Initial value sensitivity in technology diffusion, an important problem for firms＇ decision making such as the timing and target market chosen for new technology or product entering the market, has long been limited ...Initial value sensitivity in technology diffusion, an important problem for firms＇ decision making such as the timing and target market chosen for new technology or product entering the market, has long been limited by the research methodology and tool. Based on the network extension of Bass model, this paper proposes a stochastic threshold model and uses computer simulation to empirically examine three propositions on initial value sensitivity in technology diffusion process. Our findings suggest that diffusion extent is sensitive to not only the number of initial adopters but also their positions in social network, and the variance of customers＇ initial assessment as well, which can be detailed as follows： （1） the degree of technology diffusion exhibits highly positive relation to initial adopter quantity, in particular, when the quantity of initial adopters is small, diffusion extent is very sensitive; （2） diffusion extent is sensitive to the positions of initial adopters; （3） in addition, the variance of customers＇ initial evaluation displays strong negative relation to the final diffusion degree in that the larger variance, the lower of diffusion extent.展开更多
The crowdsourced OpenStreetMap mapping platform is utilized by countless stakeholders worldwide for various purposes and applications.Individuals,researchers,governments,commercial,and humanitarian organizations,in ad...The crowdsourced OpenStreetMap mapping platform is utilized by countless stakeholders worldwide for various purposes and applications.Individuals,researchers,governments,commercial,and humanitarian organizations,in addition to the engineers,professionals,and technical developers,use OpenStreetMap both as data contributors and consumers.The storage,usage,and integration of volunteered geographical data in software applications often create complex ethical dilemmas and values regarding the relationships between different categories of stakeholders.It is therefore common for moral preferences of stakeholders to be neglected.This paper investigates the integration of ethical values in OpenStreetMap using the value sensitive design methodology that examines technical,empirical,and conceptual aspects at each design stage.We use the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team,an existing volunteered geographic information initiative,as a case study.Our investigation shows that although OpenStreetMap does integrate ethical values in its organizational structure,a deeper understanding of its direct and indirect stakeholders’perspectives is still required.This study is expected to assist organizations that contribute to or use OpenStreetMap in recognizing and preserving existing and important ethical values.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first attempt to evaluate ethical values methodically and comprehensively in the design process of the OpenStreetMap platform.展开更多
Based on the value sensitivity of options to underlying and corresponding treaty clauses, this paper poses a measuring method of path dependence intensity, which breaks the setup where the path dependence intensity is...Based on the value sensitivity of options to underlying and corresponding treaty clauses, this paper poses a measuring method of path dependence intensity, which breaks the setup where the path dependence intensity is only classified roughly and which becomes a deep study on path-dependent options. Then, its feasibility, instructions, and application to compare the path dependence intensity of sorts of options will be discussed.展开更多
Most of the data publishing methods have not considered sensitivity protection,and hence the adversary can disclose privacy by sensitivity attack.Faced with this problem,this paper presents a medical data publishing m...Most of the data publishing methods have not considered sensitivity protection,and hence the adversary can disclose privacy by sensitivity attack.Faced with this problem,this paper presents a medical data publishing method based on sensitivity determination.To protect the sensitivity,the sensitivity of disease information is determined by semantics.To seek the trade-off between information utility and privacy security,the new method focusses on the protection of sensitive values with high sensitivity and assigns the highly sensitive disease information to groups as evenly as possible.The experiments are conducted on two real-world datasets,of which the records include various attributes of patients.To measure sensitivity protection,the authors define a metric,which can evaluate the degree of sensitivity disclosure.Besides,additional information loss and discernability metrics are used to measure the availability of released tables.The experimental results indicate that the new method can provide better privacy than the traditional one while the information utility is guaranteed.Besides value protection,the proposed method can provide sensitivity protection and available releasing for medical data.展开更多
I reflect upon the development of nonlinear time series analysis since 1990 by focusing on five major areas of development. These areas include the interface between nonlinear time series analysis and chaos, the nonpa...I reflect upon the development of nonlinear time series analysis since 1990 by focusing on five major areas of development. These areas include the interface between nonlinear time series analysis and chaos, the nonparametric/semiparametric approach, nonlinear state space modelling, financial time series and nonlinear modelling of panels of time series.展开更多
While scholars involved in studying the ethics and politics flowing from digital information and communication systems have sought to impact the design and deployment of digital technologies,the fast pace and iterativ...While scholars involved in studying the ethics and politics flowing from digital information and communication systems have sought to impact the design and deployment of digital technologies,the fast pace and iterative tempo of technical development in these contexts,and the lack of structured engagement with sociotechnical questions,have been major barriers to ensuring values are considered explicitly in the R&D process.Here I introduce Apologos,a lightweight design methodology informed by the author’s experience of the challenges and opportunities of interdisciplinary collaboration between computational and social sciences over a five-year period.Apologos,which is inspired by“design apologetics”,is intended as an initial mechanism to introduce technologists to the process of considering how human values impact the digital design process.展开更多
文摘Initial value sensitivity in technology diffusion, an important problem for firms＇ decision making such as the timing and target market chosen for new technology or product entering the market, has long been limited by the research methodology and tool. Based on the network extension of Bass model, this paper proposes a stochastic threshold model and uses computer simulation to empirically examine three propositions on initial value sensitivity in technology diffusion process. Our findings suggest that diffusion extent is sensitive to not only the number of initial adopters but also their positions in social network, and the variance of customers＇ initial assessment as well, which can be detailed as follows： （1） the degree of technology diffusion exhibits highly positive relation to initial adopter quantity, in particular, when the quantity of initial adopters is small, diffusion extent is very sensitive; （2） diffusion extent is sensitive to the positions of initial adopters; （3） in addition, the variance of customers＇ initial evaluation displays strong negative relation to the final diffusion degree in that the larger variance, the lower of diffusion extent.
文摘The crowdsourced OpenStreetMap mapping platform is utilized by countless stakeholders worldwide for various purposes and applications.Individuals,researchers,governments,commercial,and humanitarian organizations,in addition to the engineers,professionals,and technical developers,use OpenStreetMap both as data contributors and consumers.The storage,usage,and integration of volunteered geographical data in software applications often create complex ethical dilemmas and values regarding the relationships between different categories of stakeholders.It is therefore common for moral preferences of stakeholders to be neglected.This paper investigates the integration of ethical values in OpenStreetMap using the value sensitive design methodology that examines technical,empirical,and conceptual aspects at each design stage.We use the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team,an existing volunteered geographic information initiative,as a case study.Our investigation shows that although OpenStreetMap does integrate ethical values in its organizational structure,a deeper understanding of its direct and indirect stakeholders’perspectives is still required.This study is expected to assist organizations that contribute to or use OpenStreetMap in recognizing and preserving existing and important ethical values.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first attempt to evaluate ethical values methodically and comprehensively in the design process of the OpenStreetMap platform.
文摘Based on the value sensitivity of options to underlying and corresponding treaty clauses, this paper poses a measuring method of path dependence intensity, which breaks the setup where the path dependence intensity is only classified roughly and which becomes a deep study on path-dependent options. Then, its feasibility, instructions, and application to compare the path dependence intensity of sorts of options will be discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62062016)Doctoral research start‐up fund of Guangxi Normal University(RZ1900006676)Guangxi project of improving Middleaged/Young teachers'ability(No.2020KY020323)。
文摘Most of the data publishing methods have not considered sensitivity protection,and hence the adversary can disclose privacy by sensitivity attack.Faced with this problem,this paper presents a medical data publishing method based on sensitivity determination.To protect the sensitivity,the sensitivity of disease information is determined by semantics.To seek the trade-off between information utility and privacy security,the new method focusses on the protection of sensitive values with high sensitivity and assigns the highly sensitive disease information to groups as evenly as possible.The experiments are conducted on two real-world datasets,of which the records include various attributes of patients.To measure sensitivity protection,the authors define a metric,which can evaluate the degree of sensitivity disclosure.Besides,additional information loss and discernability metrics are used to measure the availability of released tables.The experimental results indicate that the new method can provide better privacy than the traditional one while the information utility is guaranteed.Besides value protection,the proposed method can provide sensitivity protection and available releasing for medical data.
基金Supported by Biological & Biotechnology Research Council and the Engineering & Physical Science Research Council of the United Kingdom,and by the Research Grant Council of Hong Kong.
文摘I reflect upon the development of nonlinear time series analysis since 1990 by focusing on five major areas of development. These areas include the interface between nonlinear time series analysis and chaos, the nonparametric/semiparametric approach, nonlinear state space modelling, financial time series and nonlinear modelling of panels of time series.
文摘While scholars involved in studying the ethics and politics flowing from digital information and communication systems have sought to impact the design and deployment of digital technologies,the fast pace and iterative tempo of technical development in these contexts,and the lack of structured engagement with sociotechnical questions,have been major barriers to ensuring values are considered explicitly in the R&D process.Here I introduce Apologos,a lightweight design methodology informed by the author’s experience of the challenges and opportunities of interdisciplinary collaboration between computational and social sciences over a five-year period.Apologos,which is inspired by“design apologetics”,is intended as an initial mechanism to introduce technologists to the process of considering how human values impact the digital design process.
