Transcription factor-mediated cell conversion has been reported in the central nervous system of both rodents and nonhuman primates.In particular,glia-to-neuron conversion has been achieved in the brain and spinal cor...Transcription factor-mediated cell conversion has been reported in the central nervous system of both rodents and nonhuman primates.In particular,glia-to-neuron conversion has been achieved in the brain and spinal cord of animal models for neural regeneration and repair.However,whether glia-to-neuron conversion can be used for brain repair in humans needs to be explored.To investigate the use of glia-to-neuron conversion technology in the human brain,we established a long-term ex vivo culture system using human brain tissue that was surgically removed from epileptic patients to test glia-to-neuron conversion directly.We found that neural transcription factors NeuroD1 and Ascl1 both converted human glial cells into neurons.Immunostaining and electrophysiological recordings showed that the glia-converted neurons demonstrated immature properties during the initial 7-14 days of conversion,and then acquired more mature neuronal properties after 21-27 days of conversion.These ex vivo conversion studies in human brain tissue pave the way toward future clinical trials using a transcription factor-based glia-to-neuron conversion approach to treat neurological disorders.展开更多
The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly a...The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly applicable optical trapping system based on a custom-designed 2×3 optical tweezer array,which enables the real-time interception and manipulation of circulating leukocytes in live animals.By utilizing intrinsic velocity differences between leukocytes and red blood cells,the system achieves stable trapping of individual leukocytes in vessels 15-20μm in diameter and decelerates multiple cells in vessels greater than 20μm.Notably,it also enables the optical blockage of lymphatic vessels exceeding 50μm,a previously unreported capability.This label-free,noninvasive approach operates without repeated blood draws and is compatible with diverse vessel geometries and flow dynamics.The system offers a generalizable solution for in vivo cell extraction and analysis,paving the way for high-precision single-cell technologies in biomedical research and clinical translation.展开更多
The level of glutathione(GSH)is significantly associated with numerous pathological processes,thus,real-time detection of the GSH level is of significance for early diagnosis of GSH-related diseases.Herein,we develope...The level of glutathione(GSH)is significantly associated with numerous pathological processes,thus,real-time detection of the GSH level is of significance for early diagnosis of GSH-related diseases.Herein,we developed in vivo second near-infrared(NIR-II)window fluorescence(FL)and ratiometric photoacoustic(RPA)dual-modality imaging of GSH using a GSH-activatable probe(LET-14).LET-14 was synthesized based on a rhodamine hybrid xanthene skeleton with a FL shielding 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonyl group that can be specifically cleaved by GSH,thus resulting in a markedly bathochromic-shift absorption,a 6.5-fold increase in NIR-II FL intensity(FL_(920))and a 13-fold increase in RPA signal(PA_(880)/PA_(705))in vitro.Intriguingly,LET-14 exhibits good selectivity and sensitivity for NIR-II FL and RPA dual-modality imaging of GSH in 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model.Our findings develop an in vivo detection tool of GSH,which has great potential in the field of cancer diagnosis.展开更多
The buttermilk was selected as a wall material to deliver the docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)in this current research,including algal oil encapsulating with pure buttermilk(BMO)and its mixture(buttermilk and maltodextrin(BM...The buttermilk was selected as a wall material to deliver the docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)in this current research,including algal oil encapsulating with pure buttermilk(BMO)and its mixture(buttermilk and maltodextrin(BMMO)).The results showed that the particle growth rate of BMO and BMMO was slower than that of commercial algal oil powders(CMOs)during simulated digestion in vitro.Moreover,in the Morris water maze experiment,the mice in BMO and BMMO groups took less time to find the platform compared to that in CMO group,and their DHA content in the brain was significantly higher.The immunoglobulin detection revealed that feeding BMO and BMMO could improve the immune function of rats.Therefore,buttermilk will be a potential wall material which are able to improve the digestion characteristics of algal oil and the DHA bioavailability,and these results also promote the value-added utilization of by-products in the dairy industry.展开更多
Background:Ex vivo lung perfusion(EVLP)has emerged as a critical technique for lung preservation and evaluation prior to transplantation.While conventional rat EVLP systems utilize closed-loop dual cannulation of pulm...Background:Ex vivo lung perfusion(EVLP)has emerged as a critical technique for lung preservation and evaluation prior to transplantation.While conventional rat EVLP systems utilize closed-loop dual cannulation of pulmonary artery(PA)and vein,the effect of the simplified model using single PA cannulation with passive venous drainage is unknown.Methods:We developed two EVLP models in rats:a semi-closed circuit with PA-only cannulation and left atrial incision for passive venous drainage(SC-EVLP),and a closed circuit employing both arterial and venous cannulation(C-EVLP).Donor lungs were perfused for a defined duration and subsequently orthotopically transplanted.We evaluated pulmonary function parameters,histopathological injury scores,inflammatory cytokine levels,and apoptotic marker expression at the end of perfusion and posttransplantation.Results:Compared to the conventional EVLP,the SC-EVLP group exhibited significantly lower PA pressure and improved dynamic lung compliance throughout perfusion.Although the levels of tumor necrosis factor-αin the perfusate were higher in the SC-EVLP group,other cytokine levels in the perfusate and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exhibited no significant differences.Pulmonary edema was reduced in the SC-EVLP group,as indicated by a lower lung wet-to-dry ratio.After transplantation,lungs from the SC-EVLP group exhibited lower histological injury scores,reduced apoptosis,and decreased serum cytokine levels,suggesting attenuated inflammation and tissue damage.Conclusions:In a rat model,single PA cannulation with passive venous drainage reduced pulmonary edema during EVLP and reduced lung injury and systemic inflammation after transplantation.展开更多
Doubled haploid(DH)technology has revolutionized crop breeding by enabling the production of homozygous lines in a single generation.In vivo haploid induction(HI)offers a more widely applicable approach that can signi...Doubled haploid(DH)technology has revolutionized crop breeding by enabling the production of homozygous lines in a single generation.In vivo haploid induction(HI)offers a more widely applicable approach that can significantly improve DH breeding efficiency.ToPAR,a parthenogenesis gene,originally identified in dandelion(Taraxacum officinale),has been characterized.Researchers have successfully induced haploid embryo-like structures and haploid offspring in lettuce and foxtail millet,respectively.展开更多
The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and contin...The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and continuous comparison between in vivo retinal development and the organotypic retinal explant culture makes this model controversial in postnatal retinal development studies.Thus,we aimed to verify the feasibility of using this model for postnatal retinal development studies by comparing it with the in vivo retina.In this study,we showed that postnatal retinal explants undergo normal development,and exhibit a consistent structure and timeline with retinas in vivo.Initially,we used SOX2 and PAX6 immunostaining to identify retinal progenitor cells.We then examined cell proliferation and migration by immunostaining with Ki-67 and doublecortin,respectively.Ki-67-and doublecortin-positive cells decreased in both in vivo and explants during postnatal retinogenesis,and exhibited a high degree of similarity in abundance and distribution between groups.Additionally,we used Ceh-10 homeodomain-containing homolog,glutamate-ammonia ligase(glutamine synthetase),neuronal nuclei,and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 immunostaining to examine the emergence of bipolar cells,Müller glia,mature neurons,and microglia,respectively.The timing and spatial patterns of the emergence of these cell types were remarkably consistent between in vivo and explant retinas.Our study showed that the organotypic retinal explant culture model had a high degree of consistency with the progression of in vivo early postnatal retina development.The findings confirm the accuracy and credibility of this model and support its use for long-term,systematic,and continuous observation.展开更多
Development of exquisitely selective and sensitive HClO/ClO^(-)sensor in living system is of the utmost importance.To achieve near-infrared(NIR)-responsive detection of HClO/ClO^(-),a new nanoprobe(csUCNP-Cy820) is co...Development of exquisitely selective and sensitive HClO/ClO^(-)sensor in living system is of the utmost importance.To achieve near-infrared(NIR)-responsive detection of HClO/ClO^(-),a new nanoprobe(csUCNP-Cy820) is composed of the ClO^(-)sensitive Cy820(energy acceptor),and NaLuF4:20%Yb,1%Tm@NaLuF4core@shell upconversion nanoparticles(csUCNP,energy donor) capable of emitting NIR upconversion luminescence(UCL) of Tm^(3+)(800 nm).Through the mechanism of F?rster resonance energy transfer(FRET),the UCL emission can be recovered in the presence of HClO/CIO^(-).The csUCNP-Cy820 nanoprobe is effectively adapted as a precise ClO^(-)detection sensor with a low limit of detection(LoD) of 58 nmol/L in vitro.Moreover,owing to excitation and emission wavelengths both falling within the NIR region,the nanoprobe facilitates high quality imaging in mice models of peritonitis and arthritis,thereby enabling deeper penetration depth for imaging detection in vivo.展开更多
The herbal drink “Attoté” has been widely used in the Abidjan district to treat a number of illnesses, notably erectile dysfunction. Despite the popularity of its therapeutic effects, very few studies have been...The herbal drink “Attoté” has been widely used in the Abidjan district to treat a number of illnesses, notably erectile dysfunction. Despite the popularity of its therapeutic effects, very few studies have been carried out on its effects on the health of users. The aim of this study was to identify the constituents contained in the phytomedicinal product and to assess their potential adverse effects in vivo. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the bioactive molecules in “Attoté” and to evaluate its hepatic effects in vivo. Forty (40) Wistar rats, randomly divided into 4 groups, with 10 animals per group (5 males and 5 females) were used to study potential hepatotoxic effects. Group 1 animals (control group) received distilled water. Batches I, II and III received by gavage a volume of Attoté extract corresponding to 1 ml/100 g body weight at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, respectively. Attoté extract was administered daily at the same time for 28 days, and serum was collected every two weeks to assess hepatic biochemical markers by spectrophotometry using a Cobas C311® HITACHI biochemistry system. After one month of study, the rats were euthanized by ether overdose and the livers were harvested for morphological and histopathological analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, leucoanthocyanes, anthraquinones and quinones. Hepatic biochemical and hematological parameters such as red globular, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALPs) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) showed no significant change (p > 0.05) in the treated rat group compared with controls. However, these variations were moderate and transient, with values remaining almost within their standard limits. Microscopic observations of liver tissue sections from treated rats showed no liver damage or dysfunction. This study merits further investigation, with a view to gaining a better understanding of the cytotoxic mechanisms of herbal medicinal beverages, with a view to their reformulation as improved traditional medicines (ITMs).展开更多
Currently, animal and clinical research on biomaterials, such as surgical sutures, are mainly performed by removing them from the experiment targets and observing them by microscopy. However, traditional microscopy is...Currently, animal and clinical research on biomaterials, such as surgical sutures, are mainly performed by removing them from the experiment targets and observing them by microscopy. However, traditional microscopy is not able to observe the internal structure, and there is a risk of sacrificing animals to remove the suture and damaging the materials. Therefore, we introduced optical coherence tomography (OCT) to observe and evaluate four different kinds of surgical sutures in vivo (monofilament absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures and braided absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures). As a result, while the monofilament nonabsorbable sutures showed almost no change over time, the absorbable sutures had color fading and it was also confirmed that the internal structure became chaotic due to decomposition, which improved the OCT signal intensity. For the braided sutures, both absorbable and nonabsorbable, we found that the reflection signal improved from week 0 because blood got among the filaments of sutures and dried during recovery which increased OCT signal from week 0 to week 1. We also confirmed that the braided sutures untwisted over time. All four kinds of sutures were pulled due to the movement of rats during recovery. It is expected that OCT technology will be of great help in in vivo experiments on biomaterials such as sutures.展开更多
体外嵌合抗原受体T细胞(ex vivo CAR-T)在改善血液系统恶性肿瘤(尤其是B细胞恶性肿瘤)方面显示出卓越的治疗潜力,但其广泛应用面临巨大挑战,包括体外制造工艺复杂、生产成本高昂等因素。近年来,随着RNA药物、靶向递送系统等领域的快速发...体外嵌合抗原受体T细胞(ex vivo CAR-T)在改善血液系统恶性肿瘤(尤其是B细胞恶性肿瘤)方面显示出卓越的治疗潜力,但其广泛应用面临巨大挑战,包括体外制造工艺复杂、生产成本高昂等因素。近年来,随着RNA药物、靶向递送系统等领域的快速发展,体内嵌合抗原受体T细胞(in vivo CAR-T)作为一种创新策略应运而生。in vivo CAR-T通过病毒载体或脂质纳米颗粒(LNPs)等靶向递送系统,将编码CAR的遗传物质直接导入患者体内,实现体内T细胞工程化改造,这一策略从根本上省去了繁琐的体外细胞操作步骤和传统的化疗预处理环节。本研究系统梳理了in vivo CAR-T的技术进展与非临床研究考虑。in vivo CAR-T兼具基因治疗与细胞治疗的双重属性,涉及多种递送载体,类型多样,机制复杂,其非临床研究可遵循基于风险、个案处理的原则,在现有相关技术指导原则框架下,合理设计并开展非临床研究,以获取科学规范的试验数据来支持开展临床试验和批准上市。展开更多
Objective:This review aims to investigate and establish potential in vitro and in vivo models for evaluating the anti-urolithiatic activity of therapeutic agents,exploring experimental approaches that can reliably sim...Objective:This review aims to investigate and establish potential in vitro and in vivo models for evaluating the anti-urolithiatic activity of therapeutic agents,exploring experimental approaches that can reliably simulate human stone formation and effectively assess the efficacy of anti-urolithiatic compounds.Methods:Multiple in vitro and in vivo approaches were explored.In vitro methods included the estimation of calcium oxalate by titrimetry,nucleation assays,aggregation assays,turbidimetric assays,and electron microscopy studies.Artificial stone models such as BegoStone and Ultracal 30 were fabricated to mimic the physicochemical characteristics of urinary calculi.In vivo models included ethylene glycol-induced,calcium oxalate/ammonium oxalate-induced,diet-induced,and infection-related models in rodents.Additionally,genetically modified animal models such as TRPV5 knockout,CLDN14 knockout,AGXT knockout,and URAT1 overexpression mice were discussed to study molecular pathways of urolithiasis.Parameters such as urinary oxalate,calcium levels,and histopathological evaluation of kidney tissues were used to validate stone formation and dissolution processes.Results:In vitro models effectively demonstrate the processes of crystal nucleation,aggregation,and inhibition,allowing quantitative assessment of potential anti-urolithiatic activity.Electron microscopy provides detailed insights into crystal morphology and ultrastructural alterations.Artificial stones fabricated using BegoStone and Ultracal 30 closely replicate natural calculi hardness and composition,making them suitable for lithotripsy and dissolution studies.In vivo models successfully mimic human urolithiasis pathophysiology,particularly the ethylene glycol-induced rat model,which shows reproducible calcium oxalate crystal deposition in renal tissues.The application of genetic models highlights the role of specific transporters and enzymes in calcium and oxalate homeostasis.Conclusion:A combination of in vitro and in vivo experimental models provides a comprehensive platform for evaluating the anti-urolithiatic potential of therapeutic agents.The integration of biochemical,morphological,and genetic analyses enhances the understanding of stone pathogenesis and development of novel anti-urolithiatic therapies.展开更多
Metabolic syndrome(MetS)is a cluster of risk factors that significantly increase the chances of developing heart disease,type 2 diabetes mellitus,stroke,and other cardiovascular complications.Since current anti-MetS m...Metabolic syndrome(MetS)is a cluster of risk factors that significantly increase the chances of developing heart disease,type 2 diabetes mellitus,stroke,and other cardiovascular complications.Since current anti-MetS medications like statins,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors,β-blockers,insulin sensitizers and diuretics have been reported to cause unwanted side effects,researchers are exploring promising alternatives.One such alternative relies on the potential of spices and condiments,which have a long history of use in traditional medicine.Among them,Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume stands out as a popular spice worldwide for its unique taste,aroma,and delicate sweetness compared to other cinnamon varieties.This narrative review aims to summarize the in vivo and clinical evidence concerning the efficacy of C.zeylanicum against MetS indices.Relevant articles from PubMed,Scopus and Google scholar databases were reviewed.In vivo results suggested that C.zeylanicum preparations(extracts,essential oil,crude powder,bioactive compounds,and biosynthesized nanoparticles)were remarkably efficient in ameliorating MetS indices,while the clinical data were less and with several methodological limitations.Further robust clinical studies are warranted to definitively establish C.zeylanicum as a promising functional food for mitigating MetS,potentially leading to its dietary integration as a natural approach to improve metabolic health.展开更多
Cartilage is a highly specialized connective tissue that provides structure,flexibility,and strength to joints and serves as a crucial precursor to bone formation throughout embryonic growth and development.Cartilage ...Cartilage is a highly specialized connective tissue that provides structure,flexibility,and strength to joints and serves as a crucial precursor to bone formation throughout embryonic growth and development.Cartilage formation relies on chondrocytes,which play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by producing substantial amounts of extracellular matrix(ECM)and ground substance.展开更多
Edible mushroom polysaccharides demonstrate a range of bioactivities and have been investigated as potential adjuvant therapies for cancer treatment.Our prior research found Lactariks hatsudake Tanaka polysaccharide(L...Edible mushroom polysaccharides demonstrate a range of bioactivities and have been investigated as potential adjuvant therapies for cancer treatment.Our prior research found Lactariks hatsudake Tanaka polysaccharide(LHP)effective against hepatocellular carcinoma,but the mechanisms remain unclear.This study aims to clarify the anti-cancer molecular mechanisms by examining the effects on specific signaling pathways through in vivo and in vitro analyses.Animal studies showed that LHP significantly inhibited the growth of transplanted liver cancer without toxicity.Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that LHP increased nuclear cohesion in tumor cells and altered the expression of key regulatory proteins such as protein kinase B(Akt),nuclear factorκB(NFκB),caspase-3,p21,and p53.These findings suggest that LHP’s anticancer effects involve promoting apoptosis and disrupting the cell cycle.At the cellular level,assays such as 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium(MTS),flow cytometry,and transwell invasion confirmed that LHP inhibited cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis.Polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays revealed that LHP intervention reduced cyclin-dependent kinase 4 activity by upregulating p53 and p21,leading to cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell proliferation.LHP also promoted apoptosis by altering Bcl-2-associated X protein,B-cell lymphoma 2,and cleaved caspase-3 levels.Moreover,LHP could affect the Akt,NF-κB,and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways to exert anticancer effects.These findings underscore the potential of LHP as a novel and multifaceted therapeutic agent.Furthermore,the elucidation of LHP-related mechanisms offers a crucial theoretical foundation for developing innovative and effective treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma.Additionally,this supports its potential development as a functional food or adjuvant therapy for cancer,which holds significant implications and application prospects in both the food and medical fields.展开更多
The authors wish to amend the following information“The Western blotting of the CHOP protein in Figure 2D,the internal reference used is GAPDH,which has a molecular weight of 36 kDa”and“the SRT1720 group immunofluo...The authors wish to amend the following information“The Western blotting of the CHOP protein in Figure 2D,the internal reference used is GAPDH,which has a molecular weight of 36 kDa”and“the SRT1720 group immunofluorescence image in Figure 4G”.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this study was to find the optimal force that should be applied to control urine leakage using a non-hydraulic cuff design,and to investigate the relationship between the number of cuffs used in u...Objective:The aim of this study was to find the optimal force that should be applied to control urine leakage using a non-hydraulic cuff design,and to investigate the relationship between the number of cuffs used in urinary control and the change in demand force.Method:In this study,five sheep bladders were used to design and build a biomechanical evaluation system.The biomechanical system included the bladder,pressure gauge,pressure regulator system of the bladder,and force application system by the cuff.In this study,we increased the fluid pressure inside the bladder from 0 cmH_(2)O to 200 cmH_(2)O(1 cmH_(2)O=0.098 kPa),and at each point,the force applied by the cuff to prevent fluid leakage was measured and recorded.Results:The study revealed that a mean tensile force of 2.81(standard deviation 0.23)N for a single cuff and 1.63(standard deviation 0.16)N for double cuffs with symmetrical pressure effectively prevented bladder fluid leakage in the pressure range from 75 cmH_(2)O to 100 cmH_(2)O(p<0.001).However,there were no significant differences in results when comparing the applied tensile force required by double cuffs with asymmetric tensile force to that of the single cuff use.Furthermore,using three cuffs instead of two did not yield significantly different outcomes.Conclusion:Using double cuffs with symmetrical pressure had a greater effect compared with a single cuff with the same tensile force.Although multiple cuffs with varying tensile forces were not found to be useful in controlling urine leakage in this study,it is suggested that applying variable forces alternately and rotationally among several cuffs may reduce long-term risks such as atrophy and necrosis.Future in vivo studies are recommended to further evaluate efficiency.展开更多
Mutations in the Rhodopsin(RHO)gene are the main cause of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa(adRP),84%of which are pathogenic gain-of-function point mutations.Treatment strategies for adRP typically involve silen...Mutations in the Rhodopsin(RHO)gene are the main cause of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa(adRP),84%of which are pathogenic gain-of-function point mutations.Treatment strategies for adRP typically involve silencing or ablating the pathogenic allele,while normal RHO protein replacement has no meaningful therapeutic benefit.Here,we present an adenine base editor(ABE)-mediated therapeutic approach for adRP caused by RHO point mutations in vivo.The correctable pathogenic mutations are screened and verified,including T17M,Q344ter,and P347L.Two adRP animal models are created carrying the class 1(Q344ter)and class 2(T17M)mutations,and dual AAV-delivered ABE can effectively repair both mutations in vivo.The early intervention of ABE8e efficiently corrects the Q344ter mutation that causes a severe form of adRP,delays photoreceptor death,and restores retinal function and visual behavior.These results suggest that ABE is a promising alternative to treat RHO mutation-associated adRP.Our work provides an effective spacer-mediated point mutation correction therapy for dominantly inherited ocular disorders.展开更多
Rare earth luminescent materials have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field as noncontact temperature monitoring devices with microscopic resolution due to their properties in the visible and near-infr...Rare earth luminescent materials have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field as noncontact temperature monitoring devices with microscopic resolution due to their properties in the visible and near-infrared regions.At the application level,it is required to have a certain temperature monitoring capability in the near-infrared region II window to enhance the tissue penetration depth.Here,two kinds of YOFs:Er^(3+),Yb^(3+)were prepared by co-precipitation and hydrothermal method,and the luminescence was enhanced by ion doping.An Er^(3+)-based ratiometric nanothermometer of ^(4)F_(9∕2)→4 I_(15∕2)(672nm,upconversion luminescence)to ^(4)I _(13∕2)→^(4) I_(15∕2)(1580nm/1566nm,NIR II downshifting luminescence)were designed with the Stark energy level.When doped with 2%Zn^(2+),the relative temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by co-precipitation method was improved from 0.30%℃^(-1)(30℃)to 0.59%℃^(-1)(30℃),expanding its use as a temperature monitoring device possibility.The temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by hydrothermal method was 1.01%℃^(-1)(30℃).Finally,the NIR II luminescence of the prepared nanothermometer was used as a control for temperature monitoring of heating sites in mice.The results showed that it can distinguish heating site from control site and no significant cytotoxicity or damage to the tissues was revealed,indicating its broad prospects in the biomedical field and other temperature monitoring scenarios in the future.展开更多
The degradation characteristics of high-purity(HP)magnesium(Mg)orthopedic implants under static and cyclic compressive loads(SCL and CCL)remain inadequately understood.This study developed an in vivo loading device ca...The degradation characteristics of high-purity(HP)magnesium(Mg)orthopedic implants under static and cyclic compressive loads(SCL and CCL)remain inadequately understood.This study developed an in vivo loading device capable of applying single SCL and CCL while shielding against unpredictable host movements.In vitro degradation experiments of HP Mg implants were conducted to verify the experimental protocol,and in vivo experiments in rabbit tibiae to observe the degradation characteristics of the implants.Micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscope were used for three-dimensional reconstruction and surface morphology analysis,respectively.Compared to in vitro specimens,in vivo specimens exhibited significantly higher corrosion rates and more extensive cracking.Cracks in the in vivo specimens gradually penetrated deeper from the loading surface,eventually leading to a rapid structural deterioration;whereas in vitro specimens exhibited more surface-localized cracking and a relatively uniform corrosion pattern.Compared to SCL,CCL accelerated both corrosion and cracking to some extent.These findings provide new insights into the in vivo degradation behavior of Mg-based implants under compressive loading conditions.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Project of Guangzhou City,No.202206060002(to GC)the Guangdong Province Science and Technology Project of China,No.2018B030332001(to GC)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China,No.2020A1515010854(to QW)the Yi-Liang Liu Endowment Fund from Jinan University Education Development Foundation。
文摘Transcription factor-mediated cell conversion has been reported in the central nervous system of both rodents and nonhuman primates.In particular,glia-to-neuron conversion has been achieved in the brain and spinal cord of animal models for neural regeneration and repair.However,whether glia-to-neuron conversion can be used for brain repair in humans needs to be explored.To investigate the use of glia-to-neuron conversion technology in the human brain,we established a long-term ex vivo culture system using human brain tissue that was surgically removed from epileptic patients to test glia-to-neuron conversion directly.We found that neural transcription factors NeuroD1 and Ascl1 both converted human glial cells into neurons.Immunostaining and electrophysiological recordings showed that the glia-converted neurons demonstrated immature properties during the initial 7-14 days of conversion,and then acquired more mature neuronal properties after 21-27 days of conversion.These ex vivo conversion studies in human brain tissue pave the way toward future clinical trials using a transcription factor-based glia-to-neuron conversion approach to treat neurological disorders.
基金funding from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0502900)special fund for Research on the National Major Research Instruments of China(62027824)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U24A20314)the Key Research and Development Program of Anhui Province in China(2022a05020028)the Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province.
文摘The ability to noninvasively manipulate and isolate specific cell populations in vivo is critical for advancing real-time diagnostics,precision medicine,and immunological research.Here,we present a novel and broadly applicable optical trapping system based on a custom-designed 2×3 optical tweezer array,which enables the real-time interception and manipulation of circulating leukocytes in live animals.By utilizing intrinsic velocity differences between leukocytes and red blood cells,the system achieves stable trapping of individual leukocytes in vessels 15-20μm in diameter and decelerates multiple cells in vessels greater than 20μm.Notably,it also enables the optical blockage of lymphatic vessels exceeding 50μm,a previously unreported capability.This label-free,noninvasive approach operates without repeated blood draws and is compatible with diverse vessel geometries and flow dynamics.The system offers a generalizable solution for in vivo cell extraction and analysis,paving the way for high-precision single-cell technologies in biomedical research and clinical translation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82372116,U23A2097)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2022A1515010620)+2 种基金Shenzhen Medical Research Fund(Nos.B2302047,A2302047)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20220818095806014)Research Team Cultivation Program of Shenzhen University(No.2023QNT019).
文摘The level of glutathione(GSH)is significantly associated with numerous pathological processes,thus,real-time detection of the GSH level is of significance for early diagnosis of GSH-related diseases.Herein,we developed in vivo second near-infrared(NIR-II)window fluorescence(FL)and ratiometric photoacoustic(RPA)dual-modality imaging of GSH using a GSH-activatable probe(LET-14).LET-14 was synthesized based on a rhodamine hybrid xanthene skeleton with a FL shielding 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonyl group that can be specifically cleaved by GSH,thus resulting in a markedly bathochromic-shift absorption,a 6.5-fold increase in NIR-II FL intensity(FL_(920))and a 13-fold increase in RPA signal(PA_(880)/PA_(705))in vitro.Intriguingly,LET-14 exhibits good selectivity and sensitivity for NIR-II FL and RPA dual-modality imaging of GSH in 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model.Our findings develop an in vivo detection tool of GSH,which has great potential in the field of cancer diagnosis.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD2100700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172190)+1 种基金the China Agriculture Research System-National Dairy Industry and Technology System(CARS-36)the National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy(2022-10).
文摘The buttermilk was selected as a wall material to deliver the docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)in this current research,including algal oil encapsulating with pure buttermilk(BMO)and its mixture(buttermilk and maltodextrin(BMMO)).The results showed that the particle growth rate of BMO and BMMO was slower than that of commercial algal oil powders(CMOs)during simulated digestion in vitro.Moreover,in the Morris water maze experiment,the mice in BMO and BMMO groups took less time to find the platform compared to that in CMO group,and their DHA content in the brain was significantly higher.The immunoglobulin detection revealed that feeding BMO and BMMO could improve the immune function of rats.Therefore,buttermilk will be a potential wall material which are able to improve the digestion characteristics of algal oil and the DHA bioavailability,and these results also promote the value-added utilization of by-products in the dairy industry.
基金Key Science and Technology Program of Shaanxi Province,Grant/Award Number:2024SF2-GJHX-45National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82472191The Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,Grant/Award Number:2024JC-ZDXM-49。
文摘Background:Ex vivo lung perfusion(EVLP)has emerged as a critical technique for lung preservation and evaluation prior to transplantation.While conventional rat EVLP systems utilize closed-loop dual cannulation of pulmonary artery(PA)and vein,the effect of the simplified model using single PA cannulation with passive venous drainage is unknown.Methods:We developed two EVLP models in rats:a semi-closed circuit with PA-only cannulation and left atrial incision for passive venous drainage(SC-EVLP),and a closed circuit employing both arterial and venous cannulation(C-EVLP).Donor lungs were perfused for a defined duration and subsequently orthotopically transplanted.We evaluated pulmonary function parameters,histopathological injury scores,inflammatory cytokine levels,and apoptotic marker expression at the end of perfusion and posttransplantation.Results:Compared to the conventional EVLP,the SC-EVLP group exhibited significantly lower PA pressure and improved dynamic lung compliance throughout perfusion.Although the levels of tumor necrosis factor-αin the perfusate were higher in the SC-EVLP group,other cytokine levels in the perfusate and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exhibited no significant differences.Pulmonary edema was reduced in the SC-EVLP group,as indicated by a lower lung wet-to-dry ratio.After transplantation,lungs from the SC-EVLP group exhibited lower histological injury scores,reduced apoptosis,and decreased serum cytokine levels,suggesting attenuated inflammation and tissue damage.Conclusions:In a rat model,single PA cannulation with passive venous drainage reduced pulmonary edema during EVLP and reduced lung injury and systemic inflammation after transplantation.
基金supported by the Nanfan Special Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant Nos.YBXM2320 and YBXM2433)the Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City,China(Grant No.SCKJ-JYRC-2024-58)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program,China(Grant No.CAAS-ASTIP-2021-CNRRI).
文摘Doubled haploid(DH)technology has revolutionized crop breeding by enabling the production of homozygous lines in a single generation.In vivo haploid induction(HI)offers a more widely applicable approach that can significantly improve DH breeding efficiency.ToPAR,a parthenogenesis gene,originally identified in dandelion(Taraxacum officinale),has been characterized.Researchers have successfully induced haploid embryo-like structures and haploid offspring in lettuce and foxtail millet,respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.81901156(to ZZ),82271200(to ZZ),82171308(to XC)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,No.xzy012022035(to ZZ)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,Nos.2021JM-261(to QK),2023-YBSF-303(to ZZ)Traditional Chinese Medicine Project of Shaanxi Province,No.2019-ZZ-JC047(to QK)。
文摘The organotypic retinal explant culture has been established for more than a decade and offers a range of unique advantages compared with in vivo experiments and cell cultures.However,the lack of systematic and continuous comparison between in vivo retinal development and the organotypic retinal explant culture makes this model controversial in postnatal retinal development studies.Thus,we aimed to verify the feasibility of using this model for postnatal retinal development studies by comparing it with the in vivo retina.In this study,we showed that postnatal retinal explants undergo normal development,and exhibit a consistent structure and timeline with retinas in vivo.Initially,we used SOX2 and PAX6 immunostaining to identify retinal progenitor cells.We then examined cell proliferation and migration by immunostaining with Ki-67 and doublecortin,respectively.Ki-67-and doublecortin-positive cells decreased in both in vivo and explants during postnatal retinogenesis,and exhibited a high degree of similarity in abundance and distribution between groups.Additionally,we used Ceh-10 homeodomain-containing homolog,glutamate-ammonia ligase(glutamine synthetase),neuronal nuclei,and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 immunostaining to examine the emergence of bipolar cells,Müller glia,mature neurons,and microglia,respectively.The timing and spatial patterns of the emergence of these cell types were remarkably consistent between in vivo and explant retinas.Our study showed that the organotypic retinal explant culture model had a high degree of consistency with the progression of in vivo early postnatal retina development.The findings confirm the accuracy and credibility of this model and support its use for long-term,systematic,and continuous observation.
基金Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFF0710000)。
文摘Development of exquisitely selective and sensitive HClO/ClO^(-)sensor in living system is of the utmost importance.To achieve near-infrared(NIR)-responsive detection of HClO/ClO^(-),a new nanoprobe(csUCNP-Cy820) is composed of the ClO^(-)sensitive Cy820(energy acceptor),and NaLuF4:20%Yb,1%Tm@NaLuF4core@shell upconversion nanoparticles(csUCNP,energy donor) capable of emitting NIR upconversion luminescence(UCL) of Tm^(3+)(800 nm).Through the mechanism of F?rster resonance energy transfer(FRET),the UCL emission can be recovered in the presence of HClO/CIO^(-).The csUCNP-Cy820 nanoprobe is effectively adapted as a precise ClO^(-)detection sensor with a low limit of detection(LoD) of 58 nmol/L in vitro.Moreover,owing to excitation and emission wavelengths both falling within the NIR region,the nanoprobe facilitates high quality imaging in mice models of peritonitis and arthritis,thereby enabling deeper penetration depth for imaging detection in vivo.
文摘The herbal drink “Attoté” has been widely used in the Abidjan district to treat a number of illnesses, notably erectile dysfunction. Despite the popularity of its therapeutic effects, very few studies have been carried out on its effects on the health of users. The aim of this study was to identify the constituents contained in the phytomedicinal product and to assess their potential adverse effects in vivo. Phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the bioactive molecules in “Attoté” and to evaluate its hepatic effects in vivo. Forty (40) Wistar rats, randomly divided into 4 groups, with 10 animals per group (5 males and 5 females) were used to study potential hepatotoxic effects. Group 1 animals (control group) received distilled water. Batches I, II and III received by gavage a volume of Attoté extract corresponding to 1 ml/100 g body weight at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, respectively. Attoté extract was administered daily at the same time for 28 days, and serum was collected every two weeks to assess hepatic biochemical markers by spectrophotometry using a Cobas C311® HITACHI biochemistry system. After one month of study, the rats were euthanized by ether overdose and the livers were harvested for morphological and histopathological analysis. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, leucoanthocyanes, anthraquinones and quinones. Hepatic biochemical and hematological parameters such as red globular, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALPs) and gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) showed no significant change (p > 0.05) in the treated rat group compared with controls. However, these variations were moderate and transient, with values remaining almost within their standard limits. Microscopic observations of liver tissue sections from treated rats showed no liver damage or dysfunction. This study merits further investigation, with a view to gaining a better understanding of the cytotoxic mechanisms of herbal medicinal beverages, with a view to their reformulation as improved traditional medicines (ITMs).
文摘Currently, animal and clinical research on biomaterials, such as surgical sutures, are mainly performed by removing them from the experiment targets and observing them by microscopy. However, traditional microscopy is not able to observe the internal structure, and there is a risk of sacrificing animals to remove the suture and damaging the materials. Therefore, we introduced optical coherence tomography (OCT) to observe and evaluate four different kinds of surgical sutures in vivo (monofilament absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures and braided absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures). As a result, while the monofilament nonabsorbable sutures showed almost no change over time, the absorbable sutures had color fading and it was also confirmed that the internal structure became chaotic due to decomposition, which improved the OCT signal intensity. For the braided sutures, both absorbable and nonabsorbable, we found that the reflection signal improved from week 0 because blood got among the filaments of sutures and dried during recovery which increased OCT signal from week 0 to week 1. We also confirmed that the braided sutures untwisted over time. All four kinds of sutures were pulled due to the movement of rats during recovery. It is expected that OCT technology will be of great help in in vivo experiments on biomaterials such as sutures.
文摘体外嵌合抗原受体T细胞(ex vivo CAR-T)在改善血液系统恶性肿瘤(尤其是B细胞恶性肿瘤)方面显示出卓越的治疗潜力,但其广泛应用面临巨大挑战,包括体外制造工艺复杂、生产成本高昂等因素。近年来,随着RNA药物、靶向递送系统等领域的快速发展,体内嵌合抗原受体T细胞(in vivo CAR-T)作为一种创新策略应运而生。in vivo CAR-T通过病毒载体或脂质纳米颗粒(LNPs)等靶向递送系统,将编码CAR的遗传物质直接导入患者体内,实现体内T细胞工程化改造,这一策略从根本上省去了繁琐的体外细胞操作步骤和传统的化疗预处理环节。本研究系统梳理了in vivo CAR-T的技术进展与非临床研究考虑。in vivo CAR-T兼具基因治疗与细胞治疗的双重属性,涉及多种递送载体,类型多样,机制复杂,其非临床研究可遵循基于风险、个案处理的原则,在现有相关技术指导原则框架下,合理设计并开展非临床研究,以获取科学规范的试验数据来支持开展临床试验和批准上市。
文摘Objective:This review aims to investigate and establish potential in vitro and in vivo models for evaluating the anti-urolithiatic activity of therapeutic agents,exploring experimental approaches that can reliably simulate human stone formation and effectively assess the efficacy of anti-urolithiatic compounds.Methods:Multiple in vitro and in vivo approaches were explored.In vitro methods included the estimation of calcium oxalate by titrimetry,nucleation assays,aggregation assays,turbidimetric assays,and electron microscopy studies.Artificial stone models such as BegoStone and Ultracal 30 were fabricated to mimic the physicochemical characteristics of urinary calculi.In vivo models included ethylene glycol-induced,calcium oxalate/ammonium oxalate-induced,diet-induced,and infection-related models in rodents.Additionally,genetically modified animal models such as TRPV5 knockout,CLDN14 knockout,AGXT knockout,and URAT1 overexpression mice were discussed to study molecular pathways of urolithiasis.Parameters such as urinary oxalate,calcium levels,and histopathological evaluation of kidney tissues were used to validate stone formation and dissolution processes.Results:In vitro models effectively demonstrate the processes of crystal nucleation,aggregation,and inhibition,allowing quantitative assessment of potential anti-urolithiatic activity.Electron microscopy provides detailed insights into crystal morphology and ultrastructural alterations.Artificial stones fabricated using BegoStone and Ultracal 30 closely replicate natural calculi hardness and composition,making them suitable for lithotripsy and dissolution studies.In vivo models successfully mimic human urolithiasis pathophysiology,particularly the ethylene glycol-induced rat model,which shows reproducible calcium oxalate crystal deposition in renal tissues.The application of genetic models highlights the role of specific transporters and enzymes in calcium and oxalate homeostasis.Conclusion:A combination of in vitro and in vivo experimental models provides a comprehensive platform for evaluating the anti-urolithiatic potential of therapeutic agents.The integration of biochemical,morphological,and genetic analyses enhances the understanding of stone pathogenesis and development of novel anti-urolithiatic therapies.
文摘Metabolic syndrome(MetS)is a cluster of risk factors that significantly increase the chances of developing heart disease,type 2 diabetes mellitus,stroke,and other cardiovascular complications.Since current anti-MetS medications like statins,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors,β-blockers,insulin sensitizers and diuretics have been reported to cause unwanted side effects,researchers are exploring promising alternatives.One such alternative relies on the potential of spices and condiments,which have a long history of use in traditional medicine.Among them,Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume stands out as a popular spice worldwide for its unique taste,aroma,and delicate sweetness compared to other cinnamon varieties.This narrative review aims to summarize the in vivo and clinical evidence concerning the efficacy of C.zeylanicum against MetS indices.Relevant articles from PubMed,Scopus and Google scholar databases were reviewed.In vivo results suggested that C.zeylanicum preparations(extracts,essential oil,crude powder,bioactive compounds,and biosynthesized nanoparticles)were remarkably efficient in ameliorating MetS indices,while the clinical data were less and with several methodological limitations.Further robust clinical studies are warranted to definitively establish C.zeylanicum as a promising functional food for mitigating MetS,potentially leading to its dietary integration as a natural approach to improve metabolic health.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 Major Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology(2021ZD0204500 and 2021ZD0204502 to J.Du)Creative Research Groups(32321003 to J.Du)of the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Cartilage is a highly specialized connective tissue that provides structure,flexibility,and strength to joints and serves as a crucial precursor to bone formation throughout embryonic growth and development.Cartilage formation relies on chondrocytes,which play a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by producing substantial amounts of extracellular matrix(ECM)and ground substance.
基金support of this research by the Program for Science&Technology Innovation Platform and Talent of Hunan Province(2021RC40322019TP1029)+2 种基金the Key R&D Plan of Hunan Province(2022SK2100,2023NK2034)the Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China(GJFP20230204)the Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Project in Hunan Province(XLK202431).
文摘Edible mushroom polysaccharides demonstrate a range of bioactivities and have been investigated as potential adjuvant therapies for cancer treatment.Our prior research found Lactariks hatsudake Tanaka polysaccharide(LHP)effective against hepatocellular carcinoma,but the mechanisms remain unclear.This study aims to clarify the anti-cancer molecular mechanisms by examining the effects on specific signaling pathways through in vivo and in vitro analyses.Animal studies showed that LHP significantly inhibited the growth of transplanted liver cancer without toxicity.Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that LHP increased nuclear cohesion in tumor cells and altered the expression of key regulatory proteins such as protein kinase B(Akt),nuclear factorκB(NFκB),caspase-3,p21,and p53.These findings suggest that LHP’s anticancer effects involve promoting apoptosis and disrupting the cell cycle.At the cellular level,assays such as 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium(MTS),flow cytometry,and transwell invasion confirmed that LHP inhibited cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis.Polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays revealed that LHP intervention reduced cyclin-dependent kinase 4 activity by upregulating p53 and p21,leading to cell cycle arrest and inhibited cell proliferation.LHP also promoted apoptosis by altering Bcl-2-associated X protein,B-cell lymphoma 2,and cleaved caspase-3 levels.Moreover,LHP could affect the Akt,NF-κB,and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways to exert anticancer effects.These findings underscore the potential of LHP as a novel and multifaceted therapeutic agent.Furthermore,the elucidation of LHP-related mechanisms offers a crucial theoretical foundation for developing innovative and effective treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma.Additionally,this supports its potential development as a functional food or adjuvant therapy for cancer,which holds significant implications and application prospects in both the food and medical fields.
文摘The authors wish to amend the following information“The Western blotting of the CHOP protein in Figure 2D,the internal reference used is GAPDH,which has a molecular weight of 36 kDa”and“the SRT1720 group immunofluorescence image in Figure 4G”.
文摘Objective:The aim of this study was to find the optimal force that should be applied to control urine leakage using a non-hydraulic cuff design,and to investigate the relationship between the number of cuffs used in urinary control and the change in demand force.Method:In this study,five sheep bladders were used to design and build a biomechanical evaluation system.The biomechanical system included the bladder,pressure gauge,pressure regulator system of the bladder,and force application system by the cuff.In this study,we increased the fluid pressure inside the bladder from 0 cmH_(2)O to 200 cmH_(2)O(1 cmH_(2)O=0.098 kPa),and at each point,the force applied by the cuff to prevent fluid leakage was measured and recorded.Results:The study revealed that a mean tensile force of 2.81(standard deviation 0.23)N for a single cuff and 1.63(standard deviation 0.16)N for double cuffs with symmetrical pressure effectively prevented bladder fluid leakage in the pressure range from 75 cmH_(2)O to 100 cmH_(2)O(p<0.001).However,there were no significant differences in results when comparing the applied tensile force required by double cuffs with asymmetric tensile force to that of the single cuff use.Furthermore,using three cuffs instead of two did not yield significantly different outcomes.Conclusion:Using double cuffs with symmetrical pressure had a greater effect compared with a single cuff with the same tensile force.Although multiple cuffs with varying tensile forces were not found to be useful in controlling urine leakage in this study,it is suggested that applying variable forces alternately and rotationally among several cuffs may reduce long-term risks such as atrophy and necrosis.Future in vivo studies are recommended to further evaluate efficiency.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC2506100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31971365,32371509,32001063,and 82271688)+3 种基金the Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(2019BT02Y276)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2023A1515010176)the grant from MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation,the Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(2023A04J1952)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Sun Yat-sen University(23ptpy59).
文摘Mutations in the Rhodopsin(RHO)gene are the main cause of autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa(adRP),84%of which are pathogenic gain-of-function point mutations.Treatment strategies for adRP typically involve silencing or ablating the pathogenic allele,while normal RHO protein replacement has no meaningful therapeutic benefit.Here,we present an adenine base editor(ABE)-mediated therapeutic approach for adRP caused by RHO point mutations in vivo.The correctable pathogenic mutations are screened and verified,including T17M,Q344ter,and P347L.Two adRP animal models are created carrying the class 1(Q344ter)and class 2(T17M)mutations,and dual AAV-delivered ABE can effectively repair both mutations in vivo.The early intervention of ABE8e efficiently corrects the Q344ter mutation that causes a severe form of adRP,delays photoreceptor death,and restores retinal function and visual behavior.These results suggest that ABE is a promising alternative to treat RHO mutation-associated adRP.Our work provides an effective spacer-mediated point mutation correction therapy for dominantly inherited ocular disorders.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2023-YBSF-479)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 22075249)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Rare earth luminescent materials have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field as noncontact temperature monitoring devices with microscopic resolution due to their properties in the visible and near-infrared regions.At the application level,it is required to have a certain temperature monitoring capability in the near-infrared region II window to enhance the tissue penetration depth.Here,two kinds of YOFs:Er^(3+),Yb^(3+)were prepared by co-precipitation and hydrothermal method,and the luminescence was enhanced by ion doping.An Er^(3+)-based ratiometric nanothermometer of ^(4)F_(9∕2)→4 I_(15∕2)(672nm,upconversion luminescence)to ^(4)I _(13∕2)→^(4) I_(15∕2)(1580nm/1566nm,NIR II downshifting luminescence)were designed with the Stark energy level.When doped with 2%Zn^(2+),the relative temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by co-precipitation method was improved from 0.30%℃^(-1)(30℃)to 0.59%℃^(-1)(30℃),expanding its use as a temperature monitoring device possibility.The temperature sensitivity of YOF prepared by hydrothermal method was 1.01%℃^(-1)(30℃).Finally,the NIR II luminescence of the prepared nanothermometer was used as a control for temperature monitoring of heating sites in mice.The results showed that it can distinguish heating site from control site and no significant cytotoxicity or damage to the tissues was revealed,indicating its broad prospects in the biomedical field and other temperature monitoring scenarios in the future.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China[51975317].
文摘The degradation characteristics of high-purity(HP)magnesium(Mg)orthopedic implants under static and cyclic compressive loads(SCL and CCL)remain inadequately understood.This study developed an in vivo loading device capable of applying single SCL and CCL while shielding against unpredictable host movements.In vitro degradation experiments of HP Mg implants were conducted to verify the experimental protocol,and in vivo experiments in rabbit tibiae to observe the degradation characteristics of the implants.Micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscope were used for three-dimensional reconstruction and surface morphology analysis,respectively.Compared to in vitro specimens,in vivo specimens exhibited significantly higher corrosion rates and more extensive cracking.Cracks in the in vivo specimens gradually penetrated deeper from the loading surface,eventually leading to a rapid structural deterioration;whereas in vitro specimens exhibited more surface-localized cracking and a relatively uniform corrosion pattern.Compared to SCL,CCL accelerated both corrosion and cracking to some extent.These findings provide new insights into the in vivo degradation behavior of Mg-based implants under compressive loading conditions.
