A transport infrastructure is not only a trip provision system but a public facility that generates value for companies and for the society through expanding markets or developing cities, creating another perspective ...A transport infrastructure is not only a trip provision system but a public facility that generates value for companies and for the society through expanding markets or developing cities, creating another perspective for new investments, as well as its own financing. According to this perspective, the financial earnings resulting from the implementation of transport infrastructure can be captured for its own investment. Given the restrictions of society indebtedness, due to social inequalities, scarcity of resources and insufficient fare collection, with the current financial model for public transport infrastructures, the value capture configures as a strategy to be explored to obtain resources. This paper presents the concept of value capture and its connection and relevance with transport infrastructure financing strategies. Applied to the evaluation of the impacts on the surrounding regions of one of the most significant Brazilian transport projects, the improvement and expansion of Belo Horizonte＇s metro, the provided value capture outcomes open more realistic perspectives for greater engagement of the Public Sector in such projects.展开更多
Marine fisheries catches have significant economic,social,and cultural importance for coastal communities and nations worldwide.In addition to overfishing and predation,oceanic conditions linked to climate variability...Marine fisheries catches have significant economic,social,and cultural importance for coastal communities and nations worldwide.In addition to overfishing and predation,oceanic conditions linked to climate variability profoundly affect catches of oceanic fish species.Based on the fishery data from the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)of the United Nations and multiple physical and biogeochemical datasets,we examined the correlation between major modes of climate variability at high and low frequency and multiple key fish species in five major fishing grounds worldwide.The results reveal that over 80%of selected key fish species have declined over the past five decades,with more than 50%transitioning from an increasing to a decreasing trend in the 1990 s.Additionally,over 80%of fish species directly correlate with low-frequency climate indices,including Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO),Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation(AMO)and tropical southern Atlantic(TSA).However,less than 40%of fish species exhibit a direct association with high-frequency climate indices of El Niño Southern Oscillation(ENSO),North Atlantic Ocean(NAO),and Atlantic Niño(ATL 3).Synthetic analysis on the Sea Surface Temperature(SST),Mixed Layer Depth(MLD)and chlorophyll a revealed that shifts in the low-frequency climate can directly affect the habitats of numerous fish species,and subsequently influence their fishing yields.Specially,negative SST anomalies and positive chlorophyll-a anomalies were observed during a positive phase of PDO in the central and western Pacific regions,resulting in an increased catch values of Alaska pollock,Pacific sardine,and Chilean jack mackerel.Similar changes occur in positive and negative phases of other low frequency indices.Our research offered a comprehensive perspective on oceanic fish catch responses to climate change,serving as a guide for formulating effective management strategies for marine fish resources.展开更多
This study assesses the value capture of a result-oriented Product-Service System offer that constitutes a post-harvest solution.Applying the reinforcement learning reward system and general linear models,we identifie...This study assesses the value capture of a result-oriented Product-Service System offer that constitutes a post-harvest solution.Applying the reinforcement learning reward system and general linear models,we identified the Brazilian farmer’s propensities to choose different products and services from the proposed system.Reinforcement learning enables one to understand the choice process by rewarding the attributes selected and applying penalties to those not chosen.Regarding product options,farmers’most valued attributes were extended capacity,fixed installation,automatic dryer,and CO_(2)emission control,considering the investigated system.Regarding service options,the farmers opted for maintenance plans,performance reports,no photovoltaic energy,and purchase over the rental modality.These results assist managers through a reward learning system that constantly updates the value assigned by farmers to product and service attributes.They allow real-time visualization of changes in farmers’preferences regarding the product-service system configurations.展开更多
文摘A transport infrastructure is not only a trip provision system but a public facility that generates value for companies and for the society through expanding markets or developing cities, creating another perspective for new investments, as well as its own financing. According to this perspective, the financial earnings resulting from the implementation of transport infrastructure can be captured for its own investment. Given the restrictions of society indebtedness, due to social inequalities, scarcity of resources and insufficient fare collection, with the current financial model for public transport infrastructures, the value capture configures as a strategy to be explored to obtain resources. This paper presents the concept of value capture and its connection and relevance with transport infrastructure financing strategies. Applied to the evaluation of the impacts on the surrounding regions of one of the most significant Brazilian transport projects, the improvement and expansion of Belo Horizonte＇s metro, the provided value capture outcomes open more realistic perspectives for greater engagement of the Public Sector in such projects.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023 YFF 0805500)the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)(No.SML 2023 SP 219)supported by the High Performance Computing Division and HPC managers of Wei ZHOU and Dandan SUI in the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology。
文摘Marine fisheries catches have significant economic,social,and cultural importance for coastal communities and nations worldwide.In addition to overfishing and predation,oceanic conditions linked to climate variability profoundly affect catches of oceanic fish species.Based on the fishery data from the Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO)of the United Nations and multiple physical and biogeochemical datasets,we examined the correlation between major modes of climate variability at high and low frequency and multiple key fish species in five major fishing grounds worldwide.The results reveal that over 80%of selected key fish species have declined over the past five decades,with more than 50%transitioning from an increasing to a decreasing trend in the 1990 s.Additionally,over 80%of fish species directly correlate with low-frequency climate indices,including Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO),Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation(AMO)and tropical southern Atlantic(TSA).However,less than 40%of fish species exhibit a direct association with high-frequency climate indices of El Niño Southern Oscillation(ENSO),North Atlantic Ocean(NAO),and Atlantic Niño(ATL 3).Synthetic analysis on the Sea Surface Temperature(SST),Mixed Layer Depth(MLD)and chlorophyll a revealed that shifts in the low-frequency climate can directly affect the habitats of numerous fish species,and subsequently influence their fishing yields.Specially,negative SST anomalies and positive chlorophyll-a anomalies were observed during a positive phase of PDO in the central and western Pacific regions,resulting in an increased catch values of Alaska pollock,Pacific sardine,and Chilean jack mackerel.Similar changes occur in positive and negative phases of other low frequency indices.Our research offered a comprehensive perspective on oceanic fish catch responses to climate change,serving as a guide for formulating effective management strategies for marine fish resources.
文摘This study assesses the value capture of a result-oriented Product-Service System offer that constitutes a post-harvest solution.Applying the reinforcement learning reward system and general linear models,we identified the Brazilian farmer’s propensities to choose different products and services from the proposed system.Reinforcement learning enables one to understand the choice process by rewarding the attributes selected and applying penalties to those not chosen.Regarding product options,farmers’most valued attributes were extended capacity,fixed installation,automatic dryer,and CO_(2)emission control,considering the investigated system.Regarding service options,the farmers opted for maintenance plans,performance reports,no photovoltaic energy,and purchase over the rental modality.These results assist managers through a reward learning system that constantly updates the value assigned by farmers to product and service attributes.They allow real-time visualization of changes in farmers’preferences regarding the product-service system configurations.
