondary structures. In this work, we have made a comprehensive evaluation of the performances of existingtop RNA secondary structure prediction methods, including five deep-learning (DL) based methods and five minimum freeenergy (MFE) based methods. First, we made a brief overview of these RNA secondary structure prediction methods.Afterwards, we built two rigorous test datasets consisting of RNAs with non-redundant sequences and comprehensivelyexamined the performances of the RNA secondary structure prediction methods through classifying the RNAs into differentlength ranges and different types. Our examination shows that the DL-based methods generally perform better thanthe MFE-based methods for RNAs with long lengths and complex structures, while the MFE-based methods can achievegood performance for small RNAs and some specialized MFE-based methods can achieve good prediction accuracy forpseudoknots. Finally, we provided some insights and perspectives in modeling RNA secondary structures.展开更多
To effectively select risk control schemes in uncertain environments,this paper has proposed an analysis and evaluation method based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Firstly,enterprises have adopted the br...To effectively select risk control schemes in uncertain environments,this paper has proposed an analysis and evaluation method based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Firstly,enterprises have adopted the brainstorming method and the Delphi method to identify risks in engineering projects,and organized the identified risks in the form of checklists to facilitate further analysis.Secondly,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory was introduced to determine the comparison matrix of each risk factor and its weight.Furthermore,the top five risk factors in terms of weight ranking were taken as the evaluation factors for the selection of risk control plans.The plans were scored through the weighted scoring method,and the optimal risk control plan was determined based on the score.Finally,the feasibility of the proposed selection technology was verified through A research example of the risk control plan assessment for the construction project of Enterprise A.展开更多
Through the investigation of the species of street trees located along the main urban roads in Hefei City,a total of 22 species were selected,belonging to 16 families and 22 genera,with the Sapindaceae family being th...Through the investigation of the species of street trees located along the main urban roads in Hefei City,a total of 22 species were selected,belonging to 16 families and 22 genera,with the Sapindaceae family being the most prevalent.In this study,the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)was employed to assess the comprehensive value of 22 species of street trees applied along the main urban roads in Hefei City.Fourteen evaluation criteria were selected from four categories:morphological indices,functional indices,resistance indices,and management indices,to develop a comprehensive evaluation model.Based on a composite score derived from 22 street trees,these trees were classified into three distinct grades.Grade I(L≥3.0)exhibited a high comprehensive application value in Hefei City and included 6 tree species,such asPlatanus.Grade II(2.5≤L<3.0)also demonstrated a high comprehensive application value,comprising 15 tree species,includingCatalpabungei.In contrast,grade III(L<2.5)indicated a general comprehensive application value,represented by a single species,Cedrusdeodara.The evaluation results can offer theoretical insights for the selection of urban street trees.展开更多
The buffer zone of a World Natural Heritage Site constitutes a critical element of the heritage site protection system.It not only functions as an ecological security barrier,but also significantly influences the visu...The buffer zone of a World Natural Heritage Site constitutes a critical element of the heritage site protection system.It not only functions as an ecological security barrier,but also significantly influences the visual integrity and aesthetic value of the core area’s landscape.Given the rapid development of transportation infrastructure,particularly the growing number of high-speed railways traversing ecologically sensitive regions,the scientific assessment of their impact on the landscape environment of heritage sites has emerged as a pivotal concern in heritage conservation and regional development.This study focused on the section of the Guiyang-Nanning High-Speed Railway that traverses the buffer zone of the Libo World Natural Heritage Site in Guizhou Province.Beginning with five primary indicators,including natural landscape and aesthetic value,geological geomorphology and Earth history value,biodiversity value,integrity and protection management,and impact on ecological environment,a visual landscape impact assessment system for high-speed railways was developed based on the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method(FCE).Through expert scoring,hierarchical weight calculation,and fuzzy membership degree analysis,a comprehensive assessment was conducted on the landscape ecological quality,visual coordination,and aesthetic perception within the buffer zone following the construction of high-speed railways.The findings indicate that the construction of the Guiyang-Nanning High-Speed Railway generally harmonizes well with the landscape environment of the heritage site.The level of visual disturbance remains within an acceptable range and has not significantly damaged the overall aesthetic value or authenticity of the heritage site.Although the integrity of the landscape in certain local areas has experienced a slight decline due to the exposure of bridge and slope structures,the adverse effects have been effectively mitigated through engineering interventions such as vegetation restoration and color coordination.This study innovatively integrates the AHP with fuzzy mathematics methods to achieve a comprehensive evaluation that combines both qualitative and quantitative approaches.This integration provides a scientifically grounded analytical path and a practical technical framework for assessing the visual impact of linear infrastructure projects,such as high-speed railways,within the buffer zones of World Heritage Sites.The findings offer valuable insights for the protection of landscapes and the sustainable development of infrastructure in heritage sites.展开更多
基金Supported by the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,YSFRI,CAFS(No.20603022024016)the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,CAFS(Nos.2023TD52,2023TD76)the earmarked fund for CARS(No.CARS-49)。
文摘Crassostrea gigas has good taste and high nutritional value;however,there are few assessments of comprehensive and panoramic analyses of the nutritional quality of the northern oyster.To study the nutritional characteristics of C.gigas from different sources(ploidy,region,size,and culture mode),C.gigas from various ploidy(diploid and triploid),regions(Rushan,Off-site fattening,and Rongcheng),sizes(small,medium,and large)and culture modes(nearshore and offshore)were selected for comparative analyses.The nutritional components(moisture,protein,fat,and mineral),flavor substances(taste amino acids,nucleotides,and succinic acid),and functional indices(eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA),docosahexaenoic acid(DHA),and taurine)of C.gigas were determined.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to comprehensively evaluate the oysters and investigate the variations in nutritional quality.The PCA results indicate that protein,essential fatty acids,selenium,zinc,taste amino acids,taurine,EPA,and DHA were core components contributing to 82.25%of the cumulative variance,providing a more comprehensive reflection of the nutrient composition of C.gigas.The extensive quality rankings for the C.gigas were as follows:diploid>triploid,Rushan>fattening>Rongcheng,medium>large>small,and offshore>nearshore.The score rank revealed that diploid oysters of medium-size from Rushan demonstrated superior nutritional quality compared to other tested samples.This is the first comprehensive and systematic investigation of C.gigas in northern China to reveal the feature of nutrients,flavor,and functional components.The study provided data support for the culture,consumption,processing,research,and nutritional quality improvement of oyster industry.
基金supported by NARI Relays Electric Co.,Ltd.under the Project“Research on Evaluation of Clearing Results and Switching Criteria for Primary-Backup Systems in Electricity SpotMarkets”(Project No.CGSQ240800443).
文摘The construction of spot electricity markets plays a pivotal role in power system reforms,where market clearing systems profoundly influence market efficiency and security.Current clearing systems predominantly adopt a single-system architecture,with research focusing primarily on accelerating solution algorithms through techniques such as high-efficiency parallel solvers and staggered decomposition of mixed-integer programming models.Notably absent are systematic studies evaluating the adaptability of primary-backup clearing systems incontingency scenarios—a critical gap given redundant systems’expanding applications in operational environments.This paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation framework for analyzing dual-system adaptability,demonstrated through an in-depth case study of the Inner Mongolia power market.First,we establish the innovative“Dual-Active Heterogeneous”architecture that enables independent parallelized operation and fault-isolated redundancy.Subsequently,key performance indices are quantitatively evaluated across four critical dimensions:unit commitment decisions,generator output constraints,transmission section congestion patterns,and clearing price formation mechanisms.An integrated fuzzy evaluation methodology incorporating grey relational analysis is employed for objective indicator weighting,enabling systematic quantification of system superiority under specific grid operating states.Empirical results based on actual operational data from 200 generation units demonstrate the framework’s efficacy in guiding optimal system selection,with particularly strong performance observed during peak load periods.The proposed approach shows high generalization potential for other regional markets employing redundant clearing mechanisms—particularly those with increasing renewable penetration and associated uncertainty.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52074332).
文摘Natural gas hydrates(hereinafter referred to as hydrates)are a promising clean energy source.However,their current development is far from reaching commercial exploitation.Reservoir stimulation tech-nology provides new approaches to enhance hydrate development effectiveness.Addressing the current lack of quantitative and objective methods for evaluating the fracability of hydrate reservoirs,this study clarifies the relationship between geological and engineering fracability and proposes a comprehensive evaluation model for hydrate reservoir fracability based on grey relational analysis and the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation method.By integrating results from hydraulic fracturing experiments on hydrate sediments,the fracability of hydrate reservoirs is assessed.The concept of critical construction parameter curves for hydrate reservoirs is introduced for the first time.Additionally,two-dimensional fracability index evaluation charts and three-dimensional fracability construction condition discrimination charts are established.The results indicate that as the comprehensive fracability index increases,the feasibility of forming fractures in hydrate reservoirs improves,and the required normalized fracturing construction parameters gradually decrease.The accuracy rate of the charts in judging experimental results reached 89.74%,enabling quick evaluations of whether hydrate reservoirs are worth fracturing,easy to fracture,and capable of being fractured.This has significant engineering implications forthehydraulicfracturingof hydratereservoirs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(72231008,72171193,and 72071153)the Science and Technology Innovation Group Program of Shaanxi Province(2024RS-CXTD-28)the Open Fund of Intelligent Control Laboratory(ICL-2023-0304).
文摘Aeroengines,often regarded as the heart of aircraft,are crucial for flight safety and performance.Comprehensive performance evaluation of aeroengines supports Prognostics and Health Management(PHM)and aeroengine digital engineering.Due to their highly integrated nature,aeroengines present challenges in performance evaluation because their test-run data are high-dimensional,large-scale,and exhibit strong nonlinear correlations among test indicators.To solve this problem,this study proposes a unified framework of the comprehensive performance evaluation of aeroengines to assess performance objectively and globally.Specifically,the network model and the dynamics model of aeroengine performance are constructed driven by test-run data,which can explain the patterns of system state changes and the internal relationship,and depict the system accurately.Based on that,three perturbations in the model are used to simulate three fault modes of aeroengines.Moreover,the comprehensive performance evaluation indexes of aeroengines are proposed to evaluate the performance dynamically from two dimensions,the coupling performance and the activity performance.Thirteen test-run qualified and four test-run failed aeroengines are used to validate and establish the qualified ranges.The results demonstrate that the comprehensive evaluation indexes can distinguish test-run qualified and test-run failed aeroengines.By changing the dynamic parameters,the comprehensive performance under any thrust and inlet guide vanes(IGV)angle can be estimated,broadening the test-run scenarios beyond a few typical states.This novel approach offers significant advancements for the comprehensive performance evaluation and management of aeroengines,paving the way for future PHM and aeroengine digital engineering developments.
基金Supported by National Wheat Industry Technology System"Linyi Integrated Experimental Station"(CARS-03-66)Shandong Provincial Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System"Linyi Integrated Experimental Station"(SDATT-01-18).
文摘[Objectives]To identify the drought resistance of main wheat varieties in Shandong Province and screen suitable cultivars for dryland cultivation.[Methods]Employing eight varieties including Jimai 60 as test materials,this study simulated drought stress using 20%PEG-6000 and measured changes in germination-stage indicators.A comprehensive evaluation was conducted using the membership function method,incorporating relative coleoptile length,relative germ length,relative radicle length,relative germination rate,relative germination potential,and stress germination index.[Results]Drought stress not only reduced wheat seed germination rate but also inhibited the growth of the germ,coleoptile,and radicle.The D values of the eight varieties were ranked as follows:Jimai 60>Linmai 9>Yannong 999>Shannong 30>Shannong 28>Luyuan 502>Yannong 1212>Jimai 22.Based on D values,the eight dominant wheat varieties were classified into three categories:highly drought-resistant varieties(Linmai 9 and Jimai 60),moderately drought-resistant varieties(Yannong 999 and Shannong 30),and sensitive varieties(the others).Linmai 9 and Jimai 60 are recommended as suitable wheat varieties for dryland cultivation in Shandong Province.[Conclusions]Drought stress induced by 20%PEG-6000 reduced germination rate,germination potential,and germination index of wheat varieties while inhibiting the growth of coleoptiles and radicles.These indicators can provide a preliminary assessment of drought resistance in wheat cultivars.However,since filter paper was selected as the growth medium,root length measurement errors were introduced during root washing,leading to variations in final experimental results.Futuer studies could attempt using sterilized sand as an alternative growth medium.
基金supported by the Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52404343)the General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52274326)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.N2425031)the Seventh Batch of Ten Thousand Talents Plan of China(No.ZX20220553)the Liaoning Province Science and Technology Plan Joint Program,China(Key Research and Development Program Project)(No.2023JH2/101800058).
文摘The comprehensive status of blast furnaces was one of the most important factors affecting their economy,quality,and longev-ity.The blast furnace comprehensive status had the nature of“black box,”and it was“unpredictable.”In this study,a blast furnace com-prehensive status score and prediction method based on a cascade system and a combined model were proposed to address this issue.A dual cascade evaluation system was developed by integrating subjective and objective weighting methods.The analytic hierarchy process,coefficient of variation,entropy weight method,and impart combinatorial games were jointly employed to determine the optimal weight distribution across indicators.Categorized statuses(raw material,gas flow,furnace body,furnace cylinder,and iron-slag)were evaluated.Based on the five categories of the status data,the second cascade was applied to upgrade the quantitative evaluation of the comprehens-ive status.The weights of the different categories were 0.22,0.15,0.22,0.21,and 0.20,respectively.According to the data analysis,the results of the comprehensive status score closely matched the on-site production logs.Based on the blast furnace smelting period,the maximal information coefficient method was applied to the 100 parameters that were most relevant to the comprehensive status.A com-bined prediction model for a comprehensive status score was designed using bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)and categorical boosting(CatBoost).The test results indicated that the combined model reduced the mean absolute error by an average of 0.275 and increased the hit rate by an average of 5.65 percentage points compared to BiLSTM or CatBoost alone.When the er-ror range was±2.5,the combined model predicted a hit rate of 91.66%for the next hour’s comprehensive status score,and its high accur-acy was deemed satisfactory for the field.SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)and regression fitting were applied to analyze the lin-ear quantitative relationship between the key variables and the comprehensive status score.When the furnace bottom center temperature was increased by 10℃,the comprehensive status score increased by 0.44.This method contributes to a more precise management and control of the comprehensive status of the blast furnace on-site.
基金Supported by Chongqing Municipal Key Projects for Technological Innovation and Application Development(cstc2019jscx-gksbX0092).
文摘[Objectives]To elucidate the spatial variation characteristics and fertility status of soil nutrients in small-scale mountain tea gardens and to inform precise fertilization and nutrient management practices in these tea gardens.[Methods]Based on soil nutrient data collected from 72 sampling points in the tea garden in 2021,which covers an area of approximately 2.4 km^(2),the spatial variation characteristics were analyzed using geostatistical methods.Spatial distribution maps of soil pH,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium were generated employing the ordinary Kriging interpolation method in Surfer 23 software.Furthermore,a quantitative assessment of soil fertility was performed utilizing the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.[Results]The majority of the soil in the tea garden was acidic.The average values for pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium were 4.66,14.4 g/kg,0.9 g/kg,6.2 mg/kg,and 78.1 mg/kg,respectively.The pH exhibited the lowest coefficient of variation at 12.85%,indicating low variability.The coefficients of variation for organic matter,total nitrogen,and available potassium ranged from 31.94%to 49.88%,reflecting moderate variability.In contrast,the coefficient of variation for available phosphorus was 243.41%,indicating high variability.The distribution of soil pH and available phosphorus in the study area was relatively uniform.In contrast,total nitrogen content exhibited a spatial pattern characterized by higher concentrations in the western region and lower concentrations in the eastern region.Organic matter content displayed a spatial distribution pattern with lower values centrally and higher values along the periphery.The distribution of available potassium content was marked by several pronounced"elevations"and"depressions",with notably lower levels observed in the northeastern region of the garden.Total nitrogen and organic matter were the most significant contributors to the integrated fertility index(I_(IFI)),each with a weight value of 0.29,whereas pH had the lowest weight value of 0.14.The proportions of tea garden soils categorized under I_(IFI)grades I to V were 0.26%,69.55%,25.89%,4.30%,and 0.0022%,respectively.[Conclusions]It is recommended that the application of phosphorus fertilizer should be reduced in the study area,whereas the use of potassium fertilizer should be increased in the northeastern region.Additionally,the incorporation of organic and nitrogen fertilizers is advised to improve the soil s capacity for water and nutrient retention.
基金supported by grants from the National Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12375038 and 12075171 to ZJT,and 12205223 to YLT).
文摘RNAs have important biological functions and the functions of RNAs are generally coupled to their structures, especiallytheir secondary structures. In this work, we have made a comprehensive evaluation of the performances of existingtop RNA secondary structure prediction methods, including five deep-learning (DL) based methods and five minimum freeenergy (MFE) based methods. First, we made a brief overview of these RNA secondary structure prediction methods.Afterwards, we built two rigorous test datasets consisting of RNAs with non-redundant sequences and comprehensivelyexamined the performances of the RNA secondary structure prediction methods through classifying the RNAs into differentlength ranges and different types. Our examination shows that the DL-based methods generally perform better thanthe MFE-based methods for RNAs with long lengths and complex structures, while the MFE-based methods can achievegood performance for small RNAs and some specialized MFE-based methods can achieve good prediction accuracy forpseudoknots. Finally, we provided some insights and perspectives in modeling RNA secondary structures.
文摘To effectively select risk control schemes in uncertain environments,this paper has proposed an analysis and evaluation method based on the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.Firstly,enterprises have adopted the brainstorming method and the Delphi method to identify risks in engineering projects,and organized the identified risks in the form of checklists to facilitate further analysis.Secondly,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory was introduced to determine the comparison matrix of each risk factor and its weight.Furthermore,the top five risk factors in terms of weight ranking were taken as the evaluation factors for the selection of risk control plans.The plans were scored through the weighted scoring method,and the optimal risk control plan was determined based on the score.Finally,the feasibility of the proposed selection technology was verified through A research example of the risk control plan assessment for the construction project of Enterprise A.
基金Sponsored by Provincial-level Undergraduate Innovation Training Program of Anhui Xinhua University(S202312216043)Natural Science Key Research Program for Colleges and Universities in Anhui Province(2023AH051816)Anhui General Teaching Research Project(2022jyxm665).
文摘Through the investigation of the species of street trees located along the main urban roads in Hefei City,a total of 22 species were selected,belonging to 16 families and 22 genera,with the Sapindaceae family being the most prevalent.In this study,the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)was employed to assess the comprehensive value of 22 species of street trees applied along the main urban roads in Hefei City.Fourteen evaluation criteria were selected from four categories:morphological indices,functional indices,resistance indices,and management indices,to develop a comprehensive evaluation model.Based on a composite score derived from 22 street trees,these trees were classified into three distinct grades.Grade I(L≥3.0)exhibited a high comprehensive application value in Hefei City and included 6 tree species,such asPlatanus.Grade II(2.5≤L<3.0)also demonstrated a high comprehensive application value,comprising 15 tree species,includingCatalpabungei.In contrast,grade III(L<2.5)indicated a general comprehensive application value,represented by a single species,Cedrusdeodara.The evaluation results can offer theoretical insights for the selection of urban street trees.
基金Sponsored by Guizhou Provincial Key Technology R&D Program“A Study on the Conservation Model with Technology and Sustainable Development Demonstration of the World Natural Heritages in Guizhou”(2202023 QKHZC)the China Overseas Expertise Introduction Project for Discipline Innovation(China 111 Project)(D17016).
文摘The buffer zone of a World Natural Heritage Site constitutes a critical element of the heritage site protection system.It not only functions as an ecological security barrier,but also significantly influences the visual integrity and aesthetic value of the core area’s landscape.Given the rapid development of transportation infrastructure,particularly the growing number of high-speed railways traversing ecologically sensitive regions,the scientific assessment of their impact on the landscape environment of heritage sites has emerged as a pivotal concern in heritage conservation and regional development.This study focused on the section of the Guiyang-Nanning High-Speed Railway that traverses the buffer zone of the Libo World Natural Heritage Site in Guizhou Province.Beginning with five primary indicators,including natural landscape and aesthetic value,geological geomorphology and Earth history value,biodiversity value,integrity and protection management,and impact on ecological environment,a visual landscape impact assessment system for high-speed railways was developed based on the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method(FCE).Through expert scoring,hierarchical weight calculation,and fuzzy membership degree analysis,a comprehensive assessment was conducted on the landscape ecological quality,visual coordination,and aesthetic perception within the buffer zone following the construction of high-speed railways.The findings indicate that the construction of the Guiyang-Nanning High-Speed Railway generally harmonizes well with the landscape environment of the heritage site.The level of visual disturbance remains within an acceptable range and has not significantly damaged the overall aesthetic value or authenticity of the heritage site.Although the integrity of the landscape in certain local areas has experienced a slight decline due to the exposure of bridge and slope structures,the adverse effects have been effectively mitigated through engineering interventions such as vegetation restoration and color coordination.This study innovatively integrates the AHP with fuzzy mathematics methods to achieve a comprehensive evaluation that combines both qualitative and quantitative approaches.This integration provides a scientifically grounded analytical path and a practical technical framework for assessing the visual impact of linear infrastructure projects,such as high-speed railways,within the buffer zones of World Heritage Sites.The findings offer valuable insights for the protection of landscapes and the sustainable development of infrastructure in heritage sites.
