Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is considered a foundation for good health and longevity. The variable, VO2max, is considered a reliable measure of cardiorespiratory health. The measurement of VO2max is stressful and ...Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is considered a foundation for good health and longevity. The variable, VO2max, is considered a reliable measure of cardiorespiratory health. The measurement of VO2max is stressful and is not a common practice, thus, it is desirable to relate VO2max to other variables including age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), and physical activity. Mathematical models are presented to relate VO2max to age, gender, BMI, body fat percentage, and aerobic exercise. Predictions match well with measured VO2max data published in the literature. The robust models are stable for all boundary conditions including young adults to old age and lower sedentary to Olympic-trained levels of relative fitness for both male and female applications. The relationship may be especially helpful for older people who are dealing with elevated values of BMI. The models build on two levels of relative fitness (sedentary and endurance-trained) and boundary conditions of Olympic-trained athletes and lower sedentary conditions. Thus, the model responds to a full range of fitness conditions. Four equations are provided: one with relative fitness related to distance walked or ran each week, one using BMI to estimate relative fitness, and two using both BMI and BFP to estimate relative fitness (one interacting with age). An equation is also provided to evaluate the dynamic change in relative fitness using input of distance walked or ran each day, which can be estimated by a smart watch. The equation that only uses age, gender, and BMI as inputs overestimates VO2max for people with low BMI and who are physically inactive. This weakness is partially overcome by adding BFP as a variable when available. The most accurate equation is the one that uses distance walked or ran each day to estimate relative fitness based on the individual’s physical activity. Unfortunately, this method requires the individual to keep track of their physical activity daily. Relative fitness may be a more appropriate variable than VO2max to indicate fitness because it is independent of age.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether eight weeks of aerobic high-intensity interval training with roller ski is effective in cross-country skiers. 10 male （age, 18.28 ± 2.1 years; height, 171.26 ...The purpose of this study was to investigate whether eight weeks of aerobic high-intensity interval training with roller ski is effective in cross-country skiers. 10 male （age, 18.28 ± 2.1 years; height, 171.26 ± 4.12 cm; weight 61.39 ± 6.28 kg） and 8 female （age, 16.05 ± 0.3 years; height, 158.3 ± 6.47 cm; weight, 49.34 ± 0.7 kg） junior cross country skiers completed the study. All skiers performed a 2 × 2-kin all-out uphill intervals with roller-skis, 3 times a week, in addition to their traditional training program. Measurements included VO2max （maximal oxygen uptake）, anaerobic power, and also for 2-km roller ski. All values were listed as pre-to post-test mean （± SD）, significant level, and percentage changes （%）. Pre-to post-testing changes in VO2max, anaerobic power, and also 2-kin roller ski performance were significantly higher during all post-test trials in all groups （P 〈 0.005）. With reference to the training effects found in our study, we suggest that the skiers should integrate the roller ski aerobic high-intensity interval uphill models in their training programs for improving performance.展开更多
目的:客观评价第三套全国中小学生系列广播体操的运动负荷。方法:在北京市朝阳区四所中小学中随机抽取120名学生作为受试者,每所学校30名,男女各半。受试学生分别完成第三套全国中小学生广播体操放飞理想、舞动青春、七彩阳光和希望风...目的:客观评价第三套全国中小学生系列广播体操的运动负荷。方法:在北京市朝阳区四所中小学中随机抽取120名学生作为受试者,每所学校30名,男女各半。受试学生分别完成第三套全国中小学生广播体操放飞理想、舞动青春、七彩阳光和希望风帆系列中的一套操。四套广播体操的平均运动时间是268.3±4.3秒。受试学生的检测包括2个步骤:(1)VO2max和HRmax的检测。采用功率自行车递增负荷运动方案,使用Fitmate Pro Kit心肺功能测试评价系统;(2)完成广播体操运动过程中VO2、HR和RPE等指标的检测。在受试学生完成本套广播体操运动过程中,检测完成每一节操后即刻以及运动前和运动后3分钟、5分钟的VO2、HR和RPE。结果:不同年龄阶段的男女中小学生在完成第三套全国中小学生系列广播体操运动过程中,%VO2max的变化趋势基本一致。安静站立时的%VO2max最低,约在10%～20%之间,随着广播体操运动的开始和进行,%VO2max逐渐增加,峰值达到60%～80%的水平,然后下降,形成一个单峰变化特点;男女学生完成四套广播体操运动过程中%VO2max平均值在30%～45%之间。受试学生完成本套广播体操运动过程中%HRmax和RPE变化与%VO2max的变化相似,%HRmax峰值达到70%～90%,平均值60%～72%;RPE峰值达到12～14,平均值在8～10之间;RPE与%VO2max、%HRmax的相关系数分别是r=0.45(P<0.01)和r=0.31(P<0.01)。结论:第三套全国中小学生系列广播体操的运动强度呈波动变化,其最大运动强度达到亚极量,但持续时间较短。总体上,本套广播体操运动负荷属于低到中等,适合中小学生健身运动。展开更多
文摘Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is considered a foundation for good health and longevity. The variable, VO2max, is considered a reliable measure of cardiorespiratory health. The measurement of VO2max is stressful and is not a common practice, thus, it is desirable to relate VO2max to other variables including age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), and physical activity. Mathematical models are presented to relate VO2max to age, gender, BMI, body fat percentage, and aerobic exercise. Predictions match well with measured VO2max data published in the literature. The robust models are stable for all boundary conditions including young adults to old age and lower sedentary to Olympic-trained levels of relative fitness for both male and female applications. The relationship may be especially helpful for older people who are dealing with elevated values of BMI. The models build on two levels of relative fitness (sedentary and endurance-trained) and boundary conditions of Olympic-trained athletes and lower sedentary conditions. Thus, the model responds to a full range of fitness conditions. Four equations are provided: one with relative fitness related to distance walked or ran each week, one using BMI to estimate relative fitness, and two using both BMI and BFP to estimate relative fitness (one interacting with age). An equation is also provided to evaluate the dynamic change in relative fitness using input of distance walked or ran each day, which can be estimated by a smart watch. The equation that only uses age, gender, and BMI as inputs overestimates VO2max for people with low BMI and who are physically inactive. This weakness is partially overcome by adding BFP as a variable when available. The most accurate equation is the one that uses distance walked or ran each day to estimate relative fitness based on the individual’s physical activity. Unfortunately, this method requires the individual to keep track of their physical activity daily. Relative fitness may be a more appropriate variable than VO2max to indicate fitness because it is independent of age.
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate whether eight weeks of aerobic high-intensity interval training with roller ski is effective in cross-country skiers. 10 male （age, 18.28 ± 2.1 years; height, 171.26 ± 4.12 cm; weight 61.39 ± 6.28 kg） and 8 female （age, 16.05 ± 0.3 years; height, 158.3 ± 6.47 cm; weight, 49.34 ± 0.7 kg） junior cross country skiers completed the study. All skiers performed a 2 × 2-kin all-out uphill intervals with roller-skis, 3 times a week, in addition to their traditional training program. Measurements included VO2max （maximal oxygen uptake）, anaerobic power, and also for 2-km roller ski. All values were listed as pre-to post-test mean （± SD）, significant level, and percentage changes （%）. Pre-to post-testing changes in VO2max, anaerobic power, and also 2-kin roller ski performance were significantly higher during all post-test trials in all groups （P 〈 0.005）. With reference to the training effects found in our study, we suggest that the skiers should integrate the roller ski aerobic high-intensity interval uphill models in their training programs for improving performance.
文摘目的:客观评价第三套全国中小学生系列广播体操的运动负荷。方法:在北京市朝阳区四所中小学中随机抽取120名学生作为受试者,每所学校30名,男女各半。受试学生分别完成第三套全国中小学生广播体操放飞理想、舞动青春、七彩阳光和希望风帆系列中的一套操。四套广播体操的平均运动时间是268.3±4.3秒。受试学生的检测包括2个步骤:(1)VO2max和HRmax的检测。采用功率自行车递增负荷运动方案,使用Fitmate Pro Kit心肺功能测试评价系统;(2)完成广播体操运动过程中VO2、HR和RPE等指标的检测。在受试学生完成本套广播体操运动过程中,检测完成每一节操后即刻以及运动前和运动后3分钟、5分钟的VO2、HR和RPE。结果:不同年龄阶段的男女中小学生在完成第三套全国中小学生系列广播体操运动过程中,%VO2max的变化趋势基本一致。安静站立时的%VO2max最低,约在10%～20%之间,随着广播体操运动的开始和进行,%VO2max逐渐增加,峰值达到60%～80%的水平,然后下降,形成一个单峰变化特点;男女学生完成四套广播体操运动过程中%VO2max平均值在30%～45%之间。受试学生完成本套广播体操运动过程中%HRmax和RPE变化与%VO2max的变化相似,%HRmax峰值达到70%～90%,平均值60%～72%;RPE峰值达到12～14,平均值在8～10之间;RPE与%VO2max、%HRmax的相关系数分别是r=0.45(P<0.01)和r=0.31(P<0.01)。结论:第三套全国中小学生系列广播体操的运动强度呈波动变化,其最大运动强度达到亚极量,但持续时间较短。总体上,本套广播体操运动负荷属于低到中等,适合中小学生健身运动。
